[vc_tta_tabs][vc_tta_section title=”Vi\u1ec7t Ng\u1eef” tab_id=”viet-ngu”]<\/p>\n
(C\u00f9las\u00echan\u00e0da sutta)<\/strong><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y t\u00f4i nghe.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u1edf Savatthi (X\u00e1-v\u1ec7), t\u1ea1i Jetavana (K\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0 L\u00e2m), trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u00f4ng Anathapindika (C\u1ea5p C\u00f4 \u00d0\u1ed9c). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo: “N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo.” –“B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n,” nh\u1eefng T\u1ef7-kheo \u1ea5y v\u00e2ng \u0111\u00e1p Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n. Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n — N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 hai; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 ba; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0; c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00e1c \u00d4ng h\u00e3y ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh r\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfng r\u1ed1ng s\u01b0 t\u1eed nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i: “Ch\u01b0 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec, c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c g\u00ec m\u00e0 ch\u01b0 T\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1: ‘Ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 hai; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 ba; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0; c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n'”. N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 sau: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i: ‘Ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 hai; Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 ba; Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0’. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n? Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin b\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0, c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u00e1c Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ebfn. Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, v\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n, Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i: ‘Ch\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Sa-m\u00f4n… Sa-m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0'”.<\/p>\n N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra, khi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin b\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin Ph\u00e1p, Ph\u00e1p \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u00e1c Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ebfn. Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 g\u00ec, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t g\u00ec gi\u1eefa qu\u00fd v\u1ecb v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i?”.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 sau: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh l\u00e0 \u0111a di\u1ec7n?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn, c\u00e1c Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111a di\u1ec7n”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tham, hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tham?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn, c\u00e1c Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tham, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tham”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 s\u00e2n, hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn, c\u00e1c Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 s\u00e2n”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 si hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng si? N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn… ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng si, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 si”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00e1i, hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u00e1i?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn… ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u00e1i”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn… ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed, hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn… ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “C\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1eadn \u1ee9ng, ngh\u1ecbch \u1ee9ng hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecbch \u1ee9ng?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn… ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecbch \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1eadn \u1ee9ng, ngh\u1ecbch \u1ee9ng”. –“Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0a h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, th\u00edch h\u00fd lu\u1eadn hay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u00fd lu\u1eadn?” N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn, c\u00e1c Du s\u0129 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “Ch\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n, c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh \u1ea5y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0a h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, th\u00edch h\u00fd lu\u1eadn”.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i tri ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y: h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 phi h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, nh\u1eefng Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn, th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn, c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn; nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y b\u1ecb ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phi h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, nh\u1eefng Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc phi h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn, th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft phi h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn, c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p phi h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn; nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y b\u1ecb ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i b\u1edfi h\u1eefu ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, nh\u1eefng Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt, s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t ly c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb c\u00f3 tham, c\u00f3 s\u00e2n, c\u00f3 si, c\u00f3 \u00e1i, c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed, c\u00f3 thu\u1eadn \u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 ngh\u1ecbch \u1ee9ng, c\u00f3 \u01b0a h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, c\u00f3 th\u00edch h\u00fd lu\u1eadn; nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi sanh, gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft, s\u1ea7u, bi, kh\u1ed5, \u01b0u, n\u00e3o. Ta n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111au kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, nh\u1eefng Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a hai lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt, s\u1ef1 nguy hi\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t ly c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang; nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng tham, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng si, kh\u00f4ng \u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7, c\u00f3 tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thu\u1eadn \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u1ecbch \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a h\u00fd lu\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u00fd lu\u1eadn; nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi sanh, gi\u00e0, ch\u1ebft, s\u1ea7u, bi, kh\u1ed5, \u01b0u, n\u00e3o. Ta n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u0111au kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n? D\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n tuy t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7; h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7. V\u00ec sao v\u1eady? Nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri ba s\u1ef1. Do v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n \u1ea5y tuy t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng Sa-m\u00f4n hay B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n tuy t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7. V\u00ec sao v\u1eady? Nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri hai s\u1ef1. Do v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n \u1ea5y tuy t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7; nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n tuy t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7. V\u00ec sao v\u1eady? Nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt tu\u1ec7 tri m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1. Do v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 Sa-m\u00f4n, B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n \u1ea5y tuy t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7. H\u1ecd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, trong Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0, t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u00e1c Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu, s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec sao v\u1eady? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadc Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, b\u1eadc Nh\u01b0 Lai, A-la-h\u00e1n, Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7, ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0 Lai hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, s\u1ef1 li\u1ec5u tri v\u1ec1 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, trong Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1eadc \u00d0\u1ea1o S\u01b0, t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p, t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u00e1c Gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu, s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ebfn \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec sao v\u1eady? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong m\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt kh\u00e9o thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng, kh\u00e9o hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, c\u00f3 h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadc Ch\u00e1nh \u00d0\u1eb3ng Gi\u00e1c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 n\u00e0y, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7ng, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n? B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y \u00e1i l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, l\u1ea5y \u00e1i l\u00e0m t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi, l\u1ea5y \u00e1i l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7ng, l\u1ea5y \u00e1i l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, \u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7ng, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, \u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y th\u1ecd l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, l\u1ea5y th\u1ecd l\u00e0m t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi, l\u1ea5y th\u1ecd l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7ng, l\u1ea5y th\u1ecd l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1ecd n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7ng, l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n ? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1ecd n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y x\u00fac l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, l\u1ea5y x\u00fac l\u00e0m t\u1eadp kh\u1edfi, l\u1ea5y x\u00fac l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7ng, l\u1ea5y x\u00fac l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, x\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, x\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y s\u00e1u nh\u1eadp l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y s\u00e1u nh\u1eadp l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, s\u00e1u nh\u1eadp n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, s\u00e1u nh\u1eadp n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y danh s\u1eafc l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y danh s\u1eafc l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, danh s\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, danh s\u1eafc n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n. Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y g\u00ec l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n? Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 minh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean… l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 minh l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 Ch\u01b0 T\u1ef7-kheo, khi m\u1ed9t T\u1ef7-kheo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m minh sanh kh\u1edfi, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y do v\u00f4 minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb, do minh sanh kh\u1edfi, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 d\u1ee5c th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 ng\u00e3 lu\u1eadn th\u1ee7. Nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u1edd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n; v\u1ecb \u1ea5y tu\u1ec7 tri: “Sanh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn, ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec7c n\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tr\u1edf lui tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y n\u1eefa”.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo \u1ea5y hoan h\u1ef7, t\u00edn th\u1ecd l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n.<\/p>\n H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n [\/vc_tta_section][vc_tta_section title=”Anh Ng\u1eef” tab_id=”anh-ngu”]<\/p>\n Culasihanada Sutta<\/strong><\/p>\n The Shorter Discourse on the Lion’s Roar<\/strong><\/p>\n Translated from the Pali by \u00d1anamoli Thera -edited and revised by Bhikkhu Bodhi<\/em><\/p>\n For free distribution only, by arrangement with the Buddhist Publication Society<\/em><\/p>\n 1. Thus have I heard. On one occasion the Blessed One was living at Savatthi in Jeta’s Grove, Anathapindika’s Park. There he addressed the bhikkhus thus: “Bhikkhus.” — “Venerable sir,” they replied. The Blessed One said this:<\/p>\n 2. “Bhikkhus, only here is there a recluse, only here a second recluse, only here a third recluse, only here a fourth recluse. The doctrines of others are devoid[*p.64] of recluses: that is how you should rightly roar your lion’s roar.[1]<\/p>\n 3. “It is possible, bhikkhus, that wanderers of other sects might ask: ‘But on the strength of what (argument) or with the support of what (authority) do the venerable ones say thus?’ Wanderers of other sects who ask thus may be answered in this way: ‘Friends, four things have been declared to us by the Blessed One who knows and sees, accomplished and fully enlightened; on seeing these in ourselves we say thus: “Only here is there a recluse, only here a second recluse, only here a third recluse, only here a fourth recluse. The doctrines of others are devoid of recluses.” What are the four? We have confidence in the Teacher, we have confidence in the Dhamma, we have fulfilled the precepts, and our companions in the Dhamma are dear and agreeable to us whether they are layfolk or those gone forth. These are the four things declared to us by the Blessed One who knows and sees, accomplished and fully enlightened, on seeing which in ourselves we say as we do.’<\/p>\n 4. “It is possible, bhikkhus, that wanderers of other sects might say thus: ‘Friends, we too have confidence in the Teacher, that is, in our Teacher; we too have confidence in the Dhamma, that is, in our Dhamma; we too have fulfilled the precepts, that is, our precepts; our companions in the Dhamma are dear and agreeable to us too whether they are layfolk or those gone forth. What is the distinction here, friends, what is the variance, what is the difference between you and us?’<\/p>\n 5. “Wanderers of other sects who ask thus may be answered in this way: ‘How then, friends, is the goal one or many?’ Answering rightly, the wanderers of other sects would answer thus: ‘Friends, the goal is one, not many.'[2] — ‘But, friends, is that goal for one affected by lust or free from lust?’ Answering rightly, the wanderers of other sects would answer thus: ‘Friends, that goal is for one free from lust, not for one affected by lust.’ — ‘But, friends, is that goal for one affected by hate or free from hate?’ Answering rightly, they would answer: ‘Friends, that goal is for one free from hate, not for one affected by hate.’ — ‘But, friends, is that goal for one affected by delusion or free from delusion?’ Answering rightly, they would answer: ‘Friends, that goal is for one free from delusion, not for one affected by delusion.’ — ‘But, friends, is that goal for one affected by craving or free from craving?'[*p.65] Answering rightly, they would answer: ‘Friends, that goal is for one free from craving, not for one affected by craving.’ — ‘But, friends, is that goal for one affected by clinging or free from clinging?’ Answering rightly, they would answer: ‘Friends, that goal is for one free from clinging, not for one affected by clinging.’ — ‘But, friends, is that goal for one who has vision or for one without vision?’ Answering rightly, they would answer: ‘Friends, that goal is for one with vision, not for one without vision.’ — ‘But, friends, is that goal for one who favours and opposes, or for one who does not favour and oppose?’ Answering rightly, they would answer: ‘Friends, that goal is for one who does not favour and oppose, not for one who favours and opposes.'[3] — ‘But, friends is that goal for one who delights in and enjoys proliferation, or for one who does not delight in and enjoy proliferation?’ Answering rightly, they would answer: ‘Friends, that goal is for one who does not delight in and enjoy proliferation, not for one who delights in and enjoys proliferation.'[4]<\/p>\n 6. “Bhikkhus, there are these two views: the view of being and the view of non-being. Any recluses or brahmins who rely on the view of being, adopt the view of being, accept the view of being, are opposed to the view of non-being. Any recluses or brahmins who rely on the view of non-being, adopt the view of non-being, accept the view of non-being, are opposed to the view of being.[5]<\/p>\n 7. “Any recluses or brahmins who do not understand as they actually are the origin, the disappearance, the gratification, the danger and the escape[6] in the case of these two views are affected by lust, affected by hate, affected by delusion, affected by craving, affected by clinging, without vision, given to favouring and opposing, and they delight in and enjoy proliferation. They are not freed from birth, aging and death, from sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and despair; they are not freed from suffering, I say.<\/p>\n 8. “Any recluses or brahmins who understand as they actually are the origin, the disappearance, the gratification, the danger and the escape in the case of these two views are without lust, without hate, without delusion, without craving, without clinging, with vision, not given to favouring and opposing, and they do not delight in and enjoy proliferation. They are freed from birth, aging and death, from sorrow, lamentation, pain, grief and despair; they are freed from suffering, I say.[*p.66]<\/p>\n 9. “Bhikkhus, there are these four kinds of clinging. What four? Clinging to sensual pleasures, clinging to views, clinging to rules and observances, and clinging to a doctrine of self.<\/p>\n 10. “Though certain recluses and brahmins claim to propound the full understanding of all kinds of clinging, they do not completely describe the full understanding of all kinds of clinging.[7] They describe the full understanding of clinging to sensual pleasures without describing the full understanding of clinging to views, clinging to rules and observances, and clinging to a doctrine of self. Why is that? Those good recluses and brahmins do not understand these three instances of clinging as they actually are. Therefore, though they claim to propound the full understanding of all kinds of clinging, they describe only the full understanding of clinging to sensual pleasures without describing the full understanding of clinging to views, clinging to rules and observances, and clinging to a doctrine of self.<\/p>\n 11. “Though certain recluses and brahmins claim to propound the full understanding of all kinds of clinging…they describe the full understanding of clinging to sensual pleasures and clinging to views without describing the full understanding of clinging to rules and observances and clinging to a doctrine of self. Why is that? They do not understand two instances…therefore they describe only the full understanding of clinging to sensual pleasures and clinging to views without describing the full understanding of clinging to rules and observances and clinging to a doctrine of self.<\/p>\n 12. “Though certain recluses and brahmins claim to propound the full understanding of all kinds of clinging…they describe the full understanding of clinging to sensual pleasures, clinging to views, and clinging to rules and observances without describing the full understanding of clinging to a doctrine of self. They do not understand one instance…therefore they describe only the full understanding of clinging to sensual pleasures, clinging to views, and clinging to rules and observances without describing the full understanding of clinging to a doctrine of self.[8]<\/p>\n 13. “Bhikkhus, in such a Dhamma and Discipline as that it is plain that confidence in the Teacher is not rightly directed, that confidence in the Dhamma is not rightly directed, that fulfilment of the precepts is not rightly directed, and that the affection among companions in the Dhamma is not rightly directed. Why is that? Because that is how it is when the Dhamma and Discipline is[*p.67] badly proclaimed and badly expounded, unemancipating, unconducive to peace, expounded by one who is not fully enlightened.<\/p>\n 14. “Bhikkhus, when a Tathagata, accomplished and fully enlightened, claims to propound the full understanding of all kinds of clinging, he completely describes the full understanding of all kinds of clinging: he describes the full understanding of clinging to sensual pleasures, clinging to views, clinging to rules and observances, and clinging to a doctrine of self.[9]<\/p>\n 15. “Bhikkhus, in such a Dhamma and Discipline as that it is plain that confidence in the Teacher is rightly directed, that confidence in the Dhamma is rightly directed, that fulfilment of the precepts is rightly directed, and that the affection among companions in the Dhamma is rightly directed. Why is that? Because that is how it is when the Dhamma and Discipline is well proclaimed and well expounded, emancipating, conducive to peace, expounded by one who is fully enlightened.<\/p>\n 16. “Now these four kinds of clinging have what as their source, what as their origin, from what are they born and produced? These four kinds of clinging have craving as their source, craving as their origin, they are born and produced from craving.[10] Craving has what as its source…? Craving has feeling as its source…Feeling has what as its source…? Feeling has contact as its source…Contact has what as its source…? Contact has the sixfold base as its source…The sixfold base has what as its source…? The sixfold base has mentality-materiality as its source…Mentality-materiality has what as its source…? Mentality-materiality has consciousness as its source…Consciousness has what as its source…? Consciousness has formations as its source…Formations have what as their source…? Formations have ignorance as their source, ignorance as their origin; they are born and produced from ignorance.<\/p>\n 17. “Bhikkhus, when ignorance is abandoned and true knowledge has arisen in a bhikkhu, then with the fading away of ignorance and the arising of true knowledge he no longer clings to sensual pleasures, no longer clings to views, no longer clings to rules and observances, no longer clings to a doctrine of self.[11] When he does not cling, he is not agitated. When he is not agitated, he personally attains Nibbana. He understands: ‘Birth is destroyed, the holy life has been lived, what had to be done has been done, there is no more coming to any state of being.'”[12] [*p.68]<\/p>\n That is what the Blessed One said. The bhikkhus were satisfied and delighted in the Blessed One’s words.<\/p>\n Notes<\/strong><\/p>\n [*p.###] The page numbers enclosed in square brackets in the above text are the page numbers of the Pali Text Society edition of the Pali text.<\/p>\n 1. Comy. explains “lion’s roar” (sihanada) as meaning a supreme roar (setthanada), a fearless roar (abhitanada), and a roar which cannot be confuted (appatinada). It adds: The roar about the existence of these four types of recluse only here is the supreme roar. The absence of any fear on account of others when one advances such a claim makes it a fearless roar. As none of the rival teachers can rise up and say, “These recluses also exist in our Dispensation,” it is a roar which cannot be confuted.<\/p>\n 2. Comy.: Even though the adherents of other sects all declare Arahantship — understood in a general sense as spiritual perfection — to be the goal, they point to other attainments as the goal in accordance with their views. Thus the brahmins declare the Brahma-world to be the goal, the great ascetics declare the gods of Streaming Radiance, the wanderers the gods of Refulgent Glory, and the Ajivakas the non-percipient state, which they posit to be “infinite mind” (anantamanasa).<\/p>\n 3. “Favouring and opposing” (anurodha-pativirodha): reacting with attraction through lust and with aversion through hatred.<\/p>\n 4. Proliferation (papa\u00f1ca), according to Comy., generally means mental activity governed by craving, conceit and views, but here only craving and views are intended.<\/p>\n 5. The adoption of one view entailing opposition to the other links up with the earlier statement that the goal is for one who does not favour and oppose.<\/p>\n 6. Comy. mentions eight conditions which serve as the origin (samudaya) of these views: the five aggregates, ignorance, contact, perception, thought, unwise attention, bad friends, and the voice of another. Their disappearance (atthangama) is the path of stream-entry, which eradicates all wrong views. Their gratification (assada) may be understood as the satisfaction of psychological need to which the view caters, specifically the nurturing of craving for being by the eternalist view and of craving for non-being by the annihilationist view. Their danger (adinava) is the continued bondage they entail, by obstructing the acceptance of right view, which leads to liberation. And the escape from them (nissarana) is Nibbana.<\/p>\n 7. Comy. glosses full understanding (pari\u00f1\u00f1a) here as overcoming (samatikkama), with reference to the commentarial notion of pahanapari\u00f1\u00f1a, “full understanding as abandonment.”<\/p>\n 8. This passage clearly indicates that the critical differentiating factor of the Buddha’s Dhamma is its “full understanding of clinging to a doctrine of self.” This means, in effect, that the Buddha alone is able to show how to overcome all views of self by developing penetration into the truth of non-self (anatta).<\/p>\n 9. Comy.: The Buddha teaches how clinging to sense pleasures is abandoned by the path of Arahantship, while the other three types of clinging are eliminated by the path of stream-entry. The path of stream-entry eliminates the other three clingings because these three are all forms of wrong view, and all wrong views are overcome at that stage. Although the statement that clinging to sense pleasures is abandoned by the path of Arahantship may sound strange, in view of the fact that sensual desire is already eliminated by the non-returner, the Tika (subcommentary) to the sutta explains that in the present context the word kama, sense pleasure, should be understood to comprise all forms of greed, and the subtler types of greed are only eliminated with the attainment of Arahantship.<\/p>\n 10. This passage is explained in order to show how clinging is to be abandoned. Clinging is traced back, via the chain of dependent arising, to its root-cause in ignorance, and then the destruction of ignorance is shown to be the means to eradicate clinging.<\/p>\n 11. The Pali idiom, n’eva kamupadanam upadiyati, would have to be rendered literally as “he does not cling to the clinging to sense pleasures,” which may obscure the sense more than it illuminates it. The word upadana in Pali is the object of its own verb form, while “clinging” in English is not. The easiest solution is to translate directly in accordance with the sense rather than to try to reproduce the idiom in translation.<\/p>\n 12. This is the stock canonical declaration of Arahantship.<\/p>\n [\/vc_tta_section][\/vc_tta_tabs]<\/p>\n M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c<\/a> \u0110\u1ea7u trang<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" [vc_tta_tabs][vc_tta_section title=”Vi\u1ec7t Ng\u1eef” tab_id=”viet-ngu”] 11. Ti\u1ec3u Kinh S\u01b0 T\u1eed H\u1ed1ng (C\u00f9las\u00echan\u00e0da sutta) Nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y t\u00f4i nghe. M\u1ed9t th\u1eddi Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n \u1edf Savatthi (X\u00e1-v\u1ec7), t\u1ea1i Jetavana (K\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0 L\u00e2m), trong v\u01b0\u1eddn \u00f4ng Anathapindika (C\u1ea5p C\u00f4 \u00d0\u1ed9c). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo: “N\u00e0y c\u00e1c T\u1ef7-kheo.” –“B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n,” nh\u1eefng T\u1ef7-kheo \u1ea5y v\u00e2ng \u0111\u00e1p Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n. Th\u1ebf […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":172123,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[109],"tags":[111,112,97],"yoast_head":"\n
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