{"id":162567,"date":"2019-05-02T08:31:27","date_gmt":"2019-05-02T01:31:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/?p=162567"},"modified":"2019-05-02T08:31:27","modified_gmt":"2019-05-02T01:31:27","slug":"luan-cau-xa-pham-2-phan-biet-can","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/luan-cau-xa-pham-2-phan-biet-can-162567.html","title":{"rendered":"Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 – Ph\u1ea9m 2: Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t C\u0103n"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1<\/h2>\n

H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Si\u00eau<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf,<\/em>
\nPL. 2543 – TL. 1999<\/em><\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

LU\u1eacN B\u1ea2N<\/strong><\/p>\n

II. PH\u1ea8M PH\u00c2N BI\u1ec6T C\u0102N<\/h2>\n

Ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 47 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng, chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

1) 22 c\u0103n.
\n2) C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00e2u sanh.
\n3) T\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch c\u00e2u sanh.
\n4) 6 nh\u01a1n, 4 duy\u00ean v\u00e0 5 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\u00d0o\u1ea1n 1 –\u00a0<\/em>22 c\u0103n:<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi c\u00f3 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng. Ph\u1ea9m Gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3, Ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5m t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 22\u00a0c\u0103n\u00a0<\/em>, n\u00ean c\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00e0m t\u00ean ph\u1ea9m, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean. (Lu\u1eadn\u00a0Ch\u00ednh L\u00fd\u00a0<\/em>g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m Sai bi\u1ec7t, Lu\u1eadn\u00a0T\u1ea1p T\u00e2m\u00a0<\/em>g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m H\u00e0nh).<\/p>\n

22 c\u0103n l\u00e0: m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n (c\u01a1 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ee9c), nam c\u0103n, n\u1eef c\u0103n (s\u1ef1 sai bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o), m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sanh), \u01b0u, h\u1ef7, kh\u1ed5, l\u1ea1c, x\u1ea3 (thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m), \u00fd c\u0103n (kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i sanh t\u1eed t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i t\u00f9y h\u00e0nh), t\u00edn, t\u1ea5n, ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7 (n\u0103m c\u0103n thanh t\u1ecbnh), v\u1ecb tri \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri, d\u0129 tri, c\u1ee5 tri (ba c\u0103n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu), 8 c\u0103n sau thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Con s\u1ed1 22 c\u0103n ch\u00ednh do Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c kinh A-h\u00e0m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed gom chung l\u1ea1i. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng hai m\u1eb7t m\u00ea v\u00e0 ng\u1ed9. M\u00ea l\u00e0 sanh t\u1eed l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n. Ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n di\u1ec7t Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Lu\u1eadn Ch\u00e1nh L\u00fd n\u00f3i: ”\u00a0Sanh t\u1eed ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n, sanh t\u1eed ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a ho\u00e0n di\u1ec7t\u00a0<\/em>“. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c\u00a0l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n\u00a0<\/em>ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 14 c\u0103n \u0111\u1ea7u trong 22 c\u0103n \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c\u00a0ho\u00e0n di\u1ec7t\u00a0<\/em>c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 8 c\u0103n sau trong 22 c\u0103n c\u0103n \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u 5 c\u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n, \u00fd c\u0103n, v\u1ecb tri \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u0103n, d\u0129 tri c\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 tri c\u0103n trong 22 c\u0103n \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ng c\u0103n\u00a0<\/em>: m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 sanh m\u1ea1ng, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c (th\u1ecd, no\u00e3n, th\u1ee9c) t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu khi ba th\u1ee9 th\u1ecd, no\u00e3n, th\u1ee9c r\u1eddi nhau th\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c (s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p) \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00e1i banh l\u0103n xa hay g\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1. Khi s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1 h\u1ebft th\u00ec tr\u00e1i banh ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

\u00dd c\u0103n\u00a0<\/em>: \u00dd c\u0103n c\u0169ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u0103n, t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a cho s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c ni\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc sanh kh\u1edfi, s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c ni\u1ec7m sau b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u00dd c\u0103n c\u00f3 hai kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed9t sinh m\u1ea1ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, hai l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0 kinh T\u1ea1p A-h\u00e0m 36 n\u00f3i\u00a0: “T\u00e2m n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gian, t\u00e2m n\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd\u00a0<\/em>“. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u l\u00e0nh d\u1eef c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m d\u1eaft d\u1eabn, t\u00e2m l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

Ba c\u0103n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu\u00a0<\/em>: L\u00e0 v\u1ecb tri \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri,d\u0129 tri, c\u1ee5 tri, d\u1ef1a theo ba \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o, tu \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfn l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y 9 c\u0103n l\u00e0 \u00fd, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c, x\u1ea3, t\u00edn, t\u1ea5n, ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ecbnh, tu\u1ec7, l\u00e0m th\u1ec3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 khi ti\u1ebfn tu tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf theo ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi16 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 8 nh\u1eabn 8 tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb 88 s\u1eed ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0ng khi sanh kh?i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 15, v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 16 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft tr\u1ecdn l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t tr\u1ecdn ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c. \u1ede t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh 9 c\u0103n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tri \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u0103n. V\u00ec k\u1ebf theo d\u0129 tri c\u0103n \u1edf tu \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ti\u1ebfp giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tu \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1n l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft 81 ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c . Khi tu qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh 9 c\u0103n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u0129 tri c\u0103n, v\u00ec nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 tri c\u0103n. \u1ede v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1edbi 9 c\u0103n nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3. Ti\u1ec3u B\u1ed9 Kinh t\u1eadp I trang 458 n\u00f3i: ”\u00a0V\u1ecb tri \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u0103n, tri c\u0103n, c\u1ee5 tri c\u0103n\u00a0<\/em>“, (c\u0103n: t\u00f4i s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft; c\u0103n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft; c\u0103n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. C\u0103n v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. Ba c\u0103n n\u00e0y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. C\u0103n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m).<\/p>\n

\u00d0o\u1ea1n 2:\u00a0<\/em>C\u00c1C PH\u00c1P C\u00c2U SANH<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u sanh t\u1ee9c duy\u00ean sanh, nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n sanh, t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a sanh. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi (hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c ri\u00eang sanh, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sanh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2u sanh. C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy h\u1ebft trong n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m s\u1edf, t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi. Trong n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, tr\u1eeb v\u00f4 vi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a sanh di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p c\u00e2u sanh; b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 c\u00e2u sanh. V\u1eady, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00e2u sanh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

Xem \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ec3u sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/caption>\n
5 V\u1eca,
\n75 PH\u00c1P<\/td>\n		H\u1eeeU VI, 72<\/td>\n* S\u1eaeC PH\u00c1P, 11<\/td>\n5 c\u0103n, 5 tr\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* T\u00c2M PH\u00c1P, 1<\/td>\n6 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* T\u00c2M S\u1ede PH\u00c1P, 46<\/td>\n\u00d0\u1ea0I \u00d0\u1ecaA PH\u00c1P, 10: Th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, x\u00fac, d\u1ee5c, hu\u1ec7, ni\u1ec7m t\u00e1c \u00fd, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, tam ma \u0111\u1ecba.
\n\u00d0\u1ea0I THI\u1ec6N \u00d0\u1ecaA PH\u00c1P, 10: T\u00edn, b\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, khinh an, x\u1ea3, t\u00e0m, q\u00fay, v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n.
\n\u00d0\u1ea0I PHI\u1ec0N N\u00c3O \u00d0\u1ecaA PH\u00c1P, 6: Si, ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i, b\u1ea5t t\u00edn, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed.
\n\u00d0\u1ea0I B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N \u00d0\u1ecaA PH\u00c1P, 2: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd.
\nTI\u1ec2U PHI\u1ec0N N\u00c3O \u00d0\u1ecaA PH\u00c1P, 10: Ph\u1eabn, ph\u00fa, xan, t\u1eadt, n\u00e3o, h\u1ea1i, h\u1eadn, si\u1ec3m, cu\u1ed1ng, ki\u00eau.
\nB\u1ea4T \u00d0\u1ecaNH \u00d0\u1ecaA PH\u00c1P, 8: T\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean, \u1ed1 t\u00e1c, tham, s\u00e2n, m\u1ea1n, nghi.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* B\u1ea4T T\u01af\u01a0NG \u01afNG, 14<\/td>\n\u00d0\u1eafc, phi \u0111\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1eadn, v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ec1n,v\u00f4 \u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh, di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh,m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n,sanh, tr\u1ee5, d\u1ecb,di\u1ec7t, c\u00fa v\u0103n th\u00e2n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00d4 VI, 3<\/td>\n– H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng.
\n– Tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t.
\n– Phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t.<\/td>\n		\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5:\u00a0<\/em>THEO DUY TH\u1ee8C C\u00d3 5 V\u1eca, 100 PH\u00c1P.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/caption>\n
5 V\u1eca,
\n100 PH\u00c1P<\/td>\n		H\u1eeeU VI, 94<\/td>\n* S\u1eaeC PH\u00c1P, 11<\/td>\n5 c\u0103n, 5 tr\u1ea7n, ph\u00e1p x\u1ee9 s\u1edf nhi\u1ebfp s\u1eafc<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* T\u00c2M PH\u00c1P,8<\/td>\n8 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* T\u00c2M S\u1ede PH\u00c1P, 51<\/td>\n– Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh: Nh\u01b0 10 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a C\u00e2u x\u00e1
\n– Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh: Nh\u01b0 10 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a C\u00e2u x\u00e1
\n– Thi\u1ec7n, 11: Nh\u01b0 10 \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a C\u00e2u-x\u00e1 th\u00eam v\u00f4 si.
\n– Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, 6: Tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n, nghi, \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn.<\/td>\n		\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
– T\u00f9y phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, 20<\/td>\n– Ti\u1ec3u t\u00f9y, 10: Nh\u01b0 10 ti\u1ec3u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p trong C\u00e2u-x\u00e1.
\n– Trung t\u00f9y, 2: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd.
\n– \u00d0\u1ea1i t\u00f9y, 8: Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, b\u1ea5t t\u00edn, gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i, ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m, t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n b\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh tri.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
– B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh 4: H\u1ed1i, mi\u00ean, t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9.<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
* B\u1ea4T T\u01af\u01a0NG \u01afNG, 24: Nh\u01b0 C\u00e2u-x\u00e1 tr\u1eeb phi \u0111\u1eafc, th\u00eam d\u1ecb sanh t\u00e1nh, l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ecb, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, th\u1ebf t\u1ea5c, th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7, th\u1eddi, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, s\u1ed1, h\u00f2a hi\u1ec7p, b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a hi\u1ec7p.<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00d4 VI, 6<\/td>\n* H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi.
\n* Tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi.
\n* Phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi.
\n* B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi.
\n* Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 vi .
\n* Ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 vi.<\/td>\n		\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

V\u1ec1 s\u1eafc v\u00e0 t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf ph\u1ea9m Gi\u1edbi. \u00d0\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m s\u1edf, t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch c\u00e2u sanh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

1. T\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u00e1p:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, khi \u0111\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng n\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1edbng chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n thu nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1edbng ri\u00eang. Ch\u00ednh t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 quan thu nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1edbng ri\u00eang n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea7y t\u00f4i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c vua, l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a vua, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, hay t\u00e2m s\u1edf h\u1eefu ph\u00e1p. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 46 th\u1ee9 chia th\u00e0nh 6 nh\u00f3m:<\/p>\n

a. \u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p: 10 th\u1ee9
\nb. \u00d0\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p: 10 th\u1ee9
\nc. \u00d0\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p: 6 th\u1ee9
\nd. \u00d0\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p: 2 th\u1ee9
\n\u0111. Ti\u1ec3u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p:10 th\u1ee9
\ne. B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p: 8 th\u1ee9<\/p>\n

(Chung c\u1ea3 46 th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y xem r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ed3 bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean)<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p\u00a0<\/em>: ch\u1ec9 t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. \u00d0\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 cho 10 t\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0 v.v… V\u00ec 10 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 ba t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng sanh kh\u1edfi th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng kh\u1edfi theo.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i t\u00f3m, t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t cho 10 t\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, v.v…c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a, hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

b\u00a0. \u00d0\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p:\u00a0<\/em>C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n

1. 10 t\u00e2m s\u1edf: t\u00edn, b\u1ea5t ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, v.v…ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n.
\n2. Bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. H\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00f3, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i. \u00d0\u1ecba ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

c.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p\u00a0<\/em>: V\u00ec t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a 6 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00e1c v\u00e0 h\u1eefu ph\u00fa v\u00f4 k\u00fd (nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4) hay l\u00e0m n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00f3, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

d.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p:\u00a0<\/em>V\u00ec t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t hai t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00e1c, v\u00e0 kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c \u00e1c t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u00f3, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

\u0111\u00a0. Ti\u1ec3u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p:\u00a0<\/em>M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y, t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb tu \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u1edfi l\u00ean theo \u0111\u1ec7 l\u1ee5c \u00fd th\u1ee9c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

e.\u00a0B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p\u00a0<\/em>: T\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u00f9y l\u00fac tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c v\u00f4 k\u00fd, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5y th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean, n\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00eam ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1i hay ti\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

2. T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p: <\/strong>V\u00ec lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u00e2m s\u1edf. H\u00e0nh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh u\u1ea9n, t\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i n\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh u\u1ea9n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n hay v\u00f4 vi.<\/p>\n

Sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng? T\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1edfi n\u0103m s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng:<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ed3ng s\u1edf y:\u00a0<\/em>T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u0103n m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi. Nh\u01b0 khi nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e3n c\u0103n m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi, th\u00ec t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e3n c\u0103n m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0103n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

b.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean:\u00a0<\/em>T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o th\u00ec t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng c\u0169ng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

c.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng:\u00a0<\/em>S\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o th\u00ec nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1ea5y. H\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

d.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gian:\u00a0<\/em>T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n

\u0111.\u00a0\u00d0\u1ed3ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1:\u00a0<\/em>M\u1ed7i t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang b\u1eb1ng nhau h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 14 th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 k\u00ea tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u00d0o\u1ea1n 3:\u00a0<\/em>T\u00c1NH C\u00c1CH C\u00c2U SANH<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p hay t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p, tuy H\u1eefu b\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1eadt h\u1eefu, t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ph\u00e1t sinh, song t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ngang nhau ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1i n\u00e0y sinh c\u00e1i kia. Khi sanh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng sanh, tr\u1ee5, d\u1ecb, di\u1ec7t, c\u00f9ng sanh kh\u1edfi, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y k\u00e8m theo, th\u00ec h\u1eb3n th\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi. Ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1eefu vi n\u00e0y ra, m\u1ed7i s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p sanh kh\u1edfi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed3ng sanh v\u1edbi n\u00f3? M\u1ed7i t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p sanh kh\u1edfi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed3ng sanh v\u1edbi n\u00f3?<\/p>\n

1. T\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch c\u00e2u sanh c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p:\u00a0<\/strong>S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 s\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb trong c\u0103n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ngo\u00e0i kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi s\u01a1n h\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec1u do b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eeda, gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1edf t\u1ea1o (c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n vi tr\u1ea7n) l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. V\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ngay t\u1ef1 m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea1i hay m\u1ed7i c\u1ef1c vi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 h\u00f2a l\u1eabn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i hay c\u00e1c c\u1ef1c vi kh\u00e1c. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u00d0\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y c\u1ef1c vi c\u1ee9ng (c\u1ed1 th\u1ec3) l\u00e0m th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng trong n\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh \u01b0\u1edbt (d\u1ecbch th\u1ec3) c\u1ee7a th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9ng, l\u00e0m sao n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh \u01b0\u1edbt th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd r\u00e3 r\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh n\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eeda n\u00ean \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1 c\u00f3 l\u1eeda v\u0103ng ra, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd t\u00e1nh n\u00f3ng m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1ed1i m\u1ee5c. Trong \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, (\u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c, kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c) c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3, n\u00ean c\u00e2y c\u1ee9ng c\u0169ng lung lay v\u00e0 m\u1edbi l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1eafc, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p n\u00ean m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1ee7y, h\u1ecfa, phong, s\u1eafc, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n t\u01b0\u01a1mg t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh. Suy ra \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

2. T\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch c\u00e2u sanh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m s\u1edf:\u00a0<\/strong>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea tr\u00ean, t\u00e2m s\u1edf g\u1ed3m 46 th\u1ee9, trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c \u00e1c t\u00e1nh c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 k\u00fd t\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 ba t\u00e1nh. V\u1eady, khi t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m s\u1edf thi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, khi t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi \u00e1c t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, khi t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi v\u00f4 k\u00fd t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00f4 k\u00fd c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi. V\u1eady khi t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c kh\u1edfi, c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y th\u1ee9 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi n\u00f3?<\/p>\n

BI\u1ec2U \u00d0\u1ed2 –\u00a0Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/caption>\n
<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n
T\u00e2m V\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/td>\nThi\u1ec7n t\u00e1nh<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
10 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p
\n10 \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c1c t\u00e1nh<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
10 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p
\n8 \u0111\u1ea1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p
\n2 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p
\n10 ti\u1ec3u phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00f4 k\u00fd<\/td>\nH\u1eefu ph\u00fa<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
V\u00f4 ph\u00fa<\/td>\n10 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p
\n8 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u00e1p<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u00d0o\u1ea1n 4: S\u00e1u Nh\u00e2n – B\u1ed1n Duy\u00ean – N\u0103m Qu\u1ea3:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mu\u00f4n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 sanh m\u00e0 di\u1ec7t. Duy\u00ean h\u1ee3p th\u00ec sanh, duy\u00ean t\u00e1n th\u00ec di\u1ec7t, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00e1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n th\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt. V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 bao la, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean c\u0169ng th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u00f3 suy c\u00f9ng manh m\u1ed1i. Song, theo C\u00e2u-x\u00e1 t\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n, b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean, n\u0103m qu\u1ea3, c\u00f2n t\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng Duy th\u1ee9c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 ra b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean, m\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e2n, n\u0103m qu\u1ea3. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n, b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean, n\u0103m qu\u1ea3, c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng C\u00e2u-x\u00e1.<\/p>\n

A. S\u00c1U NH\u00c2N<\/strong><\/p>\n

S<\/strong>\u00e1u nh\u00e2n l\u00e0: N\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng nh\u00e2n, bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e1u d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n hay c\u0103n nh\u00e2n).<\/p>\n

1. N\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c, qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1edf t\u00e1c. N\u0103ng t\u00e1c t\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 d\u1eef ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n. Nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a. H\u1eefu l\u1ef1c n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em>: H\u1eefu l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n c\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00fap c\u00e2y c\u1ecf m\u1ecdc. Ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch h\u1eefu l\u1ef1c n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y; ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

b. V\u00f4 l\u1ef1c n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em>: V\u00f4 l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap g\u00ec c\u1ea3, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho s\u1ef1 sanh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt ph\u00e1t sanh, t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e1 tr\u00ean n\u00fai kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i c\u00e2y l\u00faa m\u1ecdc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, v.v…<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i g\u00ec, n\u00ean c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 l\u1ef1c n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 h\u1eefu vi v\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1eeb t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh n\u00f3, v\u00ec t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecfi:\u00a0<\/em>N\u1ebfu v\u1eady, n\u0103m nh\u00e2n kia c\u0169ng l\u00e0m n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9?<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00e1p\u00a0<\/em>: \u00d0\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec n\u0103m nh\u00e2n kia c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi ch\u00fang l\u00e0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

2. C\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n:\u00a0<\/strong>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3 sau, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c th\u1eddi; nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng gian, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n. C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a. H\u1ed7 vi qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em>: (nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng), kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang r\u1ebd m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh, ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb hai v\u1eadt tr\u1edf l\u00ean n\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0 t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00f3i:\u00a0“C\u00e2y \u0111a c\u1eady th\u1ea7n, th\u1ea7n c\u1eady c\u00e2y \u0111a\u00a0<\/em>“.<\/p>\n

b. \u00d0\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em>: (Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng), m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch m\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. H\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e2n,… tuy kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng chung t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2y l\u00faa, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p nhau m\u1edbi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0 t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00f3i: ”\u00a0Ba c\u00e2y ch\u1ee5m l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh h\u00f2n n\u00fai cao\u00a0<\/em>“.<\/p>\n

3. \u00d0\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n cho s\u1ef1 sanh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0 ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0nh sau, ni\u1ec7m \u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n cho ni\u1ec7m \u00e1c sau, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi s\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eebng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o s\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef n\u00f3i: ”\u00a0C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng m\u00e0i s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh kim\u00a0<\/em>“. \u00d0\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 n\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

4. T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u00e1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu s\u1eafc t\u00e2m, c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng nh\u00e2n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng thu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p t\u01b0 tr\u1ee3 cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh. V\u1eady ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n. Gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nhau m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

5. Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u00a0Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i\u00a0<\/em>. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi qu\u00e1n th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00f2n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf, ch\u1ec9 ra t\u00e1nh quan h\u1ec7 ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3y m\u00f3n: th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn, bi\u00ean ki\u1ebfn, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7, nghi, v\u00f4 minh trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c (phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o) do m\u00ea l\u00fd Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf sinh ra, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n m\u00f3n: t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee7, nghi, v\u00f4 minh trong b\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c (phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o) do m\u00ea l\u00fd T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf sinh ra. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

6. D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n:<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i, kh\u00e1c t\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nhau, ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n. Do nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00f4 k\u00fd. Nh\u01b0 do nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o vui, do nh\u00e2n \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o kh\u1ed5. Nh\u01b0ng vui l\u00e0 vui, kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n s\u1ef1 vui kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o vui kh\u1ed5 l\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c g\u00e2y ra. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p tuy r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i hai lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1eddi. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng gian, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt c\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau, gi\u00fap nhau ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi, nh\u01b0 A-B n\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau sinh t\u1ed3n. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u00fap nhau kh\u1edfi, nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t l\u00faa tr\u01b0\u1edbc sanh c\u00e2y sanh l\u00faa sau.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, hai nh\u00e2n\u00a0c\u00e2u h\u1eefu\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0\u00a0t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng\u00a0<\/em>thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1\u00a0nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi\u00a0<\/em>, d\u00f9 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Ba nh\u00e2n\u00a0\u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i, bi\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c\u00a0<\/em>\u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1\u00a0nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1eddi,\u00a0<\/em>d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u1ea1n h\u1eefu, bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n th\u00ec nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o t\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 n\u00f3i. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eangn\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n bao tr\u00f9m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, d\u1ecb th\u1eddi, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, ngo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt, h\u1eefu vi v\u00f4 vi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n cho nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

B. B\u1ed0N DUY\u00caN<\/strong><\/p>\n

Duy\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7. S\u1ef1 v\u1eadt h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u00ea ch\u1eb1ng ch\u1ecbt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean:<\/p>\n

1. Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean:<\/strong>\u00a0Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh, duy\u00ean l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1i duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n. L\u1ea5y nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m duy\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. N\u00ean trong s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean tr\u1eeb n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

2. \u00d0\u1eb3ng v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n duy\u00ean:\u00a0<\/strong>L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ra trong tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 n\u1ed9i, t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau. N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9ng im kh\u00f4ng m\u1edf l\u1ed1i, th\u00ec hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng sau kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec ch\u00e2n sau kh\u00f4ng d\u1edf l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh \u0111i, \u0111\u1ebfn, n\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0\u00a0khai \u0111\u1ea1o duy\u00ean.\u00a0<\/em>Duy\u00ean n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i duy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

3. S\u1edf duy\u00ean duy\u00ean:<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1edf duy\u00ean, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1ch, trong ngo\u00e0i. C\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m m\u1edbi sinh. Duy\u00ean n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

4. T\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean:<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 c\u00e1i duy\u00ean gi\u00fap th\u00eam t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a.\u00a0Thu\u1eadn t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean:\u00a0<\/em>Duy\u00ean gi\u00fap th\u00eam s\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a gi\u00f3 thu\u1eadn th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hoa m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

b. Ngh\u1ecbch t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean:\u00a0<\/em>Duy\u00ean gi\u00fap th\u00eam m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho l\u1ee5n b\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hoa m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n, ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Xem bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean sau:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00a0<\/caption>\n
S\u00e1u nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n– N\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n
\n– C\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n		V\u00f4 l\u1ef1c<\/td>\n\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H\u1eefu l\u1ef1c<\/td>\n– T\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng
\n– S\u1edf duy\u00ean
\n– \u00d0\u1eb3ng v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n<\/td>\n		B\u1ed1n duy\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
– T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng nh\u00e2n
\n– \u00d0\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n
\n– Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n
\n– D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n		\n
<\/div>\n<\/td>\n
– Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

H\u1ecfi:\u00a0<\/em>Gi\u1eefa s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean c\u00f3 g\u00ec sai kh\u00e1c?<\/p>\n

\u00d0\u00e1p:\u00a0<\/em>N\u00ean bi\u1ebft nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, nh\u1eb1m c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi bi\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ea1n ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ed1i c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a theo t\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n. Song, ph\u1ea1m vi duy\u00ean sanh r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, c\u00f2n s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a sanh m\u1ea1ng, ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 chung c\u1ea3 mu\u00f4n ph\u00e1p. \u00d0\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m sai kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

C. N\u0102M QU\u1ea2<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 duy\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra qu\u1ea3. Qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i l\u1edbn l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

– Qu\u1ea3 h\u1eefu vi, c\u00f3 sanh di\u1ec7t bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb, do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sanh.
\n– Qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 vi, th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa kh\u00f4ng sanh di\u1ec7t, do Th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

1. Qu\u1ea3 h\u1eefu vi:\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a.D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>: t\u1ee9c th\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c vui trong l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o. Qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c do nh\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c trong s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean trong b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh. B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c, b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 vui v\u00f4 k\u00fd. V\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u00fang sanh sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

b.\u00d0\u1eb3ng l\u01b0u qu\u1ea3\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>:\u00a0<\/em>T\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n. T\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0nh sanh ra t\u00e2m sau l\u00e0nh, t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1c sanh ra t\u00e2m sau \u00e1c. \u00d0\u1eb3ng l\u01b0u qu\u1ea3 do \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n, bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n

c.S\u0129 d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>:\u00a0<\/em>S\u0129 l\u00e0 s\u0129 phu, d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 do n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u0129 phu g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u0129 d\u1ee5ng qu\u1ea3. C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

1.\u00a0Nh\u00e2n s\u0129 d\u1ee5ng:\u00a0<\/em>Ch\u1ec9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 tri gi\u00e1c t\u1ea1o ra v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tay ch\u00e2n qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00ednh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u0129 d\u1ee5ng q\u1ee7a.<\/p>\n

2.\u00a0Ph\u00e1p s\u0129 d\u1ee5ng:\u00a0<\/em>Ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 s\u1eafc, t\u00e2m tuy kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay lo\u00e0i c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1o ra qu\u1ea3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 do s\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eadp \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ee1 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n s\u0129 d\u1ee5ng, c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e1 v\u1ee1 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u0129 d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n

d. T\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean<\/strong>:\u00a0\u00a0<\/em>L\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u00ec bi\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y d\u1ee1 hay hay, \u0111\u00e8n s\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u m\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt, \u0111\u00fang hay sai. \u00d0\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

2. Qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 vi:<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m trong n\u0103m qu\u1ea3 t\u1ee9c ly h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3.\u00a0Ly h\u1ec7\u00a0<\/em>l\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ly s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00f4 minh.\u00a0Ly h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3\u00a0<\/em>t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi, l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc khi \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a tham \u00e1i phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o nh\u1edd n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 tu \u0111\u1ea1o. Qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 vi, kh\u00f4ng do s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C PH\u00c1P H\u1eeeU VI DUY\u00caN SANH<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trong 75 ph\u00e1p k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, tr\u1eeb ba ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u0103ng sinh, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1edf sinh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, c\u00f2n 72 ph\u00e1p kia thu\u1ed9c h\u1eefu vi \u0111\u1ec1u theo lu\u1eadt duy\u00ean sinh. Nh\u01b0 11 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean sinh, 47 t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p do b\u1ed1n duy\u00ean sinh, 14 ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh th\u00ec do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean sinh.<\/p>\n

11 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean sinh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ba nh\u00e2n c\u00e2u h\u1eefu, \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c trong s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n trong s\u00e1u nh\u00e2n. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7ng, \u0111\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eeda, gi\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n q\u1ee7a cho nhau m\u00e0 sinh t\u1ed3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ed7 vi qu\u1ea3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n, b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00fat tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00fat sau \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nhau, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i nhau, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1ef1c n\u0103ng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n. S\u1ef1 duy\u00ean sinh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m s\u1edf, b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfu theo \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Si\u00eau H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, PL. 2543 – TL. 1999 *** LU\u1eacN B\u1ea2N II. PH\u1ea8M PH\u00c2N BI\u1ec6T C\u0102N Ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 47 b\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng, chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh: 1) 22 c\u0103n. 2) C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u00e2u sanh. 3) T\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch c\u00e2u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":171764,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[59],"tags":[68,69,64],"yoast_head":"\nLu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 - Ph\u1ea9m 2: Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t C\u0103n - Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/luan-cau-xa-pham-2-phan-biet-can-162567.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 - Ph\u1ea9m 2: Ph\u00e2n Bi\u1ec7t C\u0103n - Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0110\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec7n Si\u00eau H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, PL. 2543 – TL. 1999 *** LU\u1eacN B\u1ea2N II. 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