{"id":164183,"date":"2019-05-09T11:34:02","date_gmt":"2019-05-09T04:34:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/?p=164183"},"modified":"2019-10-02T05:44:20","modified_gmt":"2019-10-02T05:44:20","slug":"nhung-truyen-cam-ung-ve-kinh-dai-phuong-quang-phat-hoa-nghiem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/nhung-truyen-cam-ung-ve-kinh-dai-phuong-quang-phat-hoa-nghiem-164183.html","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eefng Truy\u1ec7n C\u1ea3m \u1ee8ng V\u1ec1 Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt Hoa Nghi\u00eam"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nh\u1eefng Truy\u1ec7n C\u1ea3m \u1ee8ng V\u1ec1 Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt Hoa Nghi\u00eam<\/h2>\n

\u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh C\u1ea3m \u1ee8ng [Truy\u1ec7n, Truy\u1ec1n]<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Hu\u1ec7 Anh so\u1ea1n, H\u1ed3 U Trinh to\u1ea3n<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a\u00a0Ch\u00fac Gi\u1ea3i – Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ea1nh – Di\u1ec7u Tuy\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

***<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1eadp truy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n do s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Anh, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng[2], v\u1ecb s\u1edb ch\u1ee7 kinhHoa nghi\u00eam, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh hai quy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1. Nay k\u1ebb h\u00e8n t\u00f4i tuy l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c, l\u1eddi l\u1ebd v\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh n\u00e0y ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n, n\u00ean m\u1ea1o mu\u1ed9i bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n h\u1ea7u gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a b\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 g\u1eb7p m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed2-T\u00c1T THI\u00caN TH\u00c2N<\/h3>\n

B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Thi\u00ean Th\u00e2n l\u00e0 em c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c[3]. Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Thi\u00ean Th\u00e2n h\u1ecdc theo gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a T\u00e1t-b\u00e0-\u0111a b\u1ed9 (H\u1eefu b\u1ed9); l\u1edbn l\u00ean, tinh th\u00f4ng n\u0103m b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt[4]. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu h\u1ecdc theo Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba[5] v\u00e0 so\u1ea1n n\u0103m tr\u0103m b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01b0\u01a1ng em m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu h\u1ecdc theo \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, m\u00e3i say m\u00ea ca t\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o l\u00ed Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba[6], n\u00ean gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 em. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi em \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1ee5 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch t\u1ea5n, gi\u1ea3ng cho em hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh. Nghe xong, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Thi\u00ean Th\u00e2n l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh m\u00e0 l\u00e2u nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kinh Duy-ma[7], Ph\u00e1p hoa[8], Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n[9], Hoa nghi\u00eam[10] v.v… B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eafng nghe m\u00e0 trong l\u00f2ng vui bu\u1ed3n l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh \u1ea5y su\u1ed1t m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Thi\u00ean Th\u00e2n m\u1edbi tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u1ecf ng\u1ed9, h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba[11] c\u1ee7a kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, n\u00ean x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, tu theo \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y dao b\u00e9n c\u1eaft l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1 t\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khuy\u00ean can:<\/p>\n

– Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, em d\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u1ec3 ca t\u1ee5ng gi\u00e1o l\u00ed Quy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba, b\u00e0i x\u00edch gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Ch\u00e2n th\u1eeba. Nay, em c\u0169ng n\u00ean d\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 khen ng\u1ee3i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Ch\u00e2n th\u1eeba th\u00ec t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i s\u00e2u n\u1eb7ng \u1ea5y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 ti\u00eau tan, \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea7n c\u1eaft l\u01b0\u1ee1i l\u00e0m g\u00ec!<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Thi\u00ean Th\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u00fai, th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. Sau, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba[12], h\u1ec5 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfi b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u1ebfu b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u th\u00ec v\u1eadn th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng bay l\u00ean c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Tri T\u00fac[13] \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec9nh b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t T\u1eeb Th\u1ecb[14] quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n. B\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn v\u1eeba vi\u1ebft xong th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn \u1ea5y ph\u00f3ng ra v\u1ea7ng h\u00e0o quang chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m. Th\u1ea5y v\u1eady, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc vui m\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong truy\u1ec7n V\u00f4 Tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

T\u0102NG LINH BI\u1ec6N NG\u01af\u1edcI TINH CH\u00c2U, \u0110\u1edcI NG\u1ee4Y<\/h3>\n

S\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t gia t\u1eeb thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m v\u00e0o Ph\u1eadt th\u1eeba, chuy\u00ean l\u1ea5y kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0m s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. L\u00fac \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1edb lu\u1eadn, n\u00ean s\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd ch\u1ec9 s\u00e2u m\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kinh nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u1ea7u th\u1ec9nh v\u1ecb n\u00e0o. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u01b0 trang nghi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. Tr\u1ea3i h\u01a1n s\u00e1u n\u0103m kinh h\u00e0nh su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u r\u01b0\u1edbm m\u00e1u, s\u01b0 ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9 gia h\u1ed9, mong hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a uy\u00ean \u00e1o.<\/p>\n

L\u00f2ng ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n, b\u1ed7ng \u0111\u00eam n\u1ecd, s\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1ea3y ch\u1ed7 ch\u00edn h\u1ed9i[15] c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi Hoa Nghi\u00eam. Ngay \u0111\u00f3, s\u01b0 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e2u m\u1ea7u th\u00ec th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i \u1ea5y l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y, tai nghe v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia s\u01b0 ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u th\u00ec nay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, s\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u00fai Ung, huy\u1ec7n T\u00e2y[16], Tinh ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Hoa nghi\u00eam g\u1ed3m 100 quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

SA-M\u00d4N CHI PH\u00c1P L\u0128NH \u0110\u1edcI \u0110\u00d4NG T\u1ea4N<\/h3>\n

S\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t gia t\u1eeb thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, t\u00e2m h\u1ea1nh r\u1ea5t ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh. S\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 th\u1edf than: \u201cSau khi \u0111\u1ea5ng N\u0103ng Nh\u00e2n[17] di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1p suy t\u00e0n\u201d. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u01b0 sang T\u00e2y Thi\u00ean[18] t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u th\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec3n. V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn Vu-\u0111i\u1ec1n[19], s\u01b0 b\u1ed7ng g\u1eb7p Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la, v\u1ecb tam t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba t\u1eeb T\u00e2y Thi\u00ean sang.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la, H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1c Hi\u1ec1n, h\u1ecd Th\u00edch-ca, l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a vua Cam L\u1ed9 Ph\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 ba[20]. Ng\u00e0i \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Hoa b\u1ed9 kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n ba v\u1ea1n s\u00e1u ngh\u00ecn b\u00e0i k\u1ec7. M\u1ed7i khi xem kinh, n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a th\u00f4ng th\u00ec ng\u00e0i l\u00ean cung tr\u1eddi \u0110\u00e2u-su\u1ea5t th\u01b0a h\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Di-l\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n

Sa-m\u00f4n Chi Ph\u00e1p L\u0129nh tha thi\u1ebft th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u tam t\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la t\u1eeb bi truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch b\u1ed9 kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ch\u1ea5n \u0110\u00e1n[21] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec. Thu\u1eadn theo l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u \u1ea5y, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn kinh \u0111\u00f4 v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. M\u1ecdi c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 l\u00fac ng\u00e0i ra v\u00e0o qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i, khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u0103ng s\u1ed1ng chung \u0111\u1ec1u kinh ng\u1ea1c, cho ng\u00e0i l\u00e0 qu\u1ec9. Ch\u00fang t\u0103ng h\u1ecfi tam t\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1p h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ed3i \u01b0?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

– T\u00f4i nay \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp ch\u00fang t\u0103ng \u1edf kinh \u0111\u00f4, t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p y\u1ebft-ma[22], \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u00e0i ra kh\u1ecfi kinh th\u00e0nh. Bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb, tam t\u1ea1ng mang y, b\u00e1t bay l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trung, th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p th\u1ea7n bi\u1ebfn, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c ng\u1ed3i, r\u1ed3i \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam, \u0111\u1ebfn D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2u[23] nh\u01b0 chim bay l\u01b0\u1ee3n gi\u1eefa h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng. Th\u1ea5y v\u1eady, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u0103ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i theo ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 3 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Ngh\u0129a Hi th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n (418), ng\u00e0i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed9 T\u1ecbnh trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean ch\u00f9a T\u1ea1 T\u01b0 Kh\u00f4ng, Ki\u1ebfn Nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Khi s\u1eafp d\u1ecbch kinh, ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed7ng hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ao. M\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed m\u1eb7c \u00e1o xanh t\u1eeb ao b\u01b0\u1edbc ra, v\u00e0o trong ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, qu\u00e9t d\u1ecdn, m\u00e0i m\u1ef1c v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 ng\u00e0i, chi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i th\u00ec tr\u1edf v\u00e0o ao.<\/p>\n

M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n, b\u1ed9 kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u t\u1ea1i long cung \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u r\u1ed3i, nay long v\u01b0\u01a1ng vui m\u1eebng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch kinh n\u00ean \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 ng\u00e0i. Sau, nh\u00e2n vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y n\u00ean ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u00f9a H\u01b0ng Nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb sa-m\u00f4n[24] nh\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Nghi\u1ec7p, Hu\u1ec7 Nghi\u00eam, Hu\u1ec7 Qu\u00e1n v.v… gi\u00fap tam t\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p. Th\u00e1i th\u00fa[25] M\u1ea1nh Kh\u1ea3i \u1edf qu\u1eadn Ng\u00f4, h\u1eefu v\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n Tr\u01b0 Th\u00fac \u0110\u1ed9 v.v… l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 06 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Nguy\u00ean Hi th\u1ee9 hai (420), b\u1ed9 kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch xong, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 12 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u V\u0129nh S\u01a1 th\u1ee9 hai (421) \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Sau, vua T\u1ed1ng th\u1ec9nh tam t\u1ea1ng C\u1ea7u-na-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la[26] gi\u1ea3ng kinh n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng tam t\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n v\u00ec ngh\u0129 m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a th\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n, s\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t h\u1ebft \u00fd ch\u1ec9 kinh v\u0103n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, tam t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng, th\u1ec9nh h\u1ed9i ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng ni\u1ec7m danh hi\u1ec7u b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m. Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y, \u0111\u00eam n\u1ecd, tam t\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, tam t\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng H\u00e1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u201cTam t\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ed5i \u0110\u1ea7u\u201d.<\/p>\n

V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn Quan Trung, tam t\u1ea1ng Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la h\u1ecfi ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 C\u01b0u-ma-la-th\u1eadp[27]:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng kinh lu\u1eadn n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/p>\n

– T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch c\u00e1c kinh Ph\u00e1p hoa, Duy-ma v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 Trung lu\u1eadn, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb m\u00f4n lu\u1eadn…<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eefng kinh, lu\u1eadn th\u1ea7y d\u1ecbch ch\u01b0a xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed5i danh, v\u1eady m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t Quan Trung \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 Tam t\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n l\u00e0 Di\u00eau H\u01b0ng th\u1ec9nh tam t\u1ea1ng Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng cung \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn. Trong s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n ba ngh\u00ecn h\u1ecdc s\u0129[28] ng\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00f2a, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u0103ng n\u1ed5i danh nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1o Sinh, T\u0103ng Tri\u1ec7u, \u0110\u1ea1o Dung, T\u0103ng Du\u1ec7… v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nho n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 T\u1ea1 Linh V\u1eadn, Ph\u00ed Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00f2ng… t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m n\u00eau c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ri\u00eang ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Theo th\u1ea7y, th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1ee9 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 s\u1eafc th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– S\u1eafc v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3, t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u vi tr\u1ea7n th\u00ec th\u00e0nh s\u1eafc, chia ch\u1ebb s\u1eafc th\u00ec th\u00e0nh vi tr\u1ea7n, th\u1ebf n\u00ean n\u00f3i s\u1eafc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y chia ch\u1ebb s\u1eafc th\u00e0nh c\u1ef1c vi th\u00ec g\u1ecdi s\u1eafc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, v\u1eady th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao chia ch\u1ebb c\u1ef1c vi th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea7n[29] \u0111\u1ec3 chia ch\u1ebb s\u1eafc, r\u1ed3i n\u00f3i c\u1ef1c vi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng theo t\u00f4i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– V\u1eady \u00fd th\u1ea7y th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t vi tr\u1ea7n n\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vi tr\u1ea7n, t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u vi tr\u1ea7n n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vi tr\u1ea7n. Vi tr\u1ea7n v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia ch\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp nghe xong, m\u1edd m\u1ecbt ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 n\u00f3i g\u00ec, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi n\u1eefa. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ai hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba m\u00e0 tam t\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ch\u00faa c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ea7n c\u0169ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp, n\u00ean n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– Tam t\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u1eefa, cu\u1ed9c ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn n\u00ean d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Sau khi tam t\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0110\u1ea1o Sinh, T\u0103ng Tri\u1ec7u, B\u1ea3o V\u00e2n v.v… l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecfi cho r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a l\u00ed c\u00e2u n\u00f3i khi n\u00e3y m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u. Tam t\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

– Ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, nh\u01b0ng ta n\u00f3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, c\u00f2n La-th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i th\u00f4i!<\/p>\n

Sau, ng\u00e0i La-th\u1eadp l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, song c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

U Trinh t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa tam t\u1ea1ng Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u00e0-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 La-th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ghi ch\u00e9p v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 sa-m\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea1o H\u00ecnh c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba, v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe tam t\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i, n\u00ean ghi th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] N\u00fai T\u1ee9 Minh (T\u1ee9 Minh s\u01a1n \u56db\u660e\u5c71): n\u00fai n\u1eb1m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc n\u00fai Thi\u00ean thai, thu\u1ed9c ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam huy\u1ec7n Ng\u00e2n, t\u1ec9nh Tri\u1ebft giang, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i gi\u00e1p gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c huy\u1ec7n T\u1eeb Kh\u00ea, Ng\u00e2n, Ph\u1ee5ng H\u00f3a, T\u00e2n X\u01b0\u01a1ng, Th\u1eb7ng, T\u1ee9 Minh, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngu, D\u01b0 Dao\u2026 Chu vi n\u00fai n\u00e0y v\u00e0i tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m, g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n 280 ng\u1ecdn. T\u1eeb x\u01b0a, n\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 danh lam th\u1eafng c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

[2] Ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng (T\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng \u85cf\u516c; 643-712): cao t\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 ba t\u00f4ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam, t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 Hi\u1ec1n Th\u1ee7, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c Nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p s\u01b0, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0, Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea1ng qu\u1ed1c s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

[3] T\u00e2y v\u1ef1c \u897f\u57df: danh t\u1eeb T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c n\u00f3i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c c\u0169ng t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u00f2n danh t\u1eeb T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua khi truy\u1ec1n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9. Trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o nh\u01b0: v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Th\u00f4ng L\u0129nh c\u00f3 Nh\u1ee5c-chi, An T\u1ee9c, Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng-c\u01b0, Ki\u1ec1n-\u0111\u00e0-la, K\u1ebf-t\u00e2n; v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng Th\u00f4ng L\u0129nh c\u00f3 Vu-\u0111i\u1ec1n, Ch\u01b0\u1edbc-c\u00fa-ca, Qui-t\u01b0, S\u01a1-l\u1eb7c, Cao X\u01b0\u01a1ng (nay l\u00e0 Th\u1ed5-l\u1ed7-ph\u1ed3n). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

[4] N\u0103m b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt (ng\u0169 b\u1ed9 \u4e94\u90e8; G\u0111: ng\u0169 b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt): n\u0103m b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a n\u0103m b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m sau Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp di\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0m-v\u00f4-\u0111\u1ee9c b\u1ed9, T\u00e1t-b\u00e0-\u0111a b\u1ed9, Di-sa-t\u1eafc b\u1ed9, Ca-di\u1ebfp-di b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Ma-ha t\u0103ng-k\u00ec b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

[5] Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba \u5c0f\u4e58 (S: H\u012bna-y\u0101na; Cg: Quy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba): c\u1ed7 xe nh\u1ecf, d\u1ee5 cho gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ea1n h\u1eb9p, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u01a1 h\u1ea1 li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec3u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

[6] Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba (\u0110\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u5927\u6559; G\u0111: \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba gi\u00e1o): gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p s\u00e2u xa, vi di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang sinh t\u1eeb b\u1edd phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tu h\u00e0nh l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, Ph\u00e1p hoa…<\/p>\n

[7] Duy-ma \u7dad\u6469 (S: Vimalak\u012brti-nirde\u015ba; Cg: Duy-ma-c\u1eadt s\u1edf thuy\u1ebft kinh, Duy-ma-c\u1eadt kinh, B\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kinh): kinh g\u1ed3m 3 quy\u1ec3n, 14 ph\u1ea9m, do ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u-ma-la-th\u1eadp d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi Dao T\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, t\u1eadp 14. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch kinh n\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Duy-ma \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9. Kinh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2n l\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 s\u0129 t\u1ea1i gia.<\/p>\n

[8] Ph\u00e1p hoa \u6cd5\u83ef (S: Saddharma-pu\u1e47\u1e0dar\u012bka s\u016btra; G\u0111: Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p li\u00ean hoa kinh): kinh g\u1ed3m 7 ho\u1eb7c 8 quy\u1ec3n, 28 ph\u1ea9m, do ng\u00e0i C\u01b0u-ma-la-th\u1eadp d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi H\u1eadu T\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, t\u1eadp 9. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 kinh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. N\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 khai th\u1ecb cho ch\u00fang sinh ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp Ph\u1eadt tri ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng thuy\u1ebft Tam th\u1eeba qui Nh\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt th\u1eeba, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

[9] Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u6d85\u69c3 (S: Mah\u0101-parinirv\u0101\u1e47a-s\u016btra; Cg: \u0110\u1ea1i ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n kinh): kinh g\u1ed3m 40 quy\u1ec3n, do ng\u00e0i \u0110\u00e0m-v\u00f4-s\u1ea5m d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 421 \u0111\u1eddi B\u1eafc L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, t\u1eadp 12. N\u1ed9i dung kinh n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a Nh\u01b0 Lai th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5, ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, h\u1ea1ng xi\u1ec3n-\u0111\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt…<\/p>\n

[10] Hoa nghi\u00eam \u83ef\u56b4 (S: Buddh\u0101vata\u1e43saka-mah\u0101vaipulya-s\u016btra; Cg: \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt hoa nghi\u00eam kinh): b\u1ed9 kinh tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n t\u1ef1 n\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 Lai tuy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n sau khi Ng\u00e0i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i b\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

[11] Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba \u4e00\u4e58 (S: Eka-y\u0101na; Cg: Ph\u1eadt th\u1eeba): ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t gi\u00fap ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

[12] Lu\u1eadn Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba (Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba lu\u1eadn \u5341 \u5730 \u8ad6; G\u0111: Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba kinh lu\u1eadn): lu\u1eadn g\u1ed3m 12 quy\u1ec3n, do ng\u00e0i Th\u1ebf Th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 so\u1ea1n, ng\u00e0i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 L\u01b0u-chi, L\u1eb7c-na-ma-\u0111\u1ec1 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1ng, t\u1eadp 26. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u00fa th\u00edch kinh Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba. N\u1ed9i dung gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c giai v\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, cho r\u1eb1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba dung nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

[13] C\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Tri T\u00fac (Tri T\u00fac thi\u00ean \u77e5\u8db3\u5929; S: Tu\u1e63ita; Cg: \u0110\u00e2u-su\u1ea5t thi\u00ean): t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong s\u00e1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u1edf gi\u1eefa tr\u1eddi D\u1ea1-ma v\u00e0 tr\u1eddi L\u1ea1c Bi\u1ebfn H\u00f3a. C\u00f5i tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai vi\u1ec7n: 1. \u0110\u00e2u-su\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i vi\u1ec7n: tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t s\u1eafp th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt (b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t B\u1ed5 x\u1ee9), nay l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Di-l\u1eb7c; 2. \u0110\u00e2u-su\u1ea5t ngo\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7n: thu\u1ed9c c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean ch\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c, nh\u01b0ng \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

[14] T\u1eeb Th\u1ecb \u6148\u6c0f (S: Maitreya; Cg: Di-l\u1eb7c): v\u1ecb b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Nh\u1ea5t sinh b\u1ed5 x\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u1ee5 k\u00ed th\u00e0nh Ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1c \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

[15] B\u1ea3y ch\u1ed7 ch\u00edn h\u1ed9i (th\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1eedu h\u1ed9i \u4e03\u8655\u4e5d\u6703): ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. B\u1ea3y ch\u1ed7 Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng, \u0111i\u1ec7n Ph\u1ed5 Quang Minh, tr\u1eddi \u0110ao-l\u1ee3i, tr\u1eddi D\u1ea1-ma, tr\u1eddi \u0110\u00e2u-su\u1ea5t, tr\u1eddi Tha H\u00f3a v\u00e0 r\u1eebng Th\u1ec7-\u0111a. Trong b\u1ea3y n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec7n Ph\u1ed5 Quang Minh b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng, \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt nh\u00f3m h\u1ed9i ba l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

[16] Huy\u1ec7n T\u00e2y (T\u00e2y huy\u1ec7n \u897f\u7e23): t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n th\u1eddi x\u01b0a, thu\u1ed9c ph\u00eda nam th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Thi\u00ean Th\u1ee7y, t\u1ec9nh Cam T\u00fac ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

[17] N\u0103ng Nh\u00e2n \u80fd \u4ec1 (S: \u015a\u0101kya; H\u00e2: Th\u00edch-ca): h\u1ecd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c l\u1edbn \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n l\u00e0 b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n, xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c Th\u00edch-ca, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n l\u00e0 Th\u00edch-ca M\u00e2u-ni (S: \u015a\u0101kya-muni).<\/p>\n

[18] T\u00e2y Thi\u00ean \u897f\u5929: ch\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda t\u00e2y Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2y Thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

[19] Vu-\u0111i\u1ec1n \u4e8e\u95d0 (S: Ku-stana; Cg: Vu-\u0111i\u1ec7n, Vu-\u0111\u1ed9n, Kh\u00ea-\u0111an): t\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c x\u01b0a \u1edf T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c, thu\u1ed9c mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00f9ng H\u00f2a-\u0111i\u1ec1n (Khotan) ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

[20] \u0110\u1ecba th\u1ee9 ba (\u0110\u1ec7 tam \u0111\u1ecba \u7b2c\u4e09\u5730; S: Prabh\u0101kar\u012b-bh\u016bmi; Cg: Ph\u00e1t Quang \u0111\u1ecba): \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ee9 ba trong m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecba b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u1edf giai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1edd thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, tu ba hu\u1ec7 v\u0103n, t\u01b0, tu khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00e2n l\u00ed d\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

[21] Ch\u1ea5n \u0110\u00e1n \u9707\u65e6: ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1ecdi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Ch\u1ea5n \u0110\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

[22] Y\u1ebft-ma \u7faf\u78e8 (S: karman): c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ee5 gi\u1edbi, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, k\u1ebft gi\u1edbi, t\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p sinh thi\u1ec7n, di\u1ec7t \u00e1c.<\/p>\n

[23] D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2u \u63da\u6d32: m\u1ed9t trong ch\u00edn ch\u00e2u ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

[24] Sa-m\u00f4n \u6c99\u9580 (S: \u015brama\u1e47a; Hd: t\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, c\u1ea7n t\u1ee9c, b\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o): ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia c\u1ea1o b\u1ecf r\u00e2u t\u00f3c, d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00e2n t\u00e2m, si\u00eang n\u0103ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

[25] Th\u00e1i th\u00fa \u592a\u5b88: ch\u1ee9c quan cao nh\u1ea5t cai tr\u1ecb trong m\u1ed9t qu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

[26] C\u1ea7u-na-b\u1ea1t-\u0111\u00e0-la \u6c42\u90a3\u8dcb\u9640\u7f85 (394-468; S: Gu\u1e47abhadra; Hd: C\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec1n): cao t\u0103ng \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, sang Trung Hoa d\u1ecbch kinh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi L\u01b0u T\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u1ed1n thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, v\u00ec xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ma-ha Di\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

[27] C\u01b0u-ma-la-th\u1eadp \u9ce9\u6469\u7f85\u4ec0 (344-413): cao t\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Qui-t\u01b0, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n nh\u00e0 d\u1ecbch kinh l\u1edbn. Cha m\u1eb9 s\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh, sau \u0111\u1ec1u xu\u1ea5t gia theo \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. S\u01b0 th\u00f4ng minh t\u1eeb thu\u1edf b\u00e9, 7 tu\u1ed5i xin m\u1eb9 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o. Sau S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac, tham h\u1ecdc kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c b\u1eadc danh t\u00fac. S\u01b0 h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng nh\u1edb dai, ti\u1ebfng t\u1ed1t vang kh\u1eafp n\u0103m x\u1ee9 Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac. Khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vua t\u00f4n l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y\u2026 N\u0103m 401, vua Di\u00eau H\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i h\u1ecd L\u1eef, s\u01b0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An. Vua Di\u00eau H\u01b0ng t\u00f4n s\u01b0 l\u00e0m qu\u1ed1c s\u01b0, tr\u1ee5 \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn Ti\u00eau Dao, chuy\u00ean d\u1ecbch kinh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb T\u0103ng Tri\u1ec7u, T\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

[28] H\u1ecdc s\u0129 \u5b78\u58eb: ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

[29] Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea7n \u65b9\u5206: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb: tr\u00ean, d\u01b0\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i, tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 t\u00edch chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng trong kh\u00f4ng gian.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c1P S\u01af HU\u1ec6 C\u1ef0 \u0110\u1edcI B\u1eaeC T\u1ec0<\/h3>\n

Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e1n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c; l\u1edbn l\u00ean, chuy\u00ean tu h\u1ecdc theo kinhHoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i 15-16, s\u01b0 v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam s\u00e1u th\u1eddi, l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i, tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 xao l\u00e3ng. \u0110\u00eam n\u1ecd, s\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n T\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3i v\u1edbi s\u01b0:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt. Ng\u00e0y mai, th\u1ea7y h\u00e3y \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cho thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng minh gi\u00fap th\u1ea7y l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 kinh v\u0103n.<\/p>\n

S\u00e1ng ra, s\u01b0 k\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1m m\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y cho ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng nghe, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01a1m t\u1eafm r\u1eeda, m\u1eb7c y ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, tay b\u01b0ng l\u01b0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5 tam b\u1ea3o, nguy\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 mong c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf l\u00e0, theo l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed, s\u01b0 \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nam, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7m danh hi\u1ec7u b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9. \u0110i d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i d\u1eb7m, s\u01b0 b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ao chu vi kho\u1ea3ng n\u1eeda d\u1eb7m, xung quanh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i hoa, b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 c\u00e2y x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed3[1]. Th\u1ea7m ngh\u0129: \u201cX\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed3 l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng minh\u201d, n\u00ean nh\u1edb l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed, s\u01b0 l\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng ao h\u00e1i x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed3, th\u00ec b\u1ed7ng g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee5c xe. S\u01b0 \u0111em r\u1ec5 c\u00e2y \u1ea5y v\u1ec1 ch\u00f9a, gi\u00e3 m\u1ecbn r\u1ed3i vo th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1i t\u00e1o. V\u1eeba u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o, s\u01b0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u00e2n t\u00e2m nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, tinh th\u1ea7n s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y t\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 v\u1ea1n ch\u1eef. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, s\u01b0 hi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 s\u1edb v\u1ec1 kinh n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ec3n, t\u1ee5ng kinh h\u01a1n n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

C\u01af S\u0128 PH\u00c0N HUY\u1ec0N TR\u00cd<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u V\u0129nh Huy (650-655), \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (618-907), c\u00f3 c\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u00e0n Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00ed l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 20 tu\u1ed5i, c\u01b0 s\u0129 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t n\u0103m b\u1ed9 kinh[2] c\u1ee7a Nho gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 ba t\u1ea1ng[3] c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng chuy\u00ean l\u1ea5y kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0m s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. C\u01b0 s\u0129 s\u1ed1ng trong n\u00fai Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00e2u, ch\u1ec9 \u0103n l\u00e1 t\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

H\u01a1n 60 tu\u1ed5i, c\u01b0 s\u0129 v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i 50, c\u01b0 s\u0129 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01a1i m\u00ecnh \u1edf xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng su\u1ed1i ng\u1ecdt, cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi\u1ebfn cho khu r\u1eebng \u1ea5y ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft tr\u00e1i th\u01a1m ngon m\u00e0 c\u00e2y c\u00e2y tr\u0129u qu\u1ea3, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e1i \u0111em v\u1ec1 v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed7ng m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 m\u01b0a tuy\u1ebft d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, kh\u00e1ch bu\u00f4n qua l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t. Ngay l\u00fac \u1ea5y, th\u1ea7n n\u00fai d\u00e2ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ed3 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt nh\u01b0 s\u1eefa. C\u01b0 s\u0129 u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t mu\u1ed7ng th\u00ec b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3i, tinh th\u1ea7n s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, m\u1eaft s\u00e1ng h\u1eb3n l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu c\u01b0 s\u0129 l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i, tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam th\u00ec \u0111\u00e8n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n ra, n\u1ebfu tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i chim t\u1ee5 t\u1eadp, nghe kinh. Quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n n\u00fai hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n v\u00e2y quanh, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2ng tr\u00e1i ngon, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1 bay kh\u1eafp. \u0110\u00eam n\u1ecd, khi c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111ang t\u1ee5ng kinh, trong mi\u1ec7ng ph\u00f3ng ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u nh\u01b0 v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng, chi\u1ebfu xa h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i d\u1eb7m, ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u kinh ng\u1ea1c. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n theo \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00fai th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y c\u01b0 s\u0129 t\u1ee5ng kinh, trong mi\u1ec7ng ph\u00e1t ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 92 tu\u1ed5i, c\u01b0 s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi. Khi tr\u00e0-t\u00ec[4] th\u00ec r\u0103ng bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh x\u00e1-l\u1ee3i[5], \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n tr\u0103m vi\u00ean, vi\u00ean n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 su\u1ed1t m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng t\u1eaft. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, t\u0103ng t\u1ee5c nh\u1eb7t l\u1ea5y x\u00e1-l\u1ee3i, x\u00e2y th\u00e1p c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

HAI V\u1eca T\u0102NG \u1ede CH\u00d9A THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u V\u0129nh Huy (650-655), t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 hai v\u1ecb t\u0103ng l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o T\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ea9n c\u01b0 trong n\u00fai Th\u00e1i B\u1ea1ch[6]. S\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1o T\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kinh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Ng\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. Hai v\u1ecb l\u1ea5y l\u00e1 c\u00e2y t\u00f9ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam s\u00e1u th\u1eddi l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i, tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng, tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed7ng h\u00f4m n\u1ecd, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0 s\u0129 r\u00e2u t\u00f3c b\u1ea1c ph\u01a1, m\u1eb7c y ph\u1ee5c s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, dung nghi cao l\u1edbn, uy nghi\u00eam, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e1i ch\u00e0o v\u00e0 th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– Con xin th\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u0103ng n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai th\u1ea7y. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng \u0111i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

C\u01b0 s\u0129 th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– Nh\u00e0 con ngh\u00e8o thi\u1ebfu, xin th\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb t\u0103ng h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– V\u1eady \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ec9nh ai?<\/p>\n

– Xin th\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

Theo l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u, s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Ng\u1ed9 \u0111i theo c\u01b0 s\u0129. \u0110i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n tr\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u01b0 s\u0129 bay l\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i h\u1ecfi s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Ng\u1ed9:<\/p>\n

– Sao th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng bay l\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

S\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1nh, l\u00e0m sao bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

C\u01b0 s\u0129 h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng \u01b0?<\/p>\n

S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

C\u01b0 s\u0129 li\u1ec1n t\u1eeb h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 s\u01b0 ng\u1ed3i trong v\u1ea1t \u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u00f3i s\u01b0 nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

L\u00fac \u1ea5y, s\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 nghe b\u00ean tai c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng gi\u00f3 v\u00f9 v\u00f9, trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u1eeda b\u1eefa \u0103n, c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a s\u01b0 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00f3i s\u01b0 m\u1edf m\u1eaft ra. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i n\u00e0o, s\u01b0 nh\u00ecn quanh ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y n\u00fai non h\u00f9ng v\u0129, th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0 c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ecdt l\u00ean. Khi \u1ea5y, c\u01b0 s\u0129 m\u1eddi s\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u00e0. V\u1eeba l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt xong, s\u01b0 b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 n\u0103m tr\u0103m v\u1ecb t\u0103ng l\u1ea1, c\u1ea7m t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng, mang b\u00e1t, t\u1eeb h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng bay xu\u1ed1ng. V\u00ec k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng l\u1ea1, s\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean, li\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng ng\u1ed3i h\u00e0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. C\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3i v\u1edbi s\u01b0:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, sao l\u1ea1i ng\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00e0ng th\u00e1nh nh\u1ecf?<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i xong, c\u01b0 s\u0129 th\u1ec9nh s\u01b0 l\u00ean ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean n\u0103m tr\u0103m v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh. Sau khi th\u1ee5 trai, r\u1eeda tay, s\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh bay l\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 \u0111i. C\u01b0 s\u0129 sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111em ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9p v\u1eadt b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng s\u01b0 v\u00e0 nh\u1edd s\u01b0 ch\u00fa nguy\u1ec7n cho l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. S\u01b0 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n nh\u1edd c\u01b0 s\u0129, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Xin h\u00e3y vui l\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

C\u01b0 s\u0129 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– Con thi\u1ebft trai ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh th\u1ea7y. Tuy c\u00f3 n\u0103m tr\u0103m v\u1ecb a-la-h\u00e1n[7] \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee5 trai nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 g\u1eb7p d\u1ecbp m\u1eddi lu\u00f4n th\u00f4i. Xin th\u1ea7y ch\u00fa nguy\u1ec7n cho l\u00f2ng th\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, con s\u1ebd cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a th\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 c\u0169.<\/p>\n

V\u1eeba ch\u00fa nguy\u1ec7n xong, s\u01b0 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2n c\u00f3 n\u0103m ba \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed kho\u1ea3ng 6, 7 tu\u1ed5i. C\u01b0 s\u0129 g\u1ecdi b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi t\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

– Con h\u00e3y theo h\u1ea7u v\u1ecb ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng t\u1eed li\u1ec1n th\u01b0a s\u01b0:<\/p>\n

– Xin s\u01b0 h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng ra.<\/p>\n

S\u01b0 l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed. \u0110\u1ed3ng t\u1eed nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng s\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i xong, \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u01b0a tay xoa v\u00e0o th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, l\u1ea5y ra m\u1ed9t \u00edt thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng h\u1ea1t m\u00e8, chia l\u00e0m ba vi\u00ean, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a s\u01b0 nu\u1ed1t v\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ed3ng t\u1eed l\u1ea1i th\u01b0a s\u01b0 h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng ra, r\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t ch\u1ee3t bay v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng s\u01b0. Ngay l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, s\u01b0 bay l\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 c\u0169. \u0110ang tr\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng trung, s\u01b0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1oT\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/p>\n

– V\u1eeba r\u1ed3i, nh\u1edd v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean th\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eafc th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u n\u1eefa t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cung: B\u1ed3ng Lai, Kim Khuy\u1ebft, T\u1eed Vi v.v… \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i xong, s\u01b0 Hu\u1ec7 Ng\u1ed9 t\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1o T\u01b0\u1eddng, mang ba y, b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t v\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n kinh th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng, r\u1ed3i bay l\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 \u0111i.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed8T NI S\u01af \u1ede N\u00daI C\u1eecU L\u0168NG<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Hi\u1ec3n Kh\u00e1nh (656-661), \u1edf n\u00fai C\u1eedu L\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ni s\u01b0 chuy\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt th\u1eeba. Ni s\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u00fai, th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec h\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 xao l\u00e3ng. Ni s\u01b0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo kinh v\u0103n tu h\u00e0nh, n\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n an \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m tr\u00ed v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng hu\u1ec7 nh\u00e3n[8], \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Nh\u00e2n-\u0111\u00e0-la v\u00f5ng[9], th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 ch\u00edn h\u1ed9i[10] \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n ra trong v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed8T V\u1eca PH\u1ea0M T\u0102NG<\/h3>\n

Ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u T\u1ed5ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (668), \u1edf T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tam t\u1ea1ng Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng[11] \u0111\u1ebfn Kinh L\u1ea1c[12]. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, vua Cao T\u00f4ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, t\u00f4n s\u01b0 l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y. K\u1ebb t\u0103ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u qui ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam l\u00fac c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5 tam t\u1ea1ng, xin th\u1ee5 gi\u1edbi b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0a v\u1edbi tam t\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ee9a b\u00e9 n\u00e0y t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ngh\u0129a l\u00ed kinh v\u0103n.<\/p>\n

Tam T\u1ea1ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, khen ng\u1ee3i:<\/p>\n

– Gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba trong kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0 t\u1ea1ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ngh\u0129a l\u00ed kinh v\u0103n. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m T\u1ecbnh h\u1ea1nh trong kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee5 th\u00eam gi\u1edbi b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t n\u1eefa. Trong T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c truy\u1ec7n k\u00ed c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cH\u1ec5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd r\u1eeda tay v\u0103ng nh\u1eb1m con ki\u1ebfn, th\u00ec con ki\u1ebfn \u1ea5y m\u1ea1ng chung, s\u1ebd sinh l\u00ean c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110ao-l\u1ee3i[13]; hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft, v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u1ee9a b\u00e9 n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u1eddng ban ph\u00e1p cam l\u1ed9 v\u00f4 sinh cho ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed8T V\u1eca T\u0102NG T\u1ee4NG KINH HOA NGHI\u00caM<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u00ean (674-676 ho\u1eb7c 760-762), \u1edf ch\u00f9a K\u00ednh \u00c1i, L\u1ea1c ch\u00e2u, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng qu\u00ea \u1edf Tr\u1ecbnh ch\u00e2u. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea th\u0103m cha m\u1eb9. V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn Tr\u1ecbnh ch\u00e2u th\u00ec tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i, n\u00ean s\u01b0 ngh\u1ec9 nh\u1edd n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecd. L\u00e1t sau, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u0103ng kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 t\u00ean g\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u00e0o qu\u00e1n \u1ea5y ng\u1ee7 tr\u1ecd. Ch\u1ee7 qu\u00e1n x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t cho v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn sau \u1edf s\u00e1t ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn sau n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 qu\u00e1n:<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb xa \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u1eeba m\u1ec7t v\u1eeba \u0111\u00f3i l\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00d4ng h\u00e3y b\u00e1n cho ba l\u00edt r\u01b0\u1ee3u, m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n[14] th\u1ecbt, bao nhi\u00eau ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea7n t\u0103ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee7, xin h\u00e3y mang \u0111\u1ebfn mau, ch\u1edb c\u00f3 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

Theo l\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 qu\u00e1n mang r\u01b0\u1ee3u th\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u1ea5y \u0103n h\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch. Th\u1ea5y v\u1eady, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u00f9a K\u00ednh \u00c1i n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn, qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ea7y m\u1eb7c ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 c\u01b0 s\u0129 m\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh \u0103n th\u1ecbt, u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5!<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u1ea5y im l\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn canh m\u1ed9t, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng xin n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng, ng\u1ed3i x\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng ngay th\u1eb3ng, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb m\u1edf b\u1ea3n kinh \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt hoa nghi\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00ean kinh, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e2u: \u201cNh\u01b0 th\u1ecb ng\u00e3 v\u0103n, nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Ma-ki\u1ec7t-\u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng\u2026\u201d, th\u00ec hai b\u00ean kh\u00f3e mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00f3ng ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng, khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe th\u00ec r\u01a1i l\u1ec7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y th\u00ec ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m. V\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt c\u0169ng sinh l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, th\u1ea7m ngh\u0129: \u201cTh\u00ec ra v\u1ecb t\u0103ng u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, \u0103n th\u1ecbt kia t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 kinh l\u1edbn th\u1ebf n\u00e0y!\u201d.<\/p>\n

G\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn canh ba, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt v\u1eabn nghe ti\u1ebfng t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t. S\u1eafp h\u1ebft quy\u1ec3n 4, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng trong mi\u1ec7ng c\u00e0ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 h\u01a1n, t\u1ecfa chi\u1ebfu kh\u1eafp c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, xuy\u00ean qua khe h\u1edf, s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00f2ng. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng g\u00ec, n\u00ean cho l\u00e0 \u201cV\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch kia sao kh\u00f4ng t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n, l\u00e0m hao d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 qu\u00e1n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nh\u00e0 v\u1ec7 sinh, nh\u00ecn qua th\u00ec th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng ph\u00f3ng ra t\u1eeb hai b\u00ean kh\u00f3e mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u0103ng. V\u1ecb t\u0103ng t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec3n 5 th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n th\u00e2u l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o trong mi\u1ec7ng. V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn canh n\u0103m th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5ng xong quy\u1ec3n 6, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng m\u1edbi n\u1eb1m ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

L\u00e1t sau, tr\u1eddi s\u00e1ng, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u00ec lu\u1eadt h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn, r\u01a1i l\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng t\u1ee5ng kinh, n\u0103m v\u00f3c[15] s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t, c\u1ea7u xin s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7i khinh ch\u00ea b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh, mong t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

HAI V\u1eca PH\u1ea0M T\u0102NG<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Nghi Ph\u1ee5ng (676-679), \u1edf T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c c\u00f3 hai v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00fai Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i[16]. Hai v\u1ecb mang theo hoa sen v\u00e0 b\u01b0ng l\u01b0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai v\u1eeba \u0111i v\u1eeba l\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5 b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, hai v\u1ecb g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ni s\u01b0 \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf m\u00e2y \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i t\u00f9ng trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 mi\u1ec7ng t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, tr\u1eddi s\u1eafp t\u1ed1i, ni s\u01b0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi hai v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng:<\/p>\n

– Ni kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7 chung v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i t\u0103ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00ean \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0y mai h\u00e3y tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb t\u0103ng n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– N\u00fai non s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1 xa x\u00f4i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00e1 t\u00fac n\u01a1i n\u00e0o. Xin ni s\u01b0 cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u1ec9 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Ni s\u01b0 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111i th\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd v\u00e0o n\u00fai s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Nghe v\u1eady, hai v\u1ecb do d\u1ef1, v\u1eeba x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 v\u1eeba lo s\u1ee3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u. Ni s\u01b0 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– C\u1ee9 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Theo l\u1eddi ni s\u01b0, hai v\u1ecb t\u0103ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, th\u00ec qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch ch\u1ed7 ni s\u01b0 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n n\u0103m d\u1eb7m. Hai v\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m ch\u1eafp tay, b\u01b0ng l\u01b0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb xa h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5, r\u1ed3i nhi\u1ebfp ni\u1ec7m nghe ti\u1ebfng t\u1ee5ng kinh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf b\u00ean tai.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ni s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00ean kinh, k\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ee5ng: \u201cNh\u01b0 th\u1ecb ng\u00e3 v\u0103n…\u201d, th\u00ec t\u1eeb xa hai v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ni s\u01b0 \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf, m\u1eb7t nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng nam, trong mi\u1ec7ng ph\u00f3ng ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng, chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00fai ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc; t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y t\u1ecfa kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda nam hang n\u00fai, chu vi kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eb7m, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec ban ng\u00e0y; t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec3n 4 th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n th\u00e2u l\u1ea1i; \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec3n 6 th\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y m\u1ea5t h\u1eb3n v\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng ni s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea9m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 trong kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam ghi: \u201c\u1ede ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u1ea5n \u0110\u00e1n c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t l\u00e0 n\u00fai Thanh L\u01b0\u01a1ng[17], l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00f3 b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i[18] c\u00f9ng h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n v\u1ecb b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp\u201d. N\u00fai \u1ea5y l\u00e0 n\u00fai Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i, thu\u1ed9c ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc Tri\u1ebft ch\u00e2u, ph\u00eda nam \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u[19].<\/p>\n

Kinh Th\u1ee7-l\u0103ng-nghi\u00eam tam-mu\u1ed9i ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Long Ch\u1ee7ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u00f4n V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9\u201d.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, kinh \u01af\u01a1ng-qu\u1eadt-ma-la ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Ma Ni B\u1ea3o T\u00edch \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Hoan H\u1ec9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng\u201d.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb ni s\u01b0 th\u1ea7n di\u1ec7u \u1ea5y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 h\u00f3a th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9 \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u1ecb cho hai v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] X\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed3 \u83d6\u84b2: t\u00ean m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u00f9i th\u01a1m, m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean n\u00fai, d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m v\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

[2] N\u0103m b\u1ed9 kinh (ng\u0169 kinh \u4e94\u7d93): n\u0103m b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Nho gi\u00e1o, g\u1ed3m kinh Thi, kinh Th\u01b0, kinh D\u1ecbch, kinh L\u1ec5 v\u00e0 kinh Xu\u00e2n Thu.<\/p>\n

[3] Ba t\u1ea1ng (tam t\u1ea1ng \u4e09\u85cf; S: tr\u012b\u1e47i pi\u1e6dak\u0101ni; Cg: tam ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1ng): kinh t\u1ea1ng, lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

[4] Tr\u00e0-t\u00ec \u837c\u6bd8 (S: jh\u0101peti; Cg: \u0111\u1ed3-t\u00ec, x\u00e0-t\u00ec): thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t t\u1eed thi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i di c\u1ed1t, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00ed x\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

[5] X\u00e1-l\u1ee3i \u820d\u5229 (S: \u015bar\u012bra): di c\u1ed1t. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 cho di c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, v\u1ec1 sau c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 cho x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i sau khi thi\u00eau nh\u1ee5c th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a cao t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

[6] N\u00fai Th\u00e1i B\u1ea1ch (Th\u00e1i B\u1ea1ch s\u01a1n \u592a\u767d\u5c71): n\u00fai \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng nam huy\u1ec7n Mi, t\u1ec9nh Thi\u1ec3m T\u00e2y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

[7] A-la-h\u00e1n (la-h\u00e1n \u7f85\u6f22; S: arhat; Hd: \u1ee9ng c\u00fang): b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c, t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c trong ba c\u00f5i, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn tr\u00ed, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

[8] Hu\u1ec7 nh\u00e3n \u60e0\u773c (S: praj\u00f1\u0101-cak\u1e63us; Cg: tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e3n): m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng thanh v\u0103n, duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

[9] Nh\u00e2n-\u0111\u00e0-la v\u00f5ng \u56e0\u9640\u7f85\u7db2 (S: Indra-j\u0101la; Cg: Thi\u00ean \u0110\u1ebf v\u00f5ng, \u0110\u1ebf v\u00f5ng): l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e1u d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 trang nghi\u00eam cung \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch. M\u1ed7i m\u1eaft l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 k\u1ebft b\u1ea3o ch\u00e2u, nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed7i h\u1ea1t b\u1ea3o ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e1nh hi\u1ec7n h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t b\u1ea3o ch\u00e2u kh\u00e1c. V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o ch\u00e2u ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu l\u1eabn nhau, \u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng. Kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam d\u00f9ng Nh\u00e2n-\u0111\u00e0-la v\u00f5ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 cho \u00fd ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eadp, tr\u00f9ng tr\u00f9ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

[10] Ch\u00edn h\u1ed9i (c\u1eedu h\u1ed9i \u4e5d\u6703): ch\u00edn h\u1ed9i thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, t\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. Kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam b\u1ea3n T\u00e2n d\u1ecbch g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 Th\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 c\u1eedu h\u1ed9i, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n C\u1ef1u d\u1ecbch g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 b\u00e1t h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n

[11] Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng \u68b5\u50e7: ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng tu h\u00e0nh gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh. V\u1ec1 sau, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 chung cho gi\u1edbi t\u0103ng s\u0129.<\/p>\n

[12] Kinh L\u1ea1c \u4eac\u6d1b: t\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

[13] C\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110ao-l\u1ee3i (\u0110ao-l\u1ee3i thi\u00ean \u5fc9\u5229\u5929; S: Tr\u0101yastri\u1e43\u015ba; Cg: Tam Th\u1eadp Tam thi\u00ean): t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ba v\u1ecb thi\u00ean t\u1eed, t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai trong s\u00e1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

[14] C\u00e2n \u65a4: \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u1eb1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u l\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

[15] N\u0103m v\u00f3c (ng\u0169 th\u1ec3 \u4e94\u9ad4): \u0111\u1ea7u, hai tay v\u00e0 hai g\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

[16] N\u00fai Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i (Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i s\u01a1n \u4e94\u81fa\u5c71): n\u00fai \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc huy\u1ec7n Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u00fai n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u00fai Nga Mi, Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0 v\u00e0 C\u1eedu Hoa g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i linh s\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00ec n\u0103m ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai n\u00e0y cao ch\u00f3t v\u00f3t, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u1eebng c\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i ra nh\u01b0 n\u0103m c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e0i n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i s\u01a1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng x\u01b0a nay b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n

[17] N\u00fai Thanh L\u01b0\u01a1ng (Thanh L\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01a1n \u6e05\u6dbc\u5c71): t\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u00fai Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i \u1edf t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng quanh n\u0103m, m\u00f9a h\u1ea1 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng b\u1ee9c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thanh L\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

[18] V\u0103n-th\u00f9-s\u01b0-l\u1ee3i \u6587\u6b8a\u5e2b\u5229: v\u1ecb b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c, V\u0103n-th\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca giao ph\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i n\u00fai Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

[19] \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u5cb1\u6d32: t\u00ean n\u00fai, t\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u1ecdn Th\u00e1i s\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

TAM T\u1ea0NG NH\u1eacT CHI\u1ebeU<\/h3>\n

Ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00f9y C\u1ee7ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (685), c\u00f3 tam t\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt Chi\u1ebfu[1], ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac, t\u1eeb xa \u0111em kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, vua Cao T\u00f4ng (650-683) ban chi\u1ebfu m\u1eddi s\u01b0 tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean[2] v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c[3] \u1edf kinh \u0111\u00f4 c\u00f9ng d\u1ecbch h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed9 kinh nh\u01b0: \u0110\u1ea1i hoa nghi\u00eam, M\u1eadt nghi\u00eam v.v… C\u00e1c v\u1ecb sa-m\u00f4n nh\u01b0: \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh, B\u1ea1c Tr\u1ea7n, Vi\u00ean Tr\u1eafc[4], Huy\u1ec1n \u1ee8ng[5] v.v… ch\u1ee9ng ngh\u0129a[6]; sa-m\u00f4n Ph\u1ee9c L\u1ec5[7], T\u01b0 Huy\u1ec1n v.v… ghi ch\u00e9p; sa-m\u00f4n Hu\u1ec7 Tr\u00ed v.v… d\u1ecbch ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam c\u0169ng \u1edf ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y, nh\u00e2n l\u00fac \u0111ang phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, m\u1edbi h\u1ecfi tam t\u1ea1ng Nh\u1eadt Chi\u1ebfu:<\/p>\n

– \u1ede T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n, b\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o[8] \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn Nam Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o. Ban \u0111\u00eam, b\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o xin ng\u1ee7 nh\u1edd trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 h\u01a1n s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0m s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. H\u1ecd th\u1ec9nh b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9 l\u00e0m v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda. N\u1ebfu trong ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng n\u00e0o vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch, th\u00ec ch\u00fang t\u0103ng t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c cho gi\u00e1c linh v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh v\u1ec1 c\u00f5i Ph\u1eadt. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang t\u0103ng nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ed1t h\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, r\u1ed3i m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb t\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3a. Ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u1ea5y v\u1ed1n do chim lu\u00e2n-gi\u00e0[9] \u0111em v\u1eadt b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ra c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t. Nh\u1edd ch\u00fang t\u0103ng t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, n\u00ean con chim \u1ea5y sau khi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh v\u1ec1 c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thu\u1eadt h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

QU\u00c1CH TH\u1ea6N L\u01af\u1ee2NG<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00f9y C\u1ee7ng th\u1ee9 ba (687), ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam gi\u1ea3ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb \u00c2n[10]. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, s\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0m Di\u1ec5n, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u1edf c\u00f9ng ch\u00f9a, m\u1edf ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i v\u00f4 gi\u00e0[11] \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1n th\u00e1n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 sau, ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a S\u00f9ng Ph\u00fac[12], l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn hai \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 B\u1ea1c Tr\u1ea7n. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 B\u1ea1c Tr\u1ea7n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

– M\u00f9a h\u1ea1 n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e0n vi\u1ec7t Qu\u00e1ch Th\u1ea7n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf ph\u01b0\u1eddng Hi\u1ec1n An \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0o ch\u00f9a l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt. G\u1eb7p t\u00f4i, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u201cB\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i ch\u1ebft gi\u1ea5c, r\u1ed3i trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc th\u00ec s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Khi \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 vua B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1eb3ng. Sau khi h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i-ph\u00fac, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed9i, vua giao t\u00f4i cho s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. S\u1eafp v\u00e0o ng\u1ee5c, t\u00f4i b\u1ed7ng g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u0103ng. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \u2018T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n d\u1ea1y \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u00f4ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed5 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c\u2019. Khi \u1ea5y, qu\u00e1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, t\u00f4i xin v\u1ecb t\u0103ng c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap, mau ban cho b\u00e0i k\u1ec7. V\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft r\u00f5<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/p>\n

N\u00ean qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 v\u1ea7y<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 Lai do t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Nghe v\u1eady, t\u00f4i nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n. Nh\u1edd b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5, kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c\u201d.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y l\u00e0 do \u0111\u00e0n-vi\u1ec7t k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft, b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3nh kh\u1ed5 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 B\u1ea1c Tr\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

– B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong h\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u, lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 B\u1ea1c Tr\u1ea7n ch\u01b0a nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tin l\u1eddi ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng, m\u1edbi t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea9m Th\u1eadp h\u1ea1nh th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea9m Th\u1eadp H\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 B\u1ea1c Tr\u1ea7n khen:<\/p>\n

– V\u1eeba nghe m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ngh\u00ecn v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ed5, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec tr\u1ecdn b\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t ngh\u0129a l\u00ed s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 kinh \u01b0?<\/p>\n

TAM T\u1ea0NG PH\u00c1P S\u01af L\u1eb6C-NA<\/h3>\n

Ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00f9y C\u1ee7ng th\u1ee9 ba (687), t\u00ec-kheo Hu\u1ec7 Anh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a T\u1eeb \u00c2n nghe ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. Sau bu\u1ed5i gi\u1ea3ng, t\u00ec-kheo Hu\u1ec7 Anh \u0111i kinh h\u00e0nh quanh vi\u1ec7n, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7n phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch th\u00ec c\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Ho\u1eb1ng Ch\u00ed \u1edf ch\u00f9a T\u1eeb \u00c2n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Quang \u1edf ch\u00f9a S\u1edf Qu\u1ed1c. Ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c: \u201c\u1ede T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c c\u00f3 tam t\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 L\u1eb7c-na[13], H\u00e1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 B\u1ea3o \u00dd, gi\u1ea3ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, b\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng \u0111oan nghi\u00eam, quanh th\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5 tam t\u1ea1ng ngay gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 do \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch[14] \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110ao-l\u1ee3i sai xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 l\u00ean cung tr\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. K\u00ednh xin ng\u00e0i th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u0111i theo ch\u00fang con.<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1ea3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u01b0a xong, n\u00ean ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 \u0111i theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ee3i gi\u1ea3ng xong, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd thu\u1eadn theo l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u th\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Khi n\u00e0o ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng xong?<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– C\u00f2n hai quy\u1ec3n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– Xin ng\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng mau cho xong s\u1edbm, ch\u00fang con s\u1ebd xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3n ng\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi, hai v\u1ecb \u1ea5y b\u1ed7ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ebfn khi gi\u1ea3ng xong, tam t\u1ea1ng v\u1eeba g\u1ea5p quy\u1ec3n kinh l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean t\u00f2a cao v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng[15] Ph\u1ea1m \u00e2m, duy-na[16] v.v… c\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ecb t\u1ecbch, theo s\u1ee9 l\u00ean cung \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch, gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i, khen ng\u1ee3i y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a kinh \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba\u201d.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft, ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt Hoa nghi\u00eam d\u00f9 \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi hay c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ai ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea0O S\u0128 H\u1ed2I T\u00c2M<\/h3>\n

Ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Thi\u00ean Th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (690), ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam v\u1ec1 th\u0103m b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ebfn T\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2u, c\u00e1c quan tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00e2u, huy\u1ec7n \u0111em h\u01b0\u01a1ng hoa ra ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh nghinh \u0111\u00f3n. \u0110\u1ebfn ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Thi\u00ean Th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 hai (691), c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u1ec9nh s\u01b0 gi\u1ea3ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam v\u00e0 trong l\u00fac thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, s\u01b0 c\u00f3 lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh-t\u00e0.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u01b0a v\u1edbi v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 Ho\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e1n:<\/p>\n

– V\u1ecb gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 \u1edf ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a ph\u00eda b\u1eafc ch\u00ea bai \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Nghe v\u1eady, v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn. S\u00e1ng s\u1edbm h\u00f4m sau, \u00f4ng ta d\u1eabn theo h\u01a1n ba m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1eafc m\u1eb7t h\u1ea7m h\u1ea7m, mi\u1ec7ng tu\u00f4n l\u1eddi th\u00f4 l\u1ed7, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi s\u01b0:<\/p>\n

– \u00d4ng h\u00e3y gi\u1ea3ng kinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111i! Sao l\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o gi\u00e1o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i?<\/p>\n

S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n hay ch\u00ea bai \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb qu\u00e1n ch\u1ee7 h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– V\u1eady th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng \u01b0?<\/p>\n

S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1o s\u0129 l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng?<\/p>\n

S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i hai \u0111\u1ebf: ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf[17] v\u00e0 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf[18]. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i theo ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng kia; kh\u00f4ng ta, kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi; ch\u1eb3ng s\u1ea1ch, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u01a1; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00eca, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i theo t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf, th\u00ec c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 \u00e1c; c\u00f3 cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ea5p; c\u00f3 t\u00e0, c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1o s\u0129 \u0111u\u1ed1i l\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, trong l\u00f2ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n gi\u1eadn ch\u01b0a ngu\u00f4i, n\u00ean bu\u00f4ng l\u1eddi ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Nh\u01b0 Lai. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ng\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, \u00f4ng ta th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, r\u1eeda m\u1eb7t, r\u1eeda tay, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd r\u00e2u t\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ee5ng, gh\u1ebb l\u1edf m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7y ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ngay \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn, qui k\u00ednh ba ng\u00f4i b\u00e1u[19], ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m bi\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng chuy\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n hai n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0a xong, b\u1ed7ng r\u00e2u t\u00f3c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i, gh\u1ebb l\u1edf tr\u00ean m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng l\u00e0nh h\u1eb3n.<\/p>\n

T\u0103ng t\u1ee5c \u1edf T\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00f4ng nghe th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] Nh\u1eadt Chi\u1ebfu \u65e5\u7167 (613-687; S: Div\u0101kara; H\u00e2: \u0110\u1ecba-b\u00e0-ha-la): danh t\u0103ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 676-678. S\u01b0 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t tam t\u1ea1ng, gi\u1ecfi ng\u0169 minh\u2026 \u0110\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 685-688, s\u01b0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c d\u1ecbch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n nh\u01b0: Ph\u1ea9m Nh\u1eadp ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam\u2026 g\u1ea7n 18 b\u1ed9, 34 quy\u1ec3n. S\u01b0 th\u1ecb t\u1ecbch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 687 \u1edf ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 75 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

[2] Ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean \u592a\u539f\u5bfa: t\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a l\u1edbn \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An, L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Kinh ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 s\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt Chi\u1ebfu \u1edf l\u00e0 ch\u00f9a \u1edf L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ng\u1ee5y Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1ef1, \u0110\u1ea1i Chu \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1ef1, \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Ti\u00ean t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

[3] \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c \u5927\u5fb7 (S: bhadanta): t\u1eeb t\u00f4n x\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt, b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c cao t\u0103ng \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1eeb \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c\u201d d\u00f9ng t\u00f4n x\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 cung k\u00ednh. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi T\u00f9y, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

[4] Vi\u00ean Tr\u1eafc \u5713\u6e2c (613-696): cao t\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, thu\u1ed9c t\u00f4ng Ph\u00e1p T\u01b0\u1edbng, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed9c T\u00e2n La (Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean), h\u1ecd Kim, t\u00ean V\u0103n H\u00f9ng. N\u0103m 15 tu\u1ed5i, s\u01b0 du h\u1ecdc \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t th\u1edd c\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p Th\u01b0\u1eddng, T\u0103ng Bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y. Sau, g\u1eb7p ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, m\u1edf d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u01b0 v\u00e2ng ch\u1ec9 tham d\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Khuy C\u01a1, Ph\u1ed5 Quang, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi… S\u01b0 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t tham h\u1ecdc, phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i Nh\u1eadt Chi\u1ebft, \u0110\u1ec1 V\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ee9ng ngh\u0129a. S\u01b0 th\u1ecb t\u1ecbch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 696, th\u1ecd 84 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

[5] Huy\u1ec1n \u1ee8ng \u7384\u61c9: danh t\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng nh\u1edb dai, r\u1ea5t am t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n \u00e2m v\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u0103n t\u1ef1 hu\u1ea5n c\u1ed5. N\u0103m 645, ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng t\u1eeb T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u01b0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi tham d\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch kinh.<\/p>\n

[6] Ch\u1ee9ng ngh\u0129a \u8b49\u7fa9: m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u0103n ngh\u0129a Ph\u1ea1n v\u0103n trong d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

[7] Ph\u1ee9c L\u1ec5 \u8907\u79ae (Cg: Ph\u1ee5c L\u1ec5): cao t\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh thanh cao, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi tr\u1ecdng v\u1ecdng. S\u01b0 t\u1eebng v\u00e2ng l\u1ec7nh vua tham d\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Hi\u1ec1n Th\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng. S\u01b0 c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng, \u0110\u1ea1o Th\u00e0nh d\u1ecbch ph\u1ea9m Nh\u1eadp ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

[8] B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o \u8ca7\u9053 (S: \u015brama\u1e47a; H\u00e2: sa-m\u00f4n, sa-m\u00f4n-na; Hd: c\u1ea7n t\u1ee9c, tu \u0111\u1ea1o): ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia c\u1ea1o b\u1ecf r\u00e2u t\u00f3c, d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00e2n t\u00e2m, si\u00eang n\u0103ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

[9] Lu\u00e2n-gi\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u \u8f2a\u4f3d\u9ce5 (S: krau\u00f1ca; Cg: c\u00e2u-lu\u00e2n-x\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3u): m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i chim thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f2 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

[10] Ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb \u00c2n (\u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb \u00c2n t\u1ef1 \u5927\u6148\u6069\u5bfa; Cg: T\u1eeb \u00c2n t\u1ef1): ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a c\u1ed5 \u1edf Th\u00e0nh Nam, huy\u1ec7n T\u00e2y An, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, do th\u00e1i t\u1eed Tr\u1ecb (Cao T\u00f4ng) x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o t\u1eeb \u00e2n cho m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu V\u0103n \u0110\u1ee9c. Ch\u00f9a c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn gian, trang nghi\u00eam h\u00f9ng v\u0129. Khi ch\u00f9a x\u00e2y xong, th\u00e1i t\u1eed \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt, r\u1ed3i ban s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh cho \u0111\u1ed9 ba tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia l\u00e0m t\u0103ng, th\u1ec9nh ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecda, bi\u1ec7t th\u1ec9nh n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c. Vi\u1ec7n d\u1ecbch kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edd kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00e1-l\u1ee3i do ng\u00e0i Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng \u0111em t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1ec1. Sau \u0111\u00f3, vua x\u00e2y th\u00eam th\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i Nh\u1ea1n cao n\u0103m t\u1ea7ng theo ki\u1ec3u T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t gi\u1eef kinh Ph\u1eadt ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i tam t\u1ea1ng A-\u0111\u1ecba-c\u00f9-\u0111a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac th\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 sang.<\/p>\n

[11] Ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i v\u00f4-gi\u00e0 (v\u00f4-gi\u00e0 h\u1ed9i \u7121\u906e\u6703; S: pa\u00f1ca-v\u0101r\u1e63ika maha; H\u00e2: ban-gi\u00e0-vu-s\u1eaft h\u1ed9i): ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e0i th\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p th\u00ed m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh, t\u0103ng t\u1ee5c, sang h\u00e8n, tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

[12] Ch\u00f9a S\u00f9ng Ph\u00fac (S\u00f9ng Ph\u00fac t\u1ef1 \u5d07\u798f\u5bfa; Cg: Ng\u1ee5y Qu\u1ed1c T\u00e2y t\u1ef1): ch\u00f9a \u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An, t\u1ec9nh Thi\u1ec3m T\u00e2y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, vua nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t n\u0103m ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a \u1edf t\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2u, Kinh Nam, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, T\u00e2y kinh v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng kinh \u0111\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p n\u01a1i kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho c\u1ea3 n\u0103m ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a. Ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean \u1edf T\u00e2y kinh do quan th\u1ecb trung Qu\u00e1n Qu\u1ed1c C\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Cung Nh\u00e2n, b\u00e0 con b\u00ean ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a V\u0169 H\u1eadu T\u1eafc Thi\u00ean s\u1eeda nh\u00e0 c\u0169 th\u00e0nh ch\u00f9a v\u00e0o n\u0103m 670, sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u00f9ng tu \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ng\u1ee5y Qu\u1ed1c T\u00e2y t\u1ef1. N\u0103m 690 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u00f9a S\u00f9ng Ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n

[13] L\u1eb7c-na \u52d2\u90a3 (S: Ratnamati; G\u0111: L\u1eb7c-na-ma-\u0111\u1ec1, L\u1eb7c-na-b\u00e0-\u0111\u1ec1): cao t\u0103ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u1ecbch kinh v\u00e0o th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y. S\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c uy\u00ean b\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 l\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

[14] \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch \u5e1d\u91cb (S: \u015aakra Dev\u0101n\u0101m-indra): vua c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110ao-l\u1ee3i, m\u1ed9t trong m\u01b0\u1eddi hai v\u1ecb tr\u1eddi tr\u1ea5n gi\u1eef ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f4ng, chuy\u00ean th\u1ee7 h\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

[15] \u0110\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng \u90fd\u8b1b (Cg: \u0111\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0): ch\u1ee9c t\u0103ng trong h\u1ed9i gi\u1ea3ng kinh lu\u1eadn. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi Ng\u1ee5y T\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 sau, trong Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n khai \u0111\u00e0n gi\u1ea3ng kinh th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0\u1edbng kinh, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0\u1edbng kinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4 gi\u1ea3ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

[16] Duy-na \u7dad\u90a3 (Cg: \u0111\u00f4 duy-na, duy\u1ec7t ch\u00fang, t\u01b0 h\u1ed9, tri s\u1ef1): m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c t\u0103ng quan v\u00e0o th\u1eddi B\u1eafc Ng\u1ee5y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u1ee9c quan n\u00e0y qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 lo li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang trong ch\u00f9a.<\/p>\n

[17] Ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf \u771f\u8ae6 (S: param\u0101rtha-satya; Cg: \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf; \u0110l: t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf): ch\u00e2n l\u00ed s\u00e2u xa huy\u1ec1n di\u1ec7u, v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

[18] T\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf \u4fd7\u8ae6 (S: sa\u1e41v\u1e5bti-satya; Cg: th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebf; \u0110l: ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebf): l\u00ed sinh di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thuy\u1ebft minh t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn theo s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n

[19] Ba ng\u00f4i b\u00e1u (tam b\u1ea3o \u4e09 \u5bf6; S: Tri-ratna, ratha-traya; Cg: tam t\u00f4n): Ph\u1eadt, ph\u00e1p, t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

TH\u00c1I H\u1eacU V\u00d5 T\u1eaeC THI\u00caN M\u1ede D\u1ecaCH TR\u01af\u1edcNG<\/h3>\n

Ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00e1nh L\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (698), th\u00e1i h\u1eadu T\u1eafc Thi\u00ean[1] ban chi\u1ebfu m\u1eddi tam t\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadt-xoa-nan-\u0111\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vu-\u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch kinhHoa nghi\u00eam t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee5 K\u00ed[2] \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4[3]. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, sa-m\u00f4n Ph\u1ee5c L\u1ec5 nhu\u1eadn v\u0103n, ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng ghi ch\u00e9p, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb sa-m\u00f4n Chi\u1ebfn-\u0111\u00e0, \u0110\u1ec1-b\u00e0 v.v… chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef, sa-m\u00f4n Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o, Ho\u1eb1ng C\u1ea3nh, Ba-l\u00f4n, Hu\u1ec7 Nghi\u1ec5m, Kh\u1eed Tr\u1ea7n v.v… th\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ngh\u0129a. C\u00e1c quan th\u00e1i s\u1eed[4], th\u00e1i t\u1eed trung x\u00e1[5] \u01afng Ph\u00fac, v\u1ec7 s\u1ef1 tham qu\u00e2n[6] Vu S\u01b0 D\u1eadt v.v… c\u00f9ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch. Tham d\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a tam t\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadt-xoa-nan-\u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ee9c… t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Bi\u1ebfn Kh\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i, th\u00e1i h\u1eadu \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n ng\u1ef1 ph\u00e1p t\u00f2a, vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi t\u1ef1a v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c san \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00eam \u1ea5y, th\u00e1i h\u1eadu m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a cam l\u1ed9. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn canh n\u0103m, qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u01b0a ph\u00f9n v\u00e0 m\u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong ao \u1edf s\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1eddn ho\u00e0ng cung m\u1ecdc l\u00ean m\u1ed9t hoa sen tr\u0103m c\u00e1nh, c\u00e0nh xanh, b\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecf, h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m ng\u00e0o ng\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1eb9p tuy\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Hoa sen c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 hoa sen \u1edf nh\u00e2n gian c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1nh, hai l\u00e0 hoa sen \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u0103m c\u00e1nh, ba l\u00e0 hoa sen \u1edf T\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 ngh\u00ecn c\u00e1nh. Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu ngh\u0129: \u201cNay trong v\u01b0\u1eddn ho\u00e0ng cung m\u1ecdc l\u00ean hoa sen tr\u0103m c\u00e1nh, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 hoa \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi\u201d, n\u00ean th\u00e1i h\u1eadu vui m\u1eebng, cho l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n trong vi\u1ec7c phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu ra l\u1ec7nh b\u1ebb hoa, r\u1ed3i sai trung quan[7] \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee5 K\u00ed. Ch\u00fang t\u0103ng c\u1ea3 ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee5 K\u00ed v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Th\u1eadp \u1edf ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea1i V\u00e2n, Ho\u00e0i ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y. Ai c\u0169ng k\u00ednh tin, khen l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u1ea1, hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 8 th\u00e1ng 10 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00e1nh L\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 hai (699), b\u1ed9 T\u00e2n kinh[8] \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch xong. Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu ban chi\u1ebfu th\u1ec9nh ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng gi\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 T\u00e2n kinh n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee5 K\u00ed. \u0110\u1ebfn ph\u1ea9m Hoa t\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 to\u00e0n ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng, khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, cho l\u00e0 l\u1ea1. Khi \u1ea5y, \u0111\u00f4-duy-na Hu\u1ec7 Bi\u1ec3u, sa-m\u00f4n Ho\u1eb1ng C\u1ea3nh v.v… c\u00f9ng d\u00e2ng bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea5u vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, th\u00e1i h\u1eadu ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n:<\/p>\n

– H\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng di\u1ec5n b\u00e0y l\u1eddi vi di\u1ec7u, xi\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ea7u. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch, tr\u1eabm m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y m\u01b0a cam l\u1ed9 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3ng th\u00ec c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1m k\u00ec di\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Nh\u01b0 lai gi\u00e1ng t\u00edch, x\u00e9t r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1eddi v\u0103n trong ch\u00edn h\u1ed9i. Tr\u1eabm k\u00e9m t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e2u d\u00e1m nh\u1eadn v\u00ec m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u00e1u c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng[9] kia! Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea5u v\u0103n, l\u00f2ng tr\u1eabm sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

SA-DI DI-GI\u00c0-B\u1ea0C \u1ede N\u01af\u1edaC VU-\u0110I\u1ec0N<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00e1nh L\u1ecbch (698-700), tam t\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadt-xoa-nan-\u0111\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vu-\u0111i\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee5 K\u00ed. S\u01b0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

– \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i c\u00f3 sa-di Di-gi\u00e0-b\u1ea1c th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi[10]. Sa-di \u1ea5y tuy ch\u01b0a th\u1ee5 gi\u1edbi c\u1ee5 t\u00fac, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u thanh t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, c\u00f3 hai s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 d\u00e1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00e2n c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5 sa-di. Sa-di ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– Hai v\u1ecb t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn?<\/p>\n

S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 do \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi \u0110ao-l\u1ee3i sai xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 l\u00ean cung tr\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. K\u00ednh xin th\u1ea7y th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t \u0111i theo ch\u00fang con.<\/p>\n

Sa-di n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– Xin h\u1ecfi v\u00ec nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch m\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam?<\/p>\n

S\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– Khi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi a-tu-la[11], \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb a-tu-la \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch d\u00f9ng thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n[12] nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f5i Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9[13], mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho m\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb a-la-h\u00e1n nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a v\u1ecb n\u00e0o gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, t\u00e2m d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng ph\u00fac cho tr\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch m\u1edbi sai ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e2y nghinh \u0111\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Sa-di n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1eb3n \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e2u d\u00e1m t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

Sau khi nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u th\u1ec9nh, sa-di nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft l\u1ea1i, gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi cung tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

G\u1eb7p sa-di, \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch vui m\u1eebng n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– Con th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb a-tu-la qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u, n\u00ean c\u1ed1 h\u1ea1 m\u00ecnh th\u1ec9nh th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y. Th\u1ea7y th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, thi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Xin th\u1ea7y v\u00ec con m\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t k\u1ebb th\u00f9.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch li\u1ec1n c\u1edfi m\u0169 tr\u1eddi, v\u1eaby l\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ed7ng h\u00f3a ra m\u1ed9t cung \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3y b\u00e1u[14], c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u1eeda l\u1edbn, t\u00e1m c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 b\u00e1u nh\u01b0 ma ni\u2026, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 gi\u0103ng treo tr\u00e0ng phan, b\u1ea3o c\u00e1i, thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed hoa h\u01b0\u01a1ng xen k\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch th\u1ec9nh sa-di v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec7n, ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean t\u00f2a hoa sen, t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. Ti\u1ebfng kinh ng\u00e2n cao, vang kh\u1eafp cung tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Khi \u1ea5y, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u1ea1n thi\u00ean ch\u00fang v\u00e2y quanh, \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh b\u1ed1n qu\u00e2n h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn \u1edf c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i Ba[15], ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i b\u00e1u, n\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ea5y uy linh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, qu\u00e2n a-tu-la li\u1ec1n r\u00fat lui, b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y, c\u1ea3 to\u00e1n tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o c\u1ecdng sen. \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, th\u1ec9nh sa-di \u0111\u1ebfn cung tr\u1eddi, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3y b\u00e1u qu\u00ed l\u1ea1. \u0110\u1ebf th\u00edch l\u1ea1i th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu th\u1ea7y c\u1ea7n thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh, con c\u0169ng s\u1ebd d\u00e2ng c\u00fang. Xin th\u1ea7y l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i cung tr\u1eddi, mong \u0111\u1eebng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

Sa-di \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ee9t \u00e1i xu\u1ea5t gia l\u00e0 mong c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1o V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng[16]. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 qu\u00ed l\u1ea1 \u1edf th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o mong c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

Nghe v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch gieo n\u0103m v\u00f3c s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5 v\u00e0 th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– Khi th\u1ea7y th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u qu\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, xin h\u00e3y c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 con. Mong th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean!<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i xong, \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch sai s\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0a sa-di v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i c\u00f5i Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 y ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbp h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eddi, tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft th\u01a1m. Sau, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac l\u00e2m chung, sa-di ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n sinh v\u1ec1 T\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

Tam t\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadt-xoa-nan-\u0111\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb sa-di n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

QUY\u1ec2N KINH HOA NGHI\u00caM PH\u00d3NG \u00c1NH S\u00c1NG<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00e1nh L\u1ecbch (698-700), tam t\u1ea1ng Th\u1eadt-xoa-nan-\u0111\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vu-\u0111i\u1ec1n k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

– Ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Qui-t\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 tu h\u1ecdc theo ph\u00e1p Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u00edch-ca ph\u00e2n th\u00e2n gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh tr\u0103m \u1ee9c \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e2n v\u00e2n[17], ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi l\u1ea1, n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ea1i kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng \u0111em b\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea1n kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam t\u1eeb Thi\u00ean Tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn, n\u00ean v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed9 kinh l\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba n\u00e9m b\u1ed9 kinh n\u00e0y xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ebfng. \u0110\u00eam \u1ea5y, th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ecf r\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1ng l\u1eeda t\u1eeb trong gi\u1ebfng ph\u00f3ng l\u00ean, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng nghi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

S\u00e1ng ra, h\u1ecd b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau, r\u1ed3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbt l\u00ean th\u00ec \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb h\u1ecd n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng h\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ea5y v\u1eady, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng h\u01a1i kinh ng\u1ea1c, li\u1ec1n \u0111em b\u1ed9 kinh \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o ng\u0103n gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a t\u00e0ng kinh.<\/p>\n

H\u00f4m kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea1n \u1ea5y n\u1eb1m \u1edf ng\u0103n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng trong t\u00e0ng kinh. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng ngh\u0129: \u201cPh\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch-ca c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i \u01b0? T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 h\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 v\u00e0o ng\u0103n gi\u1eefa, ai l\u1ea1i \u0111em \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean ng\u0103n tr\u00ean v\u1eady?\u201d.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u1ea1i \u0111em b\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea1n \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o ng\u0103n d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00edch th\u00e2n ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng kh\u00f3a c\u1eeda t\u00e0ng kinh l\u1ea1i, r\u1ed3i t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5t ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng m\u1edf c\u1eeda ra, l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y b\u1ed9 kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam n\u1eb1m \u1edf ng\u0103n tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u: \u201cGi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba uy linh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf!\u201d. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb t\u0103ng Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n k\u00ednh tin, qu\u00ed tr\u1ecdng kinh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb6NG NGUY\u00caN ANH \u1ede HOA \u00c2M<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Ch\u1ee9ng Th\u00e1nh (695), \u0110\u1eb7ng Nguy\u00ean Anh[18] \u1edf Hoa \u00c2m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n b\u1ed7ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u1eddi kh\u00ed, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t qua \u0111\u1eddi. B\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y sau, \u00f4ng ta s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Nguy\u00ean Anh:<\/p>\n

– T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y ng\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t \u1edf c\u00f5i u minh[19] s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eaft cha anh, b\u1ea3n \u00e1n g\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Anh h\u00e3y mau t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb tai h\u1ecda n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u00ean Anh s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– N\u00ean t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi n\u1ea1n n\u00e0y?<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– Anh h\u00e3y mau ch\u00e9p m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n xa n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Nghe v\u1eady, Nguy\u00ean Anh v\u1ed9i ra ch\u1ee3, mua gi\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Ph\u1ee5c \u1edf ch\u00f9a g\u1ea7n nh\u00e0, th\u1ec9nh thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 v\u00e0 m\u1eddi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e9p kinh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, c\u00f2n m\u00ecnh th\u00ec h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec thanh t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f9ng ch\u00e9p kinh. Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y, b\u1ed9 kinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e9p xong. Nguy\u00ean Anh thi\u1ebft trai c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1 l\u1ec5 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha c\u1ee7a Nguy\u00ean Anh tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi n\u1ea1n n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Nguy\u00ean Anh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 tang m\u1eb9 n\u00ean l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ngu\u00f4i. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 11 m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m \u1ea5y, nh\u1eefng c\u00e0nh c\u00e2y n\u01a1i m\u1ed9 m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng v\u00ec l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4 h\u00e9o t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ed7ng tr\u1ed5 hoa, ra l\u00e1, t\u1ecfa h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m ng\u00e1t, t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1ed1t sum su\u00ea, mu\u00f4n m\u00e0u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 do c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u00e9p kinh c\u1ea3m n\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c quan \u1edf ch\u00e2u, huy\u1ec7n tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea5u vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00ean vua. V\u00f5 T\u1eafc Thi\u00ean khen l\u00e0 l\u1ea1, ban cho danh hi\u1ec7u hi\u1ebfu m\u00f4n[20] v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

HAI C\u00d4 G\u00c1I PH\u00c1T T\u00c2M XU\u1ea4T GIA<\/h3>\n

Ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Nh\u01b0 \u00dd th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (692), \u1edf H\u00e0ng ch\u00e2u c\u00f3 hai c\u00f4 g\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea1m, nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb. Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, hai c\u00f4 n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo m\u1ed9t ni s\u01b0 t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n ba m\u01b0\u01a1i quy\u1ec3n. Ni s\u01b0 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh tinh nghi\u00eam, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0m s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9 cho hai c\u00f4 xu\u1ea5t gia, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u, ni s\u01b0 b\u1ed7ng ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng m\u00e0 th\u1ecb t\u1ecbch. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng n\u00e0o hai c\u00f4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean m\u1ed9 th\u1ea7y kh\u00f3c th\u1ea3m thi\u1ebft su\u1ed1t ba n\u0103m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, b\u1ed7ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9 ni s\u01b0 m\u1ecdc l\u00ean n\u0103m c\u00e0nh hoa sen \u0111\u1ecf. Th\u1ea5y hoa, hai c\u00f4 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edb, bu\u1ed3n kh\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng ngu\u00f4i. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ee3t g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o cao l\u1edbn kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecfi hai c\u00f4:<\/p>\n

– V\u00ec sao c\u00e1c con kh\u00f3c bi th\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n

Hai c\u00f4 th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– L\u00e2u nay, ch\u00fang con n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo th\u1ea7y t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0 mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t gia, ch\u1eb3ng ng\u1edd ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n ch\u00fang con ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u00e0 th\u1ea7y ch\u00fang con \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb t\u0103ng b\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

– Hai con \u0111\u00e3 tha thi\u1ebft mong c\u1ea7u xu\u1ea5t gia, th\u00ec lo g\u00ec m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i xong, v\u1ecb t\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0a tay v\u00e0o b\u1ee5ng, l\u1ea5y ra m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t nung c\u1ee1 s\u00e1u b\u1ea3y t\u1ea5c, trao cho hai c\u00f4 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o:<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c con \u0111em t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u00fang, ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t gia!<\/p>\n

Hai c\u00f4 cung k\u00ednh nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 l\u1ea1y t\u1ea1 v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m t\u0103ng, trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

V\u00e2ng theo l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y, hai c\u00f4 mang b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, tinh ti\u1ebfn k\u00ednh tin, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfng tr\u1ec5. B\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1, m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y cao th\u00eam m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5c, su\u1ed1t m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng[21]. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00e2u, huy\u1ec7n nghe bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn xem, d\u00e2ng hoa c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea5u l\u00ean vua. Nghe tin n\u00e0y, th\u00e1i h\u1eadu T\u1eafc Thi\u00ean l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m l\u1ea1, ban chi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a hai c\u00f4 g\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e0nh hoa v\u00e0o cung. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e0o m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e2y hoa th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u00e0nh hoa t\u1eeb trong quan t\u00e0i m\u1ecdc ra, b\u1eadt n\u1eafp quan t\u00e0i ra th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u00e0nh hoa m\u1ecdc l\u00ean t\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1ee1i c\u1ee7a ni s\u01b0 v\u1edbi m\u00e0u s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00e2u, huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f2ng ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a hai c\u00f4, th\u00e1i h\u1eadu T\u1eafc Thi\u00ean cho g\u1ecdi hai c\u00f4 v\u00e0o cung, t\u1ef1 tay c\u1ea7m dao c\u1ea1o t\u00f3c, ban cho ba y, b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t v.v\u2026, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ban s\u1eafc cho hai c\u00f4 \u1edf ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean N\u1eef. Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00e1i h\u1eadu h\u1ea1 chi\u1ebfu cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ch\u00f9a trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 cho c\u1ea3 hai b\u1ed9 t\u0103ng ni.<\/p>\n

S\u01af HO\u1eb0NG B\u1ea2O \u1ede CH\u00d9A \u0110\u1ea0I V\u00c2N, D\u01af\u01a0NG CH\u00c2U<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00fac (701), \u1edf ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea1i V\u00e2n, D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2u, c\u00f3 s\u01b0 Ho\u1eb1ng B\u1ea3o l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o \u0111oan nghi\u00eam, t\u1ee5ng kinh r\u1ea5t hay, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u00eau m\u1ea1n, khinh khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00f3c mai v\u00f9ng tr\u00ean tr\u00e1n c\u1ee7a s\u01b0 b\u1ed7ng n\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c b\u01b0\u1edbu l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u00e0o. Ch\u1ec9 trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y, c\u1ee5c b\u01b0\u1edbu \u1ea5y l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n h\u01a1n ba t\u1ea5c. S\u01b0 bu\u1ed3n t\u1ee7i, kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ec9 \u1edf trong ch\u00f9a ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5c b\u01b0\u1edbu ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, s\u01b0 suy ngh\u0129: \u201cB\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 do chi\u00eau c\u1ea3m nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hai l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y xem th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n\u201d.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf l\u00e0, s\u01b0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng t\u1ee5ng kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y d\u00e2ng c\u00fang hoa, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1eeba t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i bi\u1ebfn, b\u1ed7ng khuya n\u1ecd, s\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

– N\u1ebfu th\u1ea7y mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho th\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i xong, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u1ea7m dao c\u1eaft b\u1ecf c\u1ee5c b\u01b0\u1edbu. S\u01b0 gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh, th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c. S\u00e1ng ra, s\u01b0 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y cho ch\u00fang t\u0103ng nghe. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, n\u01a1i c\u1ee5c b\u01b0\u1edbu n\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5t gh\u1ebb, trong m\u1ee5t gh\u1ebb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ee7 ch\u1ea3y ra, su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec l\u00e0nh h\u1eb3n, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb9o.<\/p>\n

V\u1ecb t\u0103ng t\u00ean Qu\u00e2n \u1edf D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c1P S\u01af HU\u1ec6 CHI\u00caU \u1ede CH\u00d9A S\u00d9NG PH\u00daC, T\u00c2Y KINH<\/h3>\n

S\u01b0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 H\u1ef1u, l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam. S\u01b0 tinh c\u1ea7n kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5 tu h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, s\u01b0 th\u1edd h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tr\u00ed Nghi\u1ec5m[22] l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y, chuy\u00ean tu h\u1ecdc theo kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea9m T\u00ednh kh\u1edfi trong quy\u1ec3n 3, b\u1ea3n t\u00e2n d\u1ecbch g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m Nh\u01b0 Lai xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3a. S\u01b0 th\u00edch n\u01a1i y\u00ean t\u0129nh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u1edf ch\u00f9a S\u00f9ng Ph\u00fac, s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tu thi\u1ec1n, t\u1ee5ng kinh trong n\u00fai m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00eam thanh v\u1eafng, s\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1eeda tay, s\u00fac mi\u1ec7ng, \u0111\u1ed1t h\u01b0\u01a1ng, ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf m\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea9m kinh n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed7ng \u0111\u00eam n\u1ecd, khi s\u01b0 \u0111ang t\u1ee5ng kinh, c\u00f3 h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ecdt l\u00ean, ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i hoa sen, th\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng, t\u1ecfa \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, qu\u00ec g\u1ed1i, ch\u1eafp tay, nghe kinh. S\u01b0 t\u1ee5ng kinh v\u1eeba xong, th\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

S\u01b0 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng k\u00ec di\u1ec7u n\u00e0y. Sau ng\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p T\u1ea1ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c v\u1ecb: Hu\u1ec7 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Hu\u1ec7 V\u00e2n, Huy\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n, Nh\u01b0 T\u00f4ng v.v… c\u00f9ng nghe.<\/p>\n

THI\u1ec0N S\u01af TU \u0110\u1ee8C \u1ede \u0110\u1ecaNH CH\u00c2U<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u V\u0129nh Huy (650-655), \u1edf \u0110\u1ecbnh ch\u00e2u c\u00f3 thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Tu \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean tu t\u1eadp theo kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. V\u00ec l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, s\u01b0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n bi\u00ean ch\u00e9p kinh n\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, s\u01b0 ng\u00e2m h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y d\u00f3[23] v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u01a1m n\u00e0y. Khi c\u00e2y l\u1edbn, s\u01b0 b\u00f3c l\u1ea5y v\u1ecf, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e9p kinh. S\u01b0 m\u1eddi ba v\u1ecb: ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft kinh, th\u1ee3 l\u00e0m b\u00fat v\u00e0 th\u1ee3 t\u1ea1o gi\u1ea5y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eafm g\u1ed9i s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd v\u00e0 gi\u1eef trai gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft xong m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n, s\u01b0 th\u00f9 lao m\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ea5p l\u1ee5a t\u1ed1t. Bi\u00ean ch\u00e9p kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam xong, s\u01b0 m\u1edf trai \u0111\u00e0n k\u00ednh m\u1eebng, \u0111\u1ec3 kinh v\u00e0o h\u1ed9p c\u00f3 \u01b0\u1edbp h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Ngay h\u00f4m thi\u1ebft trai, t\u0103ng t\u1ee5c k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng. Khi v\u1eeba m\u1edf h\u1ed9p kinh, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng r\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfu xa h\u01a1n tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u01a1n n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u00e2u \u1edf S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i, chi\u00eam ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00f4ng nghe bi\u1ebft. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, quan th\u00e1i gi\u00e1m L\u01b0u Khi\u00eam Chi v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1eddi th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 B\u1eafc T\u1ec1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

L\u01afU KHI\u00caM CHI<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00e1i H\u00f2a (499), \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ec1 (479-502), c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1t th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9. L\u01b0u Khi\u00eam Chi th\u1eb9n m\u00ecnh t\u00e0n t\u1eadt, v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng, n\u00ean ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i n\u00fai Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i, chuy\u00ean tu h\u1ecdc theo kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam, \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec, s\u00e1u th\u1eddi l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u kh\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng xao l\u00e3ng, \u00f4ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n-th\u00f9 gia h\u1ed9. B\u1ed7ng r\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u00f3c mai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c c\u0103n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, \u00e2m thanh trong tr\u1ebbo \u00edt ai s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng. Khi th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 r\u00e2u t\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c, \u00f4ng c\u00e0ng d\u1ed1c ch\u00ed kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a kinh v\u00e0 so\u1ea1n b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn Hoa nghi\u00eam g\u1ed3m 600 quy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea2N H\u1ea0 KINH HOA NGHI\u00caM<\/h3>\n

U Trinh t\u00f4i tr\u1ed9m nghe: \u201cTrong ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Gi\u00e0-c\u00e2u-b\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y-t\u00e1t[24], c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ea3n H\u1ea1 kinh B\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3ng Ph\u1eadt hoa nghi\u00eam g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn (100.000) b\u00e0i k\u1ec7. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mong b\u1ea3n H\u1ea1 n\u00e0y s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ea7u \u0111em l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0o n\u0103m Qu\u00ed H\u1ee3i ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Ki\u1ebfn Trung (783), \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, U Trinh t\u00f4i cung k\u00ednh ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n so\u1ea1n b\u00e0i v\u0103n qui m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ec9nh l\u1ec5 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, t\u00f4i l\u1ea1y th\u00eam m\u01b0\u1eddi hai b\u1ed9 kinh[25]; c\u00f2n khi kh\u00f4ng l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec tr\u00ec ni\u1ec7m b\u00e0i v\u0103n qui m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y. Trong kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf trong b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft[26] th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u00ec l\u00e1 b\u1ed1i[27] l\u00e0m sao truy\u1ec1n vi\u1ebft h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1edb v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec l\u00e0 nh\u1edd n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0-la-ni[28] c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec3n kinh m\u00e0 t\u00ec-kheo H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n[29] th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec d\u00f9 l\u1ea5y m\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n l\u1edbn, b\u00fat ch\u1ea5t cao nh\u01b0 n\u00fai Tu-di[30] \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u00ean ch\u00e9p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea9m th\u00ec v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ghi h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf. T\u1ed5 s\u01b0 Long Th\u1ee5[31] th\u1ea5y quy\u1ec3n kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft t\u1eadp th\u00e0nh v\u0103n t\u1ef1 l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi long cung c\u00f3 ba b\u1ea3n: Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Trung v\u00e0 H\u1ea1. B\u1ea3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf trong m\u01b0\u1eddi tam thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi[32], s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t b\u1ee5i nh\u1ecf trong b\u1ed1n thi\u00ean h\u1ea1[33]. B\u1ea3n Trung c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n tr\u0103m ch\u00edn m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m ngh\u00ecn t\u00e1m tr\u0103m (498.800) b\u00e0i k\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn hai tr\u0103m (1.200) ph\u1ea9m. B\u1ea3n H\u1ea1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn (100.000) b\u00e0i k\u1ec7, b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m (48) ph\u1ea9m. Trong ba b\u1ea3n \u1ea5y, b\u1ea3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n Trung th\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00f5i Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u1edf T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec3n kinh g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn (100.000) b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n H\u1ea1, nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong n\u00fai c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y-t\u00e1t \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed9 kinh 80 quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ngh\u00ecn (45.000) b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn (100.000) b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n H\u1ea1.<\/p>\n

U Trinh t\u00f4i v\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ghi th\u00eam v\u00e0o truy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed9 kinh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i, tr\u00ec ni\u1ec7m, n\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u1ea7u mong b\u1ea3n H\u1ea1 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1edbm l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 m\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u0103ng d\u1ea1y cho \u0111\u00e0n vi\u1ec7t Th\u1ea7n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng trong truy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch sau ghi th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft r\u00f5<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt ba \u0111\u1eddi<\/p>\n

N\u00ean qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

T\u00d4N T\u01af M\u1ea0C<\/h3>\n

V\u00e0o ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u00ean (674-676), T\u00f4n T\u01b0 M\u1ea1c nh\u1edd u\u1ed1ng L\u01b0u ch\u00e2u \u0111an v\u00e0 V\u00e2n m\u1eabu ph\u1ea5n[34] n\u00ean th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn 150 tu\u1ed5i m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea7n n\u1ecd, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ec1, Ng\u1ee5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eadn m\u1eaft tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00e9p b\u1ea3y tr\u0103m n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed9 kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

VUA TH\u00c1I T\u00d4NG<\/h3>\n

Vua Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecdc kinh Ph\u1eadt, n\u00ean h\u1ecfi T\u00f4n T\u01b0 M\u1ea1c:<\/p>\n

– Kinh n\u00e0o l\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t?<\/p>\n

T\u00f4n T\u01b0 M\u1ea1c t\u00e2u:<\/p>\n

– Kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

Vua l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n

– G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 600 quy\u1ec3n do tam t\u1ea1ng Huy\u1ec1n Tr\u00e1ng d\u1ecbch sao kh\u00f4ng cho l\u00e0 l\u1edbn, c\u00f2n kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 80 quy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i cho l\u00e0 l\u1edbn \u01b0?<\/p>\n

T\u00f4n T\u01b0 M\u1ea1c th\u01b0a:<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi Hoa Nghi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n th\u00e0nh quy\u1ec3n kinh l\u1edbn b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f2n kinh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n trong kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Nghe v\u1eady, vua Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ng\u1ed9, ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec Hoa nghi\u00eam Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba b\u00ed gi\u00e1o, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t t\u01b0 ngh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kinh. V\u00ec kinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng l\u1edbn n\u00ean s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng c\u0169ng l\u1edbn. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o mu\u1ed1n tu t\u1eadp theo t\u00e2m tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, y theo bi\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh Nh\u1ea5t th\u1eeba n\u00e0y m\u00e0 tu h\u00e0nh, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c giai v\u1ecb, khi v\u1eeba ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh Ch\u00ednh gi\u00e1c ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Nh\u01b0 Lai trong ba \u0111\u1eddi. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng v\u1eeba ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba[35], Quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o[36] m\u00e0 tu \u0111\u1ee7 mu\u00f4n h\u1ea1nh, th\u00ec d\u00f9 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfp d\u00e0i l\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng nghe kinh n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n li\u1ec1n s\u1edbm ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

L\u1edcI B\u1ea0T<\/h3>\n

Kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam ghi: \u201cKinh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u tin nh\u1eadn, th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t; ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng thanh v\u0103n, duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec? Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1ea3i qua \u1ee9c na-do-tha[37] ki\u1ebfp tu s\u00e1u ba-la-m\u1eadt[38] m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe kinh n\u00e0y, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tin nh\u1eadn th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1ea3 danh. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 quy\u1ec3n kinh n\u00e0y th\u00ec n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1p mi\u1ebfu Nh\u01b0 Lai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o cung k\u00ednh l\u1ec5 l\u1ea1y th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u0103n l\u00e0nh, d\u1ee9t tr\u1eeb kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n th\u00e1nh\u201d. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c th\u1ee5 tr\u00ec kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i th\u1edd v\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u1ed5[39] l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i V\u00f4 Danh[40] l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y, nh\u1edd h\u1ea7u c\u1eadn m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1nh nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh H\u1ea3i \u1ea4n v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi, m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 kinh t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda t\u1eadp truy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho nh\u1eefng ai ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe \u0111\u1ebfn kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/strong><\/p>\n

[1] Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu T\u1eafc Thi\u00ean (T\u1eafc Thi\u00ean th\u00e1i h\u1eadu \u5247\u5929\u592a\u540e; 624-705): v\u1ecb n\u1eef ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf duy nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Hoa (690-705), ng\u01b0\u1eddi V\u0103n Th\u1ee7y, T\u0129nh ch\u00e2u (nay thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n V\u0103n Th\u1ee7y, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y).<\/p>\n

[2] Ch\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee5 K\u00ed (Ph\u1eadt Th\u1ee5 K\u00ed t\u1ef1 \u4f5b\u6388\u8a18\u5bfa): ch\u00f9a \u1edf th\u00e0nh L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, do ng\u00e0i Ho\u00e0i Ngh\u0129a x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb cao t\u0103ng t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ee5 \u1edf ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch kinh. Th\u00e1ng 5 ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Ch\u1ee9ng Th\u00e1nh th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (695), ng\u00e0i Th\u1eadt-xoa-nan-\u0111\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0i tr\u1ee5 \u1edf ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea1i Bi\u1ebfn Kh\u00f4ng, \u00edt l\u00e2u sau c\u0169ng d\u1eddi v\u1ec1 ch\u00f9a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

[3] \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4 \u6771\u90fd: t\u1ee9c L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng, thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 Nam, Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

[4] Th\u00e1i s\u1eed \u592a\u53f2: t\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c quan. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi T\u00e2y Chu, Xu\u00e2n Thu, th\u00e1i s\u1eed n\u1eafm gi\u1eef c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ghi ch\u00e9p qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed, bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n s\u00e1ch s\u1eed, kh\u1edfi th\u1ea3o v\u0103n th\u01b0, qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n, l\u1ecbch ph\u00e1p v.v… \u0110\u1eddi T\u00f9y \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh th\u00e1i s\u1eed gi\u00e1m, \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh th\u00e1i s\u1eed c\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

[5] Trung x\u00e1 \u4e2d\u820d: t\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c quan. Theo Dung trai tam b\u00fat, khi ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ee9c quan ch\u01b0a thay \u0111\u1ed5i, quan m\u1edbi v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 khoa b\u1ea3ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e1i t\u1eed trung du\u1eabn, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khoa b\u1ea3ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e1i t\u1eed trung x\u00e1, nay \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 tr\u1ecb lang. V\u1ec1 sau, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 Nho c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi trung th\u01b0 x\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 trung x\u00e1.<\/p>\n

[6] Tham qu\u00e2n \u53c3\u8ecd: t\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c quan, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tham m\u01b0u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

[7] Trung quan \u4e2d\u5b98: t\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c quan th\u1eddi x\u01b0a. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 sau, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ecb quan n\u1eafm gi\u1eef v\u1ec1 thi\u00ean v\u0103n, l\u1ecbch ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

[8] T\u00e2n kinh \u65b0\u7d93 (G\u0111: T\u00e2n hoa nghi\u00eam kinh; Cg: B\u00e1t th\u1eadp hoa nghi\u00eam, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng kinh): g\u1ed3m 80 quy\u1ec3n, do ng\u00e0i Th\u1eadt-xoa-nan-\u0111\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Kinh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a L\u1ee5c th\u1eadp hoa nghi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

[9] S\u00e1u c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng (l\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7ng chi ch\u1ea5n \u516d\u7a2e\u4e4b\u9707): s\u00e1u t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t. Theo kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam quy\u1ec3n 16 (b\u1ea3n T\u00e2n d\u1ecbch), s\u00e1u t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u1edfi, d\u0169ng, ch\u1ea5n, h\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch. \u201c\u0110\u1ed9ng\u201d l\u00e0 lay \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean, \u201ckh\u1edfi\u201d l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u00ean cao, \u201cd\u0169ng\u201d l\u00e0 b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean v\u1ecdt l\u00ean, ba th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 cho h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n. \u201cCh\u1ea5n\u201d l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e2m \u1ec9, \u201ch\u1ed1ng\u201d l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng r\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i th\u00fa, \u201ck\u00edch\u201d l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra ti\u1ebfng d\u1ed9i \u1ea7m \u1ea7m, ba th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 cho \u00e2m thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5n. \u201cH\u00ecnh\u201d (h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 \u201cthanh\u201d (\u00e2m thanh) m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng…<\/p>\n

[10] M\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi (th\u1eadp gi\u1edbi \u5341\u6212): m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a sa-di-ni. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 1. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sinh; 2. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gian tham tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp; 3. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2m d\u1eadt; 4. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i; 5. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u; 6. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111eo tr\u00e0ng hoa hay \u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc hoa, xoa h\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5n s\u00e1p v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh; 7. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m tr\u00f2 nh\u1ea1c, ca m\u00faa h\u00e1t x\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 \u0111i xem nghe; 8. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eb1m gi\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn; 9. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n phi th\u1eddi; 10. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7m gi\u1eef v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c, c\u1ee7a b\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

[11] A-tu-la (tu-la \u8129\u7f85; S: asura): lo\u00e0i qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 \u00e1c th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch, m\u1ed9t trong s\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t trong t\u00e1m b\u1ed9 ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

[12] Thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n \u5929\u773c (S: divya-cak\u1e63us): m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean c\u00f5i S\u1eafc, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1eaft n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c g\u1ea7n xa, tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau, trong ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y, tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

[13] C\u00f5i Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9 (Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9 \u95bb\u6d6e; S: Jambu-dvipa; Cg: Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec1, Thi\u1ec7m-b\u1ed9 ch\u00e2u): c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 tr\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y di\u00eam-ph\u00f9 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra v\u00e0ng di\u00eam-ph\u00f9-\u0111\u00e0n. Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 cho \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, v\u1ec1 sau ch\u1ec9 chung th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u00e2n gian.<\/p>\n

[14] B\u1ea3y b\u00e1u (th\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o \u4e03\u5bf6; S: sapta ratn\u0101ni): b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 ng\u1ecdc b\u00e1u qu\u00ed gi\u00e1 \u1edf th\u1ebf gian. C\u00e1c kinh n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 b\u00e1u kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo kinh A-di-\u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9, b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 b\u00e1u l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, l\u01b0u li, pha-l\u00ea, xa c\u1eeb, x\u00edch ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 m\u00e3 n\u00e3o. Theo kinh Ph\u00e1p hoa quy\u1ec3n 4, b\u1ea3y th\u1ee9 b\u00e1u l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, l\u01b0u li, xa c\u1eeb, m\u00e3 n\u00e3o, ch\u00e2n ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 mai kh\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

[15] C\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Ba M\u01b0\u01a1i Ba (Tam Th\u1eadp Tam thi\u00ean \u4e09\u5341\u4e09\u5929; S: Tr\u0101yastri\u1e43\u015ba; Cg: \u0110ao-l\u1ee3i thi\u00ean): t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ba v\u1ecb thi\u00ean t\u1eed, t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi th\u1ee9 hai trong s\u00e1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

[16] \u0110\u1ea1o V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u7121\u4e0a\u9053): qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, v\u00ec qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

[17] Th\u00e2n v\u00e2n \u8eab\u96f2: d\u1ee5 cho th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 s\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u1eb1n m\u00e9, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ee5 cho th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 \u1ea5m th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 che ch\u1edf ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n

[18] Nguy\u00ean Anh \u5143\u82f1: c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean S\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n

[19] C\u00f5i u minh (minh \u0111\u1ea1o \u51a5\u9053; Cg: minh gi\u1edbi, minh \u0111\u1ed3): th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1i t\u0103m m\u1edd m\u1ecbt m\u00e0 sau khi ch\u1ebft con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i vua Di\u00eam-ma v\u00e0 quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c cai qu\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

[20] Hi\u1ebfu m\u00f4n \u5b5d\u9580: con nh\u00e0 hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

[21] Tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u4e08: m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c, kho\u1ea3ng 3,3 m\u00e9t.<\/p>\n

[22] H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tr\u00ed Nghi\u1ec5m (Nghi\u1ec5m h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u513c\u548c\u5c1a; 602-668): cao t\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Thi\u00ean Th\u1ee7y (nay l\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh Cam T\u00fac), h\u1ecd Tri\u1ec7u, t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 hai t\u00f4ng Hoa Nghi\u00eam, hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Ch\u00ed T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0, V\u00e2n Hoa t\u00f4n gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

[23] C\u00e2y d\u00f3 (ch\u1eed th\u1ee5 \u696e\u6a39): lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y c\u00f3 v\u1ecf d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

[24] T\u00e2y-t\u00e1t \u897f\u85a9 (S: Ku-stana; Cg: Vu-\u0111i\u1ec1n, Vu-\u0111i\u1ec7n): t\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c x\u01b0a \u1edf T\u00e2y V\u1ef1c, t\u1ee9c thu\u1ed9c mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00f9ng H\u00f2a-\u0111i\u1ec1n (Khotan) ng\u00e0y nay.<\/p>\n

[25] M\u01b0\u1eddi hai b\u1ed9 kinh (th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb b\u1ed9 kinh \u5341\u4e8c\u90e8\u7d93; S: dv\u0101da\u015b\u0101\u1e45ga-buddha-vacana): m\u01b0\u1eddi hai th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i kinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 1. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng: th\u1ec3 v\u0103n xu\u00f4i; 2. Tr\u00f9ng t\u1ee5ng: k\u1ec7 t\u1ee5ng, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o thuy\u1ebft \u1edf ph\u1ea7n v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng; 3. Th\u1ee5 k\u00ed: l\u1eddi \u1ea5n ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai; 4. C\u00f4 kh\u1edfi: ph\u1ea7n k\u1ec7 t\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp; 5. T\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi; 6. Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean: ghi ch\u00e9p nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt; 7. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5: d\u00f9ng th\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p ngh\u0129a; 8. B\u1ea3n s\u1ef1: th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed; 9. B\u1ea3n sinh: th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea1i bi m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt tu h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9; 10. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3ng: c\u00e1c kinh gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn s\u00e2u xa; 11. V\u1ecb t\u1eb1ng h\u1eefu ph\u00e1p: n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00edt c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed; 12. Lu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecb: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt lu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

[26] B\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u4e0d\u53ef\u8aaa (S: anabhil\u0101pya): m\u1ed9t trong m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1eddi x\u01b0a. T\u1eeb a-t\u0103ng-k\u00ec theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n t\u0103ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

[27] L\u00e1 b\u1ed1i (b\u1ed1i di\u1ec7p \u8c9d\u8449; S: pattra; G\u0111: b\u1ed1i-\u0111a-la di\u1ec7p): lo\u1ea1i l\u00e1 c\u00e2y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e9p t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c kinh v\u0103n. Khi ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t minh ra gi\u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 d\u00f9ng l\u00e1 thay gi\u1ea5y. Kinh v\u0103n vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean l\u00e1 b\u1ed1i, r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 x\u00e2u l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

[28] \u0110\u00e0-la-ni \u9640\u7f85\u5c3c (S: dh\u0101ra\u1e47\u012b; Hd: t\u1ed5ng tr\u00ec): n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u00f3m th\u00e2u, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho qu\u00ean s\u00f3t.<\/p>\n

[29] T\u00ec-kheo H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n (H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n t\u00ec-kheo \u6d77\u96f2\u6bd4\u4e18): v\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 hai trong n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ba v\u1ecb thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u1eed Thi\u1ec7n T\u00e0i tham v\u1ea5n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong ph\u1ea9m Nh\u1eadp ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi, kinh Hoa nghi\u00eam. V\u1ecb t\u00ec-kheo n\u00e0y tr\u1ee5 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ea3i M\u00f4n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n qu\u00e1n duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi. Bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf bi\u1ec3n \u1ea5y trang nghi\u00eam r\u1ea3i kh\u1eafp nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y, cho n\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1edf qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1ea3i V\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

[30] N\u00fai Tu-di (Tu-di s\u01a1n \u9808\u5f4c\u5c71): v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai cao \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1eebng s\u1eefng \u1edf ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. L\u1ea5y n\u00fai n\u00e0y l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 t\u00e1m l\u1edbp n\u00fai, t\u00e1m l\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n bao b\u1ecdc chung quanh, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (Tu-di th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi).<\/p>\n

[31] Long Th\u1ee5 \u9f8d\u6a39 (S: N\u0101g\u0101rjuna; Cg: Long M\u00e3nh, Long Th\u1eafng): t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i Trung Qu\u00e1n \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, t\u1ed5 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba Ph\u00f3 ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, sinh v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 II, III, thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i B\u00e0-la-m\u00f4n, Nam \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/p>\n

[32] Tam thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u4e09\u5343\u5927\u5343\u4e16\u754c (S: tri-s\u0101hasra-mah\u0101-s\u0101hasra-loka-dh\u0101tu): m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn ti\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn trung th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

[33] B\u1ed1n thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 (t\u1ee9 thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 \u56db\u5929\u4e0b; S: catv\u0101ro dv\u012bp\u0101\u1e25; Cg: t\u1ee9 ch\u00e2u, t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 ch\u00e2u): b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u theo th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 th\u1eddi x\u01b0a. B\u1ed1n ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u1eafng Th\u00e2n ch\u00e2u, Nam Thi\u1ec7m-b\u1ed9 ch\u00e2u, T\u00e2y Ng\u01b0u H\u00f3a ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 B\u1eafc C\u00e2u-l\u00f4 ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

[34] L\u01b0u ch\u00e2u \u0111an, V\u00e2n m\u1eabu ph\u1ea5n \u670d\u6d41\u73e0\u4e39\u96f2\u6bcd\u7c89: thu\u1ed1c luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129.<\/p>\n

[35] Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba \u4e8c\u4e58: hai c\u1ed7 xe, d\u1ee5 cho hai lo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Thanh v\u0103n th\u1eeba v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n

[36] Quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o \u6b0a\u6559 (Cg: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o): gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n l\u1eadp, t\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o m\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp b\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn theo \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh; l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0o Th\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Th\u1eadt gi\u00e1o r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ebf b\u1ecf Quy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

[37] Na-do-tha \u90a3\u7531\u4ed6 (S: nayuta, niyuta): danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Theo c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t na-do-tha l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u. Trong kinh Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

[38] S\u00e1u ba-la-m\u1eadt (l\u1ee5c ba-la-m\u1eadt \u516d\u6ce2\u7f85\u871c; S: \u1e63a\u1e6d p\u0101ramit\u0101; Cg: l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9): s\u00e1u h\u1ea1nh tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u qu\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed ba-la-m\u1eadt, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi ba-la-m\u1eadt, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c ba-la-m\u1eadt, tinh ti\u1ebfn ba-la-m\u1eadt, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ba-la-m\u1eadt, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

[39] Thi\u1ec1n t\u1ed5 \u79aa\u7956: t\u1eeb t\u00f4n x\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p trong nh\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

[40] V\u00f4 Danh \u7121\u540d (722-793): thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, thu\u1ed9c t\u00f4ng H\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ch, s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd Cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed9t H\u1ea3i (nay l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7n D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00edn, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n \u0110\u00f4ng). N\u0103m 28 tu\u1ed5i, s\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t gia t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ee9c, ban \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng, sau theo h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi T\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng H\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i H\u00e0 Tr\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea7n H\u1ed9i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 V\u00f4 Danh. S\u01b0 \u0111i tham h\u1ecdc kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Hu\u1ec7 Anh so\u1ea1n, H\u1ed3 U Trinh to\u1ea3n. 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