{"id":171394,"date":"2019-08-01T09:14:20","date_gmt":"2019-08-01T02:14:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/?p=171394"},"modified":"2019-10-04T21:50:29","modified_gmt":"2019-10-04T14:50:29","slug":"thang-phap-tap-yeu-luan-tap-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/thang-phap-tap-yeu-luan-tap-1-171394.html","title":{"rendered":"Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp 1<\/h2>\n

D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3: Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/h3>\n

V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 m\u00f4n T\u00e2m L\u00fd H\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00ec b\u1ed1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em ra gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp l\u00e0 Citta (t\u00e2m), Cetasika (t\u00e2m s\u1edf), R\u00f9pa (S\u1eafc) v\u00e0 Nibb\u00e0na (Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n). T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m s\u1edf, Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n d\u0129 nhi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u1ea5y v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi T\u00e2m v\u00e0 S\u1eafc v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi. Chia ch\u1ebb theo 2 ph\u00e1p th\u1eddi N\u00e0ma (danh) thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 R\u00f9pa (S\u1eafc) thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn 5 U\u1ea9n, th\u1eddi R\u00f9pakkhandha (S\u1eafc u\u1ea9n) thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n 4 U\u1ea9n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m ph\u00e1p v.v…<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m n\u00f3i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Abhidharma l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ea5t tinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, v\u00e0 theo P\u00e0li Abhidhamma, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 89 hay 121 t\u00e2m (Citta) v\u00e0 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Cetasika). \u0110\u00fang v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng “ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00f4ng” (Vibhajav\u00e0da, m\u1ed9t t\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecda B\u1ed9), P\u00e0li Abhidhamma chia ch\u1ebb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m th\u00e0nh D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m; S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m (theo c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi), ho\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m (theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n), ho\u1eb7c theo Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m (theo kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sanh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi sau hay kh\u00f4ng); ho\u1eb7c theo H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n, V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m (n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u0103n nh\u00e2n chi ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u1ea5y) v.v… Ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft khi nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean th\u1eddi \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 7 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 X\u00fac, th\u1ecd, tr\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n, nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd. C\u00f2n t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u0103ng th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m n\u00e0o. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd h\u1ef7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 51 t\u00e2m, x\u1ea3 t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong 70 t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n (x\u00fac, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m, t\u00e1c \u00fd, m\u1ea1ng c\u1eb7n, t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, tinh t\u1ea5n, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i). M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a P\u00e0li Abhidhamma cho m\u00f4n T\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 Cittav\u00ecthi hay l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. M\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1edf ngo\u00e0i ngang qua 5 c\u0103n th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, di\u1ec7t xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u cho \u0111\u1ebfn 16 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na.<\/p>\n

1. Bhavangacalana: H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

2. Bhavangupaccheda: H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n

3. Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana: Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

4. Cakkhuvinn\u00e0na: (Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c hay m\u1ed9t trong 4 th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c).<\/p>\n

5. Sampaticchana: Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

6. Sant\u00ecrana: Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

7. Votthapana: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

8-14. Javana: T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

15-16. Tad\u00e0lambana: \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb khi H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 16 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na n\u1eefa, th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i c\u0103n, th\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 17 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na v\u00e0 c\u00f3 7 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t xu\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh (T\u1eeb Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m). Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 hy h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1eadt v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u00fac chi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

T\u1eadp Abhidhamma kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c khi b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1edfi ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n hay n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, ngang qua 5 c\u0103n hay ngang qua \u00fd c\u0103n (Pavattana), m\u00e0 c\u00f2n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c (Patisandhi) li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y qua \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e1i sanh c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau khi ch\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u thai m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi, s\u1ef1 tham s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1eabn bi\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00fang ta l\u00e2m chung hay \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u thai, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1ea5t, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a Abhidhamma cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft gia bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng bo\u0103n kh\u0103n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

Lama Govinda, m\u1ed9t tu s\u0129 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c trong quy\u1ec3n The Psychological Attitude of Early Buddhist Philosophy (Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y) \u0111\u00e3 xem v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma nh\u01b0 m\u00f4n t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. C\u00f2n \u00f4ng Egerton C. Baptist trong quy\u1ec3n Abhidhamma for the Beginners (Abhidhamma cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1 c\u01a1) th\u00ec so s\u00e1nh m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma nh\u01b0 m\u00f4n si\u00eau h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o. N\u1ebfu si\u00eau h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1o thi\u00ean l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba th\u00ec m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u00f4n si\u00eau h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, v\u00ec hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00fang v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a Kinh t\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m linh v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a si\u00eau h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ea1n c\u1ee3t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, th\u1eddi Abhidhamma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 m\u00f4n si\u00eau h\u00ecnh v\u00ec S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, ph\u1ea3i tu c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i tu c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Thi\u1ec1n \u1edf V\u00f4 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 th\u00e1nh, ph\u1ea3i tu qu\u00e1n (vipassan\u00e0) v\u1ec1 Ba ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 si\u00eau h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00f2ng tin kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t gi\u00e1c ra, b\u1edfi v\u00ec kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi, th\u1eddi si\u00eau h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1c b\u1ecf si\u00eau h\u00ecnh, n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n si\u00eau h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t gi\u00e1c tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf khi n\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, theo t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma, si\u00eau h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00e0 ranh gi\u1edbi t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c ranh gi\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c si\u00eau h\u00ecnh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nan gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a si\u00eau h\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn si\u00eau h\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u1edf s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt thu nh\u1ecf d\u1ea7n ranh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a si\u00eau h\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady si\u00eau h\u00ecnh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kinh nghi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi v\u1ee9c th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, Abhidhamma c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u00f4n lu\u00e2n l\u00fd h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt, v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hay gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1eddi ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hay t\u1eadp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0o. Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c \u1edf con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 12 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e2m Abhidhamma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i xa \u0111\u00edch gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, 18 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m (ahetukacitta) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m l\u01b0ng ch\u1eebng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng lui, v\u00e0 59 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m (sobhanacitta) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft gia \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u1ea5y tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m. Tri h\u00e0nh h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9c song tu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1ea5t di b\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch cho nh\u1eefng tri\u1ebft gia \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc trong t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma. T\u00ecm cho ra ph\u1ea7n lu\u1eadn l\u00fd trong t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00ec v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma tuy \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadn l\u00fd h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadn l\u00fd nh\u01b0 Nh\u01a1n minh h\u1ecdc (Hetuvidy\u00e0) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fd tr\u00ed, suy lu\u1eadn, th\u1ef1c tu th\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ebd d\u0129 nhi\u00ean bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p suy lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 do v\u1eady ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n lu\u1eadn l\u00fd l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eefa c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn Abhidhamma l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa hai t\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y. D\u1ea7u Kinh t\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t trong Ba t\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y nh\u1ea5t, Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt cho t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, t\u1eebng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, t\u1eebng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1ebb t\u1ebb, nhi\u1ec1u khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan. Abhidhamma t\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 r\u1ea3i r\u00e1c trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ea5y tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh chung v\u00e0 nh\u1edd v\u1eady gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n xuy\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Abhidhamma, v\u00ec r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Abhidhamma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Kinh t\u1ea1ng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c Matrik\u00e0, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n trong kinh t\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 t\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i kinh ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 kinh mang n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t Abhidhamma h\u01a1n l\u00e0 Kinh t\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0 kinh Sang\u00ectisutta trong b\u1ed9 D\u00ecghanik\u00e0ya v\u00e0 t\u1eadp Niddesa trong b\u1ed9 Khuddakanik\u00e0ya. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 Lama Govinda \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, “ch\u00ednh trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf, v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Khi n\u00e0o Abhidhamma c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 cho ch\u00fang ta r\u00f5, m\u1ed9t \u00edt n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, th\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebft t\u1eadp s\u1edbm hay mu\u1ed9n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea3”.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t, t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Patisambhid\u00e0 (V\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i hay Pratisamvit, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn l\u00fd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch). H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0nh. 1) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a (Ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i, Attha) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb (hay v\u1eadt, v\u00ec danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt). 2) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p (Dhamma, Ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i). Ch\u1eef ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp Vibhanga v\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Buddhaghosa, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. 3) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m (T\u1eeb v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i, Nirutti), 4) Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 Patibh\u00e0na (Bi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i). Nh\u01b0ng trong b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadn ch\u1eef H\u00e1n Tsa-tsi, Attha l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb ri\u00eang v\u00e0 chung, v\u00e0 Dhamma c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a. Trong t\u1eadp Niddesa, c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch d\u00e0i c\u00e1c ch\u1eef \u0110\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a (Dhamma) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (Attha). C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eef v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Nirutti. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i (Patibh\u00e0na).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma m\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 cho l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt theo \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf (Paramatthasacca), ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng theo t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf (Sammutisacca) nh\u01b0 trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng. Nh\u01b0 khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i b\u00e0n, l\u00e0 theo t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 n\u0103ng, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i b\u00e0n l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf. Trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i trong Abhidhamma, nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 n\u0103m u\u1ea9n, m\u01b0\u1eddi hai x\u1ee9, m\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1m gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eddi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, con n\u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh k\u1ebb ngu d\u1ed1t v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi T\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf. Khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m u\u1ea9n hay m\u01b0\u1eddi hai x\u1ee9, th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a n\u0103m u\u1ea9n hay n\u0103m ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch t\u1eadp n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u danh t\u1eeb ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch theo ngh\u0129a, ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch theo \u00fd. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb nh\u01b0 P\u00ecti (H\u1ef7), Vitakka (T\u1ea7m), Vic\u00e0ra (T\u1ee9), th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0ng Citav\u00ecthi (T\u00e2m l\u1ed9 hay l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m), Parikamma (chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb), Upac\u00e0ra (c\u1eadn h\u00e0nh), Anuloma (thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9), Gotrabh\u00f9 (chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh), Appan\u00e0 (an ch\u1ec9) v.v… to\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 d\u1ecbch ra. \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i cho in hai t\u1eadp ng\u1eef v\u1ef1ng, P\u00e0li – Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t – P\u00e0li, to\u00e0n nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. Khi g\u1eb7p ch\u1eef P\u00e0li, mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ch\u1eef d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec t\u00ecm ng\u1eef v\u1ef1ng P\u00e0li – Vi\u1ec7t. Khi g\u1eb7p ch\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ch\u1eef P\u00e0li t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec t\u00ecm ng\u1eef v\u1ef1ng Vi\u1ec7t – P\u00e0li. V\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n, n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 cho in nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Trong khi d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eadp n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chia m\u1ed7i \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n

I. P\u00e0li v\u0103n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u0103n ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

II. Th\u00edch v\u0103n, l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef P\u00e0li kh\u00f3 ra Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n.<\/p>\n

III. Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch P\u00e0li v\u0103n ra Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n.<\/p>\n

IV. Th\u00edch ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y n\u00e0y gi\u00fap nhi\u1ec1u cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft ri\u00eang P\u00e0li c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u v\u00e0o v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. T\u1eadp n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd gi\u00fap cho sinh vi\u00ean V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Abhidhamma v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean V\u0103n khoa S\u00e0i G\u00f2n h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 Tri\u1ebft \u1ea4n, v\u00ec khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 cho s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp n\u00e0y, sinh vi\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec3n Abhidhammatthasangaha n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n tham h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1ng A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u01b0\u1eddng cho ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, T\u00edch Lan, Th\u00e1i Lan v.v… Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eadp n\u00e0y cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma, t\u1eadp n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o tham c\u1ee9u b\u1ea3y t\u1eadp Abhidhamma ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4 khan \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u00e1n ng\u00e1n th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u01a1 c\u01a1 mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y. Ng\u00e0i Anurudha \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi ng\u00e0i ch\u1ea9n m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u00e9o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch g\u1ecdn gh\u1ebd s\u00fac t\u00edch, khi\u1ebfn cho t\u1eadp n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c T\u0103ng ni Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng A-T\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m. T\u1eadp n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Mi\u00ean, Th\u00e1i, T\u00edch Lan, Mi\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n, \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, Anh, Ph\u00e1p v.v… ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o hai b\u1ea3n Abhidhammatthasangaha c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c Narada, ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00edch Lan v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c Kashyap, Vi\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc Nalanda ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea4n. Ng\u00e0i Narada d\u1ecbch r\u1ea5t s\u00e1t nguy\u00ean v\u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ng\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00e0i Kashyap tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch r\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t nguy\u00ean v\u0103n v\u00e0 th\u00edch n\u1eafm gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c, t\u1eebng \u0111o\u1ea1n. Dung h\u00f2a hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p v\u00e0 tr\u00edch l\u1ef1a tinh hoa c\u1ee7a hai t\u1eadp tr\u00ean, t\u1eadp “Th\u1eafng ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp y\u1ebfu” b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 Ban Tu Th\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hy v\u1ecdng t\u1eadp n\u00e0y s\u1ebd m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa t\u1eadp P\u00e0li Abhidhamma v\u00e0 T\u1ea1ng Sanskrit Abhidhamma, v\u00e0 t\u1eadp P\u00e0li Abhidhammatthasangaha v\u00e0 t\u1eadp Sanskrit Abhidharmakosa, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 so s\u00e1nh r\u1ea5t h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng, \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 th\u00edch th\u00fa.<\/p>\n

T\u1eadp Abhidhammatthasangaha c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9 V. C\u00f2n b\u1ed1n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng sau, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd cho d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

M\u00f9a Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u1ea3n 2510<\/em><\/p>\n

T\u1ef3 kheo TH\u00cdCH MINH CH\u00c2U<\/em><\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc V\u1ea1n H\u1ea1nh<\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I – Citta (T\u00e2m V\u01b0\u01a1ng)<\/h3>\n

K\u1ec6 NH\u1eacP \u0110\u1ec0<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1a) Samm\u00e0sambuddhamatulam Sasaddhammaganuttamam Abhiv\u00e0diya bh\u00e0sissam Abhidhammatthasanghan.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Samm\u00e0sambuddha: Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u00e1c: Atula: V\u00f4 t\u1ef7, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh. Sasaddhamma: V\u1edbi di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p. Gana: Ch\u00fang. Uttamam: V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Abhiv\u00e0diya: Sau khi \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5. Bh\u00e0sissam: T\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i. Abhidhammathasangaha: T\u00ean quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1a) Sau khi \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea5ng Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u00e1c v\u00f4 t\u1ef7, Di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u0103ng ch\u00fang, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadp Abhidhammatthasangaha.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Abhidhamma ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p hay Th\u1eafng ph\u00e1p. Attha ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eadt. Sangaha ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eadp y\u1ebfu. Dhamma \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd. Theo t\u1eadp Atthas\u00e0lin\u00ec Abhi c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Atireka, cao h\u01a1n, l\u1edbn h\u01a1n hay Visittha, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, th\u00f9 th\u1eafng. Abhidhamma ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1eafng ph\u00e1p v\u00ec ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, hay v\u00ec ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y th\u00f9 th\u1eafng h\u01a1n Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng. Trong Kinh t\u1ea1ng hay Lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb T\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt, h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh… Trong t\u1ea1ng Abhidhamma, m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ch\u1ebb r\u1ea5t t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1eef tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 n\u0103m u\u1ea9n, m\u01b0\u1eddi hai x\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec gi\u00e1o l\u00fd d\u1ea1y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec gi\u00e1o l\u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, v\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Abhidhamma.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed0N TH\u1eaeNG PH\u00c1P<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

-1b) Tattha vutt\u00e0bhidhammatth\u00e0 catudh\u00e0 paramatthato, Cittam cetasikam r\u00f9pam nibb\u00e0namiti sabbath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tattha: \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y. Vutta: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. Abhidhammattha. C\u00e1c v\u1eadt, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c Abhidhamma. Catudh\u00e0: C\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i. Paramatthato: Theo \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf. Sabbath\u00e0: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1b) Theo \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c Abhidhamma c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3: T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m s\u1edf, S\u1eafc v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 hai s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt (\u0111\u1ebf): T\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf, T\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf (Sammuti-sacca) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i m\u1eb7t, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf t\u00ecnh. C\u00f2n \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf (Paramattha-sacca) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u00e1i b\u00e0n ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf. Theo \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf, c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00e0n, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng v\u1eady, trong kinh t\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3… nh\u01b0ng trong Abhidhamma, \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 Khandha (u\u1ea9n), Dh\u00e0tu (gi\u1edbi), \u00c0yatana (x\u1ee9)…<\/p>\n

Ch\u1eef Paramattha c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong Abhidhamma. Parama ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i (avipar\u00ecta), tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Nibbattita) Attha ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eadt, ph\u00e1p Paramattha ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, hay tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eebng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1eefu, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n. M\u1ed9t ch\u1eadu b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Paramattha, v\u00ec n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh. C\u00e1i ch\u1eadu v\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 chia ch\u1ebb th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 R\u00f9paparamattha trong Abhidhamma. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1i ch\u1eadu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1i b\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang g\u00ecn gi\u1eef \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady trong s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i, Parama c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i hay th\u1ef1c c\u00f3. Attha \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 4 Paramattha hay th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, bao tr\u00f9m m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf v\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf. C\u00f2n Nibb\u00e0na thu\u1ed9c si\u00eau th\u1ebf. Lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 N\u00e0ma (Danh) v\u00e0 R\u00f9pa (S\u1eafc). Theo Abhidhamma, R\u00f9pa g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Abhidhamma k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn 25 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p. N\u00e0ma g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 T\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

Theo Abhidhamma, c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 n\u0103m u\u1ea9n (khandha): R\u00f9pa (s\u1eafc), Vedan\u00e0 (th\u1ecd), Sann\u00e0 (t\u01b0\u1edfng), Sankh\u00e0r\u00e0 (h\u00e0nh) v\u00e0 Vinn\u00e0na (th\u1ee9c).<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m, T\u00e2m s\u1edf (tr\u1eeb 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng T\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu) v\u00e0 S\u1eafc thu\u1ed9c nh\u1eadp th\u1ebf (Lokiya), v\u00e0 Nibb\u00e0na thu\u1ed9c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf (Lokuttara). Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ebf c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh, \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t. Ba ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu (Vijjam\u00e0na dhamm\u00e0). Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chia nh\u1ecf, kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Paramattha th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Citta, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Cit l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129. Theo s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i, Citta c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (cinteti: vij\u00e0n\u00e0ti). \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Theo ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Abhidhamma, Citta n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t linh h\u1ed3n suy ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n

Citta, Ceta, Cittupp\u00e0da, N\u00e0ma, Mana Vinn\u00e0na \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a theo Abhidhamma, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Citta v\u00e0 Vinn\u00e0na (t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c). Khi c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eadt h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n, th\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef N\u00e0ma (Danh). Khi chia th\u00e0nh n\u0103m u\u1ea9n, th\u1eddi ch\u1eef Vinn\u00e0na (Th\u1ee9c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed0N LO\u1ea0I T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. – P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) Tattha cittam t\u00e0va catubbidham k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaram, r\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram, ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram, lokuttaranceti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tattha: \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y. Catubbidham hoti: C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i. K\u00e0m\u00e0vacaram: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. R\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram: S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram: V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Lokuttaram: Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– K\u00e0m\u00e0: D\u1ee5c, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u00e1i d\u1ee5c hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00e1i d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac. Avacara: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean h\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m. S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n \u1edf c\u00f5i S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean do d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n \u1edf c\u00f5i V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean do d\u00f9ng V\u00f4 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Loka uttara: Lokuttara, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf, ra ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Do qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng ba ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh v\u1ecb, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u00e0m phu n\u1eefa n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf, ra ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Theo P\u00e0li Abhidhamma, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 89 T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, 54 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, 15 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, 12 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00e0 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LA V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) Tattha katamam k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaram? Somanassasahagatam ditthigatasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0tikamekam. Somanassasahagatam ditthigatavippayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam ditthigatasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam ditthigatavippayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam ti. Im\u00e0ni attha pi lobhasahagat\u00e0ni citt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Katamam: C\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau. Somanassasahagatam: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. Ditthigatasampayuttam: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Sasankh\u00e0rikamekam: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o: Sasankh\u00e0rikamekam: C\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Ditthigatavippayuttam: Kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. Im\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y Attha: T\u00e1m Lobhasahagat\u00e0ni citt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma: G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi tham.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m? M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. T\u00e1m t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi tham.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Trong 89 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m chia th\u00e0nh 8 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi tham, hai t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi s\u00e2n, hai t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi si. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 8 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi tham.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00edch th\u00fa, th\u00ec t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 (somanassasahagatam), n\u1ebfu l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean th\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 (Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam). C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ebft sanh v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang t\u1ebf, c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, th\u1eddi t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn (ditthigatasampayattam). Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ditthigatavippayuttam. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, mau l\u1eb9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch xui gi\u1ee5c, th\u1eddi t\u00e2m \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Asankh\u00e0rikam (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o). N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi xui gi\u1ee5c khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o m\u1edbi l\u00e0m th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sasankh\u00e0rikam.<\/p>\n

Trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00e2m chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n t\u00f9y theo c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 4 lo\u1ea1i t\u00f9y theo t\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0 Akusala (b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n), Kusala (thi\u1ec7n), Vip\u00e0ka (d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c) v\u00e0 Kiriy\u00e0 (duy t\u00e1c). S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t sanh t\u1eeb Lobha (tham) Dosa (s\u00e2n) v\u00e0 Moha (si). Tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00e0 Thi\u00ean t\u00e2m (Kusala) v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u00e1t sanh t\u1eeb Alobha (v\u00f4 tham), Adosa (v\u00f4 s\u00e2n) v\u00e0 Amoha (v\u00f4 si). Nh\u01b0ng B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Kamma (nghi\u1ec7p) v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vip\u00e0ka (D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m). C\u1ea3 Kamma v\u00e0 Vip\u00e0ka thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u00fd. C\u00f2n t\u00e2m Kiriy\u00e0 (Duy t\u00e1c) l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n, tuy c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb sanh t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

HAI S\u00c2N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 4) Domanassasahagatam patighasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sas\u00e0nkh\u00e0rikamekamekam ti im\u00e0ni dvepi patighacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Domanassasahagatam: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u Patighasampayuttam: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi h\u1eadn. Asankh\u00e0rikam: Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o: Sasankh\u00e0rikamekam: M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Dve: Hai. Patighacitt\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng h\u1eadn t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 4) M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi h\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Hai t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u00e2n h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Khi m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt khi\u1ebfn ta kh\u00f4ng \u01b0a th\u00edch ho\u1eb7c tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gh\u00e9t v\u1eadt \u1ea5y. D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 gh\u00e9t \u1ea5y t\u0103ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt \u1ea5y c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn ta t\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i, ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t. T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Domanassa. Domanassa th\u00fac d\u1ee5c k\u00edch th\u00edch ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 v\u1eadt ta ch\u00e1n b\u1ecf, s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Patigha hay h\u1eadn. T\u00e2m \u1ea5y l\u00e0 asankh\u00e0rika, n\u1ebfu trong khi gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t t\u1ed9i \u00e1c kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi xui gi\u1ee5c khuy\u00ean b\u1ea3o. T\u00e2m \u1ea5y l\u00e0 sasankh\u00e0rika n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xui gi\u1ee5c sai b\u1ea3o m\u1edbi l\u00e0m. Trong 2 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, l\u1ebd d\u0129 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 somanassa (h\u1ef7), hay upekkh\u00e0 (x\u1ea3), c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn v\u00ec khi qu\u00e1 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00ec gi\u1edd m\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 ph\u1ea3i v\u1edbi tr\u00e1i n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Lobha, dosa, v\u00e0 moha l\u00e0 ba b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n. Lobha t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Lubh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, \u00f4m \u1ea5p. Dosa t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Dus ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng. Patigha, Pati: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i, Gha (han) c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1ea1m nhau. Moha t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Muh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00ea l\u1ea7m. Theo Abhidhamma, Moha c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Lobha v\u00e0 Dosa kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi ra m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 Moha. Moha c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mom\u00f9ha.<\/p>\n

Somanassa: Su l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t, thi\u1ec7n. Mana: \u00fd, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n \u00fd, hoan h\u1ef7. Upekkh\u00e0: Upa l\u00e0 ngang, kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch; Ikkh: l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u01b0u, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf gi\u1eefa n\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 x\u1ea3. Ditthi t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n dis ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. Sankh\u00e0rika t\u1eeb ch\u1eef san ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kar ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m. Trong Abhidhamma, ch\u1eef Sankh\u00e0ra c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a, ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. D\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 5 u\u1ea9n, Sankh\u00e0ra l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh u\u1ea9n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb th\u1ecd v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. D\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi hai nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, Sankh\u00e0ra c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd, thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c. Sankh\u00e0ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Sankh\u00e0ra c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, sai b\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

HAI SI T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 5) Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam vicikicch\u00e0sampayuttamekam, upekkh\u00e0sahagatam uddhaccasampayuttamekam ti dve pi mom\u00f9hacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Iccevam sabbath\u00e0 pi dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusalacitt\u00e0ni samatt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vicikicch\u00e0sampayuttam: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi. Ekam: M\u1ed9t. Uddhaccasampayuttam: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed. Mom\u00f9hacitt\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng si t\u00e2m. Iccevam: Iti + Evam: L\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Dv\u00e0dasa: 12. Sabbath\u00e0:To\u00e0n m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n. Akusalacitt\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. Samatt\u00e0ni: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 5) M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady hai t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Moha: Si, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p. Lobha v\u00e0 Dosa (tham, s\u00e2n) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Moha (si). Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Moha th\u00f4i, th\u1eddi khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e2m tr\u00ed b\u1ecb m\u00ea m\u1edd. N\u00ean t\u00e2m \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “Mom\u00f9hacitta. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nghi ng\u1edd, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vicikacch\u00e0sampayuttam. M\u1ed9t si t\u00e2m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o. T\u00e2m \u1ea5y xao \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u1ebfu xao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Uddhaccasampayuttam: t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed. Hai t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 Somanassa (h\u1ef7) hay Domanassa (\u01afu). Ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi Upekkh\u00e0 (x\u1ea3). Nghi v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed kh\u1edfi l\u00ean do m\u00ea m\u1edd, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd t\u1ea1o l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec m\u00ea m\u1edd v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n. L\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ai xui gi\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 asankh\u00e0rika v\u00e0 sasankh\u00e0rika.<\/p>\n

Vickicch\u00e0: theo lu\u1eadn s\u1edb c\u00f3 2 ngh\u0129a: 1) Vici: Vicinanto l\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra + Kiccchati ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ph\u1eadt \u00fd. Ph\u1eadt \u00fd do suy t\u01b0, ph\u00e2n v\u00e2n. 2) Vi: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 + Cikicch\u00e0: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Vicikicch\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Uddhacca: U ngh\u0129a c\u00f9ng kh\u1eafp + Dhu ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

Kusala c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

1. Ku: b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n + Sa: l\u00e0m cho rung \u0111\u1ed9ng. Kusala l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

2. Kusa: Ku: b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n + Sa: n\u00f3i l\u00e1o + La: c\u1eaft, ch\u1eb7t. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1eaft di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u00f3i l\u00e1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00ea h\u00e8n.<\/p>\n

3. Ku: b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n + Su: l\u00e0m cho ti\u00eau tan. C\u00e1i l\u00e0m di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 Kusa hay tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. La: c\u1eaft. C\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kusala.<\/p>\n

4. Kusa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf. Lo\u1ea1i c\u1ecf n\u00e0y c\u1eaft b\u00e0n tay v\u1edbi hai kh\u00eda l\u00e1 s\u1eafc b\u00e9n. C\u0169ng v\u1eady Kusala c\u1eaft c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed4NG K\u1ebeT 12 B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) Atthadh\u00e0 lobham\u00f9l\u00e0ni, dosam\u00f9l\u00e0ni ca dvidh\u00e0 moham\u00f9l\u00e0ni ca dv\u00e9ti, dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusal\u00e0 siyum.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Atthadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 8 lo\u1ea1i. Lobham\u00f9l\u00e0ni: Tham c\u0103n. Dosam\u00f9l\u00e0ni: S\u00e2n c\u0103n. Ca: V\u00e0. Dvidh\u00e0: C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i. Akusal\u00e0: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. Siyum: (t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb Asa): Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) Tham c\u0103n c\u00f3 t\u00e1m, s\u00e2n c\u0103n c\u00f3 hai v\u00e0 si c\u0103n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hai. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00f3 12.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean, k\u00ea r\u00f5 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m tham t\u00e2m, hai s\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 hai si t\u00e2m, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 12 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

18 V\u00d4 NH\u00c2N T\u00c2M: 7 B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 7) Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam cakkhuvinn\u00e0nam, tath\u00e0 sotavinn\u00e0nam, gh\u00e0navinn\u00e0nam, jivh\u00e0vinn\u00e0nam, dukkhasahagatam k\u00e0yavinn\u00e0nam, upekkh\u00e0sahagatam sampaticchanacittam, upekkh\u00e0sahagatam sant\u00ecranacittanceti. Im\u00e0ni satta pi akusalavip\u00e0k\u00e0hetukacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Cakkhuvinn\u00e0nam: Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c. Tath\u00e0: C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Sotavinn\u00e0nam: Nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c. Gh\u00e0navinn\u00e0nam: T\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c. Jivh\u00e0vinn\u00e0nam: Thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c. Dukkhasahagatam: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5. K\u00e0y\u00e0vinn\u00e0nam: Th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c. Sampaticchanacittam: Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m. Sant\u00ecranacitam: Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m. Im\u00e0ni satta: B\u1ea3y (t\u00e2m) n\u00e0y. Akusalavip\u00e0ka: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Ahetuka: V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 7) Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, c\u0169ng v\u1eady nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. B\u1ea3y t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m y\u1ebfu \u1edbt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong 6 nh\u00e2n sau \u0111\u00e2y: Tham, S\u00e2n, si, v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, v\u00f4 si. N\u00ean nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ahetukacitta (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m). C\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m: 15 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 3 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. 15 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m l\u1ea1i chia l\u00e0m hai: 7 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 8 Thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Nay n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn 7 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. Khi ch\u00fang ta th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch, m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi ra trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y, th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c (cakkhuvinn\u00e0na). N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nghe th\u00ec c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c (Sotavinn\u00e0na). N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u1eedi th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c (Gh\u00e0navinn\u00e0na). N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 n\u1ebfm th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c (Jivh\u00e0vinn\u00e0na). N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c (K\u00e0yavinn\u00e0na). Sau khi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u00e2m th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh v\u1eadt k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1edf ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u00e2m \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m (Sampaticchana); sau khi l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd, t\u00e2m \u1ea5y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m (Sant\u00ecrana). Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ea1c kh\u1ed5 trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, l\u1ea1c kh\u1ed5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 k\u00fd t\u00e1nh n\u00ean bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecb m\u00e0 th\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c (Vip\u00e0ka). L\u1ea1i nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi, \u1edf n\u01a1i d\u1ecb th\u1eddi m\u00e0 th\u1ee5c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Do nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f9y theo s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p n\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi nay sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. B\u1ea3y t\u00e2m k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi Somanassa (H\u1ef7) hay Domanassa (\u01afu) v\u00ec ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu \u1edbt v\u00e0 mu\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi Upekkh\u00e0 (X\u1ea3). Tuy v\u1eady, K\u00e0yavinn\u00e0na (Th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c) l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi Dukkha (Kh\u1ed5) v\u00ec th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n. Do t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

5 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi 5 Thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng danh t\u1eeb Dvipancavinn\u00e0na. Hai Sampaticchana v\u00e0 Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Manodh\u00e0tu (\u00fd gi\u1edbi). C\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Manovinn\u00e0nadh\u00e0tu (y th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi).<\/p>\n

T\u00c1M THI\u1ec6N D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Upekkh\u00e0-sahagatam cakkhuvinn\u00e0nam, tath\u00e0 sotavinn\u00e0nam, gh\u00e0navinn\u00e0nam, jivh\u00e0vinn\u00e0nam, sukhasahagatam k\u00e0yavinn\u00e0nam, upekkh\u00e0sahagatam sampaticchanacittam, somanassasahagatam sant\u00ecranacittam, upekkh\u00e0sahagatam sant\u00ecranacittam citi im\u00e0ni attha pi kusalavip\u00e0k\u00e0hetukacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sukhasahagatam: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c. Attha: T\u00e1m. Kusalavip\u00e0k\u00e0hetukacitt\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, c\u0169ng v\u1eady nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. T\u00e1m t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00ean, s\u1ed1 7, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m l\u00e0 suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

BA V\u00d4 NH\u00c2N DUY T\u00c1C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacittam,tath\u00e0 manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacittam, somanassasahagatam hasitupp\u00e0dacittam ceti im\u00e0ni t\u00ecni pi ahetukakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Iccevam sabbath\u00e0 pi atth\u00e0ras\u00e0hetukacitt\u00e0ni samatt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacittam: Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m. Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacittam: \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m. Hasitupp\u00e0dacittam: Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m. Im\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y. T\u00ecni: Ba. Ahetukakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni: V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. N\u00e0ma: G\u1ecdi l\u00e0. Iccevam: Iti + evam: nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Sabbath\u00e0 pi: T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Attharas\u00e0hetukacitt\u00e0ni: 18 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Samatt\u00e0ni: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m; c\u0169ng v\u1eady, \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m; c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m. Ba t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 18 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Kriy\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Hai t\u00e2m pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacitta v\u00e0 Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacitta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, khi m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh \u1edf ngo\u00e0i hay m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong. Ch\u00fang v\u1eeba l\u00e0 Ahetuka (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n) v\u1eeba l\u00e0 Kriy\u00e0 (duy t\u00e1c), v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gieo qu\u1ea3. Hasitupp\u00e0da, n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n c\u0169ng Ahetuka v\u00e0 Kriy\u00e0 (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Duy T\u00e1c).<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Khi n\u0103m c\u0103n x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi 5 tr\u1ea7n, th\u1eddi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngang qua 5 c\u0103n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Khi \u00fd c\u0103n x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p tr\u1ea7n th\u1eddi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngang qua \u00fd c\u0103n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngang qua n\u0103m c\u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m ng\u1ee7 d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y xo\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean m\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y gi\u1ef1t m\u00ecnh ng\u1ed3i d\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u00ecm bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u00ecnh gi\u1ef1t m\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u1ea5y tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i, l\u01b0\u1ee3m l\u00ean, ng\u1eedi v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0103n tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

1. “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111ang ng\u1ee7” ch\u1ec9 cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0m xao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bhavanga, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n hay ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

2. “Ng\u1ed3i d\u1eady v\u00e0 t\u00ecm bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea5c” ch\u1ec9 cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i mu\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c khi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0111ang t\u00ecm xem ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1ea7n k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i hay th\u00e2n. T\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana hay ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

3. “Th\u1ea5y tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i” ch\u1ec9 cho s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c, ho\u1eb7c thu\u1ed9c con m\u1eaft, ho\u1eb7c 4 c\u0103n kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t suy t\u01b0 g\u00ec. N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c con m\u1eaft th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cakkhuvinn\u00e0na (nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c), n\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c tai th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sotavinn\u00e0na (nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c), n\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c m\u0169i th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gh\u00e0navinn\u00e0na (t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c), n\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c l\u01b0\u1ee1i th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Jivh\u00e0vinn\u00e0na (thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c), n\u1ebfu thu\u1ed9c th\u00e2n th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 K\u00e0yavinn\u00e0na (th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c).<\/p>\n

4. “L\u01b0\u1ee3m tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i” ch\u1ec9 cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt. T\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sampaticchana (ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

“Ng\u1eedi v\u00e0 t\u00ecm xem tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i” ch\u1ec9 cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sant\u00ecrana hay Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

6. “X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00edn v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t” ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Votthapana hay X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

7. “\u0102n tr\u00e1i xo\u00e0i” ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c x\u1eed s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ee9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Javana hay t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngang qua \u00fd th\u1ee9c (Manodv\u00e0rav\u00ecthi), th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh t\u1ef1 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m. L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana (\u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Votthapana (x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e1c t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) Satt\u00e0kusalap\u00e0k\u00e0ni punn\u00e0p\u00e0k\u00e0ni atthadh\u00e0, kriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni t\u00ecn\u00ecti attharasa ahetuk\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Satta: B\u1ea3y. Akusala: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. P\u00e0k\u00e0ni: D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Punna: Thi\u1ec7n. Atthadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 t\u00e1m. T\u00ecni: Ba. Attharasa: 18.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u00f3 b\u1ea3y; thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u00f3 t\u00e1m; duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba; nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft 18 lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. B\u1ea3y b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, 8 thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, 3 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C T\u1ecaNH QUAN T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11) P\u00e0p\u00e0hetukamutt\u00e0ni sobhan\u00e0n\u00ec ti vuccare. Ek\u00f9nasatthi citt\u00e0ni athekanavuti pi v\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– P\u00e0pa: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Ahetuka: V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Mutt\u00e0ni: Tr\u1eeb. Sobhan\u00e0ni: T\u1ecbnh quang. Vuccare: G\u1ecdi l\u00e0. Ek\u00f9nasatthi: 9. Ekanavuti: 91. V\u00e0: Hay l\u00e0. Atha: Ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11) Tr\u1eeb b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 59 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m hay 91 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

VI. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 12) B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00e0 th\u1ed1i h\u00f3a. 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m l\u00e0 l\u01b0ng ch\u1eebng. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m (Sobhana) l\u00e0 t\u1ea5n h\u00f3a, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Sobhana. C\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh. 24 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, 15 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, 12 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 8 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 59 T\u1ecbnh Quang t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y 8 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 5 c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh 40 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (lokuttara). 24 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 15 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, 12 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi 40 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 91 T\u1ecbnh Quang t\u00e2m (Sobhana).<\/p>\n

T\u00c1M D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI T\u1ecaNH QUANG THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) Somanassasahagatam n\u00e0nasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Somanassasahagatam n\u00e0navippayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam n\u00e0nasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahgagatam n\u00e0navippayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam sasankh\u00e0rikamekam ti im\u00e0ni attha pi k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusalacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– N\u00e0nasampayuttam: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. N\u00e0navippayuttam: Kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. T\u00e1m t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c Sobhanacitta v\u1ec1 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 24: 8 Kusalacitt\u00e0ni (Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m), 8 Vip\u00e0kacitt\u00e0ni (D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m), 8 Kriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni (Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m). C\u00e1c Sobhanacitta n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 sahetuka, c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ahetuka (V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n) trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong 24 k\u00e0m\u00e0v\u00e0cara sobhanacittas, 12 t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, v\u00e0 v\u00f4 si, 12 t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi v\u00f4 tham v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do 8 t\u00e2m kusalacitta n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi t\u00e2m hoan h\u1ef7 th\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng hoan h\u1ef7 th\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i th\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ai nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 asankh\u00e0rikam, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 sasankh\u00e0rikam.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ai nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ai khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch hay sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian suy ngh\u0129, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 hai. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con n\u00edt th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb s\u01b0 v\u00e0 v\u00e1i ch\u00e0o li\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft g\u00ec, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 ba. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m theo l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. 4 t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hoan h\u1ef7 n\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

T\u00c1M D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI T\u1ecaNH QUANG D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13) Somanassasahagatam n\u00e0nasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Somanassasahagatam n\u00e0navippayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam n\u00e0nasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam n\u00e0navippayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam ti im\u00e0ni attha pi k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaravip\u00e0kacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sahekuta: H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13) M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. T\u00e1m t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 8 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a 8 t\u00e2m \u1edf tr\u00ean. 8 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m (ahetuka kusalavip\u00e0kacitta) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a 8 t\u00e2m \u1edf tr\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 8 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m (kusalacitta) l\u00e0m nh\u01a1n t\u1ea1o ra 16 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m (vip\u00e0kacittas), c\u00f2n 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m (akusalacittas) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 7 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m (Ahetukavip\u00e0ka) m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

T\u00c1M D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI T\u1ecaNH QUANG DUY T\u00c1C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) Somanassasahagatam nanasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, asankh\u00e0rikamekam. Somanassasahagatam nanavippayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, asankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam n\u00e0nasampayuttam asankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatam nanavippayuttamasankh\u00e0rikamekam, sasankh\u00e0rikamekam ti im\u00e0ni attha pi sahetukak\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Iccevam sabbath\u00e0 pi catuv\u00ecsati sahetukak\u00e0m\u00e0vacara-kusalavip\u00e0kakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni samatt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Kriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni: Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m Catuv\u00ecsati: 24, Samatt\u00e0ni: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. T\u00e1m t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 24 H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi Thi\u1ec7n, D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 23 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, v\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i g\u1eb7t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ec7nh chung. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 8 Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m (Kusalacitta) v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng m\u1ea7m gi\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi sau, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb m\u1ecdi phi\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c. Khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT 24 D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI T\u1ecaNH QUANG T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) Vedan\u00e0n\u00e0nasankh\u00e0rabhedena catuv\u00ecsati, sahetuk\u00e0k\u00e0m\u00e0vacara-punnap\u00e0kakriy\u00e0 mat\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vedan\u00e0: Th\u1ecd, ch\u1ec9 cho Somanassa Upekkh\u00e0 (H\u1ef7 v\u00e0 X\u00e3). N\u00e0na: Tr\u00ed. Sankh\u00e0ra: Nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Bhedena: Chia ch\u1ebb, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Sahetu: C\u00f3 nh\u00e2n. K\u00e0m\u00e0vacara: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. Punna: Thi\u1ec7n. P\u00e0ka: Vip\u00e0ka: D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Kriy\u00e0: Duy t\u00e1c. Mat\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) 24 lo\u1ea1i D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, duy t\u00e1c c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 chia ch\u1ebb theo th\u1ecd (h\u1ef7 hay x\u1ea3), tr\u00ed (c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o (hay kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o).<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft 24 lo\u1ea1i Sobhanacitta (T\u1ecbnh Quang t\u00e2m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n, D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, Thi\u1ec7n, D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c hay Duy t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed4NG QU\u00c1T 54 D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) K\u00e0me tev\u00ecsa p\u00e0k\u00e0ni, punn\u00e0punn\u00e0ni v\u00ecsati; Ek\u00e0dasa Kriy\u00e0 ceti, catupann\u00e0sa Sabbath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– K\u00e0me: \u1ede D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. Tev\u00ecsa: 23 P\u00e0k\u00e0ni: Vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni: D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Punna: Thi\u1ec7n Apunn\u00e0ni: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. V\u00ecsa: 20. Ek\u00e0dasa: 11. Kriy\u00e0: Duy t\u00e1c. Catupann\u00e0sa: 54. Sabbath\u00e0: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) \u1ede D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 23 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, 20 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, 11 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 54 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 23 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m: 15 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n + 8 T\u1ecbnh Quang. 20 Thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n: 12 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n + 8 thi\u1ec7n. II Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m: 3 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n +8 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c (T\u1ecbnh Quang). T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 54 T\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI T\u00c2M: 5 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) Vitakka-vic\u00e0ra – p\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pathamajjh\u00e0nakusalacittam. Vic\u00e0rap\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam dutiyajjh\u00e0na-kusalacittam. P\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam tatiyajjh\u00e0nakusalacittam. Sukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam catutthajjh\u00e0nakusalacittam. Upekkhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pancamajjh\u00e0nakusalacittam ceti im\u00e0ni pancapi r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vitakha: T\u1ea7m. Vic\u00e0ra: T\u1ee9. P\u00ecti: H\u1ef7. Sukha: L\u1ea1c. Ekaggat\u00e0: Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. Sahitom: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu. Pathama: \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t Jh\u00e0na: Thi\u1ec1n. Kusalacittam: Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Dutiya: \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb. Tatiya: \u0110\u1ec7 tam. Catuttha: \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9. Upekkh\u00e0: X\u1ea3. Pancama: \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169. Panca: N\u0103m. R\u00f9p\u00e0vacara: S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u0103m t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– T\u00e2m \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ec9nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t gang tay v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u h\u1ed3ng tr\u00e9t b\u1eb1ng. V\u1eadt \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Parikamma Nimitta, hay S\u01a1 t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ch\u0103m ch\u00fa cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n s\u00e1ng hi\u1ec7n ra. \u0110\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Uggaha Nimitta (th\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng). Uggaha Nimitta n\u00e0y c\u00f2n th\u00f4 s\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft d\u1ecdc ngang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh P\u00e0tibh\u00e0ga Nimitta (quang t\u01b0\u1edbng). Quang t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng trong s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t t\u00ec v\u1ebft n\u00e0o c\u1ea3, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 do t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m tr\u00ean P\u00e0tibh\u00e0ga Nimitta n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n (Pathamajjh\u00e0na).<\/p>\n

Khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n, th\u1eddi 5 N\u00ecvarana (Tri\u1ec1n c\u00e1i): K\u00e0macchando: D\u1ee5c c\u00e1i, Vy\u00e0p\u00e0da: S\u00e2n, Th\u00ecnamiddha: H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, Uddhacca-kukkucca: Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed v\u00e0 Vicikicch\u00e0: Nghi) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb v\u00e0 5 Thi\u1ec1n chi sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n ra: Vitakka (t\u1ea7m), Vic\u00e0ra (t\u1ee9), P\u00ecti (h\u1ef7), Sukka (l\u1ea1c) v\u00e0 Ekaggat\u00e0 (nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m). Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y tu \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 hai, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Vitakka; khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 ba th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Vic\u00e0ra. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 th\u1eddi P\u00ecti kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m th\u00ec Sukha kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf v\u00e0o b\u1edfi Upekkh\u00e0 (X\u1ea3). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n Upekkh\u00e0 v\u00e0 Ekaggat\u00e0 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Vitakka xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb vi + takk ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 quy t\u1ee5 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Do vitakka sanh ra m\u00e0 th\u00ecna-middha (h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

Vic\u00e0ra xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb vi + car ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00ecm t\u00f2i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Khi c\u00f3 vic\u00e0ra th\u1eddi di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vicikich\u00e0 (nghi). Vitakka v\u00ed nh\u01b0 con ong bay \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00f4ng hoa. Vic\u00e0ra v\u00ed nh\u01b0 con ong bay xung quanh c\u00e1i b\u00f4ng \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

P\u00ecti ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ef7, t\u1eeb ch\u1eef P\u00ec ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 hoan h\u1ef7, sung s\u01b0\u1edbng. Khi c\u00f3 P\u00ecti th\u1eddi di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vy\u00e0p\u00e0da (s\u00e2n).<\/p>\n

Sukha ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c. Khi c\u00f3 Sukha th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Uddhacca v\u00e0 Kukkucca (tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed). P\u00ecti khi\u1ebfn ta th\u00edch \u00fd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n Sukha gi\u00fap ta h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Upekkh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y (Jkkhati) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 t\u01b0 (upa: yuttito) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh. Ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Sobhana citta m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Ekaggat\u00e0 (eka + aggat\u00e0) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 Ekaggat\u00e0. Khi c\u00f3 Ekaggat\u00e0 th\u1eddi tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c K\u00e0macchanda (tham d\u1ee5c).<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh Bh\u00e0van\u00e0 c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: Samatha (ch\u1ec9) v\u00e0 Vipassan\u00e0 (qu\u00e1n). Samatha, ch\u1ec9, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch t\u1ec9nh nh\u1edd tu 5 thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd tu Samatha m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Abh\u00ecnn\u00e0 (th\u1eafng tr\u00ed th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng). C\u00f2n Vipassan\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd Vipassan\u00e0 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Do 3 ngh\u0129a n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. V\u00ec d\u00f9ng s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. V\u00ec \u1edf s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u1ebf s\u1eafc. V\u00e0 v\u00ec do ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y n\u00ean sau khi ch\u1ebft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh \u1edf c\u00f5i S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Jh\u00e0na t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Jhe (suy t\u01b0). Ng\u00e0i Buddhaghosa \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a: \u00c0ramman\u2019upanijjh\u00e0nato paccan\u00eckajh\u00e0panato v\u00e0 jh\u00e0nam. Jh\u00e0na \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi v\u1eady l\u00e0 v\u00ec suy t\u01b0 ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i (N\u00ecvarana: Tri\u1ec1n c\u00e1i).<\/p>\n

L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– Khi Bhavanga (H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, th\u1eddi \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 quang t\u01b0\u1edbng (Patibh\u00e0ganimitta). Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m (Javana), T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Parikamma (chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb) hay Upac\u00e0ra (C\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh) t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Anuloma (thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9). Ch\u00ednh \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y m\u00e0 t\u00e2m m\u1edbi ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Appan\u00e0 (An ch\u1ec9). Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Gotrabh\u00f9 (chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh) Gotra ch\u1ec9 cho D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e1nh; Bh\u00f9 l\u00e0 chinh ph\u1ee5c. M\u1ecdi t\u00e2m s\u00e1t na \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. Sau Gotrabh\u00f9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn Appan\u00e0 (An ch\u1ec9) v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Appan\u00e0 (An ch\u1ec9), c\u1ea3 5 thi\u1ec1n chi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 sau: Bhavanga, manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana, Parikamma, Upac\u00e0ra, Anuloma, Gotrabh\u00f9, Appan\u00e0 (H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, c\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9, chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh, an ch\u1ec9).<\/p>\n

S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) Vitakkavic\u00e0rap\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pathamajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kacittam. Vic\u00e0rap\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam dutiyajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kacittam. P\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam tatiyajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kacittam. Sukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam catutthajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kacittam. Upekkhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pancamajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kacitam ceti im\u00e0ni panca pi r\u00f9p\u00e0vacaravip\u00e0kacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u0103m t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3 thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n (kusalahetu) alobha, adosa, amoha (v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, v\u00f4 si) r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalacitta cho n\u00ean \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi sau.<\/p>\n

S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI DUY T\u00c1C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) Vitakkavic\u00e0rap\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pathamajjh\u00e0nakriy\u00e0cittam. Vic\u00e0rap\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam dutiyajjh\u00e0nakriy\u00e0cittam. P\u00ectisukhekaggatasahitam tatiyajjh\u00e0nakriy\u00e0cittam. Sukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam catutthajjh\u00e0nakriy\u00e0cittam. Upekkhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pancamajjh\u00e0nakriy\u00e0cittam ceti im\u00e0ni panca pi r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Iccevam sabbath\u00e0 pi pannarasa r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalavip\u00e0kakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni samatt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pannarasa: 15. Samatt\u00e0ni: C\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 5 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 15 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi Thi\u1ec7n, D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c v\u1ecb La h\u00e1n c\u0169ng tu 5 thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 duy t\u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kriy\u00e0citta.<\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT 15 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) Pancadh\u00e0 jh\u00e0nabhedena r\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram\u00e0nasam Punnap\u00e0kakriy\u00e0bhed\u00e0 tam pancadasadh\u00e0 bhave.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pancadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i. Jh\u00e0nabhedena: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n. R\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram\u00e0nasam: S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u00fd. Punna: Thi\u1ec7n. P\u00e0ka: D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Kriy\u00e0: Duy t\u00e1c. Bhed\u00e0: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i chia ch\u1ebb. Tam: T\u00e2m \u1ea5y. Pancadasadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 15 lo\u1ea1i. Bhave: C\u00f3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n. Theo thi\u1ec7n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 15 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Theo thi\u1ec1n th\u1eddi S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i. Theo thi\u1ec7n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 15 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI T\u00c2M: 5 V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) \u00c0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanakusalacittam. Vinn\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanakusalacittam. \u00c0kincann\u00e0yatanakusalacittam. Nevasann\u00e0n\u00e0sann\u00e0yatanakusalacittam ceti im\u00e0ni catt\u00e0ri pi ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– \u00c0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatana: Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9. Vinn\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatana: Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9. \u00c0kincann\u00e0yatana: V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9. Nevasann\u00e0n\u00e0sann\u00e0yatana: Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh sau khi ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m thi\u1ec1n \u1edf c\u00f5i s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi mu\u1ed1n tu l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n \u1edf v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m tr\u00ean Patibh\u00e0ganimitta (Quang t\u01b0\u1edbng) nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u00fa t\u00e2m, th\u1eddi m\u1ed9t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, nh\u01b0 con \u0111om \u0111\u00f3m, ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y. V\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh mu\u1ed1n cho \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y tr\u00e0n lan kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 nay ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y chi\u1ebfu kh\u1eafp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ch\u1ed7. C\u00e1i h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kasinagghatim\u00e0k\u00e0sa (h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sanh t\u1eeb Kasina). Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ngh\u0129 “\u00c0k\u00e0sa ananto” (H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n. R\u1ed3i v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u00fa t\u00e2m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t Ar\u00f9pajh\u00e0na v\u00e0 suy t\u01b0\u1edfng: “Vinn\u00e0nam anantam” (Th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean) cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n (Vinn\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanam). Mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 “Natthi kinci” (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3). Mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1 t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m \u1edf s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c \u1edf c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n chi, c\u00f2n b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec1n \u1edf v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi sai kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 hai Pannatti (kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m) l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh. Trong 12 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai thi\u1ec1n chi l\u00e0 x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n nh\u01b0 sau: Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajj\u00e0na, Parikamma, Upac\u00e0ra, Anuloma, Gotrabh\u00f9, \u00c0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatana (\u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, c\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9, chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh, h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9). Parikamma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng, t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22) \u00c0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanavip\u00e0kacittam. Vinn\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanavip\u00e0kacittam. \u00c0kincann\u00e0yatanavip\u00e0kacittam. Nevasannan\u00e0sann\u00e0yatanavip\u00e0kacittam ceti im\u00e0ni catt\u00e0ri pi ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacaravip\u00e0kacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22) Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 4 T\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI DUY T\u00c1C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) \u00c0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanakriy\u00e0cittam, Vinn\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanakroy\u00e0cittam, \u00c0kincann\u00e0yatanakriy\u00e0cittam, Nevasann\u00e0n\u00e0sann\u00e0yatanakriy\u00e0cittam ceti im\u00e0ni pi ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Iccevam sabbath\u00e0 pi dv\u00e0dasa ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalavip\u00e0kakriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 12 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y do c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A La H\u00e1n tu 4 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 duy t\u00e1c m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. C\u1ea3 12 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai thi\u1ec1n chi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Upekkh\u00e0 (X\u1ea3) v\u00e0 Ekaggat\u00e0 (Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT 12 V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) \u00c0lambanappabhedena catudh\u00e0ruppam\u00e0nasam, Punnap\u00e0kakriy\u00e0bhed\u00e0 puna dv\u00e0dasadh\u00e0 thitam.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24 \u00c0lambana: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh. Bhedena: Chia ch\u1ebb, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Catudh\u00e0: B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i. Arupp\u00e0: V\u00f4 s\u1eafc. M\u00e0nasam: \u00dd. Puna: L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa. Dv\u00e0dasadh\u00e0: 12 lo\u1ea1i. Thitam: \u0110\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) Theo \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh, th\u1eddi c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo thi\u1ec7n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 12 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft 12 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu chia theo thi\u1ec7n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c th\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe T\u00c2M, SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe \u0110\u1ea0O T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) Sot\u00e0pattimaggacittam, Sakad\u00e0g\u00e0mimaggacittam, An\u00e0g\u00e0mimaggacittam, Arahattamaggacittam ceti im\u00e0ni catt\u00e0ri pi lokuttarakusalacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sot\u00e0pattimaggacittam: D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. Sakad\u00e0g\u00e0mimaggacitam: Nh\u1ee9t lai \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. An\u00e0g\u00e0mimaggacittam: B\u1ea5t lai \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. Arahattamaggacittam: A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. Catt\u00e0ri: B\u1ed1n. Lokuttara kusalacitt\u00e0ni: Si\u00eau th\u1ebf thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, Nh\u1ee9t lai \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, B\u1ea5t lai \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, b\u1ed1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A:<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u1edf c\u00f5i s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi hay v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do v\u00f4 minh l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u1edf hai c\u00f5i \u1ea5y l\u00e0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Do v\u1eady l\u00f2ng tham \u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t sanh v\u00e0 do v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh sau khi ch\u1ebft. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi 10 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o sau n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

1. Sak\u00e0yaditthi (th\u00e2n ki\u1ebfn),<\/p>\n

2) Vicikicch\u00e0 (nghi),<\/p>\n

3) S\u00eclabbatapar\u00e0m\u00e0sa (gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m th\u1ee7),<\/p>\n

4) K\u00e0m\u00e0r\u00e0ga (D\u1ee5c \u00e1i),<\/p>\n

5) Patigha (S\u00e2n),<\/p>\n

6) R\u00f9par\u00e0ga (s\u1eafc \u00e1i),<\/p>\n

7) Ar\u00f9par\u00e0ga (V\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u00e1i),<\/p>\n

8) M\u00e0na (m\u1ea1n)<\/p>\n

9) Uddhacca (tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed),<\/p>\n

10) Avijj\u00e0 (V\u00f4 minh).<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh, mu\u1ed1n di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tr\u00ean, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 Anicca (v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng), Dukkha (kh\u1ed5) v\u00e0 Anata (v\u00f4 ng\u00e3) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o th\u1ee9 nh\u1ee9t, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sot\u00e0panna t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Tu \u0111\u00e0-ho\u00e0n hay D\u1ef1 L\u01b0u. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o d\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh A-la-h\u00e1n sau b\u1ea3y \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, mu\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee3c hai phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 k\u00e0mar\u00e0ga (d\u1ee5c \u00e1i) v\u00e0 Patigha (s\u00e2n), v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sakad\u00e0g\u00e0mi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u01b0-\u0111\u00e0-h\u00e0m hay nh\u1ee9t-lai. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai m\u00f3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o d\u1ee5c \u00e1i v\u00e0 s\u00e2n, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 ba v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 An\u00e0g\u00e0mi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 A-na-h\u00e0m hay B\u1ea5t-Lai. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ebd, ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, hay s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e0 5 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Arahan t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ean th\u1eddi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 maggacittam hay \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ean, th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Phalacitta hay qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n:<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng. V\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y quan s\u00e1t t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc. Khi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3, v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 do 5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00f4 minh \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, \u00e1i th\u1ee7, kamma (nghi\u1ec7p) v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. V\u00ec 5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 sanh kh\u1edfi, v\u00e0 v\u00ec h\u00e0nh vi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i s\u1ebd chi ph\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Suy t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai (Kankh\u00e0vitaranavisuddhi – \u0110o\u1ea1n nghi t\u1ecbnh). R\u1ed3i v\u1ecb n\u00e0y qu\u00e1n m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3. Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0a m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y ba t\u00e1nh n\u00e0y chi ph\u1ed1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y m\u00e3i m\u00e3i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 \u0111au, v\u00ec v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u00f3 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5, d\u0129 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n

Trong khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u00fa t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n ph\u00e1t ra h\u00e0o quang. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y hoan l\u1ea1c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m an l\u1ea1c nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, l\u00f2ng tin nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh tinh t\u1ea5n. T\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3 v\u00ec s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a h\u00e0o quang, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y tha thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m t\u01b0 \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i v\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o (Magg\u00e0maggan\u00e0nadassana visuddhi – \u0110\u1ea1o phi \u0111\u1ea1o tri ki\u1ebfn t\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi (Udayan\u00e0na – Sanh tr\u00ed) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb (Vayan\u00e0na Di\u1ec7t tr\u00ed) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00fd sinh di\u1ec7t, s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1ecb n\u00e0y h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p (Bhangan\u00e0na – \u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00ed). V\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00fat d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. V\u1ecb \u1ea5y hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng gh\u00ea s\u1ee3 (Bhayan\u00e0na – Kinh h\u00e3i tr\u00ed). C\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea7m l\u1eeda, \u0111\u1ea7y nguy hi\u1ec3m. Ti\u1ebfp theo, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m (\u00c0d\u00ecnavan\u00e0na – Hi\u1ec3m nguy tr\u00ed) c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t (Nibbid\u00e0n\u00e0na) v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y (Muncitukamyat\u00e0n\u00e0na – D\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tr\u00ed).<\/p>\n

V\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tr\u00ean, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ba ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n (Patisankh\u00e0 n\u00e0na – Suy t\u01b0 tr\u00ed) v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y th\u1ea3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi, kh\u00f4ng tham \u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ph\u00e1p \u1edf th\u1ebf gian (Upekkh\u00e0 n\u00e0na – X\u1ea3 tr\u00ed). Khi \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t trong ba ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n, ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, r\u1ed3i qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng suy t\u01b0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh Javana nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

5<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6+7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Parikamma<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Upac\u00e0ra<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Anuloma<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Gotrabh\u00f9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Magga<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Phala<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

C\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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\u0110\u1ea1o<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

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Qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Parikamma \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, th\u1eddi qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ba s\u00e1t-na.<\/p>\n

T\u00e1m tr\u00ed n\u00e0y: Udaya, Vaya, Bhanga, Bhaya, \u00c0d\u00ecnava, Nibbid\u00e0, Patisankh\u00e0 v\u00e0 Upekkh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 Patipad\u00e0 N\u00e0nadassana Visuddhi. (\u0110\u1ea1o tri ki\u1ebfn t\u1ecbnh). Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sot\u00e0panna (D\u1ef1 L\u01b0u). R\u1ed3i v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u00e1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n. C\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd l\u00e0 c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu\u1ea7n – t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb trong b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t na r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m. \u1ede Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, thi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ak\u00e0liko.<\/p>\n

\u1ede D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, kamma hay nghi\u1ec7p chi ph\u1ed1i, c\u00f2n s\u1edf Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u1eddi Pann\u00e0 (Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7) chi ph\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe T\u00c2M: 4 QU\u1ea2 T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 26) Sot\u00e0pattiphalacittam. Sakad\u00e0g\u00e0miphalacittam, An\u00e0g\u00e0miphalacittam, Arahattaphalacittam, ceti im\u00e0ni catt\u00e0ri pi lokuttaravip\u00e0kacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

Iccevam sabbath\u00e0 pi attha lokuttarakusalavip\u00e0kacitt\u00e0ni samatt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 26) D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, nh\u1ee9t lai qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, b\u1ea5t lai qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, A-la-h\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m. B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m si\u00eau th\u1ebf thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam b\u1ed1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m n\u1eefa, th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m: B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n t\u00e2m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT C\u00c1C SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 27) Catummaggappabhedena, catudh\u00e0 kusalam tath\u00e0,<\/p>\n

P\u00e0kam tassa phalatt\u00e0 ti atthadh\u00e0nuttarammatam.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Catu: B\u1ed1n. Magga: Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Pabhedena: Do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Catudh\u00e0: C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n. Tath\u00e0: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. P\u00e0kam: D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Phalatt\u00e0: Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1nh. Atthadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 t\u00e1m. Anuttaram: V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Matam: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 27) Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m tr\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e1m si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed4NG PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I 89 D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 28) Dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusal\u00e0nevam Kusal\u00e0nekav\u00ecsati, Chattimseva vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni kriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni v\u00ecsati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Dv\u00e0dasa: 12. Akusal\u00e0ni: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. \u1eb8vam: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Kusal\u00e0ni: Thi\u1ec7n. Ekav\u00ecsati: 21. Chattimsa: 36. Vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni: D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Kriy\u00e0citt\u00e0ni: Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. V\u00ecsati: 20.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 28) C\u00f3 12 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 21 Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 36 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 20 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 12 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 21 Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m (8 T\u1ecbnh Quang t\u00e2m \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, 5 \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, 4 \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 4 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m). C\u00f3 36 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m (15 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m + 8 T\u1ecbnh Quang t\u00e2m + 5 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m + 4 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m + 4 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m) v\u00e0 20 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m (3 V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m + 8 T\u1ecbnh Quang t\u00e2m + 5 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m + 4 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

T\u1ed4NG PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I 89 T\u00c2M V\u00c0 121 T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 29) Catupann\u00e0sadh\u00e0 k\u00e0me r\u00f9pe pannaras\u00ecraye. Citt\u00e0ni dv\u00e0das\u00e0ruppe attha-dh\u00e0nuttara tath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Itthamek\u00f9nanavutippabhedam pana m\u00e0nasam,<\/p>\n

Ekav\u00ecsasatam v\u00e0tha vibhajanti vicakkhan\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Catupann\u00e0sadh\u00e0: 54 lo\u1ea1i. K\u00e0me: \u1ede d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. R\u00f9pe: \u1ede s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Pannarasa: 15. Iraye: Ireti, n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. Dv\u00e0dasa: 12. \u00c0ruppe: \u1ede V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Atthadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 8 lo\u1ea1i. Anuttare: \u1ede c\u00f5i Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tath\u00e0: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ittham: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ek\u00f9nanavuti: 89. Pabhedam: Chia ch\u1ebb. M\u00e0nasam: \u00dd. Ekav\u00ecsasatam: 121. V\u00e0: Hay l\u00e0. Atha: \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y. Vibhajanti: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, chia ch\u1ebb. Vicakkhan\u00e0: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 29) \u1ede D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 54 t\u00e2m, \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 15 t\u00e2m, \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 12 t\u00e2m, \u1edf Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 8 t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 89 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00ed l\u1ea1i chia c\u00f3 121 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi (54), \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (15), \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (12) v\u00e0 \u1edf Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (8). 89 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00ed chia th\u00e0nh 121 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I 121 T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 30) Katham ek\u00f9nanavutividham cittam ekav\u00ecsasatam hoti? Vitakkavic\u00e0rap\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pathamajjh\u00e0nasot\u00e0pattimaggacittam. Vic\u00e0rap\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam dutiyajjh\u00e0nasot\u00e0pattimaggacittam.<\/p>\n

P\u00ectisukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam tatiyajjh\u00e0nasot\u00e0pattimaggacittam.<\/p>\n

Sukhekaggat\u00e0sahitam catutthajjh\u00e0nasot\u00e0pattimaggacittam.<\/p>\n

Upekkhekaggat\u00e0sahitam pancamajjh\u00e0nasot\u00e0pattimaggacittam ceti im\u00e0ni panca pi sot\u00e0pattimaggacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 sakad\u00e0g\u00e0mimagga-an\u00e0g\u00e0mimagga-arahattamaggacittam ceti samav\u00ecsati maggacitt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 phalacit\u00e0ni ceti samacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa lokuttaracitt\u00e0ni bhavant\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Katham: Sao. Ek\u00f9nanavutividham: 89 lo\u1ea1i. Ekav\u00ecsasatam: 121. Samav\u00ecsati: C\u00f3 v\u1eeba 20. Samacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa: C\u00f3 v\u1eeba 40. Bhavanti: C\u00f3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 30) V\u00ec sao 89 t\u00e2m l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ra 121 t\u00e2m? \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n d\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 5 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Nh\u1ee9t lai \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, B\u1ea5t lai \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, A la h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 20 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m. C\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 40 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao 89 t\u00e2m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 121 t\u00e2m. D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m (Sot\u00e0patti-magga) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia th\u00e0nh 5 lo\u1ea1i, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c t\u00e2m Nh\u1ee9t lai, B\u1ea5t lai, A la h\u00e1n c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 20 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. C\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 20 qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 40 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i sau, c\u00f3 th\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 32 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i 89 t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I C\u00c1C SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 31a) Jh\u00e0nangayogabhedena katvekekam tu pancadh\u00e0,<\/p>\n

Vuccat\u00e0nuttaram cittam catt\u00e0lisa vidham ti ca.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Jh\u00e0nanga: C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n. Katv\u00e0: Khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. Ekekam: M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t. Pancadh\u00e0: 5 lo\u1ea1i Vuccati: G\u1ecdi l\u00e0. Anuttaram cittam: Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Catt\u00e0lisavidham: C\u00f3 40. Ca: V\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 31a) T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n, m\u1ed7i t\u00e2m Si\u00eau th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi 5 c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 40 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u00ec sao 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 40 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y t\u00e1m t\u00e2m \u1ea5y nh\u01a1n v\u1edbi 5 c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I C\u00c1C THI\u1ec0N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 31b) Yath\u00e0 ca r\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram gayh\u00e0nuttaram tath\u00e0, Patham\u00e0dijjh\u00e0nabhede \u00e0ruppam c\u00e0pi pancame,<\/p>\n

Ek\u00e0dasacidham tasm\u00e0 patham\u00e0dikam\u00ecritam,<\/p>\n

Jh\u00e0namekekamante tu tev\u00ecsatividham bhave.<\/p>\n

Sattatimsavidham punnam dvipann\u00e0savidham tath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

P\u00e0kamicc\u00e0hu citt\u00e0ni ekav\u00ecsasatam budh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Yath\u00e0 tath\u00e0: Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0. R\u00f9p\u00e0vacaram: S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Gayha: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a Ganh\u00e0ti, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y. Anuttaram: V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 cho Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m Patham\u00e0dijjh\u00e0nabhede: Theo s\u1ef1 chia ch\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n tr\u1edf \u0111i. \u00c0ruppam: V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Pancame: Th\u1ee9 n\u0103m Ek\u00e0dasavidham: 11 lo\u1ea1i. Tasm\u00e0: Do v\u1eady. Patham\u00e0dikam: \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n v.v… Iritam: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a Ireti: n\u00f3i, thuy\u1ebft. Jh\u00e0namekekam: M\u1ed7i thi\u1ec1n. Antam: Thi\u1ec1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Tev\u00ecsatividham: 23 lo\u1ea1i. Bhave: C\u00f3. Sattatimsavidham: 37. Dvipann\u00e0savidham: 52 P\u00e0kam: D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. \u00c0hu: \u0110\u00e3 n\u00f3i: Ek\u00e0v\u00ecsasatam: 121. Budh\u00e0: V\u1ecb s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 31b) C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u1edf s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, t\u00e2m \u1edf si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng chia ch\u1ebb nh\u01b0 v\u1eady (ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chia th\u00e0nh 5 c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n). V\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n v.v… V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m. Do v\u1eady, t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, m\u1ed7i thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 11 t\u00e2m. C\u00f2n thi\u1ec1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 23 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 37 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, 52 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ecb s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 121 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– K\u1ec3 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, c\u1ea3 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, xem v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, xem \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 40 t\u00e2m, th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia theo 5 Thi\u1ec1n k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

– Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: 11 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

– Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 hai: 11 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

– Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 ba: 11 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

– Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: 11 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

– Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m: 23 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd n\u00eau r\u00f5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f5i Thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Duy th\u1ee9c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Duy th\u1ee9c<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ea1o<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Tam thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n <\/td>\n <\/td>\n\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II – C\u00e1c Cetasika Hay T\u00e2m S\u1edf<\/h3>\n

PH\u1ea6N M\u1ed8T: C\u00c1C LO\u1ea0I T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf hay Cetasika. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed \u1ea5y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed d\u1ee5 trong 89 t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Cakkhuvinn\u00e0na (nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c), Sotavinn\u00e0na (nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c)…, nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ti\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 suy ngh\u0129 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm x\u00e9t k\u1ef9, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea5y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf:<\/p>\n

1) Phassa (X\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng),<\/p>\n

2) Ved\u00e0n\u00e0 (Th\u1ecd: c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3, ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng),<\/p>\n

3) Sann\u00e0 (T\u01b0\u1edfng: \u0110\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng),<\/p>\n

4) Cetan\u00e0 (T\u01b0: thi\u00ean \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng),<\/p>\n

5) Ekaggat\u00e0 (Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m: ch\u00fa t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng),<\/p>\n

6) J\u00ecvitindriya (M\u1ea1ng c\u0103n) v\u00e0<\/p>\n

7) Manasik\u00e0ra (T\u00e1c \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng).<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3y t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau. Ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u0103n v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c. Khi th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t theo.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: 13 Annasam\u00e0na (\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf) chia th\u00e0nh 2 lo\u1ea1i: 7 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Sabbacittas\u00e0dh\u00e0rana) v\u00e0 6 Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf (P\u00e0kinnaka), 14 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 25 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Sobhana). 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 thay ch\u1ed7 cho nhau \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00e2m sai kh\u00e1c, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

52 T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1) Ekupp\u00e0danirodh\u00e0 ca ek\u00e0lambanavatthuk\u00e0, Cetoyutt\u00e0 dvipann\u00e0sa dhamm\u00e0 cetasik\u00e0 mat\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ekupp\u00e0da: \u0110\u1ed3ng sanh. Ekanirodh\u00e0: \u0110\u1ed3ng di\u1ec7t. Ek\u00e0lambana: \u0110\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ekavatthuk\u00e0: \u0110\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t c\u0103n. Cetoyutt\u00e0: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Dvipann\u00e0sa: 52. Dhamm\u00e0: Ph\u00e1p. Cetasik\u00e0: T\u00e2m s\u1edf. Mat\u00e0: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a Mann\u00e0ti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1) T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u00f3 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed3ng di\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n v\u1edbi t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00f3 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng sanh, \u0111\u1ed3ng di\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, m\u1ed9t c\u0103n v\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u1ea3 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u1ea5y sanh v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh tr\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vinn\u00e0ttir\u00f9pa (ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc) c\u0169ng sanh di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu 2 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n sau. Theo Abhidhamma, c\u00f3 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Tr\u1eeb th\u1ecd t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Vedan\u00e0) v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Sann\u00e0), 50 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Sankh\u00e0ra (h\u00e0nh u\u1ea9n).<\/p>\n

7 BI\u1ebeN H\u00c0NH T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) Katham, Phasso, vedan\u00e0, Sann\u00e0, Cetan\u00e0, Ekaggat\u00e0, J\u00ecvitindriyam, Manasik\u00e0ro, ceti sattime cetasik\u00e0 sabbacittas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Katham? V\u00ec sao? Phasso: X\u00fac. Vedan\u00e0: Th\u1ecd. Sann\u00e0: T\u01b0\u1edfng. Cetan\u00e0: T\u01b0. Ekaggat\u00e0: Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m. J\u00ecvitindriyam: M\u1ea1ng c\u0103n. Manasik\u00e0ra: T\u00e1c \u00fd. Sattime: Satta + ime = B\u1ea3y (t\u00e2m s\u1edf) n\u00e0y. Sabbacittas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0: Nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf t\u00e2m bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh (t\u00e2m s\u1edf). N\u00e0ma: G\u1ecdi l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) V\u00ec sao? X\u00fac, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m, m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n, t\u00e1c \u00fd. B\u1ea3y t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf t\u00e2m bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

1) Phassa: T\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Phas: X\u00fac ch\u1ea1m. Phassa l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t hay tinh th\u1ea7n. X\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c. Theo l\u00fd 12 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, x\u00fac c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng sau, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i x\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

2) Vedan\u00e0 l\u00e0 th\u1ecd, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Vid ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh. Th\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd (sukha) kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd (dukkha) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 (adukkhamsukha). Ch\u00ednh Vedan\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1c quan.<\/p>\n

3) Sann\u00e0, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Sam + n\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u xanh v.v… Ch\u00ednh Sann\u00e0 gi\u00fap ta nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua gi\u00e1c quan. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 m\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u1ed7 nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e3 ghi tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m g\u1ed7.<\/p>\n

4) Cetan\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n cit ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Cetan\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, Cetan\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng vai ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, Pann\u00e0 tri tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3ng vai ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Cetan\u00e0 \u1edf Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p (Kamma). D\u1ea7u Cetan\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m (Vip\u00e0ka), c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb lu\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a.<\/p>\n

5) Ekaggat\u00e0 (nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m): Eka + agga + t\u00e0, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00f3, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 lay \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n. Khi Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 trau gi\u1ed3i, s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Sam\u00e0dhi (\u0110\u1ecbnh).<\/p>\n

6) J\u00ecvitindriya: m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n: J\u00ecvita l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng, Indriya l\u00e0 c\u0103n. S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng v\u00ec nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u0103n v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu. N\u1ebfu Cetan\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n n\u00e0y nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng cho Cetan\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i J\u00ecvitindriya. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 N\u00e0ma-J\u00ecvitindriya (danh m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n), hai l\u00e0 R\u00f9pa-j\u00ecvitindirya. (s\u1eafc m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n). Danh m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m s\u1edf, s\u1eafc m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0 hoa sen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1edfi n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9a con n\u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00fa nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c J\u00ecvitindriya nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. C\u1ea3 Danh m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n v\u00e0 S\u1eafc m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh kh\u1edfi khi b\u00e0o thai m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t khi m\u1ea1ng chung. V\u1eady s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u1ee7a J\u00ecvitindriya.<\/p>\n

7) Manasik\u00e0ra (t\u00e1c \u00fd) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh l\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0a con thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u00fd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 con thuy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1nh l\u00e1i. Manasik\u00e0ra kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Vitakka (T\u1ea7m). T\u00e1c \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ea7m qu\u0103ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u1eeba k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean khi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m n\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sabbacittas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 (Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf).<\/p>\n

6 BI\u1ec6T C\u1ea2NH T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) Vitakko, Vic\u00e0ro, Adhimokkho, Viriyam, P\u00ecti, Chando c\u00e0ti cha ime cetasik\u00e0 pakinnak\u00e0 n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vitakka: T\u1ea7m. Vic\u00e0ra: T\u1ee9. Adhimokkho: Th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i. Viriyam: Tinh t\u1ea5n. P\u00ecti: H\u1ef7. Chando: D\u1ee5c. C\u00e0ti: Ca + iti: V\u00e0. Cha: S\u00e1u. Ime cetasik\u00e0: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y. Pakinnak\u00e0: Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh. N\u00e0ma: G\u1ecdi l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) T\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, tinh t\u1ea5n, h\u1ef7, d\u1ee5c, s\u00e1u t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

6 T\u00e2m s\u1edf k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

1) Vitakka, ng\u1eef c\u0103n Vi + takk (suy ngh\u0129). Ch\u1eef n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a sai kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa Kinh t\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Abhidhamma t\u1ea1ng. Trong Kinh T\u1ea1ng, Vitakka c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. Trong Abhidhamma t\u1ea1ng, Vitakka c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 d\u00e1n \u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf, Vitakka ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, Vitakka tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u1edf quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Appan\u00e0vitakka. Khi Vitakka hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi trong Lokuttara maggacitta (Si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m), th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Samm\u00e0 Sankappa (ch\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy), v\u00ec n\u00f3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb t\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 d\u00e1n \u00e1p t\u00e2m tr\u00ean Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

2) Vic\u00e0ra: T\u1ee9; Vi + car (\u0111i ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ed7 kia). Vic\u00e0ra l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00e1n \u00e1p t\u00e2m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0 con ong \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eadu tr\u00ean c\u00e1i b\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Vitakka, bay tr\u00f2n hay \u0111i v\u00f2ng quanh c\u00e1i hoa l\u00e0 Vic\u00e0ra. Nh\u01b0 con chim \u0111\u1eadp c\u00e1nh s\u1eafp s\u1eeda bay l\u00e0 Vitakka, khi bay li\u1ec7ng tr\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Vic\u00e0ra. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ed1ng hay \u0111\u00e1nh chu\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Vitakka, ti\u1ebfng d\u1ed9i, ti\u1ebfng ng\u00e2n c\u1ee7a chu\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 Vic\u00e0ra. Vic\u00e0ra c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n, Vic\u00e0ra tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t Vicikicch\u00e0 (nghi).<\/p>\n

3) Adhimokkha (th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i) Adhi + m\u1ee5c, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Adhimokkha th\u1ea3 t\u00e2m ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Adhimokkha l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t quan t\u00f2a tuy\u00ean \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

4) Viriya t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Vaj, \u0111i v\u00e0 ir. V\u00ec thay cho Aj. Vira l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tinh t\u1ea5n, c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. Nh\u01b0 ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 m\u1edbi ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1, c\u0169ng v\u1eady c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Viriya ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1. Viriya \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong 5 ph\u00e1p ng\u0169 c\u0103n (indriya) v\u00ec di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c. Viriya c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ng\u0169 l\u1ef1c (bala) V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfng nh\u00e1c lay \u0111\u1ed9ng. Viriya n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh 4 Ch\u00e1nh c\u1ea7n (Sammappadh\u00e0na), th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong 7 Gi\u00e1c chi (Sattabojjahanga) v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong B\u00e1t Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o (Atthangikamagga) l\u00e0 Samm\u00e0v\u00e0y\u00e0mo (ch\u00e1nh tinh t\u1ea5n).<\/p>\n

5) P\u00ecti: h\u1ef7, t\u1eeb, ng\u1eef c\u0103n P\u00ec: hoan h\u1ef7, th\u00edch th\u00fa. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd nh\u01b0 Sukha (l\u1ea1c) nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc Sukha. P\u00ecti \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m th\u00edch th\u00fa \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i P\u00ecti:<\/p>\n

1. Khuddaka p\u00ecti, s\u1ef1 hoan h\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn da n\u1ed5i l\u00ean nh\u01b0 r\u1ee1n t\u00f3c g\u00e1y;<\/p>\n

2. Khanika p\u00ecti, s\u00e1t na h\u1ef7, ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi ra trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat nh\u01b0 ch\u1edbp;<\/p>\n

3. Okhantika p\u00ecti, h\u1ea3i tri\u1ec1u h\u1ef7, d\u00e2ng l\u00ean nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea3i tri\u1ec1u;<\/p>\n

4. Ubbega p\u00ecti, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u0103ng h\u1ef7, khi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay l\u00ean h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5c b\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3 cu\u1ed1n \u0111i;<\/p>\n

5. Pharana p\u00ecti, sung m\u00e3n h\u1ef7, th\u1ea5m thu\u1ea7n to\u00e0n th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ee5t tr\u00e0n qua h\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

6) Chanda (d\u1ee5c), t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n chad: ao \u01b0\u1edbc, mu\u1ed1n, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Chanda l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m (kattukamyat\u00e0), gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0a tay \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i chanda:<\/p>\n

1. K\u00e0macchanda ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tham d\u1ee5c, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n;<\/p>\n

2. Kattukamyat\u00e0 chanda ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ao \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u00e1c;<\/p>\n

3. Dhammachanda, ph\u00e1p d\u1ee5c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ham mu\u1ed1n ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh. Ch\u00ednh Dhammachanda n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn Th\u00e1i t\u1eed T\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1t Ta xu\u1ea5t gia.<\/p>\n

14 B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 4) Moho, ahirikam, anottappam, uddhaccam, lobho, ditthi, m\u00e0no, doso, iss\u00e0, macchariyam, kukkuccam, th\u00ecnam, middham, vicikicch\u00e0 ceti cuddasime cetasik\u00e0 akusal\u00e0 n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Moho: Si, Ahirikam: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m. Anottappam: V\u00f4 qu\u00fd. Uddhacca: Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed. Lobho: Tham. Ditthi: T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. M\u00e0no: M\u1ea1n. Doso: S\u00e2n. Iss\u00e0: T\u1eadt. Macchariyam: Xan. Kukkuccam: H\u1ed3i. Th\u00ecna: H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m. Middha: Th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean. Vicikicch\u00e0: Nghi. Cuddasa: 14.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 4) Si, v\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed, tham, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, m\u1ea1n, s\u00e2n, t\u1eadt, xan, h\u1ed1i, h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean, nghi, 14 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 1) Moha, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Muh, b\u1ecb s\u1eedng s\u1ed1t, b\u1ecb m\u00ea m\u1edd. Moha l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba c\u0103n b\u1ea3n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Ch\u00ednh Moha tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u00fd nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o v\u00e0 l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

2) Ahirika: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n khi l\u00e0m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u00e0m s\u1ebd th\u1ed1i lui kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u00f4ng con g\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng th\u1ed1i lui tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecf. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Hiri c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do d\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

3) Anottappa: V\u00f4 qu\u00fd. Na + ava + tapp: b\u1ecb \u0111au kh\u1ed5, b\u1ee9t r\u1ee9t. Ottappa: L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, s\u1ee3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. Anottappa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con b\u01b0\u1edbm, c\u00e1nh b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y x\u00e9m n\u00ean r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 l\u1eeda. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0m qu\u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. T\u00e0m v\u00e0 qu\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nhau. T\u00e0m l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00f2n qu\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ea c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m. T\u00e0m d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00f2ng h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n, Qu\u00fd d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00f2ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Khi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng T\u00e0m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta suy gh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn danh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o m\u00ecnh, c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 m\u00ecnh. Khi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng Qu\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00ec t\u1ef1 h\u1ed1i, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00ec h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t, v\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi sau v.v… T\u00e0m v\u00e0 Qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u0103n minh.<\/p>\n

4) Uddhacca: Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n U (tr\u00ean) + Dhu, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng tro b\u1ecb h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e9m ph\u1ea3i. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i dao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong ng\u0169 c\u00e1i (n\u00ecvarana) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sukha (l\u1ea1c) thay th\u1ebf trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Uddhacca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a ki\u00eau m\u1ea1n, 4 t\u00e2m s\u1edf Si, v\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

5) Lobha (tham) t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Ludh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00f4m \u1ea5p, b\u00edu l\u1ea5y. Khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 v\u1eadt g\u00ec t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p th\u1eddi tham t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

6) Ditthi: T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Dis ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. Moha (si) v\u00e0 Ditthi (t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn) kh\u00e1c nhau. Si che ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f2n Ditthi l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n v.v… Ditthi t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n v\u1edbi N\u00e0na (tr\u00ed). Tr\u00ed th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00f2n Ditthi th\u1eddi b\u00e1c b\u1ecf th\u1ec3 t\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn sai l\u1ea1c, l\u1ea7m l\u1eabn.<\/p>\n

7) M\u00e0na (m\u1ea1n) t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n man ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129, ki\u00eau ng\u1ea1o, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

8) Dosa (s\u00e2n) t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n dus ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1eadt \u00fd, kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n

9) Iss\u00e0: (T\u1eadt) t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n i + su, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ganh gh\u00e9t. Th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u00e0u sang v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng sanh l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1 k\u1ef5.<\/p>\n

10) Macchariyam ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 xen l\u1eabn, d\u1ea7u k\u00edn s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u sang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

11) Kukkucca: H\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc kukatassa bh\u00e0vo, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i khi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 g\u00ec sai l\u1ea7m. H\u1ed1i qu\u00e1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfc nu\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

12) Th\u00ecna: H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n the ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 co l\u1ea1i, r\u00fat l\u1ea1i, tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m co r\u00fat l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 l\u00f4ng con g\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

13) Middha t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Middha ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng. Middha l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i mu\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e8n y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Th\u00ecna v\u00e0 Middha th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi nhau v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ng\u0169 c\u00e1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m s\u1edf Vitakka (t\u1ea7m) tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t. Th\u00ecna \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111au y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c (citta) v\u00e0 Middha \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111au y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ebf (K\u00e0ya-gelann\u00e0), nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eef K\u00e0ya \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Vedan\u00e0, sann\u00e0 v\u00e0 sankh\u00e0r\u00e0: Th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 H\u00e0nh).<\/p>\n

14) Vicikicch\u00e0. Vici ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u. Kicchati l\u00e0 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi, ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n v\u00ec t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a Vi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, Cikicch\u00e0: thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb, thi\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

25 T\u1ecaNH QUANG T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

-5) Saddh\u00e0, Sati, Hiri, Ottappam, Alobho, Adoso, Tatramajjhattat\u00e0, K\u00e0yapassaddhi, Cittapassaddhi, K\u00e0yalahut\u00e0, Cittalahut\u00e0, K\u00e0yamudut\u00e0, Cittamudut\u00e0, K\u00e0yakammannat\u00e0, Cittakammannat\u00e0, K\u00e0yap\u00e0gunnat\u00e0, Cittap\u00e0gunnat\u00e0, K\u00e0yujjukat\u00e0, Cittujjukat\u00e0, ceti ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsatime cetasik\u00e0 sobhanas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Saddh\u00e0: T\u00edn. Sati: Ni\u1ec7m. Hiri: T\u00e0m. Ottappam: Qu\u00fd. Alobho: V\u00f4 tham. Adoso: V\u00f4 s\u00e2n. Tatramajjhattat\u00e0: Trung t\u00e1nh hay x\u1ea3. K\u00e0yapassaddhi: T\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u01b0 th\u00e1i. Cittapassaddhi: T\u00e2m th\u01b0 th\u00e1i. K\u00e0yalahut\u00e0: T\u00e2m s\u1edf khinh an. Cittalahut\u00e0: T\u00e2m khinh an. K\u00e0yamudut\u00e0: T\u00e2m s\u1edf nhu nhuy\u1ebfn. Cittamudut\u00e0: T\u00e2m nhu nhuy\u1ebfn. K\u00e0yakammannat\u00e0: T\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. Cittakammannat\u00e0: T\u00e2m th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. K\u00e0yap\u00e0gunnat\u00e0: T\u00e2m s\u1edf tinh luy\u1ec7n. Cittap\u00e0gunnat\u00e0: T\u00e2m tinh luy\u1ec7n. K\u00e0yujjukat\u00e0: T\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c. Cittujjukat\u00e0: T\u00e2m ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c. Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsati: 19. Sobhanas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0: Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 5) T\u00edn, ni\u1ec7m, t\u00e0m, qu\u00fd, v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, trung t\u00e1nh, t\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u01b0 th\u00e1i, t\u00e2m th\u01b0 th\u00e1i, t\u00e2m s\u1edf khinh an, t\u00e2m khinh an, t\u00e2m s\u1edf nhu nhuy\u1ebfn, t\u00e2m nhu nhuy\u1ebfn, t\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, t\u00e2m th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, t\u00e2m s\u1edf tinh luy\u1ec7n, t\u00e2m tinh luy\u1ec7n, t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c, t\u00e2m ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 19 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 19 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Lobha, Dosa, Moha c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng v\u00e0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, m\u1ea5t suy \u0111o\u00e1n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m t\u1ecbnh quang, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh. Passaddhi, Luhat\u00e0, Mudut\u00e0, Kammannat\u00e0, P\u00e0gunnat\u00e0 v\u00e0 Ujjukat\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7n bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 thanh tho\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

1) Saddh\u00e0: (T\u00edn) t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Sam, t\u1ed1t, kh\u00e9o + dah: \u0111\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ed1ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Tam B\u1ea3o. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a tin l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn k\u00edch th\u00edch ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n. Khi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin th\u00ec c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o nghi ng\u1edd ti\u00eau s\u1ea1ch, nh\u01b0 h\u00f2n ng\u1ecdc l\u00e0m n\u01b0\u1edbc trong. Khi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin th\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00edch cao h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ed9i qua m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac s\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 l\u1ed9i khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tin v\u00e0o l\u1ed9i theo. T\u00edn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 cu\u1ed3ng t\u00edn.<\/p>\n

2) Sati: (ni\u1ec7m) t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n sar t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00ed nh\u1edb m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ed9ng ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Sati n\u1ebfu kh\u00e9o luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00fac m\u1ea1ng minh. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Sati l\u00e0 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef kh\u00f4ng cho thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qu\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. N\u00ean nh\u1edb l\u00e0 Sati n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

3 v\u00e0 4) Hiri v\u00e0 Ottappa (xem ahiri v\u00e0 anottappa \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc).<\/p>\n

5) Alobha v\u00f4 tham, \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi Lobha (tham). Alobha c\u00f3 h\u00e0m ngh\u0129a d\u00e0na (b\u1ed1 th\u00ed), m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ecb tha t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u01a1i tr\u00ean l\u00e1 sen v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y tu\u1ed9t lu\u00f4n, \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Alobha l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u01b0u d\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

6) Adosa, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi Dosa. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Adosa \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi Mett\u00e0, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Adosa l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a h\u1eddn gi\u1eadn b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

7) Tatramajjhattat\u00e0: Tatra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Majjhattat\u00e0: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trung t\u00e1nh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 xem \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 t\u01b0 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh xe xem m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p ng\u1ef1a kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. Nhi\u1ec1u khi, Tatramajjhattata l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi Upekkh\u00e0 (x\u1ea3) nh\u01b0 trong b\u1ed1n v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong 7 Gi\u00e1c chi. Tatramajjhattat\u00e0 n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Upekkh\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m ahetuka (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m) nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi Upekkh\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c kusala citta (Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

8 v\u00e0 9) K\u00e0yapassaddhi v\u00e0 Cittapassaddhi t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Pa + Sambh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 an t\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb hay l\u00e0m d\u1ecbu xu\u1ed1ng s\u1ef1 n\u00f3ng h\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt d\u1ee5c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o (Kilesadaratha – v\u00f9pasam), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu n\u00f3ng. Passaddhi tr\u00e1i ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi Uddhacca (tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed). Ch\u1eef K\u00e0ya \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m s\u1edf, c\u00f2n citta ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m,<\/p>\n

10 v\u00e0 11) K\u00e0yalahut\u00e0 v\u00e0 Cittalahut\u00e0, t\u1eeb ch\u1eef Laghu ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eb9, mau. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 n\u1eb7ng tr\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng xu\u1ed1ng. Lahut\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb Th\u00ecna v\u00e0 middha (th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean).<\/p>\n

12 v\u00e0 13) K\u00e0yamudut\u00e0 v\u00e0 Cittamudut\u00e0. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng da th\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nhu nhuy\u1ebfn v\u00ec c\u00f3 thoa d\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ng\u00e2m n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

14 v\u00e0 15) K\u00e0ya-kammannat\u00e0 v\u00e0 Citta-kammannat\u00e0. Kamma + Aya + t\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec. T\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee5c s\u1eaft b\u1ecb nung \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

16 v\u00e0 17) K\u00e0yap\u00e0gunnat\u00e0 v\u00e0 Cittap\u00e0gunnat\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tinh luy\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

18 v\u00e0 19) K\u00e0yujjukat\u00e0 v\u00e0 Cittujjukat\u00e0 – ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi quanh co t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

BA TI\u1ebeT CH\u1ebe, HAI V\u00d4 L\u01af\u1ee2NG V\u00c0 HU\u1ec6 C\u0102N T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

-6) Samm\u00e0v\u00e0c\u00e0, samm\u00e0-kammanto, samm\u00e0-\u00e0f\u00ecvo ceti tisso viratiyo n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

-7) Karun\u00e0 Mudit\u00e0 pana appamann\u00e0yo n\u00e0m\u00e0 ti sabbath\u00e0 pi pannindriyena saddhim pancav\u00ecsatime cetasik\u00e0 sobhan\u00e0ti veditabb\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Samm\u00e0v\u00e0c\u00e0: Ch\u00e1nh ng\u1eef. Samm\u00e0kammanto: Ch\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p. Samm\u00e0 \u00e0j\u00ecvo: Ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng. Tisso: Ba. Viratiyo: Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf. Karun\u00e0: Bi. Mudit\u00e0: H\u1ef7. Appamann\u00e0yo: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Sabbath\u00e0: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Pannindriya: Hu\u1ec7 c\u0103n. Saddhim: V\u1edbi. Pancav\u00ecsati: 25. Ime cetasik\u00e0: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y: Sobhana: T\u1ecbnh quang. Veditabb\u00e0: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6, 7) Ch\u00e1nh ng\u1eef, ch\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng, ba t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Bi v\u00e0 h\u1ef7 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi hu\u1ec7 c\u0103n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 25 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi 6 t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y v\u00e0 19 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u00ean, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 25 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Virati t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Vi (kh\u00f4ng) + r\u1ea1m (l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edfng), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edfng. R\u1ed1t r\u00e1o m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, ba t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi nhau trong c\u00e1c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. \u1ede tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi ri\u00eang v\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn ba Cetan\u00e0 (T\u01b0). Ba t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y khi hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u1edf Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m th\u00ec th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Maggacitta (\u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m) v\u00e0 h\u1ecdp th\u00e0nh gi\u1edbi (S\u00ecla).<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e1nh ng\u1eef t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u1ef7 ng\u1eef. Ch\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp v\u00e0 t\u00e0 d\u00e2m. Ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c, r\u01b0\u1ee3u, v\u00f5 kh\u00ed, n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1t sanh.<\/p>\n

Appamann\u00e0: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a hai t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00ean d\u00f9ng danh t\u1eeb Appamanno (v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng). 4 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 Mett\u00e0, karun\u00e0, mudit\u00e0, upekkh\u00e0 (T\u1eeb bi h\u1ef7 x\u1ea3). V\u00ec adosa (v\u00f4 s\u00e2n) ch\u1ec9 cho Mett\u00e0, v\u00e0 Tatramajjhattat\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho Upekkh\u00e0 (x\u1ea3) n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i Karun\u00e0 v\u00e0 mudit\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Mett\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n mida, l\u00e0m cho d\u1ecbu, th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 mong \u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ea9n guy\u1ec7n cho h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh. Mett\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh. Mett\u00e0 bao tr\u00f9m to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang sanh kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ai. C\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Mett\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp b\u1ea3n ng\u00e3 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh. (Sabbatthat\u00e0).<\/p>\n

Karun\u00e0 (bi), t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Kar (l\u00e0m) + un\u00e0, c\u00e1i l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sanh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 karun\u00e0 (bi), c\u00e1i l\u00e0m ti\u00eau tan s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 karun\u00e0. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a karun\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7u mong di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Mudit\u00e0 (H\u1ef7) t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Mud (hoan h\u1ef7). Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh su\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m t\u00ecnh \u1ea5y. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Mudit\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u sang th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Mudit\u00e0 bao tr\u00f9m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sanh gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/p>\n

Upekkh\u00e0 (x\u1ea3): Upa (v\u00f4 t\u01b0, ch\u00e1nh x\u00e1c) + ikkh (th\u1ea5y), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 t\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng gh\u00e9t. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Upekkh\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ecb, v\u00f4 t\u01b0.<\/p>\n

Pannindriya: Pa (\u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn) + n\u00e0 (bi\u1ebft), bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafn. \u0110\u1eb7c t\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ec7 c\u0103n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt. V\u00ec Pann\u00e0 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb \u01b0u th\u1eafng trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hu\u1ec7 c\u0103n. Theo Abhidhamma, N\u00e0na (tr\u00ed), Pann\u00e0 (Hu\u1ec7) v\u00e0 Amoha (v\u00f4 si) \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi nhau. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed (n\u00e0nasampayutta), Tr\u00ed t\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 cho Pann\u00e0. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng iddhip\u00e0da (th\u1ea7n t\u00fac th\u00f4ng), Pann\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00ecmams\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 suy t\u00ecm. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Sam\u00e0dhi l\u00e0m cho trong s\u1ea1ch, Pann\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Abhinn\u00e0 (Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed). Pann\u00e0 c\u0169ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong Th\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c chi (Sattabojjhanga), v\u1edbi danh hi\u1ec7u Dhammavicaya (Tr\u1ea1ch ph\u00e1p) v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Samm\u00e0ditthi (ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn) trong Magganga. S\u1ef1 t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Pann\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Pann\u00e0 theo ngh\u0129a tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt theo \u0111\u00fang l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng (anicca), kh\u1ed5 (dukkha) v\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 (anatta).<\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT C\u00c1C T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Ett\u00e0vat\u00e0 ca,<\/p>\n

Terasannasam\u00e0n\u00e0 ca cuddas\u00e0kusal\u00e0 tath\u00e0,<\/p>\n

Sobhan\u00e0 pancav\u00ecsati dvipann\u00e0sa pavuccare.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ett\u00e0vat\u00e0: Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ch\u1ec9 \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay. Terasa: 13. Ann\u00e0saman\u00e0: \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Cuddasa: 14. Akusal\u00e0: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. Tath\u00e0: C\u0169ng v\u1eady. Sobhana: T\u1ecbnh quang. Pancav\u00ecsati: 25. Dvipann\u00e0sa: 52. Pavuccare: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) V\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i 13 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Annasam\u00e0n\u00e0), 14 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf, 25 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, 13 Annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 (\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf). 14 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 25 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

PH\u1ea6N HAI – NH\u1eeeNG T\u00c2M S\u1ede N\u00c0O \u0110\u00c3 HI\u1ec6N H\u00c0NH TRONG NH\u1eeeNG T\u00c2M N\u00c0O<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

-9) Tesam citt\u00e0viyutt\u00e0nam yath\u00e0yogamito param,<\/p>\n

Cittupp\u00e0desu paccekam sampayogo pavuccati.<\/p>\n

Satta sabbattha yujjanti yath\u00e0yogam pakinnak\u00e0,<\/p>\n

Cuddas\u00e0kusalesveva sobhanesveva sobhan\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tesam: Ch\u00fang n\u00f3. Citt\u00e0viyutt\u00e0nam: Kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Yath\u00e0yogam: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. Ito param: T\u1eeb nay \u0111\u1ebfn sau. Cittupp\u00e0desu: Trong s\u1ef1 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Paccekam: M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t. Sampayogo: S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. Pavuccati: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. Satta: B\u1ea3y. Sabbattha: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed7. Yujjanti: S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. Pakinnak\u00e0: Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Cuddasa: 14 Akusalesu: Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m: Sobhanesu: Trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m. Sobhan\u00e0; C\u00e1c t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y trong s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nay, t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. 7 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m. 6 Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf s\u1ebd k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng. 14 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. 25 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi trong c\u00e1c T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. 7 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf l\u00e0 x\u00fac, th\u1ecd, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m, m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u00fd c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m. 6 Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u1ea5m \u1edf T\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, tinh t\u1ea5n, h\u1ef7, d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng. 14 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 12 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 25 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 59 hay 91 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

7 BI\u1ebeN H\u00c0NH T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) Katham? Sabba-cittas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 t\u00e0va satta cetasik\u00e0 sabbesu pi ek\u00f9nanavuti cittupp\u00e0desu labbhanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Katham: Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Sabbacittas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0: Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m. T\u00e0va: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y. Sattacetasik\u00e0: 7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Sabbesu: Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Ek\u00f9nanavuti: 89. Cittupp\u00e0desu: Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Labbhanti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft b\u1ea3y bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 89 t\u1ea7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea6M T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N<\/p>\n

– 11a) Pakinnakesu pana vitakko t\u00e0va dvipancavinn\u00e0navajjita k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaracittesu ceva ek\u00e0dasasu patthamajjh\u00e0nacittesu ceti panca pann\u00e0sacittesu uppajjati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pakinnakesu: Trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Vitakkho: T\u1ea7m. T\u00e0va: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft. Dvipancavinn\u00e0na: 10 th\u1ee9c. Vajjita Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. K\u00e0m\u00e0vacaracittesu: Trong c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Ek\u00e0dasasu: Trong 11 t\u00e2m. Pathamajjh\u00e0nacittesu: Trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Pancapann\u00e0sacittesu: Trong 55 t\u00e2m. Uppajjati: Kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11a) Trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 T\u1ea7m t\u00e2m s\u1edf. T\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong 55 t\u00e2m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u1eeb 10 th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 trong 11 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vitakka (t\u1ea7m) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u1eeb 10 th\u1ee9c trong ahetukacitta (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m). Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00f4 s\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 suy t\u01b0 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Vitakka. K\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c n\u00ean c\u00f3 10 th\u1ee9c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, tr\u1eeb 10 th\u1ee9c ra, Vitakka c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m: 12<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m (18 – 10): 8<\/p>\n

T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m: 24<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 44 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Vitakka c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 11 \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n

S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi Thi\u1ec7n + D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c + Duy t\u00e1c: 3<\/p>\n

Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: 8<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 11<\/p>\n

V\u00ec Vitakka kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 11 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Vitakka c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 55 t\u00e2m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

T\u1ee8, TH\u1eb2NG GI\u1ea2I, TINH T\u1ea4N, H\u1ef6 V\u00c0 D\u1ee4C<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11b) Vic\u00e0ro pana tesu ceva ek\u00e0dasasu dutiyajjh\u00e0nacittesu ceti chasatthicittesu j\u00e0yati.<\/p>\n

c) Adhimokkho dvipancavinn\u00e0nacicikicch\u00e0vajjitacittesu.<\/p>\n

d) Viriyam pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana-dvipancavinn\u00e0nasampaticchana- sant\u00ecranavajjitacittesu.<\/p>\n

e) P\u00ecti domanassupekkh\u00e0sahagata-k\u00e0yavinn\u00e0na-catutthajjh\u00e0navajjitacittesu.<\/p>\n

f) Chando ahetukam-mom\u00f9havajjitacittesu labbhati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vic\u00e0ra: T\u1ee9, Chasatthicittesu: Trong 66 t\u00e2m. J\u00e0yati: Sanh ra, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Adhimokkho: Th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i. Dvipancavinn\u00e0navicikicch\u00e0vajjita: Tr\u1eeb 10 th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nghi t\u00e2m. Viriyam: Tinh t\u1ea5n. Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0v\u1ea1jj\u00e0na: Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m. Sampaticchana: Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m. Sant\u00ecrana: Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m. P\u00ecti. H\u1ef7. Domanassa: \u01afu, Sahagata: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu. Catutthajjh\u00e0na: \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n. Chando: D\u1ee5c. Ahetuka: V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Mom\u00f9ha: Si t\u00e2m. Labbhati: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11b) T\u00e2m s\u1edf Vic\u00e0ra (t\u1ee9) sanh kh\u1edfi trong 66 t\u00e2m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00eam 11 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m s\u1edf Adhimokkha (th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb 10 th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nghi t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m s\u1edf Viriyam (tinh t\u1ea5n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, 10 th\u1ee9c, l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd t\u00e2m v\u00e0 suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m s\u1edf P\u00ecti (h\u1ef7) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m s\u1edf Chanda (d\u1ee5c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 si t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Vic\u00e0ra c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 55 t\u00e2m k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 11 \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 th\u1ea3y l\u00e0 66 t\u00e2m, v\u00ec Vic\u00e0ra ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m cao h\u01a1n. Adhimokkha kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u00e2m nghi ng\u1edd (Vicikicch\u00e0), l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong 10 th\u1ee9c, v\u00ec 10 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c su\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u1eeb 11 t\u00e2m tr\u00ean. Adhimokkha c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 89 – 11: 78 t\u00e2m. Viriya kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajj\u00e0na (ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m), 10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, v\u00ec ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu \u1edbt \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 Viriya. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Viriya ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 89 – 16: 73 t\u00e2m. P\u00ecti (h\u1ef7) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

1) Domanassa-sahagata (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi v\u1edbi \u01b0u): 2<\/p>\n

2) Upekkh\u00e0sahagata (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3) Lobha (tham): 4<\/p>\n

Moha (si): 2<\/p>\n

Ahetuka-akusala-vip\u00e0ka (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c): 6<\/p>\n

Ahetuka-kusala-vip\u00e0ka (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c): 6<\/p>\n

Ahetuka-kiriy\u00e0 (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n duy t\u00e1c): 2<\/p>\n

K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhana (D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m): 12<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n (s\u1eafc + v\u00f4 s\u1eafc + si\u00eau th\u1ebf): 23<\/p>\n

3) K\u00e0ya-vinn\u00e0na (Th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c, kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c): 2<\/p>\n

4) \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n (s\u1eafc + si\u00eau th\u1ebf): 11<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 70<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady P\u00ecti ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 121 – 70: 51 t\u00e2m. P\u00ecti l\u00e0 1 ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i 121 t\u00e2m. Chanda (d\u1ee5c) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 18 ahetuka (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m) v\u00e0 2 si t\u00e2m (mom\u00f9ha). Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Chanda ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 89 – 20: 69 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) Te pana cittupp\u00e0d\u00e0 yath\u00e0kkamam.<\/p>\n

Chasatthi pancapann\u00e0sa ek\u00e0dasa ca solasa,<\/p>\n

Sattati v\u00ecsati ceva pakinnakavivajjit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Pancapann\u00e0sa chasatthitthasattati tisattati,<\/p>\n

Ekapann\u00e0sa cek\u00f9nasattati sapakinnak\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Te cittupp\u00e0d\u00e0: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea5y. Yath\u00e0kkamam: Theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. Chasatthi: 66. Pancapann\u00e0sa: 55. Ek\u00e0dasa: 11. Solasa: 16. Sattati: V\u00ecsati: 20. Pakinnakavivajjit\u00e0: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Atthasattati: 78 Tisattati: 73. Ekapann\u00e0sa: 51. Ek\u00f9nasattati: 69. Sapakinnak\u00e0: C\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea5y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf: 66 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Vitakka), 55 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Vic\u00e0ra), 11 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Adhimokkha), 16 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Viriyam), 70 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 P\u00ecti) v\u00e0 20 t\u00e2m (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Chanda).<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m sau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. 55 t\u00e2m (c\u00f3 Vitakka), 66 t\u00e2m (c\u00f3 Vic\u00e0ra), 78 t\u00e2m (c\u00f3 Adhimokkha), 73 t\u00e2m (c\u00f3 Viriyam) 51 t\u00e2m (c\u00f3 P\u00ecti) v\u00e0 69 t\u00e2m (c\u00f3 Chanda).<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00eau r\u00f5 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. 66 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Vitakka, 55 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Vic\u00e0ra, 11 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Adhimokkha, 16 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Viriyam, 70 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 P\u00ecti v\u00e0 20 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Chanda.<\/p>\n

55 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 Vitakka, 66 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 Vic\u00e0ra, 78 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 Adhimokkha, 73 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 Viriyam, 51 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 P\u00ecti v\u00e0 69 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 Chanda.<\/p>\n

14 BI\u1ebeN H\u00c0NH B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13 (a) Akusalesu pana moho, ahirikam, anottappam, uddhaccam ceti catt\u00e0rome cetasik\u00e0 sabb\u00e0kusalas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 n\u00e0ma. Sabbesu pi dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusalesu labbhanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Akusalesu: Trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Moho: Si. Ahirikam: V\u00f4 t\u00e0m. Anottappam: V\u00f4 qu\u00fd. Uddhaccam: Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed. Catt\u00e0ri: B\u1ed1n. Ime + cetasik\u00e0: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y. Sabba-akusalas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0: Nh\u1ee9t th\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Sabbesu dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusalesu: Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Labbhanti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13a) Si, v\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed, b\u1ed1n t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Do si (moha), con ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh tham v\u00e0 s\u00e2n, l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, Si l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u00fd n\u00ean l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, v\u00ec v\u1eady v\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c trong khi th\u00e2n t\u00e2m an t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. V\u00ec v\u1eady Uddhacca (tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

THAM, T\u00c0 KI\u1ebeN V\u00c0 M\u1ea0N T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13b) Lobho atthasu lobhasahagatacittasveva labbhati. Ditthi catusu ditthigatasampayuttesu. M\u00e0no catusu ditthigatavippayuttesu.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Lobho: Tham Ditthi: T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. M\u00e0no: M\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13b) Tham \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u00e1m t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi tham. T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 4 t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. M\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 4 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Tham t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi Ditthi (t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn) hay \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac v\u1edbi M\u00e0no (m\u1ea1n). Khi t\u00e2m \u1ea5y ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1eafm, t\u00e2m \u1ea5y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f4i khi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng do s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ki\u00eau m\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

S\u00c2N, T\u1eacT, XAN, H\u1ed0I, H\u00d4N TR\u1ea6M, TH\u1ee4Y MI\u00caN T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13c) Doso, iss\u00e0 macchariyam, kukkuccam ca dv\u00ecsu patighacittesu. Th\u00ecnam middham pancasu sasankh\u00e0rikacittesu. Vicikicch\u00e0 vicikicch\u00e0ahagatacitte yeva labbhat\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Doso. S\u00e2n, Iss\u00e0: T\u1eadt. Macchariyam: Xan, keo ki\u1ebft. Kukkuccam: H\u1ed1i Dv\u00ecsu patighacittesu: Trong hai s\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13c) S\u00e2n, t\u1eadt, keo ki\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong hai t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2n. H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong n\u0103m t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Nghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) Sabb\u00e0punnesu catt\u00e0ro lobham\u00f9le tayo gat\u00e0,<\/p>\n

Dosam\u00f9lesu catt\u00e0ro sasankh\u00e0re dvayam tath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Vicikicch\u00e0 vicikicch\u00e0citte ceti cuddasa,<\/p>\n

Dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusalesveva sampayujjanti pancadh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sabba: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Apunnesu: Trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Catt\u00e0ro: B\u1ed1n (moha, ahirika, anottappa v\u00e0 uddhacca). Tayo: Ba t\u00e2m s\u1edf. (Lobha, ditthi v\u00e0 m\u00e0na). Gat\u00e0: \u0110i, c\u00f3. Lobham\u00f9le: T\u00e2m c\u00f3 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n tham. Dosam\u00f9lesu: Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m c\u00f3 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n s\u00e2n. Catt\u00e0ro: B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m s\u1edf Dosa, Iss\u00e0, macchariyam v\u00e0 kukkucca. Sasankh\u00e0re: T\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Dvayam: Hai t\u00e2m s\u1edf Th\u00ecna v\u00e0 Middha. Vicikicch\u00e0: Nghi. Cuddasa: 14. Dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusalesu: Trong 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Sampayujjanti: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng. Pancadh\u00e0: 5 lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) B\u1ed1n t\u00e2m s\u1edf (si, v\u00f4 t\u00e0m, v\u00f4 qu\u00fd, tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Ba t\u00e2m s\u1edf (tham, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f3 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n tham. B\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (s\u00e2n, t\u1eadt, xan v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng s\u00e2n c\u0103n. Hai t\u00e2m s\u1edf (h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. T\u00e2m s\u1edf nghi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 14 t\u00e2m s\u1edf h\u1ee3p kh\u1edfi trong 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m theo n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 b\u00e0i n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a 14 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

BI\u1ebeN H\u00c0NH THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M S\u1ede V\u00c0 TI\u1ebeT CH\u1ebe T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15a) Sobhanesu pana sobhanas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 t\u00e0va ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsaticetasik\u00e0 sabbesu pi ek\u00f9nasatthi sobhanacittesu samvijjanti. Viratiyo pana tisso pi lokuttaracittesu sabbath\u00e0 pi niyat\u00e0 ekato va labbhanti. Lokiyesu pana k\u00e0n\u00e0vacarakusalesveva kad\u00e0ci sandissanti visum visum.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sobhanesu: Trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m. Sobhana S\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0: Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsati: 19. Ek\u00f9nasatthisobhanacittesu: Trong 59 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m. Samvijjanti: C\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Tisso viratiyo: 3 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Sabbath\u00e0: Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed7. Niyat\u00e0: Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n. Ekato: M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nhau. Labbhanti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. Lokiyesu: Trong d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusalesu: Trong nh\u1eefng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Kad\u00e0ci: T\u00f9y l\u00fac, \u0111\u00f4i khi. Sandissanti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 Visum visum: Ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15a) Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft 19 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 59 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m. Ba ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf (ch\u00e1nh ng\u1eef, ch\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. C\u00f2n \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi trong c\u00e1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u00f9y l\u00fac v\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 19 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 59 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m (24 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m + 15 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m + 12 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m + 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m). 3 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 trong 8 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 trong 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 trong 16 t\u00e2m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Trong Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, ba t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t, c\u00f2n trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u00f9y l\u00fac.<\/p>\n

V\u00d4 L\u01af\u1ee2NG T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15b) Appamann\u00e0yo pana dv\u00e0dasasu pancamajjh\u00e0navajjitamahaggatacittesu ceva k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusalesu ca Sahetukak\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakriy\u00e0cittesu ceti atthav\u00ecsaticittesveva kad\u00e0ci n\u00e0n\u00e0 hutv\u00e0 j\u00e0yanti. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatesu panettha karun\u00e0 mudit\u00e0 na santi ti keci vadanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Appamann\u00e0yo V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Dv\u00e0dasasu Mahaggatacittesu: Trong 12 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Pancamajjh\u00e0navajjita: Tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusalesu: Trong c\u00e1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Sahetukak\u00e0m\u00e0cavarakriy\u00e0cittesu: Trong c\u00e1c H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Atthav\u00ecsaticittesu: Trong 28 t\u00e2m. Kad\u00e0ci: T\u00f9y l\u00fac. N\u00e0n\u00e0: Kh\u00e1c, sai kh\u00e1c. J\u00e0yanti: Sanh ra. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatesu: Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. Karun\u00e0: Bi. Mudit\u00e0: H\u1ef7. Na santi: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Keci: M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Vadanti: n\u00f3i, thuy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15b) C\u00e1c v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00f9y l\u00fac v\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t trong 28 t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y: \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, 8 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, 8 H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 v\u00e0i v\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn r\u1eb1ng Bi v\u00e0 H\u1ef7 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u00e0 x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Karum\u00e0 (bi) l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c; v\u00e0 Mudit\u00e0 (h\u1ef7) l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hoan h\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00ec ch\u00fang bao tr\u00f9m v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang sanh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00f9y l\u00fac v\u00e0 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c t\u00e2m Mahaggata (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh) c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 27 (S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 15 v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 12). Tr\u1eeb 15 \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n 12 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

HU\u1ec6 C\u0102N T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15c) Pann\u00e0 pana dv\u00e0dasasu n\u00e0nasampayuttak\u00e0m\u00e0vacaracittesu ceva sabbesu pancatimsamahaggat\u00e0 lokuttaracittesu ceti sattacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsacittesu sampayogam gacchat\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pann\u00e0: Hu\u1ec7 Dv\u00e0dasasu: Trong 12. N\u00e0nasampayutta-k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaracittesu: Trong nh\u1eefng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. Sabbesu: Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Pancatimsamahaggatalokuttaracittesu: Trong 35 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Sattacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsacittesu: Trong 47 t\u00e2m. Sampayogam gacchanti: \u0110\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15c) Hu\u1ec7 c\u0103n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong 47 c\u0103n nh\u01b0 sau: 12 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 35 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Hu\u1ec7 c\u0103n (Pannindriya) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong 47 c\u0103n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

N\u00e0nasampayuttak\u00e0m\u00e0vacara (kusula + vip\u00e0ka + kriy\u00e0): 12<\/p>\n

Mahaggata + Lokuttara (15 + 12 + 8): 35<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 47<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsati dhamm\u00e0 j\u00e0yantek\u00f9nasatthisu.<\/p>\n

Tayo solasacittesu atthav\u00ecsatiyam dvayam<\/p>\n

Pann\u00e0 pak\u00e0sit\u00e0 sattacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsavidhesu pi,<\/p>\n

Sampayutt\u00e0 catuddhevam Sobhaneseva Sobhan\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– \u1eb8k\u00f9nav\u00ecsati: 19 Dhamm\u00e0: Ph\u00e1p J\u00e0yanti: Sanh ra. Ek\u00f9nasatthisu: Trong 59 t\u00e2m. Tayo: Ba. Solasacittesu: Trong 16 t\u00e2m. Atthav\u00ecsatiyam: Trong 28 t\u00e2m. Dvayam: Hai. Pann\u00e0: Tr\u00ed. Pak\u00e0sit\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Sattacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsavidhesu: Trong 47 t\u00e2m. Sampayutt\u00e0: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng. Catuddhevam: 4 ph\u1ea7n. Sobhanesu: Trong T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m. Sobhan\u00e0: C\u00e1c T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) 19 ph\u00e1p sanh ra trong 59 t\u00e2m. Ba ph\u00e1p sanh ra trong 16 t\u00e2m, 2 ph\u00e1p sanh ra trong 28 t\u00e2m. Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 47 t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m theo 4 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong c\u00e1c t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi trong c\u00e1c T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m (Sobhana) nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

1) 19 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh (Sobhana s\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0) trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 59 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

2) 3 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ch\u00e1nh ng\u1eef, ch\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng trong 16 Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m (8 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m + 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

3) Hai t\u00e2m s\u1edf Bi v\u00e0 H\u1ef7 (Karun\u00e0 + mudit\u00e0) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 28 t\u00e2m (Mahaggata, (tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n) 12 + K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusala 8 + Sahetukak\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakriy\u00e0 8).<\/p>\n

4) Hu\u1ec7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong 47 t\u00e2m (N\u00e0nasampayuttak\u00e0m\u00e0vacara 12 + Mahaggata 27 + Lokuttara 8).<\/p>\n

PH\u1ea6N BA – LO\u1ea0I T\u00c2M N\u00c0O C\u00d3 NH\u1eeeNG LO\u1ea0I T\u00c2M S\u1ede N\u00c0O V\u00c0 BAO NHI\u00caU T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) Iss\u00e0-macchera-kukkucca-Virati-karun\u00e0dayo.<\/p>\n

N\u00e0n\u00e0 kad\u00e0ci m\u00e0no ca th\u00ecna-middham tath\u00e0 saha.<\/p>\n

Yath\u00e0vutt\u00e0nus\u00e0rena ses\u00e0 niyatayogino,<\/p>\n

Sangaham ca pavakkh\u00e0mi tesan d\u00e0ni yath\u00e0raham.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– T\u1eadt. Macchera: Xan tham. Kukkucca: H\u1ed1i. Virati: Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Karun\u00e0dayo: Bi v.v… N\u00e0n\u00e0: Ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. K\u00e0d\u00e0ci: T\u00f9y l\u00fac. M\u00e0no: M\u1ea1n. Th\u00ecnamiddham: H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean. Tath\u00e0: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Saha: V\u1edbi. Yath\u00e0vutt\u00e0nus\u00e0rena: Theo nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ses\u00e0: C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Niyatayogino: Ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n. Sangaham: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Pavakkh\u00e0mi: T\u00f4i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. Tesan: C\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf. D\u00e0ni. Nay Yath\u00e0raham: T\u00f9y theo th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) T\u1eadt, xan tham, h\u1ed1i (3) Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf, (2) v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u00f9y l\u00fac. H\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nay t\u00f4i n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c T\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 52 – 11 = 41 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eb5n, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef0 PH\u1ed0I H\u1ee2P CHUNG C\u1ee6A C\u00c1C LO\u1ea0I T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) Chattims\u00e0nuttare dhamm\u00e0 pancatimsa mahaggate.<\/p>\n

Atthatims\u00e0pi labbhanti k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhane.<\/p>\n

Sattav\u00ecsatyapunnamhi dv\u00e0das\u00e0hetuke ti ca,<\/p>\n

Yath\u00e0sambhavayogena pancadh\u00e0 tattha sangaho.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Chattimsa: 36. Anuttare: Trong si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Pancatimsa: 35 Mahaggate: Trong \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Atthatimsa: 38 Labbhanti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhane: Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m t\u1ecbnh quang \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. Sattav\u00ecsati: 27. Apunnamhi: Trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Dv\u00e0dasa: 12 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Ahetuke: Trong v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Yath\u00e0sambhavayogena: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi. Pancadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n. Tattha: \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y. Sangaho: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 sau: 36 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, 35 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, 38 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u00e1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m, 27 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 12 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

V\u1edaI SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) Katham? Lokuttaresu t\u00e0va atthasu pathamajjh\u00e0nikacittesu annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 terasa cetasik\u00e0, appamann\u00e0vajjit\u00e0 tev\u00ecsati sobhanacetasik\u00e0 ceti chattimsa dhamm\u00e0 sangaham gacchanti. Tath\u00e0 dutiyajjh\u00e0nikacittesu vitakkavajj\u00e0. Tatiyajjh\u00e0nikacittesu vitakkavic\u00e0ravajj\u00e0. Catutthajjh\u00e0nikacittesu vitakkavic\u00e0rap\u00ectivajj\u00e0. Pancamajjh\u00e0nikacittesu upekkh\u00e0sahagat\u00e0 te eva sangayhant\u00ecti. Sabbath\u00e0 pi atthasu lokuttaracittesu pancakajjh\u00e0navasena pancadh\u00e0 va sangaho hot\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Katham: Sao. Lokuttaresu: Trong nh\u1eefng si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. T\u00e0va: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft. Atthasu Patthamajjh\u00e0nikacittesu: Trong 8 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 cetasik\u00e0: \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Terasa: 13 Appamann\u00e0vajjit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Tev\u00ecsati: 23 Sobhanacetasik\u00e0: T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Chattimsa: 36. Sangaham gacchanti: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Dutiyajjh\u00e0nikacittesu: Trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Vitakkavajj\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m. Tatiyajjh\u00e0nikacittesu: Trong \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Vitakkavic\u00e0ravajj\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9. Catutthajjh\u00e0nikacittesu: Trong \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Vitakkavic\u00e0ra-p\u00ectivajj\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9 v\u00e0 h\u1ef7. Pancamajjh\u00e0nikacittesu: Trong \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Upekkh\u00e0sahagat\u00e0: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. Te: Ch\u00fang n\u00f3. Sangayhanti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) Sao? Trong nh\u1eefng Si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, 13 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, 23 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb 2 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 36 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u0169ng v\u1eady trong nh\u1eefng Si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb T\u1ea7m t\u00e2m s\u1edf, trong nh\u1eefng si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9 v\u00e0 h\u1ef7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, trong nh\u1eefng si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, th\u00eam v\u00e0o x\u1ea3 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, trong 8 si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf chia th\u00e0nh 5 lo\u1ea1i, t\u00f9y theo 5 thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 36 T\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 8 si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Annasam\u00e0n\u00e0): 13<\/p>\n

T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb 2 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m: 23<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 36<\/p>\n

Bi v\u00e0 H\u1ef7 l\u1ea5y ch\u00fang sanh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi trong c\u00e1c si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u1ea5y Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 35 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1eeb c\u00f3 T\u1ea7m t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n. 34 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n, tr\u1eeb t\u1ee9 t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n. 33 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u00ean, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9, h\u1ef7 t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n. 33 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n, v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 t\u00e2m s\u1edf thay th\u1ebf l\u1ea1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) Chattimsa pancatims\u00e0tha catuttimsa yath\u00e0kkamam.<\/p>\n

Tettimsa-dvayamiccevam pancadh\u00e0nuttare thit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Chattimsa: 36 Pancatimsa: 35. Catuttimsa: 34. Yath\u00e0kkamam: Theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp. Tettimsa: 33. Dvayam: 2. Iccevam: (iti + evam): Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Pancadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i. Anuttare: Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Thit\u00e0: Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) T\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, 36 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, 35 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, 34 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, 33 t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong hai thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trong c\u00e1c si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m theo 5 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

V\u1edaI \u0110\u1ea0I H\u00c0NH T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) Mahaggatesu pana t\u00ecsu pathamajjh\u00e0nikacittesu t\u00e0va annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 terasa cetasik\u00e0 viratittaya-vajjit\u00e0 dv\u00e0v\u00ecsati sobhanacetasik\u00e0 ceti pancatimsa dhamm\u00e0 sangaham gacchanti. Karun\u00e0mudit\u00e0 panettha paccekameva yojetabb\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 dutiyajjh\u00e0nikacittesu vitakkavajj\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Tatiyajjh\u00e0nikacittesu vitakka-vic\u00e0ravajj\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Catutthajjh\u00e0nikacittesu vitakka-vic\u00e0rap\u00ectivajj\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Pancamajjh\u00e0nikacittesu pana pannarasasu appamann\u00e0yo na labbhant\u00ecti…<\/p>\n

Sabbath\u00e0 pi sattav\u00ecsatimahaggatacittesu pancakajjh\u00e0navasena pancadh\u00e0 va sangaho hot\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Mahaggattesu: Trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. T\u00ecsu pathama-jjh\u00e0nikacittesu t\u00e0va: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft trong 3 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 terasa cetasik\u00e0: 13 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Viratittayavajjit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb ba ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Dv\u00e0v\u00ecsati Sobhanacetasik\u00e0: 22 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Pancatimsa dhamm\u00e0 sangaham gacchanti: 35 ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nhau. Karun\u00e0mudit\u00e0: Bi v\u00e0 h\u1ef7. Panettha (Pana ettha): \u1ede n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. Paccekameva yojetbb\u00e0: Ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ri\u00eang. Pannarasasu: Trong 15. Appamann\u00e0yo: 2 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Na labbhanti: Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. Sattav\u00ecsati: 27. Pancakajjh\u00e0navasena: Chia theo 5 thi\u1ec1n. Pancadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 5 ph\u1ea7n. Sangaho: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, trong 27 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 5 Thi\u1ec1n theo 5 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Trong 3 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 35 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p: 13 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 22 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf, tr\u1eeb ba ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Bi v\u00e0 H\u1ef7 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ri\u00eang nhau.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng v\u1eady, trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

Trong \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9 v\u00e0 h\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

Trong 15 \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Trong \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, 35 t\u00e2m s\u1edf sau \u0111\u00e2y ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trong ba \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m (Kusala + Vip\u00e0ka + Kriy\u00e0 Thi\u1ec7n + D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c + Duy T\u00e1c).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf (7 nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m + 6 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh): 13<\/p>\n

T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf (tr\u1eeb ba ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m): 22<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 35<\/p>\n

Bi v\u00e0 H\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ebfn ri\u00eang nhau. 3 Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, v\u00ec qu\u00e1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh. Trong ba \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 34 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Trong \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u1ee9, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 33 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Trong \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb t\u1ea7m, t\u1ee9 v\u00e0 h\u1ef7, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 32 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Trong 15 \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 32 – 2 = 30 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf, ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 27 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, theo 5 thi\u1ec1n, d\u01b0\u1edbi 5 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22) Panca-timsa catuttimsa tettimsa ca yath\u00e0kkamam.<\/p>\n

Battimsa ceva timseti pancadh\u00e0 va mahaggate.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pancatimsa: 35 Catuttimsa: 34 Tettimsa: 33. Yath\u00e0kkaman: T\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1. Battimsa: 32 Timsati: 30. Pancadh\u00e0: 5 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Mahaggate: Trong \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22) Trong c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, theo 5 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, 35, 34, 33, 32, v\u00e0 30 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, t\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

1) 35 t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 3 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

2) 34 t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 3 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

3) 33 t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 3 \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

4) 32 t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

5) 30 t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong 15 \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

V\u1edaI D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI T\u1ecaNH QUANG T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhanesu pana kusalesu t\u00e0va pathamadvaye annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 terasa cetasik\u00e0, pancav\u00ecsati sobhanacetasik\u00e0 ceti atthatimsa dhamm\u00e0 sangaham gacchanti. Appamann\u00e0viratiyo panettha panca pi paccekameva yojetabb\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 dutiyadvaye n\u00e0navajjit\u00e0<\/p>\n

Tatiyadvaye n\u00e0nasampayutt\u00e0 p\u00ectivajjit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Cattutthadvaye n\u00e0nap\u00ectivajjit\u00e0 te eva sangayhanti.<\/p>\n

Kriy\u00e0cittesu pi virativajjit\u00e0 tatheva catusu pi dukesu catudh\u00e0 va sangayhant\u00ec.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 vip\u00e0kesu ca appamann\u00e0virativajjit\u00e0 te eva sangayhant\u00ec ti sabbath\u00e0 pi catuv\u00ecsatik\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhanacittesu dukavasena dv\u00e0dasadh\u00e0 va sangaho hot\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– K\u00e0m\u00e0vacara-sobhanesu kusalesu: Trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Pathamadvaye: Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Sangaham gacchanti: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o. Appamann\u00e0viratiyo: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Paccekameva yojetabb\u00e0: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ri\u00eang r\u1ebd. Dutiyadvaye: Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 hai. N\u00e0navajjit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb tr\u00ed. Sangayhanti: B\u1ecb ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Catusu dukesu: Trong b\u1ed1n c\u1eb7p. Dukavasena: Theo t\u1eebng c\u1eb7p. Dv\u00e0dasadh\u00e0: 12 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Sangaho: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) Trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m trong c\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u, 38 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 sau: 13 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 25 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf. V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 hai, c\u0169ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, tr\u1eeb tr\u00ed. Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 ba, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ef7. Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u1ef7. Trong Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n c\u1eb7p, trong 4 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u0169ng v\u1eady trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p theo 12 c\u1eb7p.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Trong 24 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p chia th\u00e0nh 12 c\u1eb7p:<\/p>\n

4 c\u1eb7p trong thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m,<\/p>\n

4 c\u1eb7p trong D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v\u00e0<\/p>\n

4 c\u1eb7p trong Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

TRONG 8 THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M:<\/p>\n

38 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trong c\u1eb7p \u0111\u1ea7u (Somanassasahagatan\u00e0nasampayutta asankh\u00e0rika, sasankh\u00e0rika: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf: 13<\/p>\n

T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m s\u1edf: 25<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 38<\/p>\n

Bi, h\u1ef7, ch\u00e1nh ng\u1eef, ch\u00e1nh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hai t\u00e2m s\u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 34 t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 hai c\u00e2u h\u1eefu h\u1ef7, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o (Somanassasahagata, n\u00e0navippayutta, asankh\u00e0rika, sasankh\u00e0rika), kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed, n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3: 38 – 1 = 37 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 ba, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o (Upekkh\u00e0-sahagata, n\u00e0nasampayutta asankh\u00e0rika, sasankh\u00e0rik\u00e0) (Tr\u00ed: n\u00e0na) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t nh\u01b0ng (H\u1ef7: P\u00ecti) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 37 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o (Upekkh\u00e0sahagata, n\u00e0navippayutta, asankh\u00e0rika, sasankh\u00e0rik\u00e0) n\u00e0na v\u00e0 P\u00ecti \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 38 – 2 = 36 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

TRONG 8 DUY T\u00c1C T\u00c2M:<\/p>\n

3 Virati (Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u1edf 8 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi 8 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb 3 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb (Tanh\u00e0 (\u00e1i) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n, n\u00ean 3 Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: 38 – 3 = 35<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 hai: 37 – 3 = 34<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 ba: 37 – 3 = 34<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: 36 – 3 = 33<\/p>\n

TRONG 8 D\u1eca TH\u1ee4C T\u00c2M:<\/p>\n

2 V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 3 Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf nh\u01b0 trong Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb 5 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t: 38 – 5 = 33<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 hai: 37 – 5 = 32<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 ba: 37 – 5 = 32<\/p>\n

C\u1eb7p th\u1ee9 t\u01b0: 36 – 5 = 31<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) Atthatimsa sattatimsa-dvayam chattimsakam subhe,<\/p>\n

Pancatimsa catuttimsa-dvayam tettimsakam kriye.<\/p>\n

Tettimsa p\u00e0ke battimsa-dvayekatimsakam bhave,<\/p>\n

Sahetuka-k\u00e0m\u00e0vacara-punnap\u00e0kakriy\u00e0mane.<\/p>\n

Na vijjantettha virat\u00ec kriy\u00e0su ca mahaggate,<\/p>\n

Anuttare appamann\u00e0 k\u00e0map\u00e0ke dvayam tath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Anuttare jh\u00e0nadhamm\u00e0 appamann\u00e0 ca majjhime,<\/p>\n

Virat\u00ec n\u00e0nap\u00ecti ca parittesu visesak\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Atthatimsa: 38. Sattatimsa: 37. Dvayam: Hai. Chattimsakam: 36. Subhe: Trong thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Pancatimsa: 35. Catuttimsa: 34. Tettimsakam: 33. Kriye: Trong Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Tettimsa: 33. P\u00e0ke: Trong D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. Battimsa: 32. Ekatimsaka: 31. Bhave: C\u00f3. Sahetukak\u00e0m\u00e0vacara-p\u00f9nnap\u00e0ka-kriy\u00e0mane: Trong h\u1eefu nh\u01a1n d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n, D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Na vijjanti: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Virat\u00ec: Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Kriy\u00e0su: Trong c\u00e1c Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Mahaggate: Trong \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Anuttare: Trong Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. K\u00e0ma p\u00e0ke: Trong d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. Dvayam tath\u00e0: C\u0169ng v\u1eady, c\u1ea3 hai ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Jh\u00e0na-dhamm\u00e0: C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n. Majjhime: C\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u1edf gi\u1eefa t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Parittesu: Trong c\u00e1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ea7m. Visesak\u00e0: S\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) Trong (24) H\u1eefu nh\u00e2n D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, thi\u1ec7n, d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 38, 37, 37 v\u00e0 36 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p (trong 4 c\u1eb7p thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

Trong (4 c\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a) Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 35, 34, 34, v\u00e0 33 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

Trong (4 c\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a) D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00f3 33, 32, 32, v\u00e0 31 t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

3 Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong c\u00e1c Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. 2 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong c\u00e1c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Trong c\u00e1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 2 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 3 Ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u00e1c si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m sai kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m sai kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n hay trong c\u00e1c v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t trong 3 ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi Tr\u00ed (n\u00e0na) hay kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 (Somanassa) hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

V\u1edaI B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M – 4 B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M \u0110\u1ea6U TI\u00caN<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) Akusalesu pana lobham\u00f9lesu t\u00e0va pathame asankh\u00e0rike annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 terasa cetasik\u00e0, akusalas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 catt\u00e0ro c\u00e0ti sattarasa lobhaditth\u00echi saddhim ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsat\u00ec dhamm\u00e0 sangaham gacchanti.<\/p>\n

Tatheva dutiye asankh\u00e0rike lobham\u00e0nena. Tatiye tatheva p\u00ectivajjit\u00e0 lobhaditth\u00echi saha atth\u00e0rasa. Catutthe tatheva lobham\u00e0nena.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Akusalesu lobham\u00f9lesu: Trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t tham thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m Pathame asankh\u00e0rike: Trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Akusalas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 catt\u00e0ro c\u00e0ti: V\u00e0 4 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Lobhaditth\u00echi saddhim: C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tham v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsati: 19, Sangaham gacchanti: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau. Dutiye asankh\u00e0rik\u00e0: Trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Lobham\u00e0nena: Tham v\u1edbi m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) Trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tham t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 19 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 sau: 13 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, 4 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 tham c\u00f9ng t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng v\u1eady, trong \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u00f3 tham v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n t\u00e2m s\u1edf. C\u0169ng v\u1eady trong \u0111\u1ec7 tam t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o c\u00f3 18 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, tr\u1eeb h\u1ef7, c\u00f3 tham v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Trong \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u0169ng (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf), c\u00f3 tham v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Trong t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c tham t\u00e2m n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00e2m s\u1edf tham v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 hai kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn n\u00ean t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1n t\u00e2m s\u1edf thay th\u1ebf. Trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 ba kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 19 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, c\u00f3 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ef7. Trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 18 t\u00e2m s\u1edf m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

V\u1edaI T\u00c2M TH\u1ee8 5 V\u00c0 5 T\u00c2M C\u1ea6N \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C NH\u1eaeC B\u1ea2O<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 26) Pancame pana patighasampayutte asankh\u00e0rike doso, iss\u00e0, macchariyam, kukkuccam ceti cat\u00f9hi saddhim p\u00ectivajjt\u00e0 te eva v\u00ecsati dhamm\u00e0 sangayhanti. Iss\u00e0maccherakukkucc\u00e0ni panettha paccekam eva yojetabb\u00e0ni. Sasankh\u00e0rikapancake pi tath\u2019eva ath\u00ecnamiddhena visesetv\u00e0 yojetabb\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pancame patighasampayutte asankh\u00e0rike: Trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 5 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2n. Doso, iss\u00e0, macchariyam, kukhuccam: S\u00e2n, t\u1eadt, xan tham, h\u1ed1i. Paccekam: M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t, ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Yojetabb\u00e0ni: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Sasankh\u00e0rika pancake: Trong 5 t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. Th\u00ecnamiddhena: C\u00f3 th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m. Visesetv\u00e0: Sau khi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 26) Trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2n c\u00f3 20 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u1eeb h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 4 t\u00e2m s\u1edf: s\u00e2n, t\u1eadt, xan tham v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i. T\u1eadt, xan tham, h\u1ed1i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Trong 5 t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ch\u1ec9 th\u00eam v\u00e0o th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

VI. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 20 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb h\u1ef7: 12<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf: 4<\/p>\n

S\u00e2n, t\u1eadt, xan tham, h\u1ed1i: 4<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 20 t\u00e2m s\u1edf<\/p>\n

Trong 5 t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c v\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u00eam hai t\u00e2m s\u1edf h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 th\u1ee5y mi\u00ean v\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

1) 19 + 2 = 21 (v\u1edbi tham v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn)<\/p>\n

2) 19 + 2 = 21 (v\u1edbi tham v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n)<\/p>\n

3) 18 + 2 = 20 (v\u1edbi tham v\u00e0 t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn)<\/p>\n

4) 18 + 2 = 20 (v\u1edbi tham v\u00e0 m\u1ea1n)<\/p>\n

5) 20 + 2 = 22 (v\u1edbi s\u00e2n, t\u1eadt, xan tham v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i)<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 P\u00ecti (h\u1ef7) trong ba t\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

V\u1edaI HAI SI T\u00c2M V\u00c0 T\u1ed4NG K\u1ebeT<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 27) Chandap\u00ectivajjit\u00e0 pana annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 ek\u00e0dasa, akusalasadh\u00e0ran\u00e0 catt\u00e0ro c\u00e0 ti pannarasa dhamm\u00e0 uddhaccasahagate sampayujjanti. Vicikicch\u00e0sahagatacitte ca adhimokkha-virahit\u00e0 vicikicch\u00e0sahagat\u00e0 tatheva pannarasa-dhamm\u00e0 samupalabbhant\u00ec ti. Sabbath\u00e0 pi dv\u00e0das\u00e0kusalacittupp\u00e0desu paccekam yojiyam\u00e0n\u00e0 pi gananavasena sattadh\u00e0 va sangahit\u00e0 bhavant\u00ec ti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Chandap\u00ectivajjit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ef7. Sampayujjanti: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Adhimokkha-virahit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i. Samupalabbhanti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y. Sabbath\u00e0: T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft. Paccekam yojiyam\u00e0n\u00e0: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i t\u00e2m. Gananavasena: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Sattadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 7 ph\u1ea7n. Sangahit\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 27) Trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed, 15 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3; 11 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 h\u1ef7, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 4 T\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi, tr\u1eeb th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i t\u00e2m s\u1edf, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi nghi, c\u00f3 15 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft, trong 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, t\u00f9y theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i t\u00e2m, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh theo 7 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 Chanda (D\u1ee5c) v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y mu\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ef7 v\u00ec c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. Trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nghi n\u00ean c\u00f3 15 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. 7 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

19 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, Tham, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, th\u1ee9 ba)<\/p>\n

18 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, Tham, th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y)<\/p>\n

20 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, S\u00e2n, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t)<\/p>\n

21 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, Tham, th\u1ee9 hai v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0)<\/p>\n

20 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, Tham, th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m)<\/p>\n

22 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, S\u00e2n, th\u1ee9 hai)<\/p>\n

15 t\u00e2m s\u1edf (Si t\u00e2m, th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 hai)<\/p>\n

NH\u1eeeNG T\u00c2M S\u1ede PH\u1ed0I H\u1ee2P V\u1edaI T\u1ea4T C\u1ea2 B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 28) Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsatth\u00e0rasa v\u00ecsekav\u00ecsa v\u00ecsati.<\/p>\n

Dv\u00e0v\u00ecsa pannaraseti sattadh\u00e0kusale thit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

S\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 ca catt\u00e0ro sam\u00e0n\u00e0 ca das\u00e0pare,<\/p>\n

Cuddasete pavuccanti sabb\u00e0kusalayogino.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsa: 19. Atth\u00e0rasa: 18. V\u00ecsa: 20. Ekav\u00ecsa: 21. V\u00ecsati: 20. Dv\u00e0v\u00ecsa: 22. Pannarasa: 15. Sattadh\u00e0: 7 ph\u1ea7n. Akusale thit\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. S\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 Catt\u00e0ro: 4 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n – b\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. Sam\u00e0n\u00e0 das\u00e0pare: Th\u00eam 10 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf: Cuddasa: 14. Ete: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u1ea5y. Sabb\u00e0kusalayogino: Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 28) 19, 18, 20, 21, 22, 15 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p theo b\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. 4 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 10 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady 14 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m theo 7 lo\u1ea1i: C\u00e2u k\u1ec7 th\u1ee9 hai n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn 14 t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. 14 t\u00e2m s\u1edf \u1ea5y l\u00e0 4 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 10 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb D\u1ee5c, h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

V\u1edaI V\u00d4 NH\u00c2N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 29) Ahetukesu pana hasanacitte t\u00e0va chandavajjit\u00e0 annasam\u00e0n\u00e0 dv\u00e0dasa dhamm\u00e0 sangaham gacchanti.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 votthapane chandap\u00ectivajjit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Sukkhasant\u00ecrane chandaviriyavajjit\u00e0 –<\/p>\n

Manodh\u00e0tuttik\u00e0hetukapatisandhiyugale chandap\u00ectiviriyavajjit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Dvipancavinn\u00e0ne pakinnakavajjit\u00e0 te yeva sangayhant\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

Sabbath\u00e0 pi atth\u00e0rasasu ahetukesu gananavasena catudh\u00e0 va sangaho hot\u00ec t\u00ec.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ahetukesu: Trong c\u00e1c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Hasanacite: Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m. Chandavajjit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb d\u1ee5c. Votthapane: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m. Sukkhasant\u00ecrane: Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c. Manodh\u00e0tuttika: 3 \u00fd g\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Ahetukapatisandhiyugale: M\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m. Dvipancavinn\u00e0ne: 10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m. Pakinnakavajjit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Gananavasena: Theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 29) Trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, \u1edf ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m, 12 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. C\u0169ng v\u1eady trong x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 H\u1ef7. Trong suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, tr\u1eeb D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Tinh t\u1ea5n. Trong ba \u00fd gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 D\u1ee5c, H\u1ef7 v\u00e0 tinh T\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

Trong 10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, tr\u1eeb bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, trong 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p chia th\u00e0nh 4 lo\u1ea1i, theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Theo s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

1) Hasitupp\u00e0da: Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 12 t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 12 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, (tr\u1eeb d\u1ee5c).<\/p>\n

2) Trong x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m (Votthapana), ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 11 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf, tr\u1eeb D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 H\u1ef7. Votthapana (X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m (manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacitta).<\/p>\n

3) Somanassasahagata-sant\u00ecrana (Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Tinh t\u1ea5n, n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 11 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

4) Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana (ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m), Sampaticchana (Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m), Sant\u00ecrana (Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 hai ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 manodh\u00e0tuttika hay Ba \u00fd gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 sanh ra Ahetuka Patisandhi (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n k\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c). Hai t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ahetuka-patisandhi yugala hay m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c. D\u1ee5c, H\u1ef7 v\u00e0 Tinh t\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong 5 t\u00e2m sau n\u00e0y: Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 10 \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m s\u1edf tr\u1eeb D\u1ee5c, H\u1ef7 v\u00e0 Tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

5) Dvipancavinn\u00e0na (10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1c t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea3y Sabbacitas\u00e0dh\u00e0ran\u00e0 (Nh\u1ee9t th\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf), v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 30) Dv\u00e0dasek\u00e0dasa dana satta c\u00e0 ti catubbidho<\/p>\n

Atth\u00e0ras\u00e0hetukesu citupp\u00e0desu sangaho.<\/p>\n

Ahetukesu sabbattha satta ses\u00e0 yath\u00e0raham.<\/p>\n

Itivitth\u00e0rato vutto tettimsavidhasangaho.<\/p>\n

Itthan citt\u00e0viyutt\u00e0nam sampayogam ca sangaham,<\/p>\n

Natv\u00e0 bhedam yath\u00e0yogam cittena samamuddise.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Dv\u00e0dasa: 12 Ek\u00e0dasa: 11. Dasa: 10. Satta: 7. Catubbiho: C\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i. Atth\u00e0ras\u00e0hetukesu: Trong 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Cittupp\u00e0desu: Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m sanh kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Sangaho: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Ses\u00e0: C\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Yath\u00e0raham: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng. Vitth\u00e0rato vutto: N\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng ra. Tettimsavidhasangaho: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 33. Ittham: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Citt\u00e0viyutt\u00e0nam: C\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Sampayogam: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Sangaham: S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. N\u00e0tv\u00e0: Sau khi bi\u1ebft. Bhedam: S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Yath\u00e0yogam: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p: Samamuddise: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 30) 12, 11, 10, 7, chia th\u00e0nh 4 lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, 7 Bi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c Bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea3nh t\u00e2m s\u1edf, th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00f3i cho r\u1ed9ng ra, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong 33 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 sau n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf khi ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
 <\/td>\n\n

C\u00c1C T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

S\u1ed0 T\u00c2M S\u1ede<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

1)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Hasitupp\u00e0da (Annasam\u00e0na, tr\u1eeb Chanda)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

I<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

2)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Votthapana (Annasam\u00e0na, tr\u1eeb Chanda, P\u00ecti)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

II<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

3)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Somanassasahagata-sant\u00ecrana (tr\u1eeb Chanda v\u00e0 Viriya)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

11<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

4)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana, Sampaticchana (2), 
Sant\u00ecrana (2), tr\u1eeb Chanda, P\u00ecti, Viriya.<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

III<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

5)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

Dvipancavinn\u00e0na (10)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

IV<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

33 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Lokuttara (Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m): 5<\/p>\n

Mahaggata (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m): 5<\/p>\n

K\u00e0m\u00e0vacara (D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi): 12<\/p>\n

Akusala (B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n): 7<\/p>\n

Ahetuka (V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n): 4<\/p>\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng: 33<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng III – Pakinnaka Linh Tinh<\/h3>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1) Sampayutt\u00e0 yath\u00e0yogam tepan\u00e0\u00e0sa sabh\u00e0vato<\/p>\n

Cittacetasik\u00e0 dhamm\u00e0 tesam d\u00e0ni yath\u00e0raham,<\/p>\n

Vedan\u00e0hetuto kiccadv\u00e0r\u00e0rammanavatthuto,<\/p>\n

Cittupp\u00e0davaseneva sangaho n\u00e0ma n\u00ecyate.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sampayutt\u00e0: T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng. Yath\u00e0yogam: Theo s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p. Tepann\u00e0sa: 53. Sabh\u00e0vato: \u0110\u00fang v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. Yath\u00e0raham: Theo s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Vedan\u00e0: Th\u1ecd. Hetuto: Theo nh\u00e2n. Kicca: C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c. Dv\u00e0ra: M\u00f4n. \u00c0rammana: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Vatthuto: Theo c\u0103n x\u1ee9. Cittupp\u00e0davasena: Theo t\u00e2m. Sangaho: S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. N\u00ecyate: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn, b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1) C\u00e1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nhau s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt c\u00f3 53 ph\u00e1p. Nay s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, xem t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn, theo s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n th\u1ecd, nh\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, m\u00f4n, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u0103n x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 89 t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb + v\u1edbi 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u00e0nh 53 ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I THEO TH\u1ecc<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) Tatth\u00e0 vedan\u00e0sangahe t\u00e0va tividh\u00e0 vedan\u00e0: Sukham, dukkham, adukkhamasukham ceti. Sukham, dukkham, somanassam, domanassam, upekkh\u00e0ti ca bhedena pana pancadh\u00e0 hoti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vedan\u00e0sangahe: Trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ecd. Adukkhamasukham: V\u00f4 l\u1ea1c v\u00f4 kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd. Bhedena: Theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Pancadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng theo ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ecd c\u00f3 3: l\u1ea1c, kh\u1ed5, v\u00f4 l\u1ea1c v\u00f4 kh\u1ed5. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng chia th\u00e0nh 5: L\u1ea1c, kh\u1ed5, h\u1ef7, \u01b0u , x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Th\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m. Th\u1ecd c\u00f3 ba: l\u1ea1c, kh\u1ed5, v\u00e0 x\u1ea3. Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c v\u00ec tinh nhu\u1ec7 h\u01a1n n\u00ean c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi L\u1ea1c hay v\u1edbi Kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m (Javana) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 (Somanassa) n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u (Domanassa) n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, th\u1eddi h\u1ef7 (Somanassa) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi Sant\u00ecranacitta (Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

L\u1ea0C, KH\u1ed4, H\u1ef6, \u01afU V\u00c0 X\u1ea2<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) Tattha sukhasahagatam kusalavip\u00e0kam k\u00e0yavinn\u00e0nam ekameva. Tath\u00e0 dukkhasahagatam akusalavip\u00e0kam k\u00e0yavinn\u00e0nam. Somanassasahagatacitt\u00e0ni pana lobham\u00f9l\u00e0ni catt\u00e0ri. Dv\u00e0dasak\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhan\u00e0ni. Sukhasant\u00ecrana-hasan\u00e0ni ca dve ti atth\u00e0rasa k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaracitt\u00e0ni ceva pathamadutiya-tatiya-catuttha-jjh\u00e0nasankh\u00e0t\u00e0ni catucatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa mahaggatta-lokuttaracitt\u00e0ni ceti dv\u00e0satthividh\u00e0ni bhavanti. Domanassasahagatacitt\u00e0ni pana dve patighacitt\u00e0neva. Ses\u00e0ni sabb\u00e0ni pi pancapann\u00e0sa upekkh\u00e0sahagatacitt\u00e0nev\u00e0 ti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sukhasant\u00ecrana-hasan\u00e0ni: Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u sanh t\u00e2m. Sankh\u00e0t\u00e0ni: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0. Dv\u00e0satthi Vidh\u00e0ni: C\u00f3 62 lo\u1ea1i. Pancapann\u00e0sa: 55.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c. C\u0169ng v\u1eady c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5. V\u1ec1 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n tham t\u00e2m, 12 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m, hai Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 18 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 44 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ec7 tam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 62 t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 hai s\u00e2n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u. C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 55 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi L\u1ea1c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi kh\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c. C\u00f3 62 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tham:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang (Thi\u1ec7n + Di th\u1ee5c + Duy t\u00e1c):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7 (V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n, Thi\u1ec7n, D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ti\u1ec3u sanh t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 
Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ec7 tam, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

44<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

62 t\u00e2m<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hai S\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 55 t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Tham t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Si t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c tr\u1eeb th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c tr\u1eeb th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

6<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

V\u00f4 nh\u00e2n Duy t\u00e1c tr\u1eeb Ti\u1ec3u sanh t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m (Thi\u1ec7n + D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c + Duy t\u00e1c):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

C\u00e1c ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

C\u1ed9ng chung:<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 4) Sukham dukkham upekkh\u00e0ti tividh\u00e0 tattha vedan\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Somanassam domanassamiti bhedena pancadh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Sukhamekattha dukkham ca domanassam dvaye thitam,<\/p>\n

Dv\u00e0satthisu somanassam pancapann\u00e0saketar\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tividh\u00e0: C\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i. Bhedena: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Pancadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 5 ph\u1ea7n. Sukham: L\u1ea1c Ekattha: Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t. Dvaye: Hai. Dv\u00e0satthisu: Trong 62 t\u00e2m. Pancapann\u00e0sa: C\u00f3 55 t\u00e2m. Itar\u00e0: Th\u1ecd kh\u00e1c t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Upekkh\u00e0 (x\u1ea3)<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 4) Th\u1ecd c\u00f3 ba: L\u1ea1c, kh\u1ed5, x\u1ea3. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 5, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u01b0u. L\u1ea1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t, kh\u1ed5 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t. \u01afu c\u00f3 hai. H\u1ef7 c\u00f3 trong 62 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 X\u1ea3 c\u00f3 trong 55 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecd (c\u00f3 3, hay 5) v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c, kh\u1ed5, \u01b0u, h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I THEO NH\u00c2N – 6 NH\u00c2N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 5) Hetusangahe hetavo n\u00e0ma lobho, doso, moho, alobho, adoso, amoho, c\u00e0ti chaddh\u00e0 bhavanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Hetusangahe: Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n, Hetavo: C\u00e1c nh\u00e2n. Chaddh\u00e0: C\u00f3 6 lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 5) Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 6 lo\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tham, s\u00e2n, si, v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 si.<\/p>\n

V\u00d4 NH\u00c2N V\u00c0 H\u1eeeU NH\u00c2N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) Tattha pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana-dvipancavinn\u00e0nasampaticchanasant\u00ecrana-votthapana – hasanavasena atth\u00e0rasa ahetukacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Ses\u00e0ni sabb\u00e0ni pi ekasattati citt\u00e0ni sahetuk\u00e0neva.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ses\u00e0ni: C\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Ekasattati: 71. Sahetuk\u00e0ni: C\u00f3 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, 10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m, 18 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 71 h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hetu (nh\u00e2n) v\u00ec ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed8T NH\u00c2N, HAI NH\u00c2N V\u00c0 BA NH\u00c2N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 7) Tatth\u00e0pi dve mom\u00f9hacitt\u00e0ni ekahetuk\u00e0ni. Ses\u00e0ni dasa akusalacitt\u00e0ni ceva n\u00e0navippayutt\u00e0ni dv\u00e0dasa k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhan\u00e0ni ceti dv\u00e0v\u00ecsati duhetukacitt\u00e0ni. Dv\u00e0dasan\u00e0nasampayuttak\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasobhan\u00e0ni ceva pancatimsa mahaggata-lokuttaracitt\u00e0ni ceti sattacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa tihetukacitt\u00e0n\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pancatimsa: 35. Mahaggatalokuttaracitt\u00e0ni: \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Sattacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa: 47. Tihetukacitt\u00e0ni: Tam nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Duhetukavitt\u00e0ni: Nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 7) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, hai si t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. 10 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 12 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 22 nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. 12 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, 35 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh, si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 47 tam nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Hai si t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 si t\u00e2m s\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m; 10 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 12 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai nh\u00e2n. 8 tham t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tham v\u00e0 si, 2 s\u00e2n t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si. 12 t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00f4 tham v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u00e2n. N\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 22 nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. 12 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, 27 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba nh\u00e2n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 si.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Lobho doso ca moho ca het\u00f9 akusal\u00e0 tayo.<\/p>\n

Alobh\u00e0dos\u00e0moh\u00e0 ca kusal\u00e0by\u00e0kat\u00e0 tath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Ahetukatth\u00e0rasekahetuk\u00e0 dve duv\u00ecsati,<\/p>\n

Duhetuk\u00e0 mat\u00e0 sattacatt\u00e0lisa tihetuk\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tayo: Ba. Kusala: Thi\u1ec7n. Aby\u00e0kat\u00e0: V\u00f4 k\u00fd. Duv\u00ecsati: 22. Ekahetuk\u00e0: M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. Mat\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0. Sattacatt\u00e0lisa: 47.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Tham, s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ba t\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n. V\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, v\u00f4 si l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd nh\u00e2n. 18 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o h\u1ebft. C\u00f3 hai t\u00e2m v\u00e0 nh\u1ee9t nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. C\u00f3 22 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 47 t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 tam nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Tham s\u00e2n v\u00e0 si t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ba b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n. V\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n, v\u00f4 si l\u00e0 ba thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 k\u00fd nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I THEO C\u00d4NG T\u00c1C<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) Kiccasangahe kicc\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma patisandhibhavang\u00e0vajjana-dassana-savana-gh\u00e0yana-s\u00e0yana-phusana – sampaticchanasant\u00ecrana-votthapana-javana-tad\u00e0lambana-cutivasena cuddasavidh\u00e0ni bhavanti. Patisandhi-bhavang\u00e0vajjana-pancavinn\u00e0natth\u00e0n\u00e0divasena pana tesam dasadh\u00e0 th\u00e0nabhedo veditabbo.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Kiccasangahe: T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Patisandhi: Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c. Bhavanga: H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n. \u00c0vajjana: H\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m. Dassana: S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y. Savana: S\u1ef1 nghe. Gh\u00e0yana: S\u1ef1 ng\u1eedi. S\u00e0yama: S\u1ef1 n\u1ebfm. Phusana: C\u1ea3m x\u00fac. Sampaticchana: Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd. Sant\u00ecrana: Suy \u0111\u1ea1c. Votthapana: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Javana: T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh. Tad\u00e0lambana: \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean. Cuti: T\u1eed. Cuddasavidh\u00e0ni: C\u00f3 14 lo\u1ea1i. Dasadh\u00e0: C\u00f3 10 lo\u1ea1i. Th\u00e0nabhedo: Theo s\u1ef1 chia ch\u1ebb v\u1ec1. V\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Veditabbo: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 14 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, th\u1ea5y, nghe, ng\u1eedi, n\u1ebfm, x\u00fac, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd, suy \u0111\u1ea1c, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean, ch\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu chia ch\u1ebb v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 10 lo\u1ea1i: Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, 5 th\u1ee9c v.v…<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e2m c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng sai kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 14 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Patisandhi, Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi sanh, t\u00e2m n\u00e0y hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t S\u00e1t-na r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Bhavanga thay th\u1ebf. Patisandhi xem l\u00e0 b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi t\u00e2m cuti khi l\u00e2m chung v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Bhavanga, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1 t\u00ednh ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bhava + anga (bhavanga). Khi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u00edch th\u00edch b\u1edfi ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f3 Bhavanga. Sau m\u1ed7i di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 bhavanga.<\/p>\n

\u00c0vajjana: H\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o trong d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Bhavanga, d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb giao \u0111\u1ed9ng Bhavanga calana, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ecb d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i (Bhavanga-upaccheda). Khi Bhavanga d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh, ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean (pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana). N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p, \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean (manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana).<\/p>\n

Votthapana: X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng n\u00e0y. Ch\u00ednh \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Javana: t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. T\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n ju ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y mau. S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn 7 S\u00e1t-na hay 5 S\u00e1t-na \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00ednh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Tad\u00e0lambana: \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1edf duy\u00ean v\u1edbi Javana. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Tad\u00e0lambana l\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Cuti: t\u1eed t\u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) Tatha dve upekkh\u00e0sahagatasant\u00ecran\u00e0ni ceva attha mah\u00e0vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni ca nava r\u00f9p\u00e0r\u00f9pavip\u00e0k\u00e0ni ceti ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsati citt\u00e0ni patisandhi-bhavanga-cutikicc\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. \u00c0vajjanakicc\u00e0ni pana dve. Tath\u00e0 dassana-savana-gh\u00e0yana-s\u00e0yana-phusana-sampaticchanakicc\u00e0ni ca.<\/p>\n

T\u00ecni sant\u00ecrana-kicc\u00e0ni. Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanameva pancadv\u00e0ce votthapanakiccam s\u00e0dheti. \u00c0vajjanadvayavajjit\u00e0ni kusal\u00e0kusala-phala-kriy\u00e0-citt\u00e0ni pancapann\u00e0sa javanakicc\u00e0ni. Mah\u00e0vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni ceva sant\u00ecranattayam ceti ek\u00e0dasa tad\u00e0lambanakicc\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– S\u00e0dheti: T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y 19 t\u00e2m (hai suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 9 s\u1eafc v\u00f4 s\u1eafc d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m) l\u00e0m c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng patisandhi, bhavanga v\u00e0 cuti. Hai t\u00e2m l\u00e0m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u00e0vajjana. Hai t\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng dassana-savana-gh\u00e0yana-s\u00e0yana-phusana v\u00e0 sampaticchana. Ba t\u00e2m l\u00e0m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng sant\u00ecrana. Trong s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c qua n\u0103m m\u00f4n, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng votthapana do \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m l\u00e0m. T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng Javana do 55 t\u00e2m l\u00e0m l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m tr\u1eeb hai \u00e0vajjana t\u00e2m. 11 t\u00e2m (8 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 3 suy \u0111\u1ea1c) l\u00e0m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng Tad\u00e0lambana.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Ba t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng Bhavanga, patisandhi v\u00e0 cuti do 10 t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y thi h\u00e0nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi + v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

9<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

19<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Hai t\u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u00c0vajjana t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m. Dassana (s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y) do thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u0169ng v\u1eady Savana, gh\u00e0yana, s\u00e0yana, phusana v\u00e0 Sampaticchana \u0111\u1ec1u do hai t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Sant\u00ecrana (suy \u0111\u1ea1c) do ba suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. Votthapana (x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh) v\u00e0 manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana (\u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m) t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 do \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng. Javana (t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh) do 55 t\u00e2m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Thi\u1ec7n (D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi 8 + \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh 9 + Si\u00eau th\u1ebf 4) :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

21<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n (Tham 8 + S\u00e2n 2 + Si 2) :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

12<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Qu\u1ea3 (D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u, nh\u1ee9t lai, b\u1ea5t lai, A-la-h\u00e1n) :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

4<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Duy t\u00e1c (tr\u1eeb ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m) 
(D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi 8 + \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh 9 + Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m 1) :<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

18<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

55<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Tad\u00e0lambana (\u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean) do 11 t\u00e2m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng: \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c 8 v\u00e0 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m 3. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1edb \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tham d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C C\u00d4NG T\u00c1C DO \u0110\u1ed2NG M\u1ed8T LO\u1ea0I T\u00c2M T\u00c1C D\u1ee4NG<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11) Tesu pana upekkh\u00e0sahagatasant\u00ecranacitt\u00e0ni patisandhi-bhavanga-cuti-tad\u00e0rammana-sant\u00ecranavasena pancakicc\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Mah\u00e0vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni attha patisandhi-bhavanga-cuti-tad\u00e0rammanavasena catukicc\u00e0ni. Mahaggatavip\u00e0k\u00e0ni nava patisandhi-bhavanga-cutivasena tikicc\u00e0ni. Somanassasahagatam sant\u00ecranam sant\u00ecrana-tad\u00e0rammanavasena dukiccam. Tath\u00e0 votthapanam ca votthapan\u00e0vajjanavasena. Ses\u00e0ni pana sabb\u00e0ni pi javanamanodh\u00e0tuttika-dvipancavinn\u00e0n\u00e0ni yath\u00e0sambhavamekakicc\u00e0ni ti.<\/p>\n

II. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11)<\/p>\n

1. Hai suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 l\u00e0m 5 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, t\u1eed t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean v\u00e0 suy \u0111\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

2. T\u00e1m lo\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c l\u00e0m 4 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, t\u1eed t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

3. Ch\u00edn \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00f3 3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1eed t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

4. M\u1ed9t Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 c\u00f3 hai t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 suy \u0111\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

5. M\u1ed9t \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m c\u00f3 hai t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

6. 55 T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

7. M\u1ed9t Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u00c0vajjana (h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m)<\/p>\n

8. Hai ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd.<\/p>\n

9. M\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng th\u1ea5y, nghe, ng\u1eedi, n\u1ebfm v\u00e0 x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) Patisandh\u00e0dayo n\u00e0ma kiccabhedena cuddasa, Dasadh\u00e0 th\u00e0nabhedena cittupp\u00e0d\u00e0 pak\u00e0sit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Atthasatthi tath\u00e0 dve ca navatha dve yath\u00e0kkamam,<\/p>\n

Eka-dvi-ti-catu-pancakiccatth\u00e0n\u00e0ni niddise.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Kiccabhedena: Theo t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. Cuddasa: 14. Dasadh\u00e0: 10. Th\u00e0nabhedena: Theo v\u1ecb tr\u00ed. Cittupp\u00e0d\u00e0: S\u1ef1 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m. Pak\u00e0sit\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. Atthasatthi: 68. Navattha: 9 v\u00e0 8. Niddise: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) C\u00e1c t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c v.v… l\u00e0 14 theo t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 10 theo v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n

68 t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/p>\n

2 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 hai t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/p>\n

9 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ba v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/p>\n

8 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/p>\n

2 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 n\u0103m t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 n\u0103m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

1. T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m 55 + ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m 1 + ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m 2 + th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m 10 = 68<\/p>\n

2. \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m 1 + Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 1 = 2<\/p>\n

3. \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m (S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 5 + V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 4) = 9<\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c: 8<\/p>\n

5. Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3: 2.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I THEO C\u0102N M\u00d4N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13) Dv\u00e0rasangahe dv\u00e0r\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma, cakkhudv\u00e0ram, sotadv\u00e0ram, gh\u00e0nadv\u00e0ram, jivh\u00e0dv\u00e0ram, k\u00e0yadv\u00e0ram, manodv\u00e0ram, ceti chabbidh\u00e0ni bhavanti.<\/p>\n

14) Tattha cakkhumeva cakkhudv\u00e0ram. Tath\u00e0 sot\u00e0dayo sotadv\u00e0r\u00e0d\u00ecni. Manodv\u00e0ram pana bhavang\u00e0ti pavuccati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Dv\u00e0rasangahe: T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13) Nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n, nh\u0129 m\u00f4n, t\u1ef7 m\u00f4n, thi\u1ec7t m\u00f4n, th\u00e2n m\u00f4n v\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 s\u00e1u m\u00f4n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. 14) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y m\u1eaft g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n, l\u1ed7 tai g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u0129 m\u00f4n v.v… c\u00f2n \u00fd m\u00f4n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Dv\u00e0ra (c\u1eeda) du l\u00e0 hai v\u00e0 ar ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111i ra, \u0111i v\u00e0o. C\u1eeda n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng v\u1eeba c\u1ea3 l\u1ed1i ra l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 dv\u00e0ra. Khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00e2m, bhavanga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c rung \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. R\u1ed3i \u00e0vajjana (H\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf ngo\u00e0i ngang qua 5 c\u0103n th\u00ec ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, th\u00ec \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, Bhavangupaccheda (H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n (manodv\u00e0ra).<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C T\u00c2M KH\u1edeI QUA N\u0102M C\u0102N M\u00d4N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) Tattha pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana-cakkhuvinn\u00e0na-sampaticchana-sant\u00ecrana-votthapana – k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarajavana-tad\u00e0rammanavasena chacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa-citt\u00e0ni cakkhudv\u00e0re yath\u00e0raham uppajjanti. Tath\u00e0 pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana-sotavinn\u00e0n\u00e0divasena sotadv\u00e0r\u00e0disu pi chacatt\u00e0l\u00ecseva bhavant\u00ec ti sabbath\u00e0 pi pancadv\u00e0re catupann\u00e0sa citt\u00e0ni k\u00e0m\u00e0vacar\u00e0nev\u00e0ti veditabb\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Uppajjanti: Kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Chacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa: 46. Sabbath\u00e0: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Veditabb\u00e0ni: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y 46 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi ngang qua nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng v\u1eady 46 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi qua nh\u0129 m\u00f4n v.v… Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 54 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, ngang qua n\u0103m m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 46 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n, duy t\u00e1c):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c (D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m (D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m (D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

3<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m (B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n 12 + Thi\u1ec7n 16 + Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m 1):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

29<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m (\u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 3 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

46<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

C\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 2 nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, 2 t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, 2 thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c, 2 th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c, n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 54 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua 5 m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C T\u00c2M KH\u1edeI QUA \u00dd M\u00d4N, C\u00c1C T\u00c2M KH\u00d4NG KH\u1edeI QUA C\u0102N M\u00d4N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) Manodv\u00e0re pana manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana-pancapann\u00e0sa-javana-tad\u00e0rammanavasena sattasatthi citt\u00e0ni bhavanti. Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsati patisandhi-bhavanga-cutivasena dv\u00e0ravimutt\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sattasatthi: 67 Ek\u00f9nav\u00ecsati: 19 Dv\u00e0ravimutt\u00e0ni: Kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) 67 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, 55 t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean. 19 t\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1eed t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 67 t\u00e2m sau n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean qua \u00fd m\u00f4n:<\/p>\n

\u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m: 1<\/p>\n

T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m (B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n 12 + Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m 1 + D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang Thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c 16 + S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c 10 + V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Duy t\u00e1c 8 + Si\u00eau th\u1ebf 8) = 55.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c t\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean (\u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c 8 + Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m 3) = 11<\/p>\n

– 19 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi qua m\u00f4n n\u00e0o c\u1ea3: 2 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 + 8 \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m + 9 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Vibh\u00e0vin\u00ect\u00eck\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Dv\u00e0ravimuti v\u00ec:<\/p>\n

(1) kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi ngang qua c\u0103n n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft v.v…<\/p>\n

(2) Bhavanga ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd m\u00f4n,<\/p>\n

(3) ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Cuti v\u00e0 patisandhi. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 hai v\u1ec1 Bhavangupaccheda v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 ba v\u1ec1 bhavanga v\u00e0 cuti.<\/p>\n

NH\u1ee8T M\u00d4N, NG\u0168 M\u00d4N, L\u1ee4C M\u00d4N V\u00c0 V\u00d4 M\u00d4N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) Tesu pana dvipancavinn\u00e0n\u00e0ni ceva mahaggatalokuttara – javan\u00e0ni ceti chattimsa yath\u00e0raham ekadv\u00e0rikacitt\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma. Manodh\u00e0tuttikam pana pancadv\u00e0rikam. Sukhasant\u00ecrana-votthapana-k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarajavan\u00e0ni chadv\u00e0rikacitt\u00e0ni. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatasant\u00ecrana-mah\u00e0vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni chadv\u00e0rik\u00e0ni ceva dv\u00e0ravimutt\u00e0ni ca. Mahaggatavip\u00e0k\u00e0ni dv\u00e0r\u00e0vimutt\u00e0nev\u00e0 t\u00ec.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ekadv\u00e0rika: M\u1ed9t m\u00f4n. Manodh\u00e0tuttikam: 3 \u00fd gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) 36 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ngang qua m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, c\u00e1c t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. 3 \u00fd gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua 5 c\u1eeda. Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua 6 c\u1eeda. Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua 6 m\u00f4n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 36 t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, 10 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m, 8 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m, 8 si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

– Trong m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, 2 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ngang qua nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n, 2 t\u00e2m qua nh\u0129 m\u00f4n, 2 t\u00e2m qua t\u1ef7 m\u00f4n, 2 t\u00e2m qua thi\u1ec7t m\u00f4n v\u00e0 2 t\u00e2m qua th\u00e2n m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

– 18 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi qua \u00fd m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

– 3 \u00fd gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 2 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

– 31 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua 6 c\u1eeda. Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 1 + \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m (hay x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m) 1 v\u00e0 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m 29.<\/p>\n

– 10 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ngang qua 6 c\u1eeda hay kh\u00f4ng ngang qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 hai suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 8 \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. Khi ch\u00fang l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean, ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua 6 c\u1eeda. Khi ch\u00fang l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m, ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

– 9 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m l\u00e0 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. V\u00ec v\u1eady ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo Bhavanga, Patisandhi v\u00e0 Cuti (H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1eed t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) Ekadv\u00e0rikacitt\u00e0ni pancachadv\u00e0rik\u00e0ni ca.<\/p>\n

Chadv\u00e0rikavimutt\u00e0ni vimutt\u00e0ni ca sabbath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Chattimsati tach\u00e0 t\u00ecni ekatimsa yath\u00e0kkaman,<\/p>\n

Dasadh\u00e0 navadh\u00e0 ceti pancadh\u00e0 parid\u00ecpaye.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Parid\u00ecpaye: L\u00e0m cho r\u00f5, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) 36 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi qua m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda. Ba t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi qua 5 c\u1eeda. 31 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi qua 6 c\u1eeda. 10 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi qua 6 c\u1eeda v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o. 9 t\u00e2m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi qua c\u1eeda n\u00e0o h\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 5 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

– 36 t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 10 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m + 26 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

– 3 t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m + 2 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

– 31 t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 1 suy \u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 + 1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m + 29 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

– 10 t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 2 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 + 8 \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

– 9 t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 5 + V\u00f4 s\u1eafc 4.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I THEO \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) \u00c0rammanasangahe \u00e0ramman\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma, r\u00f9p\u00e0rammanam, sadd\u00e0rammanam gandh\u00e0rammanam, ras\u00e0rammanam, photthabb\u00e0rammanam dhamm\u00e0rammanam ceti chabbih\u00e0ni bhavanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– \u00c0rammana: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Photthabba: X\u00fac.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 6 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 S\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u00c0rammanam, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n \u00e0 + ram, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 luy\u1ebfn \u00e1i, d\u00ednh, th\u00edch th\u00fa. \u00c0lambana, t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n \u00e0 + lamb \u0111eo v\u00e0o. V\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 \u0111eo v\u00e0o, d\u00ednh v\u00e0o, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

– Photthabb\u00e0rammana: X\u00fac, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 cho \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 phong \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u00e1nh c\u1ee9ng, t\u00e1nh n\u00f3ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn n\u01a1i th\u00e2n, tr\u1eeb th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh nhi\u1ebfp n\u00ean th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi ba \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi th\u00e2n, th\u1eddi l\u1ea1c th\u1ecd, kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 th\u1ecd kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00f9y theo \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

6 \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) Tattha r\u00f9pameva r\u00f9p\u00e0rammanam. Tath\u00e0 sadd\u00e0dayo sadd\u00e0ramman\u00e0d\u00ecni. Dhamm\u00e0rammanam pana pas\u00e0da-sukhu-mar\u00f9pa-citta-cetasika-nibb\u00e0na-pannattivasena chaddh\u00e0 sangayhanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tattha: \u1ede n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. Tath\u00e0: C\u0169ng v\u1eady. Sadda: Ti\u1ebfng. Pas\u00e0da: T\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u0103n. Sukhumar\u00f9pam: T\u1ebf s\u1eafc. Pannatti: Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Sangayhanti: H\u1ecdp l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 6 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0: s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p. Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00fd c\u0103n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1u t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u0103n, t\u1ebf s\u1eafc, t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m s\u1edf, ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Pas\u00e0da: T\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u0103n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u0103n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u0103n \u1edf v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f2n t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n c\u0103n \u1edf c\u00f9ng kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

T\u1ebf s\u1eafc: Trong 28 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p, 16 s\u1eafc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ebf, 12 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00f4. S\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac (g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecba, h\u1ecfa v\u00e0 phong \u0111\u1ea1i) v\u00e0 5 t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u0103n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u00f4 s\u1eafc. 16 s\u1eafc c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ebf s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m: ch\u1ec9 cho 89 t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m s\u1edf: ch\u1ec9 cho 52 t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 8 si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Pannatti: Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. C\u00f3 hai: danh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m (n\u00e0mapannatti) v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m (atthapannatti). T\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 danh kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u1ee3i ra b\u1edfi danh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef0 HI\u1ec6N KH\u1edeI C\u00c1C \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) Tattha cakkhudv\u00e0rikacitt\u00e0nam sabbesampi r\u00f9pameva \u00e0rammanam. Tanca paccupannameva. Tath\u00e0 sotadv\u00e0rikacitt\u00e0d\u00ecnam pi sadd\u00e0d\u00ecni. T\u00e0ni ca paccuppann\u00e0ni yeva. Mano-dv\u00e3rikacitt\u00e3nam pana chabbidhampu paccuppannamat\u0129tam an\u00e0gatam k\u00e0lavimuttam ca yath\u00e3raham \u00e0rammanam hoti. Dv\u00e0ravimutt\u00e0nanca patisandhibhavanga-cutisankh\u00e0t\u00e0nam chabbidhampi yath\u00e0sambhavam yebhuyyena bhavantare cha-dv\u00e0ragahitam paccuppannamat\u00ectam pannattibh\u0169tam v\u00e3 kamma-kammanimitta-gatinimittasammatam \u00e0rammanam hoti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Paccuppannam: Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. At\u00ectam: Qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. An\u00e0gatam: T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. K\u00e0lavimuttam: Tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian t\u00e1nh. Yath\u00e0raham: Theo s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Kamma: Nghi\u1ec7p. Kammanimittam: Nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng. Gatinimittam: Th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1eafc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u0169ng v\u1eady thanh v.v… l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua nh\u0129 m\u00f4n v.v… \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n, s\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean t\u00f9y theo th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 hay v\u1ecb lai hay tho\u00e1t ly ra ngo\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian. C\u00e1c t\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c Patisandhi, Bhavanga v\u00e0 cuti g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Dv\u00e0ra-vimutta (tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi c\u0103n m\u00f4n). Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Trong khi l\u00e2m chung, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c 1) m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hay l\u00e0m trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hay 2) m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y, hay 3) m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i (ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1c sanh).<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a 5 c\u0103n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai hay tho\u00e1t ngo\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian. T\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m (K\u00e0majavana), Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed (Abhinna) v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

S\u00e1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m tr\u1eeb ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ly th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, khi\u1ebfn cho Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed nh\u01b0 thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ly th\u1eddi gian hay qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. V\u00ec Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai. Pannatti (kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m) c\u0169ng tho\u00e1t ly th\u1eddi gian.<\/p>\n

Trong khi l\u00e2m chung, khi s\u1eafp s\u1eeda t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 khi c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m. Nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed t\u00edn th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111ang l\u1ea1y Ph\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kamma. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m. Nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y con dao; ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed thu\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kammanimitta (nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, ng\u00e3 qu\u1ef7 n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c; hay th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00ed thi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gatinimitta (th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng).<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG C\u1ee6A V\u00d4 NH\u00c2N V\u00c0 B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22a) Tesu cakkhuvinn\u00e0n\u00e0d\u00ecni yath\u00e0kkamam r\u00f9p\u00e0di ekek\u00e0ramman\u00e0neva.<\/p>\n

Manodh\u00e0tuttikam pana r\u00f9p\u00e0dipanc\u00e3rammanam. Ses\u00e0ni k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaravip\u00e0k\u00e0ni hasanacittan ceti sabbath\u00e0 pi k\u00e0m\u00e0vacar\u00e0ramman\u00e0neva. Akusal\u00e0ni ceva n\u00e0navippayuttak\u00e0m\u00e0vacara-javan\u00e0ni ceti lokuttara-vajjitasabb\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Yath\u00e0kkamam: T\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Ekeka: M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22a) Trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m \u1ea5y, s\u1eafc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, ti\u1ebfng, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c. C\u00f2n ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, ti\u1ebfng, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00fac. Nh\u1eefng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. C\u00f2n D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eefng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m 3 + \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m 8. 11 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c Suy \u0111\u1ea1c, hay \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean, hay Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u1eed t\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c Suy \u0111\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi cao h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 cao khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u1edf Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00ec t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 tham, s\u00e2n, si. T\u00e1m t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Si\u00eau th\u1ebf. D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u, Nh\u1ee9t lai v\u00e0 B\u1ea5t lai \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi si\u00eau th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng khi t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi si\u00eau th\u1ebf. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi si\u00eau th\u1ebf. C\u0169ng v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. V\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi si\u00eau th\u1ebf, d\u1ea7u c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u1ea5y bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi si\u00eau th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG C\u1ee6A D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI, S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI, V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI, V\u00c0 SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe T\u1ecaNH QUANG T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22b) Nanasampayuttak\u00e3m\u00e3vacarakusal\u00e3ni ceva pancamajjh\u00e0nasankh\u00e3tam abhinn\u00e0kusalan ceti arahattamaggaphalavajjitasabb\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

N\u00e0nasampayuttak\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakriy\u00e0ni ceva kriy\u00e0bhinn\u00e0votthapanan cetiz sabbath\u00e0 pi sabb\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

\u00c0ruppesu dutiyacatutth\u00e0ni mahaggat\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni. Ses\u00e0ni mahaggatacitt\u00e0ni sabb\u00e0ni pi pannatt\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni. Lokuttaracitt\u00e0ni nibb\u00e0n\u00e0ramman\u00e0n\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pancamajjh\u00e0nasankk\u00e0tam: G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n. Abhinn\u00e0kusalam: Thi\u1ec7n th\u1eafng tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22b) D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n th\u1eafng tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1eeb A la h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3. D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ecbnh quang duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 duy t\u00e1c th\u1eafng tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n v\u1edbi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 bi\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc B\u1ea5t lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi hay m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi Duy t\u00e1c t\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1edf trong c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng tr\u00ed thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0o, ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai hay \u1edf r\u1ea5t xa. C\u00f2n \u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m hay x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c suy t\u01b0, v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Anant\u00e0k\u00e0sa (kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean) v\u00e0 \u00c0kincanna (v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu) l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 h\u1eefu l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f2n \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) Panca v\u00ecsa parittamhi, cha citt\u00e0ni mahaggate.<\/p>\n

Ekavisati voh\u00e0re attha nibb\u00e0na-gocare.<\/p>\n

V\u00ecs\u00e0nuttaramuttamhi, aggamagga-phalujjhite.<\/p>\n

Panca, sabbattha chacceti sattadh\u00e0 tattha sangaho.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pancav\u00ecsa: 25 Parittamhi: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Voh\u00e0re: Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Gocare: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ecs\u00e0nuttaramuttamhi: 20 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau th\u1ebf. Aggamaggaphala: A la h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3. Ujjhite; Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) 25 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. S\u00e1u t\u00e2m l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 bi\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, 21 t\u00e2m l\u1ea5y kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 8 t\u00e2m l\u1ea5y Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. 20 t\u00e2m l\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau th\u1ebf. 5 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau th\u1ebf. 6 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3y m\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25 t\u00e2m: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c 23 + ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m 1 + Ti\u1ec3u sanh t\u00e2m 1.<\/p>\n

– 6 t\u00e2m: Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 3 + phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng 3.<\/p>\n

– 21 t\u00e2m: S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 15 + kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 3 + v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 3.<\/p>\n

– 8 t\u00e2m: \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m 4 + qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m 4.<\/p>\n

– 20 t\u00e2m: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n 12 + D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, thi\u1ec7n 4 + Duy t\u00e1c 4.<\/p>\n

– 5 t\u00e2m: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0 ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed 4 + Thi\u1ec7n th\u1eafng tr\u00ed 1.<\/p>\n

– 6 t\u00e2m: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi Duy t\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed 4 + Duy t\u00e1c th\u1eafng tr\u00ed 1 + x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m 1.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c (patisandhi) c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 ananto \u00e0k\u00e0so (h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 bi\u00ean) v\u00e0 natthi kinci (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu g\u00ec). Hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 Kammanimitta (nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng) th\u00e2u l\u00e3nh ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n. Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kammanimitta (nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n. V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I THEO TR\u00da C\u0102N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) Vatthu-sangahe vatth\u00f9ni n\u00e0ma, cakkhusota-gh\u00e0na-jivh\u00e0-k\u00e0ya-hadayavatthu c\u00e0ti chabbidh\u00e0ni bhavanti. T\u00e0ni k\u00e0ma-loke sabb\u00e0ni pi labbhanti. R\u00f9pa-loke pana gh\u00e0n\u00e0dittayam natthi. Ar\u00f9pa-loke pana sabb\u00e0ni pi na samvijjanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vatthu: Tr\u00fa c\u0103n. Hadayavatthu: \u0110o\u00e0n t\u00e2m. Samvijjanti: C\u00f3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) V\u1ec1 tr\u00fa c\u0103n c\u00f3 s\u00e1u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3: m\u1eaft, tai, m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m. T\u1ea1i D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 tr\u00fa c\u0103n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. T\u1ea1i s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ba tr\u00fa c\u0103n (m\u0169i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i v\u00e0 da). \u1ede v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00fa c\u0103n n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Vatthu: t\u1eeb ng\u1eef c\u0103n Vas, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1edf, tr\u00fa ng\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u00fa s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u0103n.<\/p>\n

TR\u00da C\u0102N C\u1ee6A C\u00c1C T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25 a) Tattha panca – vinn\u00e0na – dh\u00e0tuyo yath\u00e0kkamam ekantena panca pas\u00e0da-vatth\u00f9ni niss\u00e0yeva pavaitanti.<\/p>\n

b) Panca-dv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana-sampaticchanasankh\u00e0t\u00e0 pana manodh\u00e0t\u00f9 ca hadayam nissit\u00e0 yeva pavattanti.<\/p>\n

c) Avases\u00e0 pana mano-vinnana-dh\u00e0tu-sankh\u00e0t\u00e0 ca sant\u00ecrana-mah\u00e0vip\u00e0ka- patighavaya – pathamamagga – hasanar\u00f9p\u00e0vacara – vasena hadayam niss\u00e0yeva pavattanti.<\/p>\n

d) Avasev\u00e0 kusal\u00e0kusala-kr\u00ecy\u00e0nuttara-vasena pana niss\u00e0ya v\u00e0 aniss\u00e0ya v\u00e0.<\/p>\n

e) \u00c0ruppa-vip\u00e0ka-vasena hadayam aniss\u00e0yev\u00e0 ti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Yath\u00e0kkamam. T\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Ekantena: B\u1edfi m\u1ed7i m\u00f4n. Pas\u00e0da: T\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u0103n. Niss\u00e0ya: T\u00f9y theo, y theo. Pavattanti: Hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn. Avases\u00e0: C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25 a) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y 5 th\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9c y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc tr\u00fa c\u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

b) C\u00f2n \u00fd gi\u1edbi t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

c) C\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, hai H\u1eadn t\u00e2m, D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, c\u0169ng \u00fd c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

d) C\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Thi\u1ec7n, B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, Duy t\u00e1c v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1eeba y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m, v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

e) C\u00e1c V\u00f4 s\u1eafc d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng y c\u1ee9 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

VI. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i, Hadayavatthu (\u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m) l\u00e0 tr\u00fa c\u0103n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, trong tr\u00e1i tim c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00e1u, v\u00e0 \u00fd c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u00e1u \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tr\u00fa c\u0103n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1i tim \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y. Trong quy\u1ec3n Dhammasangani, danh t\u1eeb Hadayavatthu b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qu\u00ean. Trong t\u1eadp Patth\u00e0na \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef Hadaya l\u00e0 tr\u00fa c\u0103n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, t\u1eadp n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef yam r\u00f9pamniss\u00e0ya (y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ba danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn. Panca vinn\u00e0nadh\u00e0tu ch\u1ec9 cho 5 th\u1ee9c. Manodh\u00e0tu ch\u1ec9 cho ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 hai ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m. Manovinn\u00e0nadh\u00e0tu ch\u1ec9 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

3 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m v\u1edbi 8 \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u1edf v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n m\u00f4n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0o \u1edf c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u1ea5y. V\u00ec S\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t n\u00ean hai h\u1eadn t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u1edf s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng D\u1ef1 L\u01b0u \u0110\u1ea1o T\u00e2m, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nghe ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c (paratoghosappaccaya), n\u00ean ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u t\u00e2m trong c\u00e1c t\u00e2m y c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m. Ti\u1ec3u sanh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ed9c gi\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh ra ngo\u00e0i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 26) Cha-vatthum nisst\u00e0 k\u00e0me satta r\u00f9pe catubbidh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Tivatthum nissit\u00e0r\u00f9pe dh\u00e0tvek\u00e0nissit\u00e0 mat\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Tecatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa niss\u00e0ya dvecatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa j\u00e0yare.<\/p>\n

Niss\u00e0ya ca aniss\u00e0ya p\u00e0k\u00e0rupp\u00e0 anissit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Dh\u00e0tveka: M\u1ed9t \u00fd gi\u1edbi. Mat\u00e0: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u. Tecatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa: 43. J\u00e0yare: Sinh ra. P\u00e0k\u00e0rupp\u00e0: V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 26) \u1ede gi\u1edbi, 7 th\u1ee9c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean 6 tr\u00fa c\u0103n. \u1ede s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 4 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean ba tr\u00fa c\u0103n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1eaft, tai v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m. \u1ede v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. 43 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u00e1u tr\u00fa c\u0103n. 42 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o 6 tr\u00fa c\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. 4 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o tr\u00fa c\u0103n n\u00e0o c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 7 th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Manodh\u00e0tu (\u00fd gi\u1edbi), Manovinn\u00e0nadh\u00e0tu (\u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi) v\u00e0 vinn\u00e0na (th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c v.v…). 4 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi + nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi + \u00fd gi\u1edbi + \u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

43 t\u00e2m sau n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean 6 tr\u00fa c\u0103n:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

K\u00e0mavip\u00e0ka (D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

23<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Panca dv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana (Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Hasitupp\u00e0da (Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Patigha (H\u1eadn):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

R\u00f9p\u00e0vacara (S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

15<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Sot\u00e0pattimagga (D\u1ef1c l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

43<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

42 t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean 6 c\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean c\u0103n n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\n

Akusala (B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n tr\u1eeb hai h\u1eadn t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

10<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana (\u00fd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

K\u00e0ma, kusala + kiriy\u00e0 (D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, thi\u1ec7n + Duy t\u00e1c):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

16<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Ar\u00f9pa, kusala + kiriy\u00e0 (V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, thi\u1ec7n + Duy t\u00e1c):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

8<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

Lokuttara (Si\u00eau th\u1ebf tr\u1eeb D\u1ef1 L\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m):<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

7<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

\n

T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng:<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

\n

42<\/em><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng IV – L\u1ed9 Tr\u00ecnh C\u1ee7a T\u00e2m (Citta-V\u012bthi)<\/h3>\n

PH\u1ea6N M\u1ed8T: L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A T\u00c2M QUA 5 C\u0102N<\/h4>\n

B\u00c0I K\u1ec6 GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Cittupp\u00e0d\u00e0namiccevam katv\u00e0 sangahamuttaram,<\/p>\n

Bh\u00f9mi-puggala-bhedena pubb\u00e0para-niy\u00e0mitam.<\/p>\n

Pavatti-sangaham n\u00e0ma patisandhi-pavattiyam.<\/p>\n

Pavakkh\u00e0mi sam\u00e0sena yath\u00e0sambhavatokatham.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Cittup\u00e0d\u00e0nam: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f9ng kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi t\u00e2m. Sangahamuttaram: S\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m s\u1edf. Bh\u00f9mi-puggala-bhedena: Theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Pubb\u00e0paraniy\u00e0mitam: Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u1edf sau. Pavattisangaham: T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn (c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c). Patisandhipavattiyam: S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c Pavakh\u00e0mi: T\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i. Sam\u00e0sena: T\u00f3m t\u1eaft. Yath\u00e0sambhavam: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Katham: L\u1eddi n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1) Sau khi t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1eafn t\u1eaft, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m khi th\u1ecd sanh v\u00e0 khi s\u1ed1ng, theo c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 theo lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0o sau.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p theo th\u1ecd, m\u00f4n v.v… Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c khi th\u1ecd sanh v\u00e0 khi sinh ho\u1ea1t th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y t\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi. Ch\u1eef “\u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0o sau” ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean,theo sau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

6 LO\u1ea0I, 6 TH\u1ee8<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) Cha vatth\u00f9ni, cha dv\u00e0r\u00e0ni, cha \u00e0ramman\u00e0ni, cha vinn\u00e0n\u00e0ni, cha v\u00ecthiyo, chadh\u00e0 visayappavatti ceti v\u00ecthi-sangahe cha chakk\u00e0ni veditabb\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

3) Vith\u00ec-mutt\u00e0nam pana kamma-kammanimitta-gatinimittavasena tividh\u00e0 hoti visayappavatti.<\/p>\n

4) Tattha vatthu-dv\u00e0r\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni puble vuttana-y\u00e0neva.<\/p>\n

5) Cakkhu-vinn\u00e0nam, sota-vinn\u00e0nam, gh\u00e0na-vinn\u00e0nam, jivh\u00e0-vinn\u00e0nam, k\u00e0ya-vinn\u00e0nam, mano-vinn\u00e0nam ceti cha vinn\u00e0n\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Vatth\u00f9ni: Tr\u00fa c\u0103n. Dv\u00e0r\u00e0ni: M\u00f4n. \u00c0ramman\u00e0ni: S\u1edf duy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ecthiyo: Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. Visayappavatti: S\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. V\u00ecthimutt\u00e0nam: Tho\u00e1t ly l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 2) V\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, 6 lo\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i 6 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft: 6 tr\u00fa c\u0103n, 6 c\u0103n m\u00f4n, 6 s\u1edf duy\u00ean, 6 th\u1ee9c, 6 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, 6 s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

3) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tho\u00e1t ly ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi c\u00f3 ba: nghi\u1ec7p, nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n

4) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c tr\u00fa c\u0103n, c\u0103n m\u00f4n v\u00e0 s\u1edf duy\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

5) 6 th\u1ee9c t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng Patisandhi, Bhavanga v\u00e0 Cuti kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, cho n\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tho\u00e1t ly l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C LO\u1ea0I L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) Cha v\u00ecthiyo pana cakkhu-dv\u00e0ra-v\u00ecthi, sota-dv\u00e0ra-v\u00ecthi, gh\u00e0na-dv\u00e0ra-v\u00ecthi, jivh\u00e0-dv\u00e0ra-v\u00ecthi, k\u00e0ya-dv\u00e0ra-vith\u00ec, mano dv\u00e0ra-vith\u00ec, ceti dv\u00e0ravasena v\u00e0. Cakkhu-vinn\u00e0na-v\u00ecthi, sota-vinn\u00e0na-v\u00ecthi, gh\u00e0na-vinn\u00e0na-v\u00ecthi, jihv\u00e0-vinn\u00e0na-v\u00ecthi, k\u00e0ya-vinn\u00e0na-v\u00ecthi, mano-vinn\u00e0na-v\u00ecthi, ceti vinn\u00e0na-vasena v\u00e0 dv\u00e0rappavatt\u00e0 cittappavattiyo yojetabb\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Cakkhudv\u00e0rav\u00ecthi: L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngang qua nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n. Dv\u00e0rappavatt\u00e0: Di\u1ec5n kh\u1edfi ngang qua c\u0103n m\u00f4n. Cittappavattiyo: S\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Yojetabb\u00e0: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) Theo c\u00e1c m\u00f4n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m c\u00f3 6: L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh qua nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh qua nh\u0129 m\u00f4n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh qua t\u1ef7 m\u00f4n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh qua thi\u1ec7t m\u00f4n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh qua th\u00e2n m\u00f4n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh qua \u00fd m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

Hay theo th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u00e1u. L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7t th\u1ee9c, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

T\u00c2M S\u00c1T NA – L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u00edch n\u00e0o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bhavanga hay h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t Bhavanga r\u1ed3i ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o Bhavanga. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u00e3i m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng Bhavanga. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng n\u1ed5i l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t bi\u1ec3n, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian r\u1ed3i ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i d\u1eady m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t Bahavanga, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1ed3i t\u00e2m \u1ea5y ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m kh\u1edfi d\u1eady m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: 1) Upp\u00e0da (2) (Sanh) Thiti (tr\u00fa) v\u00e0 Bhanga (di\u1ec7t). \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m, t\u1eeb khi kh\u1edfi cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Cittakhana (T\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na).<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh ngang qua 5 c\u0103n,<\/p>\n

1. S\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y y\u00ean t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Bhavanga b\u1ecb rung \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bhavangacalana (s\u1ef1 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n).<\/p>\n

2. R\u1ed3i d\u00f2ng Bhavanga \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na v\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bhavangupaccheda (s\u1ef1 d\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Bhavanga).<\/p>\n

R\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y, nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na sau n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch mau l\u1eb9, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

3. Pancadv\u00e0ravajjana (ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m)<\/p>\n

4. Cakkhuvinn\u00e0na (nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c hay m\u1ed9t trong 4 th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c).<\/p>\n

5. Sampaticchana (Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

6. Sant\u00ecrana (Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

7. Votthapana (X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

8 – 14) Javana (T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m). T\u00e2m n\u00e0y m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn 7 s\u00e1t-na.<\/p>\n

15 – 16) Tad\u00e0lambana (\u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean). T\u00e2m n\u00e0y g\u00ecn gi\u1eef v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u1eadp \u0111i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn hai s\u00e1t-na.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1eeb Bhavanga calana \u0111\u1ebfn Tad\u00e0lambana c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 16 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngang qua 5 m\u00f4n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Pancadv\u00e0rav\u00ecthi (L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m qua 5 m\u00f4n). Khi ch\u00fang ta nghe ti\u1ebfng, ng\u1eedi h\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u1ebfm v\u1ecb, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n Vith\u00ec (L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh). Khi ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta ghi nh\u1eadn kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0o trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u1edf y\u00ean, nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt \u1ea5y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 l\u1eeda m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi t\u1eebng s\u00e1t-na m\u1ed9t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd Anicca c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt thay \u0111\u1ed5i bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch mau ch\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec sao m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn 16 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na. Abhidhamma gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn 16 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt hay \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 17 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 17, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

PH\u00c2N LO\u1ea0I C\u00c1C \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 7) Ati-mahantam, mahantam, parittam, atiparittam, ceti pancadv\u00e0re. Mano-dv\u00e0re vibh\u00f9tamavibh\u00f9tam ceti chadh\u00e0 visayappavatti veditabb\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Atimahantam: R\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Mahantam: L\u1edbn. Paritta: Nh\u1ecf. Atiparitta: R\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. Vibh\u00f9ta: R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Avibh\u00f9ta: Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Visayappavatti: S\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 7) \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y theo s\u00e1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

Ngang qua 5 m\u00f4n: R\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, l\u1edbn, nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n: R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 1) Khi s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t-na sau khi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfp theo, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn 16 s\u00e1t-na, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Atimahanta hay R\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

2) Khi s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n sau khi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t gi\u1eefa ch\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Javana (t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh). Do v\u1eady c\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1ecf duy\u00ean (Tad\u00e0lambana) kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mahanta hay l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

3) Khi s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu \u1edbt h\u01a1n, s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd c\u00f2n ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa sau khi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Javana \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na c\u1ee7a Votthapana (x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i hai hay ba l\u1ea7n r\u1ed3i ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o trong Bhavanga. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Paritta hay nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

4) Khi s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t sau khi khi\u1ebfn Bhavanga rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Atiparitta hay r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

5) Khi s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch qua \u00fd m\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 hai t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na c\u1ee7a Tad\u00e0lambana (\u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean). \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vibh\u00f9ta hay qu\u00e1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

6) Khi s\u1ef1 k\u00edch th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1eddi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn Javana r\u1ed3i ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng Bhavanga. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady hai s\u00e1t na c\u1ee7a Tad\u00e0lambana kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Katham? Upp\u00e0datthitibhangavasena khanattayam ekacittakkhanam n\u00e0ma. T\u00e0ni pana sattarasacittakkhan\u00e0ni r\u00f9padhamm\u00e0nam\u00e0yu. Ekacittakkhan\u00e0t\u00ect\u00e0ni v\u00e0 bahucittakkhan\u00e0t\u00ect\u00e0ni v\u00e0 thitippatt\u00e0neva panc\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni pancadv\u00e0re \u00e0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gacchanti.<\/p>\n

Tasm\u00e0, yadi ekacittakkhan\u00e0t\u00ectakam r\u00f9p\u00e0rammanam cakkhussa \u00e0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gacchanti, tato param dvikkhattum bhavange calite bhavangasotam vocchinditv\u00e0 tameva r\u00f9p\u00e0rammanam \u00e0vajjantam pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjanacittam uppajjitv\u00e0 nirujjhati. Tato tass\u00e0nantaram tameva r\u00f9pam passantam cakkhuvinn\u00e0nam. Sampaticchantam sampaticchanacittam. Sant\u00ecrayam\u00e0nam sant\u00ecranacittam. Vavatthapentam votthapanacittam ceti yath\u00e0kkamam uppajjitv\u00e0 niruj\u2019hanti.<\/p>\n

Tato param ek\u00f9natimsa-k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarajavanesu yam kinci laddhappaccayam yebbhuyyena sattakkhattum javati. Javan\u00e0nubandh\u00e0ni ca dve tad\u00e0rammanap\u00e0k\u00e0ni yath\u00e0raham pavattanti. Tato param bhavangap\u00e0to.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Katham: Sao. Upp\u00e0da: Sinh. Thiti: Tr\u00fa. Bhanga: Di\u1ec7t. Khanattayam: 3 s\u00e1t-na. Ekacittakkhanam: M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na. Sattarasacittakkhan\u00e0ni: 17 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na. R\u00f9padhamm\u00e0nam\u00e0yu: Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p. Ekacittakkhan\u00e0t\u00ect\u00e0ni: M\u1ed9t s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Bahucittakkhan\u00e0t\u00ect\u00e0ni: Nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Thitippatt\u00e0ni: T\u1ea1i giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00fa. \u00c0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gacchanti. \u0110\u1ebfn trong ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a 5 c\u0103n. Tato param: R\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn. Dvikkhattum: Hai l\u1ea7n. Bhavangasotam: Gi\u00f2ng h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n. Vocchinditv\u00e0: B\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Nirujjhati: Di\u1ec7t. Tato tass\u00e0nantaram: T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ti\u1ebfp li\u1ec1n theo t\u00e2m \u1ea5y. Ek\u00f9natimsa: 29. Laddhappaccayam: Nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh b\u1edfi nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean. Yebhuyyena: Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn. Bhavangap\u00e0to: R\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o? M\u1ed9t s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ba giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sanh, tr\u00fa v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t. 17 s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p. 5 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1c quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o trong ph\u1ea1m vi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a 5 c\u0103n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Do v\u1eady, khi s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o trong ph\u1ea1m vi ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1eaft m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n, ti\u1ebfp theo h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng hai l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 gi\u00f2ng h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, r\u1ed3i ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y. Ti\u1ebfp theo t\u00e2m \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t: nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd (s\u1eafc), suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m suy \u0111\u1ea1c (s\u1eafc), x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh (s\u1eafc).<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp theo, m\u1ed9t trong 29 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean chi ph\u1ed1i, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn 7 s\u00e1t-na. Theo sau Javan\u00e0 l\u00e0 hai \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u00f9y theo m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00ecm trong Bhavanga.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7, khi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0o trong ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c, qua m\u1ed9t trong 5 c\u1eeda, m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t na c\u1ee7a Bhavanga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4i qua. S\u00e1t na \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n (at\u00ectabhavanga). R\u1ed3i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n cho \u0111\u1ebfn 16 s\u00e1t-na. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

– 29 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m l\u00e0: B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n 12 + Thi\u1ec7n 16 + Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m 1.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn 17 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

* Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana 1 + cakkhuvinn\u00e0nam 1 + sampaticchana 1 + sant\u00ecrana 1 + votthapana 1 + Javana 7 + Tad\u00e0lambana 2 = 14.<\/p>\n

* Bhavannga rung \u0111\u1ed9ng 2 + qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n 1 = 3.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG R\u1ea4T L\u1edaN, L\u1edaN, NH\u1ece, R\u1ea4T NH\u1ece<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) a) Ett\u00e0vat\u00e0 cuddasa v\u00ecthicittupp\u00e0d\u00e0, dve bhavangacalan\u00e0ni, pubbev\u00e0t\u00ectakamekacittakkhananti katv\u00e0 sattarasacittakkhan\u00e0ni parip\u00f9renti, tato param nirujjhati. \u00c0rammanametam atimahantam n\u00e0ma gocaram.<\/p>\n

b) Y\u00e0va tad\u00e0rammanuppad\u00e0 pana appahont\u00e0t\u00ectakam\u00e0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gatam \u00e0rammanam mahantam n\u00e0ma. Tattha javan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne bhavangap\u00e0to va hoti, natthi tad\u00e0rammanupp\u00e0do.<\/p>\n

c) Yava javanupp\u00e0d\u00e0 pi appahont\u00e0t\u00ectakam\u00e0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gatam \u00e0rammanam parittam n\u00e0ma. Tattha javanampi anuppajjitv\u00e0 dvittikkhattum votthapanameva pavattati, tato param bhavangap\u00e0to va hoti.<\/p>\n

d) Y\u00e0va votthapanupp\u00e0d\u00e0 ca pana appahont\u00e0t\u00ectakam\u00e0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gatam nirodh\u00e0sannam\u00e0rammanam atiparittam n\u00e0ma. Tattha bhavanga-calanameva hoti, natthi v\u00ecthicittupp\u00e0do.<\/p>\n

e) Iccevam cakkhudv\u00e0re tath\u00e0 sotadv\u00e0r\u00e0disu ceti sabbath\u00e0pi pancadv\u00e0re tad\u00e0rammana-javana-votthapana-moghav\u00e0rasankh\u00e0t\u00e0nam catunnam v\u00e0r\u00e0nam yath\u00e0kkamam \u00e0rammabh\u00f9t\u00e0 visayappavatti-catudh\u00e0 veditabb\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Cuddasa v\u00ecthicittupp\u00e0d\u00e0: 14 s\u1ef1 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u1edf trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh. Patip\u00f9renti: L\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Gocaram: C\u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Appahont\u00e0t\u00ectakam: Tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Dvittikkhattun: 2 hay 3 l\u1ea7n. Nirodh\u00e0sannam\u00e0rammanam: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eafp s\u1eeda di\u1ec7t. Mogha: Tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed5ng, v\u00f4 \u00edch. V\u00e0ra: S\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) a) Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn 17 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 14 t\u00e2m sanh ra \u1edf tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, hai s\u1ef1 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e2m \u1ea5y di\u1ec7t. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

b) M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

c) M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ecf n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i hai hay ba t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na. Xong l\u1ea1i ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

d) M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eafp s\u1eeda di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

e) Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e3n m\u00f4n. C\u0169ng v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u0129 m\u00f4n v.v… t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 5 m\u00f4n, c\u00f3 4 s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1, theo 4 c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 Tad\u00e0lambana-v\u00e0ra, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, Votthapanav\u00e0ra, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 moghav\u00e0ra, ch\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn cho H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– V\u00ecthicitta: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ra tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 14: Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m 1 + Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c + Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m 1 + Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m 1 + Votthapana 1 + Javana 7 + Tad\u00e0lambana 2.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) V\u00ecthicitt\u00e0ni satteva cittupp\u00e0d\u00e0 catuddasa, Catupann\u00e0sa vittha\u00e0r\u00e0 pancadv\u00e0re yath\u00e0raham.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– V\u00ecthicitt\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh. Catupann\u00e0sa: 54. Vitth\u00e0r\u00e0: N\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng ra.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 10) T\u1ea1i 5 m\u00f4n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1:<\/p>\n

1. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 7 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n T\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

2. 14 s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

3. V\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n c\u00f3 54 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 7 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na l\u00e0 ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9c, ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

– 14 T\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na l\u00e0 ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m 1 + m\u1ed9t trong 5 th\u1ee9c 1 + Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m 1 + Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m 1 + X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m 1 + T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m 7 + \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean 2: 14.<\/p>\n

– 54 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 54 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m (12 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n + 18 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m + 24 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

PH\u1ea6N HAI – L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH QUA \u00dd M\u00d4N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11) Mano-dv\u00e0re pana yadi vibh\u00f9tam\u00e0lambanam \u00e0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gacchati, tato param bhavangacalana-manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana-javan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne tad\u00e0lambana-p\u00e0k\u00e0ni pavattanti, tato param bhavanga-p\u00e0to.<\/p>\n

Avibh\u00f9te \u00e0lambane javan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne bhavangap\u00e0tova hoti, natthi ta-d\u00e0lambanupp\u00e0do.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Yadi: N\u1ebfu. Vibh\u00f9tam\u00e0lambanam: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Avibh\u00f9te: Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11) N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0o trong ph\u1ea1m vi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n, ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean sau H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u1ea1i ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1eddi sau T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, r\u01a1i v\u00e0o H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng sanh kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ngang qua \u00fd m\u00f4n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 khi t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb, suy ngh\u0129 hay n\u1ed9i qu\u00e1n. Hay thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 quang t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu thi\u1ec1n; Hay l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, hay c\u1ee7a si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng hay kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn 2 s\u00e1t-na c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m r\u1ed3i ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh hay c\u1ee7a Si\u00eau th\u1ebf, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng Bhavanga (H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n) nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian tu t\u1eadp, v\u1ecb \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n g\u00ecn gi\u1eef T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m (Javana) kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng Bhavanga (h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n). \u0110\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean l\u00e0 Appan\u00e0 (An-ch\u1ec9). L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Appan\u00e0-Javana-v\u00e0ra hay l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn Appan\u00e0-Javana. L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec ch\u00ednh \u1edf l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh hay Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n

D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 8 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi Tr\u00ed (4 Thi\u1ec7n + 4 Duy t\u00e1c), kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi Tr\u00ed. Ba hay b\u1ed1n S\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh hay Si\u00eau th\u1ebf T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 hay th\u1ee9 n\u0103m. Nh\u01b0ng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi: 1) Parikamma (Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb), 2) Upac\u00e0ra (C\u1eadn h\u00e0nh), 3) Anuloma (Thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9) v\u00e0 4) Gotrabh\u00f9 (Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh). Sau Appan\u00e0 Javana, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Tad\u00e0lambana (\u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean), v\u00ec \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) V\u00ecthi – c\u00ectt\u00e0ni tineva cittupp\u00e0d\u00e0 daserit\u00e0 Vitth\u00e0rena panethekacatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa vibh\u00e0vaye.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Daserit\u00e0: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. Vibh\u00e0vaye: S\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) 3 lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 10 lo\u1ea1i (t\u00e2m) tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. S\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 41 lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 3 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 3 t\u00e2m: \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

– M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na l\u00e0 \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m 1 + T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m 7 + \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean 2.<\/p>\n

– 41 t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, tr\u1eeb 13 t\u00e2m sau n\u00e0y: 10 Th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m + 1 Ng\u0169 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m + 2 Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m. N\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng 3 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 8 \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh qua \u00fd m\u00f4n, d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH C\u1ee6A AN-CH\u1ec8 T\u1ed0C H\u00c0NH T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13) Appan\u00e0javanav\u00e0re pana vibh\u00f9t\u00e0vibh\u00f9tabhedo natthi. Tath\u00e0 tad\u00e0rammanupp\u00e0do ca. Tattha hi n\u00e0nasampayut-tak\u00e0m\u00e0vacarajavan\u00e0namatthannam annatarasmim parikammopac\u00e0r\u00e0nulo-magotrabh\u00f9n\u00e0mena catukkhattum tikkhattumeva v\u00e0 y\u00e0th\u00e0kkamam up-pajjitv\u00e0 niruddh\u00e0nantarameva yath\u00e0raham catuttham pancamam v\u00e0 chabb\u00ecsati mahaggata-lokuttara-javanesu yath\u00e0bhin\u00ech\u00e0ravasena yam kinci javanam appan\u00e0v\u00ecthimotarati, tato param appan\u00e0-javan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne bhavangap\u00e0to va hoti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Parikamma: Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb. Upac\u00e0ra: C\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Anuloma: Thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9. Gotrabh\u00f9: Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh. Chabb\u00ecsati: 26. Yath\u00e0bhin\u00ech\u00e0ravasena: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Appan\u00e0v\u00ecthimotarati: \u0110i xu\u1ed1ng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Appan\u00e0 (An ch\u1ec9).<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 13) Trong s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a An-ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sanh kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t trong 8 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, t\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, 4 l\u1ea7n hay 3 l\u1ea7n, d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a Parikamma (chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb), Upac\u00e0ra (c\u1eadn h\u00e0nh) Anuloma (thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9) v\u00e0 Gotrabh\u00f9 (chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh). Li\u1ec1n sau khi ch\u00fang di\u1ec7t, trong s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 hay th\u1ee9 n\u0103m t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, m\u1ed9t T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m trong 26 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m \u0111i v\u00e0o trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a An ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Appan\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn v\u00e0 y ch\u1ec9 nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng (Ekaggam cittam \u00e0rammane appenti), nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vitakka (t\u1ea7m) nh\u01b0ng s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o v\u00e0 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n. V\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n tu thi\u1ec1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, t\u00f9y theo t\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh r\u1ed3i chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 sau: Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana (\u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m), Parikamma (Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e2m), Upac\u00e0ra (C\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m), Anuloma (Thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9 t\u00e2m), Gotrabh\u00f9 (Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh), Appan\u00e0 (An ch\u1ec9). T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn Parikamma (Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u00e2m), s\u1edf d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi v\u1eady v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m cao h\u01a1n, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i-h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m. Xong \u0111\u1ebfn Upac\u00e0ra hay C\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m hay Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m s\u1eafp ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng hai s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m n\u00e0y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cho l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Appan\u00e0 (An ch\u1ec9). Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Upac\u00e0ra t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Parikamma t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Anuloma (Thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9c) v\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u00e0y v\u1eeba thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u00e2m ti\u1ebfp (gotrabh\u00f9). Gotrabh\u00f9 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e1nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e1nh. Ti\u1ebfp theo t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m Appan\u00e0. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t Jh\u00e0na ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Upac\u00e0rasam\u00e0dhi. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e0m phu hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc (Sekha), m\u1ed9t trong 4 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc (asekha), th\u1eddi m\u1ed9t trong 4 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Si\u00eau th\u1ebf appan\u00e0-javana \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n

1) Parikamma, 2) Upac\u00e0ra, 3) Anuloma, 4) Gotrabh\u00f9, 5) Magga, 6) Phala, Phala,<\/p>\n

(Chu\u1ea9n-b\u1ecb, C\u1eadn-h\u00e0nh, Thu\u1eadn-th\u1ee9, Chuy\u1ec3n-t\u00e1nh, \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m, Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

Trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, Parikamma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi hay kh\u00f4ng t\u00f9y theo tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 tu h\u00e0nh. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y Gotrabh\u00f9 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong 4 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong 4 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u01a1 kh\u1edfi n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ba t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Tuy v\u1eady t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na Gotrabh\u00f9 (Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh) n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m (magga) ti\u1ebfp theo m\u1edbi l\u00e0m c\u1ea3 hai ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. Magga hay \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 2 qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 Parikamma, ho\u1eb7c 3 Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Parikamma.<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ec7 tam, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Vod\u00e0na (thanh t\u1ecbnh), th\u1ebf cho Gotrabh\u00f9. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u00e2m Parikamma, th\u00ec Vod\u00e0na kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0o s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec v\u00e0o s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 ba.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong 4 \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m (Magga) ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. Ba Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u, Nh\u1ee9t lai, B\u1ea5t lai kh\u1edfi l\u00ean sau m\u1ed9t T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

Khi h\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ea3 A la h\u00e1n, th\u00ec T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Duy-t\u00e1c, v\u00ec m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

– 26 T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh 18 + Si\u00eau th\u1ebf 8.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef0 LI\u00caN L\u1ea0C GI\u1eeeA T\u1ed0C H\u00c0NH V\u00c0 AN CH\u1ec8-T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) Tattha somanassasahagatajavan\u00e0nantaram appan\u00e0 pi somanassasahagat\u00e0 va p\u00e0tikankhitabb\u00e0. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatajavan\u00e0nantaram upekkh\u00e0sahagat\u00e0 va. Tatth\u00e0pi kusalajavan\u00e0nantaram kusalajavanam ceva hetthimam ca phalattayamappeti. Kriy\u00e0javan\u00e0nantaram kriy\u00e0javanam arahattaphalan c\u00e0 ti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– P\u00e0tikankhitabb\u00e0: C\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Hetthimam: Th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, ti\u1ebfp theo T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, th\u1eddi Appan\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. Appan\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, n\u1ebfu T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, n\u1ebfu T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, th\u00ec Appan\u00e0-javana c\u0169ng thi\u1ec7n hay, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ba Qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng, th\u1eddi ba Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. M\u1ed9t T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh Duy-t\u00e1c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh Duy-t\u00e1c ti\u1ebfp theo hay A la h\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) Dvattimsasukhapunnamh\u00e0 dv\u00e0dasopekkhak\u00e0 param.<\/p>\n

Sukhitakriyato attha cha sambhonti upekkhak\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Puthujjan\u00e0na sekkh\u00e0nam k\u00e0mapunna-tihetuto.<\/p>\n

Tihetuk\u00e0makriyato v\u00ectar\u00e0g\u00e0namappan\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Dvattimsa: 32. Sambhonti: C\u00f3. Tihetuto: T\u1eeb ba nh\u00e2n. V\u00ectar\u00e0g\u00e0nam: C\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb tham, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A la H\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) Sau Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, 32 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean; Sau thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, 12 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean; sau Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, 8 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean; sau Duy-t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, 6 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e0m phu v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng H\u1eefu-h\u1ecdc, qu\u1ea3 Appan\u00e0 (An-ch\u1ec9) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba nh\u00e2n; \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A la H\u00e1n, th\u1eddi qu\u1ea3 Appan\u00e0 (An-ch\u1ec9 t\u00e2m) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi Duy-t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 l\u00e0 2 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 32 An-ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7:<\/p>\n

S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (4 thi\u1ec1n c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi l\u1ea1c): 4<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1o (4 \u0110\u1ea1o x 4 thi\u1ec1n): 16<\/p>\n

Qu\u1ea3 (3 qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc x 4 Thi\u1ec1n): 12<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 8 An-ch\u1ec9 Duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7:<\/p>\n

S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (4 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u): 4<\/p>\n

Si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (A la h\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 x 4 thi\u1ec1n): 4<\/p>\n

– 12 An-ch\u1ec9 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3:<\/p>\n

S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 5): 1<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: 4<\/p>\n

Si\u00eau th\u1ebf (Tr\u1eeb A la H\u00e1n qu\u1ea3): 7<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 6 An-ch\u1ec9 Duy-t\u00e1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3:<\/p>\n

S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 5): 1<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: 4<\/p>\n

Si\u00eau th\u1ebf, A la H\u00e1n qu\u1ea3: 1<\/p>\n

PH\u1ea6N BA – \u0110\u1ed2NG S\u1ede DUY\u00caN T\u00c2M (Tad\u00e0lambana)<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) Sabbath\u00e0 pi panettha anitthe \u00e0rammane akusalavip\u00e0k\u00e0neva pancavinn\u00e0na-sampaticchana-sant\u00ecrana-tad\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni. Itthe kusala-vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni. Atiitthe pana somanassa-sahagat\u00e0neva sant\u00ecranata-d\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

Tatth\u00e0pi somanassasahagatakriy\u00e0javan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne somanassasahagat\u00e0neva tad\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni bhavanti. Upekkh\u00e0sahagatakriy\u00e0javan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne ca upekkh\u00e0-sahagat\u00e0ni honti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Anitthe \u00e0rammane: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i. Itthe: Kh\u1ea3i \u00e1i. Atiitthe: H\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, th\u1eddi 5 Th\u1ee9c t\u00e2m, Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00e2m tr\u00ean thu\u1ed9c Thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, th\u1eddi Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. N\u1ebfu T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– M\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ghi nh\u1eadn t\u00f9y theo th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00fang ta \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Do v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c Tad\u00e0lambana l\u00e0 11 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 3 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 8 \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i, th\u1eddi Tad\u00e0lambana c\u0169ng c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. Tad\u00e0lambana v\u00ec qu\u00e1 mu\u1ed9i l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2n. Tad\u00e0lambana l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt kh\u1ea3 \u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng nguy hi\u1ec3m, nh\u01b0ng Tad\u00e0lambana c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. C\u0169ng v\u1eady m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n T\u1eeb bi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con r\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i Tad\u00e0lambana, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ef7. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 A la h\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 Tad\u00e0lambana, v\u00e0 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, Tad\u00e0lambana v\u1edbi Javana \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed2NG S\u1ede DUY\u00caN V\u00c0 \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG \u1ede D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) Domanassasahagatajavan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne pana tad\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni ceva bhavang\u00e0ni ca upekkh\u00e0sahagat\u00e0ni eva bhavanti. Tasm\u00e0 yadi somanassapatisandhikassa domanassa-sahagatajavan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne tad\u00e0-rammanasambhavo natthi, tad\u00e0 yam kinci paricitapubbam paritt\u00e0ramma-nam\u00e0rabbha upekkh\u00e0sahagatasant\u00ecranam uppajjati. Tamanantaritv\u00e0 bhavangap\u00e0to va hot\u00ecti vadanti \u00e0cariy\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarajavan\u00e0vas\u00e0ne k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarasatt\u00e0nam k\u00e0m\u00e0vacaradhammesveva \u00e0rammnabh\u00f9tesu tad\u00e0rammanam icchant\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) Domanassa: \u01afu. Avas\u00e0ne: Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. Paricitapubbam: Quen thu\u1ed9c \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Paritt\u00e0ramman\u00e0rabbha: Y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Anantaritv\u00e0: Ti\u1ebfp theo, sau khi \u0111\u00f3. \u00c0cariy\u00e0: Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 17) Ti\u1ebfp theo T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u, c\u1ea3 hai \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean v\u00e0 H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. Do v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, th\u1eddi sau T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u01b0u, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean, khi \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y quen thu\u1ed9c trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. Li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3, theo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p-s\u01b0, s\u1ebd ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng trong H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n. \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c-h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed9c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo m\u1ed9t D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 s\u1ebd c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. Theo th\u00f4ng l\u1ec7, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m \u0111i sau \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng chung m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi \u01b0u, th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c (Patisandhi) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 th\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean v\u00ec Bhavanga ti\u1ebfp theo c\u0169ng c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi H\u1ef7. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t-na v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00e0ganutukabhavanga. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Sant\u00ecrana (Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 quen thu\u1ed9c trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Paritta (nh\u1ecf) so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, si\u00eau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ebfu Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c (Patisandhi) kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7, th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Upekkh\u00e0 (x\u1ea3) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Bhavanga ti\u1ebfp theo…<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) K\u00e0me javanasatt\u00e0ramman\u00e0nam niyame sati Vibh\u00f9tetimahante ca tad\u00e0rammanam \u00ecritam.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Satta: Ch\u00fang sanh. Niyame: Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Sati: C\u00f3. Vibh\u00f9ta: R\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. Iritam: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 18) (C\u00e1c v\u1ecb) n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, khi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i D\u1ee5c-gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, ch\u00fang sanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Tad\u00e0lammbana ch\u1ec9 kh\u1edfi ra sau nh\u1eefng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C T\u1ed0C H\u00c0NH T\u00c2M: TH\u1edcI GIAN T\u00c1NH D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI V\u00c0 \u0110\u1ea0I H\u00c0NH T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19a) Javanesu ca parittajavanav\u00ecthiyam k\u00e0m\u00e0-vacarajavann\u00e0ni sattakkhattum chakkhattumeva v\u00e0 javanti. Mandappavat-tiyam pana maranak\u00e0l\u00e0disu pancav\u00e0rameva. Bhagavato pana yamakap\u00e0-tih\u00e0riya-k\u00e0l\u00e0disu lahukappavattiyam catt\u00e0ri panca v\u00e0 paccavekkhanacit-t\u00e0ni bhavant\u00ecti pi vadanti. \u00c0ikammikassa pana path\u00e2kappan\u00e0yam mahaggatajavan\u00e0ni abhinn\u00e0javan\u00e0ni ca sabbath\u00e0pi ekav\u00e0rameva javanti, tato param bhavangap\u00e0to va.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Sattakkhattum: 7 l\u1ea7n. Chakkhattumeva: 6 l\u1ea7n. Mandapavattiyam: Khi b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh. Maranak\u00e0la: Khi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. Pacav\u00e0ram: 5 l\u1ea7n. Yamakap\u00e0tih\u00e0riyak\u00e0l\u00e0: Trong khi hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng Song h\u00e0nh. Kahukappavattiyam: Khi s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 mau l\u1eb9. \u00c0dikammika: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1eadp s\u1ef1. Pathamakappan\u00e0yam: Trong khi tu s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n. Abhinn\u00e0javan\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng tr\u00ed t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Ekav\u00e0rameva: Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19a) Trong nh\u1eefng T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, khi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, th\u1eddi nh\u1eefng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi l\u00ean 7 l\u1ea7n hay s\u00e1u l\u1ea7n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh hay khi g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft v.v…, t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i 5 l\u1ea7n. Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Th\u1ebf-T\u00f4n l\u00e0m c\u00e1c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 song h\u00e0nh v.v…, khi s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t mau l\u1eb9, n\u00ean t\u00e2m suy qu\u00e1n kh\u1edfi l\u00ean 5 hay 6 l\u1ea7n (c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p s\u01b0) n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb tu h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, trong thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eefng \u0110\u1ea1i-h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Th\u1eafng tr\u00ed t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, r\u1ed3i b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng Bhavanga (H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n).<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, Javana t\u00e2m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i 6 hay 7 s\u00e1t-na. Khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh hay s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 5 s\u00e1t-na. Khi \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, phun l\u1eeda l\u1eabn n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 hay 5 T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 suy qu\u00e1n nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf thi\u1ec1n, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng song h\u00e0nh. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu thi\u1ec1n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t-na. C\u0169ng v\u1eady khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 5 Th\u1eafng tr\u00ed (Abhinn\u00e0) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0: 1) Iddhividha (Th\u1ea7n t\u00fac th\u00f4ng), 2) Dibbasota (Thi\u00ean nh\u0129 th\u00f4ng), 3) Dibbacakkhu (Thi\u00ean Nh\u00e3n th\u00f4ng), 4) Paracittavij\u00e0nana (Tha t\u00e2m-th\u00f4ng), 5) Pubbe niv\u00e0s\u00e0nussatin\u00e0nna (T\u00fac m\u1ea1ng th\u00f4ng).<\/p>\n

SI\u00caU TH\u1ebe T\u1ed0C H\u00c0NH T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19b) Catt\u00e0ro pana maggupp\u00e0d\u00e0 ekacittakkhanik\u00e0. Tato param dve t\u00ecni phalacitt\u00e0ni yath\u00e0raham uppajjanti. Tato param param bhavangap\u00e0to. Nirodhasam\u00e0pattik\u00e0le dvikkhattum catutth\u00e0ruppajavanam javati. Tato param nirodham phusati. Vutth\u00e0nak\u00e0le ca an\u00e0g\u00e0miphalam v\u00e0 arahattaphalam v\u00e0 yath\u00e0rahamekav\u00e0ram uppajjitv\u00e0 niruddhe bhavangap\u00e0to va hoti.<\/p>\n

Sabbath\u00e0 pi sam\u00e0pattiv\u00ecthiyam bhavangasote viya v\u00ecthiniyamo natth\u00ecti katv\u00e0 bah\u00f9ni pi labbhant\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

20. Sattakkhattum paritt\u00e0ni magg\u00e0bhinn\u00e0 sakim mat\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Avases\u00e0ni labbhanti javan\u00e0ni bah\u00f9ni pi.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Maggupp\u00e0d\u00e0: Khi \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m sanh kh\u1edfi. Ekacittakkhanik\u00e0: Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na. Nirodhasam\u00e0pattik\u00e0le: Khi ch\u1ee9ng di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh. Phusati: C\u1ea3m x\u00fac. Catutth\u00e0ruppajavanam: V\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Vutth\u00e0nak\u00e0le: Khi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi d\u1eady. Ekav\u00e0ram: M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Bhavangasote: Tr\u00ean d\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n. V\u00ecthiniyamo: S\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh. Sakim: M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Mat\u00e0: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u. Avases\u00e0ni: Nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19b. 4 \u0110\u1ea1o kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u00e1t-na. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn hai hay ba Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. R\u1ed3i ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng H\u1eefu-ph\u1ea7n. Khi ch\u1ee9ng Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn hai l\u1ea7n, r\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9ng Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y kh\u1edfi d\u1eady, ho\u1eb7c A-na-h\u00e0m qu\u1ea3 hay A la h\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. Khi qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t, th\u1eddi ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 d\u1eebng nghi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i.<\/p>\n

20. C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean 7 l\u1ea7n, \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m v\u00e0 Th\u1eafng tr\u00ed t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c, c\u00e1c T\u1ed1c-h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 4 T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na. Ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. M\u1ed9t v\u1ecb A na h\u00e0m hay A la h\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 tu s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u00fd ch\u00ed, t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c cho \u0111\u1ebfn 7 ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m linh \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1i th\u1edf c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng. S\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t th\u00e2y ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb v\u00e0o Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 v\u1ecb n\u00e0y v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nirodhasam\u00e0patti, nirodha l\u00e0 di\u1ec7t. Sam\u00e0patti l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn. S\u00e1ch n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb \u0111ang nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ai l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng trong hai s\u00e1t-na, v\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n (phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9). R\u1ed3i d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh. Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, v\u1ecb n\u00e0y nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5. Khi v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi d\u1eady, s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 A na H\u00e0m qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m n\u1ebfu v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u1ecb A na H\u00e0m; hay l\u00e0 A la h\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m n\u1ebfu v\u1ecb n\u00e0y l\u00e0 A la h\u00e1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u00ecm l\u1ea1i trong Bhavanga.<\/p>\n

PUGGALA-BHEDA: C\u00c1C LO\u1ea0I CH\u00daNG SANH – V\u00d4 NH\u00c2N V\u00c0 NH\u1eca NH\u00c2N CH\u00daNG SANH<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) Duhetuk\u00e0namahetuk\u00e0nan ca panettha kriy\u00e0javan\u00e0ni ceva appan\u00e0javan\u00e0ni ca na labbhanti. Tath\u00e0 n\u00e0nasampayutta-vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni ca sugatiyam. Duggatiyam pana n\u00e0navippayutt\u00e0ni ca mah\u00e0vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni na labbhanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Duhetuk\u00e0nam: Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f3 hai nh\u00e2n. Ahetuk\u00e0nam: Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n. Kriy\u00e0javan\u00e0ni: Duy t\u00e1c t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Appan\u00e0javan\u00e0ni: An ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Na labbhanti: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Sugatiyam: \u1ede Thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa. Duggatiyam: \u1ede \u00c1c th\u00fa.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 21) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c hai nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Duy-t\u00e1c T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 An ch\u1ec9 T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng v\u1eady ch\u00fang sanh \u1edf thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. C\u00f2n ch\u00fang sanh sinh \u1edf \u00e1c th\u00fa th\u1eddi \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– V\u00ec s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u00e1nh n\u00ean ch\u00fang sanh chia l\u00e0m ba lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

a) Ch\u00fang sanh h\u1ea1 t\u00e1nh: T\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1ecb tham, s\u00e2n, si chi ph\u1ed1i trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang y\u1ebfu \u1edbt nh\u01b0 Suy-\u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 D\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

b) Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ngu si, \u0111i\u1ebfc v\u00e0 sinh ra m\u00f9. T\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu \u1edbt v\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n (kusala hetu) r\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu chi ph\u1ed1i, y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 Suy-\u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Di-th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. Hai h\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ahetuka (v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n ch\u00fang sanh) v\u00ec D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

c) Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f3 v\u00f4 tham v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 si \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Duhekuta (nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n ch\u00fang sanh), v\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n chi ph\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 si. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 si trong Di th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. H\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Jh\u00e0na (Thi\u1ec1n)<\/p>\n

TAM NH\u00c2N CH\u00daNG SANH<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22) Tihetukesu ca kh\u00ecn\u00e0sav\u00e0nam kusal\u00e0kusalajavan\u00e0ni ca na labbhanti, tath\u00e0 sekkha-puthujjan\u00e0nam kriy\u00e0javan\u00e0ni. Ditthigatasampayuttavicikicch\u00e0javan\u00e0ni ca sekkh\u00e0nam. An\u00e0g\u00e0mipuggal\u00e0nam pana patighajavan\u00e0ni ca na labbhanti. Lokuttarajavan\u00e0ni ca yath\u00e0raham ariy\u00e0nameva samuppajjant\u00ec ti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tihetukesu: V\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f3 ba nh\u00e2n. Kh\u00ecn\u00e0sav\u00e0nam: \u0110\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c. Sekkha: H\u1ea1ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc. An\u00e0g\u00e0mipuggal\u00e0nam: C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng sanh ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 B\u1ea5t lai. Patigha: S\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 22) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb l\u1eadu ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng ba nh\u00e2n ch\u00fang sanh, thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh ph\u00e0m phu v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc, Duy t\u00e1c t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc, t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn hay t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng A-na-h\u00e0m, hai t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Si\u00eau th\u1ebf T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m s\u1ebd t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u1edf qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 si chi ph\u1ed1i, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ba nh\u00e2n ch\u00fang sanh. S\u1edf d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00ec t\u00e2m d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c n\u00e0y c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi ba thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u00f3 nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Duy t\u00e1c hay An-ch\u1ec9 t\u00e2m. D\u1ea7u ch\u00fang sinh ra l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 T\u1ecbnh quang D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed (v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 T\u1ecbnh quang Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed trong \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc). N\u1ebfu sinh ra l\u00e0m th\u00fa v\u1eadt hay h\u1ea1ng ch\u00fang sanh th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 T\u1ecbnh quang D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) Asekkh\u00e0nam catucatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa sekkh\u00e0namuddise, Chapann\u00e0s\u00e0vases\u00e0nam catupann\u00e0sa sambhav\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Uddise: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. Catucatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa: 44. Chapann\u00e0sa: 56. Avases\u00e0nam: C\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Catupann\u00e0sa: 54. Sambhav\u00e0: C\u00f3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 23) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 44 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 56 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 54 t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

a) V\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 45 t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n 12 + D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n 8 + S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n 5 + V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n 4 + \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m 4 + \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c 9 v\u00e0 ba qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u 3.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1eeb 45 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 89 – 54: 44 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

b) C\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 33 t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

* Duy t\u00e1c t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m (Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m 1 + D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m 8 + \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m 9): 18.<\/p>\n

* B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn 4 + B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi nghi 1 + A la h\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 1 + \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c 9: 15<\/p>\n

Tr\u1eeb 33 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 89 – 33: 56 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

c) C\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u00e0m phu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 35 t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n

Duy t\u00e1c t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh 18 + Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m 8 + \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c 9.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1eeb 35 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb ph\u00e0m phu c\u00f3 89 – 35: 54 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C \u0110\u1ecaA GI\u1edaI: BH\u00d9MI<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarabh\u00f9miyam panet\u00e0ni sabb\u00e0ni v\u00ecthicitt\u00e0ni yath\u00e0rahamupalabbhanti, r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarabh\u00f9miyam patighajavanatad\u00e0rammanavajjit\u00e0ni. Ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarabh\u00f9miyam pathamamaggar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarahasanahe thim\u00e0ruppavajjit\u00e0ni ca labbhanti. Sabbatth\u00e0pi ca t\u1ea1m-t\u1ea1m-pas\u00e0darahit\u00e0nam tam-tam-dv\u00e0rikav\u00ecthicitt\u00e0ni na labbhanteva. Asannasatt\u00e0nam pana sabbath\u00e0 pi cittappavatti natthev\u00e0 ti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Upalabbhanti: C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Hetthhim\u00e0: C\u00e1c t\u00e2m \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi. Pas\u00e0darahit\u00e0nam: Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ecbnh s\u1eafc c\u0103n. Asannasatt\u00e0nam: C\u00e1c ch\u00fang sanh v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng. Cittappavatti: S\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 24) \u1ede tr\u00ean D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Tr\u00ean S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba, tr\u1eeb t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m l\u00e0m ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba, \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m \u1edf s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, Ti\u1ebfu sanh t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, khi n\u00e0o thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t c\u0103n m\u00f4n n\u00e0o, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi qua c\u0103n m\u00f4n \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng, trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) As\u00ecti v\u00ecthicitt\u00e0ni k\u00e0me r\u00f9pe yath\u00e0raham, Catusatthi tath\u00e0-r\u00f9pe dvecatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa labbhare.<\/p>\n

26) Iccevam chadv\u00e0rikacittappavatti yath\u00e0sambhavam bhavangantarit\u00e0 y\u00e0vat\u00e0yukamabbocchinnam pavattat\u00ecti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– As\u00ecti: 8. Catusatthi:64. Dvecatt\u00e0l\u00ecsa: 42. Labbhare: Kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Iccevam: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Yath\u00e0sambhavam: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t. Bhavangantarit\u00e0: Sau khi ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o trong h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n: Y\u00e0vat\u00e0yukam: Cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ng chung. Abbocchinnam: Kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Pavattati: Di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) \u1ede D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, 8 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi tr\u00ean l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh. \u1ede s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 64, v\u00e0 \u1edf v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi 42 t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

26) Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ngang qua 6 c\u0103n m\u00f4n t\u00f9y theo ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, sau khi ch\u00ecm trong h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– 1) Tr\u1eeb 9 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 8 t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

2) Tr\u1eeb 16 t\u00e2m (S\u00e2n t\u00e2m 2 + \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ee5c th\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean 8 + T\u1ef7, thi\u1ec7t, th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c 6), 64 t\u00e2m c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (8 – 16) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean \u1edf s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

3) 42 t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u1edfi l\u00ean \u1edf v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n

B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m (tr\u1eeb 2 s\u00e2m t\u00e2m) 10 + \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m 1 + D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n duy t\u00e1c t\u00e2m 16 + V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m 8 + Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m (tr\u1eeb \u0110\u1ea1o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t) 7 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

T\u00d3M T\u1eaeT C\u00c1C LO\u1ea0I L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH<\/h4>\n

I. Qua 5 c\u0103n m\u00f4n: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

1. At\u00ecta Bhavanga, 2) Bhavanga calana, 3) Bhavangupaccheda, 4) Pancadv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana, 5) Cakkhuvinn\u00e0na, 6) Sampaticchana, 7) Sant\u00ecrana, 8) Votthapana, 9 – 15) Javana, 16 – 17) Tad\u00e0lambana.<\/p>\n

(H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n rung \u0111\u1ed9ng, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i, 5 m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, Nh\u00e3n th\u1ee9c, Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecd t\u00e2m, Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean).<\/p>\n

II. – Qua \u00fd m\u00f4n: \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/p>\n

1) Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana, 2 – 8) Javana. 9 – 10) Tad\u00e0lambana.<\/p>\n

(\u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, \u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

III. C\u00e1c S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

1) Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana, 2) Parikamma, 3) Upac\u00e0ra, 4) Anuloma, 5) Gotrabh\u00f9, 6) Appan\u00e0<\/p>\n

(\u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, c\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9, chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh, an ch\u1ec9).<\/p>\n

IV. – C\u00e1c v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

1) Manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana, 2) Parikamma, 3) Upac\u00e0ra, 4) Anuloma, 5) Gotrabh\u00f9, 6) \u00c0k\u00e0sananc\u00e0yatana.<\/p>\n

(\u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m, Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, C\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, Thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9, Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh, Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9).<\/p>\n

V. – Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m<\/p>\n

1) Parikamma, 2) Upac\u00e0ra, 3) Anuloma, 4) Gotrabh\u00f9, 5) Magga, 6 – 7) Phala.<\/p>\n

(Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, C\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, Thu\u1eadn th\u1ee9, Chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e1nh, \u0110\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, Qu\u1ea3 t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V – V\u012bthimutta (Ra Ngo\u00e0i L\u1ed9 Tr\u00ecnh) C\u00e1c \u0110\u1ec1 T\u00e0i \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e0n \u0110\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1) V\u00ecthicittavasenevam pavattiyamud\u00ecrito, Pavattisangaho n\u00e0ma sandhiyan d\u00e0ni vuccati.<\/p>\n

2) Catasso bh\u00f9miyo, catubbidh\u00e0 patisandhi, catt\u00e0ri kamm\u00e0ni, catudh\u00e0 maranuppatti ceti v\u00ecthimuttasangahe catt\u00e0ri catukk\u00e0ni veditabb\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pavattiyamud\u00ecrito: \u0110\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. V\u00ecthicittavasena: Theo l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Sandhiyam: S\u1ef1 n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n. D\u00e0ni: Nay. Cuccati: N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. Maranuppatti: Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebft. V\u00ecthimuttasangaho: S\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ra ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh. Veditabb\u00e0ni: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 1) \u0110\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m qua l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh. Nay n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m l\u00fac t\u00e1i sanh.<\/p>\n

2) Trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tho\u00e1t ngo\u00e0i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh, 4 lo\u1ea1i 4 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 4 \u0111\u1ecba, 4 s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh, 4 nghi\u1ec7p, 4 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– S\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m c\u00f3 hai: 1) Ngang qua l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh (V\u00ecthicitta) nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc. 2) Khi t\u00e1i sanh, ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi nay qua \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nay n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed0N \u0110\u1ecaA<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) Tattha ap\u00e3yabh\u00f9mi, k\u00e3masugatibh\u00f9mi, r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarabh\u00f9mi, ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarabh\u00f9mi ceti catasso bh\u00f9miyo n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

4) T\u00e0su, nirayo, tiracch\u00e0nayoni, pettivisayo, asurak\u00e0yo ceti ap\u00e0yabh\u00f9mi catubbidh\u00e0 hoti.<\/p>\n

5) Manuss\u00e0 c\u00e0tummah\u00e0r\u00e0jik\u00e0, t\u00e0vatins\u00e0, tusit\u00e0, nimm\u00e0narati, paranimmitavasavatt\u00ec ceti k\u00e0masugatibh\u00f9mi sattavidh\u00e0 hoti.<\/p>\n

S\u00e0 pan\u00e0yam, ek\u00e0dasavidh\u00e0 pi k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarabh\u00f9micceva sankhamgacchati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ap\u00e0yabh\u00f9ni: \u00c1c th\u00fa \u0111\u1ecba. K\u00e0masugatibh\u00f9mi: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa \u0111\u1ecba. Niraya: \u0110\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c. Tiricch\u00e0nayoni: S\u00fac sanh. Pettivisaya: Ng\u1ea1 qu\u1ef7. Asurak\u00e0ya: A-tu-la. C\u00e0tummah\u00e0r\u00e0jik\u00e0: 4 thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00e0vatims\u00e0: Tam th\u1eadp tam thi\u00ean. Y\u00e0m\u00e0: D\u1ea1 ma thi\u00ean. Tusit\u00e0: \u0110\u00e2u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0 thi\u00ean. Nimm\u00e0narati: H\u00f3a l\u1ea1c thi\u00ean. Paranimmitavasavatt\u00ec: Tha h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i thi\u00ean. Sattavidh\u00e0: C\u00f3 7 lo\u1ea1i. Sankham gacchanti: T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 3) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y 4 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0 \u00c1c th\u00fa \u0111\u1ecba, D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba, V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n

4) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \u00e1c th\u00fa \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y c\u00f3 4 = \u0110\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, s\u00fac sanh, ng\u00e3 qu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 A-tu-la.<\/p>\n

5) D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean c\u00f3 7 = Lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, T\u1ee9 thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng, Tam th\u1eadp tam thi\u00ean, D\u1ea1 ma thi\u00ean, \u0110\u00e2u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e0 thi\u00ean, H\u00f3a l\u1ea1c thi\u00ean, Tha h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 11 c\u00f5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Ap\u00e0ya: apa + aya: Ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Niraya: Nis + aya (t\u1eeb ch\u1eef \u00ec): \u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

Tiracch\u00e0na: Tiro: Ngang Acch\u00e0na: \u0110i. C\u00e1c s\u00fac sanh \u0111i ngang, b\u00f2 xu\u1ed1ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i th\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Peta: Pa + i + ta: Ch\u00fang sanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ma qu\u1ef7 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1eafc th\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi ri\u00eang. Ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng trong r\u1eebng hay t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ed7 nh\u1edbp nh\u00faa.<\/p>\n

Asura ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hoan l\u1ea1c hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00f3i s\u00e1ng. Nh\u1eefng A-tu-la n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i A-tu-la th\u00f9 ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Tam th\u1eadp t\u00e2m thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Manussa: Lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ma-no Ussannam etesam, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ch\u1eef Ph\u1ea1m Manusya ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a Manu, lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u0103n minh sau v\u1ecb tu s\u0129 Manu.<\/p>\n

C\u00e0tummah\u00e0r\u00e0jika: T\u1ee9 thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f5i th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c c\u00f5i ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

T\u00e0vatimsa: Tam th\u1eadp tam thi\u00ean Sakka, \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch \u1edf t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. S\u1edf d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 theo t\u00edch truy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 33 v\u1ecb, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Magha \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Y\u00e0ma: Yam ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb. Di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb kh\u1ed5 \u0111au n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Y\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

Tusita: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb s\u1ed1ng sung s\u01b0\u1edbng. Theo t\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n, v\u1ecb B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 sinh ra l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

Nimm\u00e0narati: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb s\u1ed1ng hoan l\u1ea1c trong nh\u1eefng l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n

Paranimmitavasavatti: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0111em d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00e1c v\u1eadt do c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI THI\u00caN V\u00c0 V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI THI\u00caN<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) Brahamap\u00e0risajj\u00e0, Brahmapurohit\u00e0, Mah\u00e0brahm\u00e0 ceti pathamajjh\u00e0nabh\u00f9mi, Paritt\u00e0bh\u00e0, Appam\u00e0n\u00e0bh\u00e0, \u00c0bhassar\u00e0 ceti dutiyajjh\u00e0nabh\u00f9mi. Parittasubh\u00e0, Appam\u00e0nasubh\u00e0, Subhakinh\u00e0 ceti tatiyajjh\u00e0nabh\u00f9mi. Vehapphal\u00e0, Asannasatt\u00e0, Suddh\u00e0v\u00e0s\u00e0 ceti catutthajjh\u00e0nabh\u00f9m\u00ec ti r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarabh\u00f9mi solasavidh\u00e0 hoti. Avih\u00e0, Atapp\u00e0, Sudass\u00e0, Sudass\u00ec, Akanitth\u00e0 ceti suddh\u00e0v\u00e0sa-bh\u00f9mi pancavidh\u00e0 hoti.<\/p>\n

7) \u00c0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanabh\u00f9mi, Vinn\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatanabh\u00f9mi, \u00c0kinc\u00e0nn\u00e0yatanabh\u00f9mi, Nevasann\u00e0n\u00e0sann\u00e0yatanabh\u00f9mi ceti ar\u00f9pabh\u00f9mi catubbidh\u00e0 hoti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Brahmap\u00e0risajj\u00e0: Ph\u1ea1m ch\u00fang thi\u00ean. Brahmapurohit\u00e0: Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean. Mah\u00e0brahm\u00e0: \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean. Paritt\u00e0bh\u00e0: Thi\u1ec3u quang thi\u00ean. Appam\u00e0n\u00e0bh\u00e0: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quang thi\u1ec7n. \u00c0bhassar\u00e0: Quang \u00e2m thi\u00ean. Parittasubh\u00e0: Thi\u1ec3u t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. Appaman\u00e0subh\u00e0: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. Subhakinh\u00e0: Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. Vehapphal\u00e0: Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean. Asannasatt\u00e0: V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean. Suddh\u00e0v\u00e0s\u00e0: Ph\u01b0\u1edbc sanh thi\u00ean. Solasavidh\u00e0: 16 lo\u1ea1i. Avih\u00e0: V\u00f4 phi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean. Atapp\u00e0: V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec7t thi\u00ean. Sudass\u00e0: Thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n thi\u00ean. Sudass\u00ec: Thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn thi\u00ean. Akanitth\u00e0: S\u1eafc c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 6) \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean c\u00f3 ba: Ph\u1ea1m ch\u00fang thi\u00ean. Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean c\u00f3 ba: Thi\u1ec3u quang thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quang thi\u00ean, Quang \u00e2m thi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean c\u00f3 ba: Thi\u1ec3u t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean, Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean c\u00f3 ba: Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean, Ph\u01b0\u1edbc sanh thi\u00ean. Ph\u01b0\u1edbc sanh thi\u00ean chi l\u00e0m 5: V\u00f4 phi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec7t thi\u00ean, Thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n thi\u00ean, Thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn thi\u00ean v\u00e0 S\u1eafc c\u1ee9u k\u00ednh thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

7) V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean c\u00f3 4: Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 thi\u00ean, Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00f3 ba Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean, ch\u1ed7 sanh tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n. C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m ch\u00fang thi\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb sanh ra gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean. C\u1ea3nh th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1, nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean. C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi v\u1eady v\u00ec c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n; h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) Puthujjan\u00e0 na labbhanti suddh\u00e0v\u00e0sesu sabbath\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Sot\u00e0pann\u00e0 ca sakad\u00e0g\u00e0mino c\u00e0pi puggal\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Ariy\u00e0 nopalabbhanti asann\u00e0p\u00e0yabh\u00f9misu.<\/p>\n

Sesatth\u00e0nesu labbhanti ary\u00e0nariy\u00e0 pi ca.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Puthujjan\u00e0: Ph\u00e0m phu. Suddh\u00e0v\u00e0sesu: \u1ede Ph\u01b0\u1edbc sanh thi\u00ean. Ariy\u00e0: C\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh. Anariy\u00e0: C\u00e1c b\u1eadc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 8) \u1ede Ph\u01b0\u1edbc sanh thi\u00ean, c\u00e1c ph\u00e0m phu, c\u00e1c b\u1eadc D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u, Nh\u1ee9t Lai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sanh trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sanh trong V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u00e1c th\u00fa. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Th\u00e1nh sanh trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u1ede Ph\u01b0\u1edbc sanh thi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-na-h\u00e0m v\u00e0 A la h\u00e1n sanh. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-na-h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 A la h\u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng m\u00e3n.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C LO\u1ea0I KI\u1ebeT SANH TH\u1ee8C \u1ede \u00c1C TH\u00da<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) Ap\u00e0yapatisandhi, k\u00e0masugatipatisandhi, r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarapatisandhi, ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarapatisandhi ceti catubbidh\u00e0 patisandhi n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

10) Tattha akusalavip\u00e0kopekkh\u00e0sahagatasant\u00ecranam ap\u00e0yabh\u00f9miyam okkantikkhane patisandhi, hutv\u00e0, tato param bhavangam, pariyos\u00e0necavanam ca hutv\u00e0 vocchijjati. Ayamek\u00e0p\u00e0yapatisandhi n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Okkantikkhane: Khi th\u00e1c sanh v\u00e0o. Pariyos\u00e0ne: Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 9) Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 4: \u00c1c th\u00fa ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 V\u00f4 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

10) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 l\u00e0m Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c khi th\u00e1c sanh v\u00e0o \u00c1c th\u00fa, r\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh T\u1eed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u00c1c th\u00fa.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c \u1edf \u00c1c th\u00fa l\u00e0 Suy \u0111\u1ea1c t\u00e2m c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

KI\u1ebeT SANH TH\u1ee8C \u1ede D\u1ee4C GI\u1edaI<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11) Kusalavip\u00e0kopekkh\u00e0sahagatasant\u00ecranam pana k\u00e0masugatiyam manuss\u00e0nam ceva jaccandh\u00e0d\u00ecnam, bhummanissit\u00e0nam ca vinip\u00e0tikasur\u00e0nam patisandhi-bhavanga-cuti-vasena pavattati. Mah\u00e0vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni pana attha sabbatth\u00e0 pi k\u00e0masugatiyam patisandhi-bhavanga-cuti-vasena pavattanti. Im\u00e0 nava k\u00e0masugatipatisandhiyo n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

S\u00e0 pan\u00e0yam dasavidh\u00e0 pi k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarapatisandhicceva sankham gacchati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Jaccandh\u00e0d\u00ecnam: Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh ra \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f9 v.v… Bhummanissit\u00e0nam: B\u1ecb h\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi. Vinip\u00e0tik\u00e0sur\u00e0nam: Nh\u1eefng A-tu-la b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda l\u1ea1c. Dasavidh\u00e0: C\u00f3 10 lo\u1ea1i. Sankham gacchati: T\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 11) Thi\u1ec7n D\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c Suy-\u0111\u1ea1c c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi x\u1ea3 l\u00e0m ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f9 v,v… v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng A-tu-la b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda l\u1ea1c. C\u00f2n 8 \u0110\u1ea1i D\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c trong m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m cho nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh sanh \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean. 9 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c \u1ea5y h\u1ecdp th\u00e0nh Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

S\u1ed0 L\u01af\u1ee2NG TU\u1ed4I TH\u1ecc<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) Tesu catunnam ap\u00e0y\u00e0nam, manuss\u00e0nam vinip\u00e0tik\u00e0sur\u00e0nam ca \u00e0yuppam\u00e0naganan\u00e0ya niyamo natthi. C\u00e0tummah\u00e0r\u00e0jik\u00e0nam pana dev\u00e0nan dibb\u00e0ni pancavassasat\u00e0ni \u00e0yuppam\u00e0nam. Manussaganan\u00e0ya navutivassasatasahassappam\u00e0nam hoti. Tato cattuggunam t\u00e0vatims\u00e0nam. Tato catuggunam y\u00e0m\u00e0nam. Tato catuggunam tusitanam. Tato catuggunam nimm\u00e0narat\u00ecnam. Tato catuggunam tusitanam. Tato catuggunam nimm\u00e0narat\u00ecnam. Tato catuggunam paranimmitavasavit\u00ecnam dev\u00e0nam ay\u00f9ppam\u00e0nam.<\/p>\n

13. Navasatam cekav\u00ecsa vass\u00e0nam kotiyo tath\u00e0,<\/p>\n

Vassasatasahass\u00e0ni satthi ca vasavattisu.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– \u00c0yuppam\u00e0naganana: S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd. Yiyamo natthi: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Dibb\u00e0ni pancavassasat\u00e0ni: 500 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1eddi. Navutivassasatasahassappam\u00e0nam: S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 9.000.000 n\u0103m. Catuggunam: 4 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Navasatam: 900. Ekav\u00ecsa: 21. Koti: 10 tri\u1ec7u (10.000.000).<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 12) Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh sanh \u1edf 4 c\u00f5i \u00c1c th\u00fa, c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c A-tu-la b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecda l\u1ea1c. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9-thi\u00ean-v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 500 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1eddi. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n theo tu\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 9.000.000 n\u0103m. Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a Tam th\u1eadp tam thi\u00ean l\u00e0 4 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, c\u1ee7a D\u1ea1 ma thi\u00ean l\u00e0 4 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e2u su\u1ea5t thi\u00ean l\u00e0 4 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, c\u1ee7a H\u00f3a l\u1ea1c thi\u00ean l\u00e0 4 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Tha h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i thi\u00ean l\u00e0 4 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

13. Th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Tha h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i thi\u00ean l\u00e0 9.216.000.000 tu\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

KI\u1ebeT SANH TH\u1ee8C \u1ede S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) Pathamajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kam pathamajjh\u00e0nabh\u00f9miyam patisandhi-bhavanga-cutivasena pavattati, tath\u00e0 dutiyajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kam, tatiyajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kanca, dutiyajjh\u00e0nabh\u00f9miyam, catutthajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kam tatiyajjh\u00e0nabh\u00f9miyam, pancamajjh\u00e0navip\u00e0kam catutthajjh\u00e0na-bh\u00f9miyam. Asannasatt\u00e0nam pana r\u00f9pameva patisandhi hoti, tath\u00e0 tato param pavattiyam cavanak\u00e0le ca r\u00f9pameva pavattitv\u00e0 nirujjhati. Im\u00e0 cha r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarapatisandhiyo n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Tato param: Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3. Cavanak\u00e0le: Khi l\u00e2m chung.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 14) S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi, ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m \u1edf \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m \u1edf \u0111\u1ec7 tam thi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m \u1edf \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. Ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sanh \u1edf V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean, Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng v\u1eady trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khi l\u00e2m chung, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 6 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo kinh t\u1ea1ng n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4, nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tam thi\u1ec1n h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

TH\u1ecc M\u1ea0NG TR\u00caN S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI THI\u00caN<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) Tesu brahmap\u00e0risajj\u00e0nam dev\u00e0nam kappassa tatiyo bh\u00e0go \u00e0yuppam\u00e0nam, brahmapurohit\u00e0nam upaddhakappo, mah\u00e0brahm\u00e0nam eko kappo, paritt\u00e0bh\u00e0nam dve kapp\u00e0ni, appam\u00e0n\u00e0bh\u00e0nam catt\u00e0ri kapp\u00e0ni, \u00e0bhassar\u00e0nam attha kapp\u00e0ni, parittasubh\u00e0nam solasa kapp\u00e0ni, appam\u00e0nasubh\u00e0nam dvattimsaka pp\u00e0ni, subhakinh\u00e0nam catusatthi kapp\u00e0ni, vehapphal\u00e0nam asannasatt\u00e0nanca panca kappasat\u00e0ni, avih\u00e0nam kappasahass\u00e0ni, atapp\u00e0nam vehapphal\u00e0nam dve kappasahass\u00e0ni, sudass\u00e0nam catt\u00e0ri kappasahass\u00e0ni, sudass\u00ecnam attha kappasahass\u00e0ni, akanitth\u00e0nam solasa kappasahass\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Kappa: Ki\u1ebfp. Tatiyo bh\u00e0go: M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba. Upaddhakappa: M\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ki\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 15) \u1ede t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m ch\u00fang thi\u00ean l\u00e0 1\/3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean l\u00e0 1\/2 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec7n quang thi\u00ean l\u00e0 2 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quang thi\u00ean l\u00e0 4 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a Quang \u00c2m thi\u00ean l\u00e0 8 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec7n t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean l\u00e0 16 ki\u1ebfp, c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean l\u00e0 32 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean l\u00e0 64 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean v\u00e0 V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean l\u00e0 500 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 phi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean l\u00e0 1.000 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec7t thi\u00ean l\u00e0 2.000 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n thi\u00ean l\u00e0 4.000 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn thi\u00ean l\u00e0 8.000 ki\u1ebfp; c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc c\u1ee9u k\u00ednh thi\u00ean l\u00e0 16.000 ki\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Kappa: \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp. C\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp: Antarakappa (Trung ki\u1ebfp), Asankheyyakappa (V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp) v\u00e0 Mah\u00e0kappa (\u0110\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp). Antarakappa: Trung-ki\u1ebfp l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian tu\u1ed5i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u1eeb 10 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 tu\u1ed5i r\u1ed3i tr\u1ee5t xu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 10 tu\u1ed5i. 20 trung ki\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfp (asankheyyakappa), 4 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 ki\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp (mah\u00e0kappa). M\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u0103ng cho h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ed9t c\u1ea3i trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, cao v\u00e0 d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t do tu\u1ea7n, c\u1ee9 100 n\u0103m l\u00e0 qu\u0103ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9t c\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

KI\u1ebeT SANH TH\u1ee8C V\u00c0 TU\u1ed4I TH\u1ecc \u1ede V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI – TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) Patham\u00e0rupp\u00e0divip\u00e0k\u00e0ni patham\u00e0rupp\u00e0dibh\u00f9misu yath\u00e0kkamam patisandhi-bhavanga-cutivasena pavattati Im\u00e0 catasso \u00e0ruppapatisandhiyo n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

17) Tesu pana \u00e0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatan\u00f9pag\u00e0nam dev\u00e0nam v\u00ecsati kappasahass\u00e0ni \u00e0yuppam\u00e0nam vinn\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatan\u00f9pag\u00e0nam dev\u00e0nam catt\u00e0lisa kappasahass\u00e0ni, \u00e3kincann\u00e0yatan\u00f9pag\u00e0nam dev\u00e0nam satthi kappasahass\u00e0ni, nevasann\u00e0n\u00e0sann\u00e0yatan\u0169pag\u00e0nam dev\u00e0nam catur\u00e0s\u00ecti kappasahass\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

18) Patisandhi bhavangan ca tath\u00e0 cavanam\u00e0nasam,<\/p>\n

Ekameva tatheveka-visayam cekaj\u00e0tiyam.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Patham\u00e0rupp\u00e0divip\u00e0k\u00e0ni: V\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v.v… Yath\u00e0kkamam: T\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u00c0k\u00e0s\u00e0nanc\u00e0yatan\u00f9pag\u00e0nam: \u0110\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9. Cavanam\u00e0nasam: T\u1eed t\u00e2m. Ekameva tatheva: Gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Ekavisayam: M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ekaj\u00e0tiyam: Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 16) Nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ee9t thi\u1ec1n v.v… \u1edf v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf v\u00f4 s\u1eafc s\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v.v… t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 4 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

17) \u1ede nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u1ea5y, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean \u1edf kh\u00f4ng V\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 20 ng\u00e0n ki\u1ebfp, c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean \u1edf Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 40 ng\u00e0n ki\u1ebfp, c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 60 ng\u00e0n ki\u1ebfp, c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0 Thi\u00ean \u1edf Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 84 ng\u00e0n ki\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n

18) Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed0N LO\u1ea0I NGHI\u1ec6P<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) Janakamupatthambhakamupap\u00eclakamupagh\u00e0takam ceti kiccavasena, garukam\u00e0sannam\u00e0cinnam katatt\u00e0kammam ceti p\u00e0kad\u00e0napariy\u00e0yena, ditthadhammavedan\u00ecyam upapajjavedan\u00ecyam apar\u00e0-pariyavedan\u00ecyam ahosikammam ceti p\u00e0kak\u00e0lavasena catt\u00e0ri kamm\u00e0ni n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

Tath\u00e0 akusalam, k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusalam, r\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalam, ar\u00f9p\u00e0-vacarakusalam c\u00e0ti p\u00e0katth\u00e0navasena.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Janaka: Sanh nghi\u1ec7p. Upatthambhaka: Tr\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p. Upap\u00eclaka: Ch\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p. Upagh\u00e0taka: \u0110o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p. Kicca: C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c. Garuka: C\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p. \u00c0sanna: C\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p. \u00c0cinna: T\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p. Katatt\u00e0: T\u00edch l\u0169y nghi\u1ec7p. P\u00e0kad\u00e0napari-y\u00e0yena: Theo s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o. Ditthadhammavedanan\u00ecya: Hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p. Upapajjavedan\u00ecya: Sanh b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p. Apar\u00e0pariyavedan\u00ecya: H\u1eadu b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p. Ahosikamma: V\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p. P\u00e0kak\u00e0lavasena: Theo th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o. P\u00e0katth\u00e0navasena: Theo v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 19) V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p: sanh nghi\u1ec7p, tr\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p: c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p, t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 t\u00edch l\u0169y nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p: hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, sanh b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1eadu b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n v\u1ecb tr\u00ed qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p: b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p, s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Kamma ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c. N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c h\u01a1n, kamma l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c c\u1ed1 \u00fd. Tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A la h\u00e1n, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kamma.<\/p>\n

Kamma l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, vip\u00e0ka l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 hay ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p. Theo Abhidhamma, kamma bao tr\u00f9m 12 B\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n T\u00e2m, 8 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, 5 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, 4 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m. 8 Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kamma v\u00ec nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1nh c\u00e1ch \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u0103n r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a kamma, khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n sanh t\u1eed. T\u1ea1i Si\u00eau th\u1ebf t\u00e2m, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (pann\u00e0) chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb \u01b0u th\u1eafng. T\u1ea1i D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi t\u00e2m, T\u01b0 (cetan\u00e0) chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb \u01b0u th\u1eafng. 29 t\u00e2m k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kamma, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o. C\u00f3 23 t\u00e2m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. 5 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 4 t\u00e2m l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Janakakamma (sanh nghi\u1ec7p) l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p chi ph\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 sanh tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi sau. S\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft li\u1ec5u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. Ch\u00ednh t\u00e2m s\u00e1t na cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Theo s\u1edb gi\u1ea3i, Janakakamma l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p sanh ra t\u00e2m u\u1ea9n v\u00e0 s\u1eafc u\u1ea9n khi m\u1edbi th\u1ecd thai. T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 Patisandhi vinn\u00e0na (ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c) b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi Janakakamma n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Upatthambhakakamma (tr\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p) l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfp theo Janakakamma, duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ec7nh chung. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n tr\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, an l\u1ea1c, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n, \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v.v…<\/p>\n

Upap\u00eclakakamma l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p. Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m cho y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a sanh nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh ra v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n sanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn b\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1n, do v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Upagh\u00e0takakamma, \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a sanh nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111ang bay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn cho m\u0169i t\u00ean r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Devadatta. Thi\u1ec7n sanh nghi\u1ec7p khi\u1ebfn Devadatta sanh trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. Nh\u1edd tr\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p Devadatta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac an l\u1ea1c trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i. V\u00ec ch\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u1ec7p, Devadatta b\u1ecb nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 khi b\u1ecb t\u1ea9n xu\u1ea5t ra kh\u1ecfi Gi\u00e1o h\u1ed9i. V\u00ec \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec7p, Devadatta b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

Garukakamma (c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ec7n hay b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y hay \u0111\u1eddi sau. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, th\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p hay th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p. 5 c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 gi\u1ebft cha, gi\u1ebft m\u1eb9, gi\u1ebft A la h\u00e1n, ph\u00e1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p t\u0103ng, l\u00e0m th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u. C\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00c0nantariyakamma (v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p) v\u00ec nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u1eddi sau. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 sau l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p, thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0 Devadatta m\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i sanh v\u00e0o \u00e1c th\u00fa v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p T\u0103ng. Nh\u01b0 vua Aj\u00e0tasattu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng s\u01a1 qu\u1ea3 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 v\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

\u00c0sannakamma (c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p) l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m ra hay nh\u1edb ngh\u0129 khi l\u00e2m chung. Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec chi ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng sau n\u00e0y. Cho n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ec5 nghi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng c\u00f5i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh l\u00ean thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa n\u1ebfu khi ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y nh\u1edb hay l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn hay sanh v\u00e0o \u00e1c th\u00fa n\u1ebfu khi ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0m hay nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu Mallika, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a vua Kosala s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ngay th\u1eb3ng t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec khi l\u00e2m chung, nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng 7 ng\u00e0y \u0111au kh\u1ed5 trong \u00e1c th\u00fa.<\/p>\n

\u00c0cinnakamma (t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p) l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n t\u00e1c th\u00e0nh c\u00e1 t\u00e1nh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cunda, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ec3, ch\u1ebft la h\u00e9t nh\u01b0 con heo, v\u00ec s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ec3, d\u1ea7u s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ch\u00f9a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt. Vua Dutthag\u00e0mi \u1edf T\u00edch-Lan th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1m n\u01b0\u1edbc cho ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0103n c\u01a1m. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn vua hoan h\u1ef7 l\u00fac ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh l\u00ean c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Tusita (\u0110\u00e2u su\u1ea5t).<\/p>\n

Katatt\u00e0kamma (t\u00edch l\u0169y nghi\u1ec7p) ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ba lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m m\u00e0 qu\u00ean li\u1ec1n, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y. Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p cho m\u1ed9t ch\u00fang sanh.<\/p>\n

Ditthidhammavedan\u00ecyakamma: Hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Theo Abhidhamma, ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Javana (t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m), t\u00e2m n\u00e0y t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn 7 S\u00e1t-na. Qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u00e2m y\u1ebfu \u1edbt nh\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd ngay \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh ngay trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u. T\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na y\u1ebfu \u1edbt th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na th\u1ee9 7. Qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1eddi sau th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Upapajjavedan\u00ecya (sanh b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p). Nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1eddi sau th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u. Qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m \u1edf gi\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecd l\u00e3nh b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n. Lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Apar\u00e0pariyavedan\u00ecya h\u1eadu b\u00e1o nghi\u1ec7p. Ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-la-h\u00e1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ahosikamma (V\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7p), nh\u01b0ng khi m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y hay \u0111\u1eddi sau, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ahosikamma.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C NGHI\u1ec6P B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) Tattha akusalam k\u00e0yakammam, vac\u00eckammam, manokammam ceti kammadv\u00e0ravasena tividham hoti.<\/p>\n

21) Katham? P\u00e0n\u00e0tip\u00e0to, adinn\u00e0d\u00e0nam, k\u00e0mesu micch\u00e0c\u00e0ro ceti k\u00e0yavinnattisankh\u00e0te k\u00e0yadv\u00e0re b\u00e0hullavuttito k\u00e0yakammam n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

22) Mus\u00e0v\u00e0do, pisunv\u00e0c\u00e0, pharusav\u00e0c\u00e0, samphappal\u00e0po ceti vac\u00ecvinnattisankh\u00e0te vac\u00ecdv\u00e0re b\u00e0hullavuttito vac\u00eckammam n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

23) Abhijjh\u00e0, by\u00e0p\u00e0do, micch\u00e0ditthi ceti annatar\u00e0pi vinnattiy\u00e0 manasmim yeva b\u00e0hullavuttito manokamman n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

24) Tesu p\u00e0n\u00e0tip\u00e0to, pharusav\u00e0c\u00e0, by\u00e0p\u00e0do ca dosam\u00f9lena j\u00e0yanti. K\u00e0mesu micch\u00e0c\u00e0ro, abhijjh\u00e0 micch\u00e0ditthi ca lobham\u00f9lena. Ses\u00e0ni catt\u00e0ri pi dv\u00echi m\u00f9lehi sambhavanti. Cittupp\u00e0davasena panetam akusalam sabbath\u00e0 pi dv\u00e0dasavidham hoti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– P\u00e0n\u00e0tip\u00e0ta: S\u00e1t sanh. Adinnad\u00e0nam: L\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho. K\u00e0mesu micch\u00e0c\u00e0ra: T\u00e0 d\u00e2m. K\u00e0yavinnattisankh\u00e0te: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n bi\u1ec3u. B\u00e0hullavuttito: Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn. D\u00f9ng ch\u1eef n\u00e0y v\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qua nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda kh\u00e1c. Abhijjh\u00e0: Tham. Vy\u00e0p\u00e0da: S\u00e2n. Micch\u00e0ditthi: T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Annatar\u00e0pi vinnattiy\u00e0: Qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c. J\u00e0yanti: Sinh ra. Ses\u00e0ni: C\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. Cittuppda: T\u00e2m sanh.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 20) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y theo nghi\u1ec7p m\u00f4n: Th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

21) Sao? S\u00e1t sanh, l\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng cho, t\u00e0 d\u00e2m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0m b\u1edfi th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

22) N\u00f3i l\u00e1o, n\u00f3i hai l\u01b0\u1ee1i, \u00e1c ng\u1eef, \u1ef7 ng\u1eef g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn do mi\u1ec7ng th\u1ed1t ra.<\/p>\n

23) Tham, s\u00e2n, c\u00e1c t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p v\u00ec ch\u00fang ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0m b\u1edfi \u00fd.<\/p>\n

24) Trong nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y, s\u00e1t sanh, \u00e1c kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 s\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean do s\u00e2n c\u0103n. T\u00e0 d\u00e2m, tham, t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean do tham c\u0103n. 4 ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi l\u00ean do c\u1ea3 hai c\u0103n. T\u00f9y theo t\u00e2m sanh, b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 12 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– T\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i: Ahetuka ditthi: xem m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt sinh ra kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n g\u00ec. Akiriyaditthi xem thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o. N\u00e0tthika ditthi: xem kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eddi sau.<\/p>\n

C\u00c1C NGHI\u1ec6P THI\u1ec6N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusalampi k\u00e0yadv\u00e0re pavattam manokammam ceti, Kammadv\u00e0ravasena tividham hoti. Tath\u00e0 d\u00e0na-s\u00ecla-bh\u00e0van\u00e0vasena. Cittupp\u00e0davasena panetam atthavidham hoti. D\u00e0na-s\u00ecla-bh\u00e0van\u00e0-apac\u00e0yana-veyy\u00e0vaccapattid\u00e0na-patt\u00e0numodana – dhammasavana-dhammadesan\u00e0-ditthijjukammavasena dasavidham hoti. Tam panetam v\u00ecsatividhampi k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakammamicceva sankham gacchati.<\/p>\n

26. a) R\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalam pana manokammameva, tanca bh\u00e0van\u00e0mayam appan\u00e0pattam, jh\u00e0nangabhedena pancavidham hoti.<\/p>\n

b) Tath\u00e0 ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalam ca manokammam. Tampi bh\u00e0van\u00e0-mayam, appan\u00e0pattam, \u00e0rammanabhedena catubbidham hoti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pavattam: Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1, di\u1ec5n h\u00e0nh. D\u00e0na: B\u1ed1 th\u00ed. S\u00ecla: Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi. Bh\u00e0van\u00e0: Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Apac\u00e0yana: Cung k\u00ednh. Veyy\u00e0vacca: Ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5. Pattid\u00e0na: B\u1ed1 th\u00ed ph\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. Patt\u00e0numodana: T\u00f9y h\u1ef7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. Dhammasavana: Nghe ph\u00e1p. Dhammadesan\u00e0: Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p. Ditthijjukammavasena: Khi\u1ebfn t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh. Sankham gacchati: T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i. Bh\u00e0van\u00e0mayam: Thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Appan\u00e0ttam: thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 an ch\u1ec9 (appan\u00e0) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 25) Thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i theo ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1eeda ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m qua th\u00e2n m\u00f4n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, qua kh\u1ea9u m\u00f4n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p, qua \u00fd m\u00f4n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p. C\u0169ng chia l\u00e0m ba lo\u1ea1i theo: b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh; L\u1ea1i chia l\u00e0m t\u00e1m theo lo\u1ea1i t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. L\u1ea1i c\u0169ng chia l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1eddi lo\u1ea1i theo; B\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, cung k\u00ednh, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u00f9y h\u1ef7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, nghe ph\u00e1p, thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

26. a) C\u00f2n S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p, do thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh sanh, thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 chia th\u00e0nh n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1c c\u00f5i thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

b) C\u0169ng v\u1eady V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p, do thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh sanh, thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i theo \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tu h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p, \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i theo c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, ho\u1eb7c theo c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A NGHI\u1ec6P B\u1ea4T THI\u1ec6N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 27) Etth\u00e0kusalakammamuddhaccarahitam ap\u00e0yabh\u00f9miyam patisandhim janeti. Pavattiyam pana sabbampi dv\u00e0dasavidham satt\u00e0kusalap\u00e0k\u00e0ni sabbath\u00e0 pi k\u00e0maloke r\u00f9paloke ca yath\u00e0raham vipaccati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ettha: \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y. Uddhaccarahitam: Tr\u1eeb tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed. Ap\u00e0yabh\u00f9mi: \u00c1c th\u00fa. Pavattiyam: Trong s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Satt\u00e0kusalap\u00e0k\u00e0ni: B\u1ea3y b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Vipaccati: Sinh qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 27) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, tr\u1eeb tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed, c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i \u00c1c th\u00fa. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t sanh b\u1ea3y b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, trong s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Uddhacca (Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o Patisandhi trong \u00e1c th\u00fa. Tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb trong A La h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m. \u00c1c qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a mg\u01b0\u1eddi hai b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00e0 b\u1ea3y b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A NGHI\u1ec6P THI\u1ec6N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 28) K\u00e0m\u00e0vacarakusalampi k\u00e0masugatiyameva patisandhim janeti. Tath\u00e0 pavattiyam ca mah\u00e0vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni. Ahetukavip\u00e0k\u00e0ni pana attha pi sabbatth\u00e0pi k\u00e0maloke r\u00f9paloke ca yath\u00e0raham vipaccati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– K\u00e0masugati: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 28) Thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi khi\u1ebfn sanh \u1edf thi\u1ec7n th\u00fa c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. C\u0169ng v\u1eady t\u00e1m \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i (l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean) (Tad\u00e0lambana) \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi. T\u00e1m D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i) t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e1m T\u1ecbnh quang D\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1m T\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c (Patisandhi) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1m T\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A HAI V\u00c0 BA THI\u1ec6N NH\u00c2N<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 29) Tatth\u00e0pi tihetukamukkatham kusalam tihetukam patisandhim datv\u00e0 pavatte solasa vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni vipaccati. Tihetukamomakam dvihetukamukkattham ca kusalam dvihetukam patisandhim datv\u00e0 pavatte tihetukarahit\u00e0ni dv\u00e0dasa vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni vipaccati. Dvihetuka momakam pana kusalam ahetukameva patisandhim deti. Pavatte ca ahetukavip\u00e0k\u00e0neva vipaccati.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ukkattha: Th\u00f9 th\u1eafng. Tihetukam: Ba nh\u00e2n. Omaka: Th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 29) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f9 th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ba nh\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ba nh\u00e2n (r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh) v\u00e0 \u1edf trong \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c. Thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi ba thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m h\u01a1n v\u00e0 v\u1edbi hai nh\u00e2n th\u00f9 th\u1eafng h\u01a1n khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 hai nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c, tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ba nh\u00e2n, trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y. Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi hai nh\u00e2n k\u00e9m h\u01a1n khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– C\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f9 th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ba nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n T\u1ecbnh quang thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. Ch\u1eef Ukkattha (U: Cao) (Kas: K\u00e9o) l\u00e0 th\u00f9 th\u1eafng thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1 th\u00ed cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt thanh t\u1ecbnh, v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u01a1n ch\u00e1nh v\u00e0 sau khi cho kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p th\u00f9 th\u1eafng nh\u1ea5t. Omaka: Th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m. Khi b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m v\u1edbi ba thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c \u00e1c v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh v\u00e0 sau l\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn th\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u00e1m v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e1m h\u1eefu nh\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c Tad\u00e0lam bana (\u0110\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean). B\u1ed1n thi\u1ec7n – nghi\u1ec7p y\u1ebfu \u1edbt h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ba thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n (4 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed) v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00f4 tham v\u00f4 s\u00e2n (4 T\u1ecbnh quang t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed) khi\u1ebfn sanh ra c\u00f3 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh s\u00fat k\u00e9m. Qu\u1ea3 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, trong tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi hai lo\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tr\u1eeb 4 lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed. M\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m y\u1ebfu \u1edbt h\u01a1n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n, (kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 si t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed) khi\u1ebfn sanh ra th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c sanh ra \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f9, c\u00e2m hay ngu \u0111\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean trong di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m g\u1ed3m t\u00e1m v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 30) Asankh\u00e0ram sasankh\u00e0ra-vip\u00e0k\u00e0ni na paccati,<\/p>\n

Sasankh\u00e0ramasankh\u00e0ravip\u00e0k\u00e0ni ti kecana.<\/p>\n

Tesam dv\u00e0dasa p\u00e0k\u00e0ni dasattha ca yath\u00e0kkamam,<\/p>\n

Yath\u00e0vutt\u00e0nus\u00e0rena yath\u00e0sambhavamuddise.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Paccati: Sanh ra. Kecana: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn s\u01b0. Dv\u00e0dasa dasattha: M\u01b0\u1eddi hai, m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e1m. Yath\u00e0kkamam: T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c theo. Yath\u00e0vutt\u00e0nus\u00e0rena: Theo nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Yath\u00e0sambhavam: Theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 h\u01b0ng kh\u1edfi. Uddise: C\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 30) M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i (lu\u1eadn s\u01b0) cho r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh ra d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sanh ra d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

Theo (c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y) nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 12, 10 v\u00e0 8 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn s\u01b0 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c Mah\u00e0dhammarakkhita \u1edf ch\u00f9a Moravapi, T\u00edch-Lan. Theo nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n trong hai t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh 12 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 4 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u00e1m v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m. C\u0169ng v\u1eady m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n trong hai t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh 12 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 4 t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u00e1m v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a hai t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a hai t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o sanh 10 d\u1ecb-th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m (2 d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u00e1m v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m). C\u0169ng v\u1eady \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hai t\u00e2m c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed ch\u1ec9 sanh c\u00f3 t\u00e1m v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6N NGHI\u1ec6P<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 31) R\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalam pana pathamajjh\u00e0nam parittam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 brahmap\u00e0risajjesu uppajjati. Tadeva majjhimam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0brahmapurohitesu, pan\u00ectam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 mah\u00e0brahmesu. Tath\u00e0 dutiyajjh\u00e3nam-tatiiajjh\u00e0nanca paritam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 paritt\u00e0bhesu, majjhimam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 appam\u00e0n\u00e0bhesu, pan\u00ectam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 \u00e0bhassaresu. Catutthajjh\u00e0nam parittam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 paritasubhesu, majjhimam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 appam\u00e0nasubhesu, pan\u00ectam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 subhakinhesu. Pancamajjh\u00e0nam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 vehapphalesu, tadeva sann\u00e0vir\u00e0gam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 asannasattesu. An\u00e0g\u00e0mino pana suddh\u00e0v\u00e0sesu uppajjanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Paritta: nh\u1ecf. Brahmap\u00e0ris\u00e0: Ph\u1ea1m ch\u00fang. Brahmapurohita: Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean. Mah\u00e0brahm\u00e0: \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean. Paritt\u00e0bha: Thi\u1ec3u quang thi\u00ean. Appam\u00e0n\u00e0bha: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quang thi\u00ean. \u00c0bhassara: Quang \u00e2m thi\u00ean. Parittasubha: thi\u1ec3u t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. Appam\u00e0nasubha: V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. Subhakinha: Bi\u1ebfn t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. Vehapphala: Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean Sann\u00e0vir\u00e0ga: Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u1edfng. Asannasatta: Lo\u1ea1i v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng. An\u00e0g\u00e0mino: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb b\u1ea5t lai. Suddh\u00e0v\u00e0sa: T\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 31) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, ai ch\u1ee9ng S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Ph\u1ea1m ch\u00fang thi\u00ean; m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trung b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean; m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, ai ch\u1ee9ng Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 Tam thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quang thi\u00ean; m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Quang \u00e2m thi\u00ean. Ai ch\u1ee9ng T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Thi\u1ec3u t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean: m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trung b\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean; m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Bi\u1ebfn T\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean. Ai ch\u1ee9ng Ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean. Ai ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh trong h\u00e0ng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 B\u1ea5t Lai (A-na-h\u00e0m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o T\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– H\u00e0ng D\u1ef1 l\u01b0u (Sot\u00e0panna) v\u00e0 Nh\u1ee9t lai (Sakad\u00e0gami) ch\u1ee9ng \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Qu\u1ea3ng qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tha thi\u1ebft g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u00e0ng B\u1eaft-Lai (An\u00e0g\u00e0mi) ch\u1ee9ng \u0110\u1ec7 ng\u0169 Thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh t\u00edn, t\u1ea5n, ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o Qu\u1ea3ng Qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, l\u1ea5n \u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Avih\u00e0 (v\u00f4 phi\u1ebfn thi\u00ean); c\u00f3 tinh t\u1ea5n (viriya) m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, l\u1ea5n \u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Atappa (V\u00f4 nhi\u1ec7t thi\u00ean), c\u00f3 ni\u1ec7m (s\u00e0ti) m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, l\u1ea5n \u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Sudassa (Thi\u1ec7n Ki\u1ebfn thi\u00ean); c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh (San\u00e0dhi) m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, l\u1ea5n \u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Sudassi (Thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n thi\u00ean); c\u00f3 Hu\u1ec7 (Pann\u00e0) m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, l\u1ea5n \u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00e1nh kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Akanittha (S\u1eafc c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh thi\u00ean).<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u1ecb B\u1ea5t Lai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng sinh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f5i kh\u00e1c (Te pana annattha na nibbattant\u00ecti niyamonatthi S\u1edb gi\u1ea3i).<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n c\u00e1c v\u1ecb A-na-h\u00e0m Sukkha-vipassaka (kh\u1ed5 qu\u00e1n) ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i T\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6N NGHI\u1ec6P V\u00c0 TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 32) Ar\u00f9p\u00e0vacarakusalam ca yath\u00e0kkamam bh\u00e0vetv\u00e0 p\u00e0kam ar\u00f9-pesu uppajjanti.<\/p>\n

33. Ittha mahaggatam punnam yath\u00e0bh\u00f9mi-vavatthitam. Jenetisadisam patisandhippavattiyam.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Mahaggatam: \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m. Vavatthitam: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Sadisam: B\u1eb1ng nhau, gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 32) V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, t\u00f9y theo s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f5i Thi\u1ec1n, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng.<\/p>\n

33. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh Thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00f9y theo c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, anh nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c t\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng nhau khi th\u1ecd sanh v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m n\u00e0o th\u00ec sanh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u1edf c\u1ea3 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

NGUY\u00caN NH\u00c2N C\u1ee6A CH\u1ebeT<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 34) \u00c0yukkhayena, kammakkhayena, ubhayakkhayena, upacchedakkammun\u00e0 ceti catudh\u00e0 maranuppatti n\u00e0ma.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– \u00c0yukkhaya: Tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t. Kammakhaya: Nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec7t. Ubhayakkhaya: C\u1ea3 hai di\u1ec7t. Upacchedakakamma: S\u00e1t nghi\u1ec7p. Maranuppatti: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 34) Ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t, nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec7t, c\u1ea3 hai di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 s\u00e1t nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

IV. NGH\u0128A V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi. Ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n (J\u00ecvitindriya), s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng (usna = Tejodh\u00e0tu) v\u00e0 th\u1ee9c (vinn\u00e0na) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t h\u1eb3n, ch\u1ebft t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sanh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u1eb7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c. Th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0, Nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng khi ch\u1ebft, t\u01b0 (cetan\u00e0) c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong ph\u00fat cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 khi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a sanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y t\u00e0n di\u1ec7t, th\u1eddi m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc th\u00e2n \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9, cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0. C\u1ea3 hai di\u1ec7t, khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra v\u1edbi tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd 80, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ebft l\u00fac 80 tu\u1ed5i do v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a sanh nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ebft do th\u1ecd di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec7t. S\u00e1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a sanh nghi\u1ec7p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ed9t m\u0169i t\u00ean \u0111ang bay r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u0169ng v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ti\u00eau tan sanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi\u1ebfn lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u1ea5y b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. Ba lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 K\u00e0lamarana (ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi), v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ebft th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ak\u00e0lamarana (ch\u1ebft phi th\u1eddi hay b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc k\u1ef3 t\u1eed).<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n sau \u0111\u00e2y: H\u1ebft tim, h\u1ebft d\u1ea7u, h\u1ebft tim v\u00e0 d\u1ea7u, do m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i duy\u00ean kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i. S\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng do 4 duy\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

NGHI\u1ec6P, NGHI\u1ec6P T\u01af\u1edaNG V\u00c0 TH\u00da T\u01af\u1edaNG<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 35) Tath\u00e0 ca marant\u00e0nam pana maranak\u00e0le yath\u00e0raham abhimukh\u00ecbh\u00f9tam bhavantare patisandhijanakam kammam v\u00e0, tamkammakaranak\u00e0le r\u00f9p\u00e0dikamupaladdhapubbamupakaranabh\u00f9tam ca kammanimittam v\u00e0, anantaramuppajjam\u00e0nabhave upalabbhitabbam upabhogabht\u00f9tam ca gatinimittam v\u00e0 kammabalena channam dv\u00e0r\u00e0nam \u00e0nnatarasmim paccuppatth\u00e0ti. Tato param tameva tathopatthitam \u00e0rammanam \u00e0rabbha vipaccam\u00e0nakamm\u00e0nur\u00f9pam parisuddhamupakilittham v\u00e0 upalabbhitabbabhav\u00e0nur\u00f9pam tatthonatam va cittasant\u00e0nam abhinham pavattati b\u00e0hullena. Tameva v\u00e0 pana janakabh\u00f9tam kammamabhinavakaranavasena dv\u00e0rapavattam hoti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Marant\u00e0nam: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e2m chung. Maranak\u00e0le: Trong khi l\u00e2m chung. Yath\u00e0raham: T\u00f9y theo. Abhimukh\u00ecbh\u00f9tam: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t. Bhavantare: Trung h\u1eefu, sau khi ch\u1ebft. Patisandhijanakam: Sanh ra ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c. Kammam: Nghi\u1ec7p. Tam-kamma-karanak\u00e0le: Khi \u0111ang l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y. R\u00f9p\u00e0dikamupaladdhapubbamupakaranabh\u00f9tamca: M\u1ed9t v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 s\u1eafc v.v… Kammanimittam: Nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng. Anantaramuppajjam\u00e0nabhave: Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ti\u1ebfp sau (\u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y). Upalabhitabbam: C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Upabhogabh\u00f9tam: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd. Gatinimittam: Th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng. Kammabalena: Do s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p. Paccupatth\u00e0ti: Hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi. Tato param: Ti\u1ebfp theo. Vipaccam\u00e0nakamm\u00e0nur\u00f9pam: T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c theo nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee5c. Parisuddhamupakilittham: Thanh t\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4. Upalabbihitabbabhav\u00e0nur\u00f9pam: T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c theo \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd. Tatthonatam: Bi\u1ebfn theo, u\u1ed1n theo v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 kia. Cittasant\u00e0nam: S\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Abhinham: Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n. B\u00e0hullena: Nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Kammamabhinavakaranavasena: Do l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 35) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp s\u1eeda ch\u1ebft, trong khi l\u00e2m chung, do s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi ra trong m\u1ed9t trong s\u00e1u c\u1eeda.<\/p>\n

1. M\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e1i sanh trong \u0111\u1eddi sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

2. Hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 s\u1eafc v.v… m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng trong khi l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

3. Hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u1edfi l\u00ean ngay ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1n theo \u0111\u00f3, y c\u1ee9 theo \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, t\u00f9y theo v\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, ho\u1eb7c thanh t\u1ecbnh hay nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4, v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sanh, d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y, h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u1ea5y. Hay c\u00e1i nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfn cho t\u00e1i sanh \u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi c\u0103n m\u00f4n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n hay b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y, nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p (garuka) nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n (Jh\u00e0na) hay gi\u1ebft cha v.v… nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i l\u1ea5n \u00e1p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecdng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u1eadn t\u1eed nghi\u1ec7p (\u00e0sanna kamma). N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, th\u1eddi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n hay b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft, ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong khi l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y. Kammanimitta (nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng) l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, thanh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac, ph\u00e1p g\u00ec m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi l\u00e0m nghi\u1ec7p \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0 con dao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ec3, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, b\u00f4ng hoa \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edn n\u1eef v.v… Gatinimitta (Th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng g\u00ec c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y s\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sanh, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00fang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady thi\u1ec7n ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u1eadn t\u1eed v\u00e0 thay th\u1ebf cho sanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y. Th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, r\u1eebng, n\u00fai, b\u00e0o thai c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, thi\u00ean cung v.v…<\/p>\n

Kamma hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ra t\u1ea1i \u00fd c\u0103n. Kammanimitta hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ra t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trong s\u00e1u c\u0103n, t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Gatinimitta, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u1edbng, hi\u1ec7n kh\u1edfi ra d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c chi\u00eam bao.<\/p>\n

L\u1ed8 TR\u00ccNH T\u00c2M C\u1ee6A M\u1ed8T NG\u01af\u1edcI S\u1eaeP CH\u1ebeT<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 36) Pacc\u00e0sannamaranassa tassa v\u00ecthicitt\u00e0vas\u00e0ne bhavangakkhaye v\u00e0 cavanavasena paccuppannabhavapariyos\u00e0nabh\u00f9tam cuticittam uppajjitv\u00e0 nirujjhati. Tasmim niruddh\u00e0vas\u00e0se tass\u00e0nantarameva tath\u00e0gahitam\u00e0rammanam\u00e0rabbha savatthukam avatthukameva v\u00e0 yath\u00e0raham avijj\u00e0nusayaparikkhitena tanh\u00e0nusayam\u00f9lakena sankh\u00e0rena jan\u00ecyam\u00e0nam sampayuttehi parigayham\u00e0nam sahaj\u00e0t\u00e0namadhitth\u00e0nabh\u00e0vena pubbangamabh\u00f9tam bhavantarapatisandh\u00e0nav\u00e0sena patisandhisankh\u00e0tam m\u00e0nasam uppajjam\u00e0nameva patitth\u00e0ti bhavantare.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pacc\u00e0sannamaranassa: V\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. V\u00ecthicitt\u00e0vas\u00e0ne: Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m. Bhavangakkhaye: Khi h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t. Cavanavasena: Theo t\u1eed t\u00e2m. Paccuppannabhavapariyos\u00e0nabh\u00f9tam: Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Cuticittam: T\u1eed t\u00e2m. Uppajjitv\u00e0: Sau khi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Nirujhati: Bi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7t. Tasmimniruddh\u00e0vas\u00e0ne: \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7t \u1ea5y. Tass\u00e0nantarameva: L\u1eadp t\u1ee9c sau s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb \u1ea5y. Tath\u00e0gahitam\u00e0rammanam\u00e0rabbha: Y c\u1ee9 theo \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn l\u00e3nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Savatthukam avatthukameva: C\u00f3 c\u0103n hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u0103n. Avijj\u00e0nasayaparikkhittena: Bao tr\u00f9m b\u1edfi v\u00f4 minh t\u00f9y mi\u00ean. Tanh\u00e0nusayam\u00f9lakena: C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u00e1i t\u00f9y mi\u00ean. Sampayuttehi parigayham\u00e0nam: C\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng. Sahaj\u00e0t\u00e0nam adhitth\u00e0nabh\u00e0vena pubbangamabh\u00f9tam: L\u00e0m th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m xung phong cho nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. Patisandhisankh\u00e0tam m\u00e0nasam: \u00dd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c. Patitth\u00e0ti: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 36) \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y, ho\u1eb7c khi h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t, t\u1eed t\u00e2m, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t. Khi t\u00e2m \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb, ti\u1ebfp ngay sau t\u00e2m \u1ea5y, y-c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 t\u00e2m (hadaya) l\u00e0m c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, ki\u1ebft sanh t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi l\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp trong \u0111\u1eddi sau, ki\u1ebft sanh t\u00e2m n\u00e0y b\u1ecb th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi v\u00f4 minh t\u00f9y mi\u00ean, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o \u00e1i t\u00f9y mi\u00ean, sanh ra b\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m xung phong cho nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00e2u h\u1eefu, v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nhau<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– L\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t trong ba t\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn, d\u1ea7u cho s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh l\u00ean c\u00f5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec7n nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m Bhavanga (h\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n) d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 rung \u0111\u1ed9ng hai t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m (manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 Javana (t\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3y nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7 v\u00ec y\u1ebfu \u1edbt. V\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00e2m n\u00e0y thi\u1ebfu kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1eabn sanh m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi Abhinavakarana. \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o hay ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc b\u1ea3o, c\u00e2u h\u1eefu v\u1edbi h\u1ef7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng hay kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed, t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1edf duy\u00ean (Tad\u00e0lambana), c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ghi gi\u1eef hay ghi nh\u1eadn trong hai s\u00e1t-na, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh hay kh\u00f4ng, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m (cuticitta), s\u00e1t-na t\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong \u0111\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi T\u1eed t\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt ch\u00ednh T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m m\u1edbi chi ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi sau. Khi t\u1eed t\u00e2m di\u1ec7t, s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft m\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc n\u00e0o do t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 do \u0103n u\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra (cittaja v\u00e0 \u00e0h\u00e0raja r\u00f9pa). Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c s\u1eafc do kh\u00ed n\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o ra (utuja) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi thi th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tro b\u1ee5i.<\/p>\n

Sau khi T\u1eed t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c (Patisandhi) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na bhavanga. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u00dd m\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m (manodv\u00e0r\u00e0vajjana) v\u00e0 n\u0103m t\u00e2m s\u00e1t-na Javana (T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh), ph\u00e1t sanh t\u00e2m \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi (bhava-nik\u00e0nti-Javana). R\u1ed3i t\u00e2m bhavanga kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hadayavatthu (\u0111o\u00e0n t\u00e2m).<\/p>\n

KI\u1ebeT SANH TH\u1ee8C V\u00c0 \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG C\u1ee6A NG\u01af\u1edcI S\u1eaeP CH\u1ebeT<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 37) Maran\u00e0sannav\u00ecthiyam panettha mandapavatt\u00e0ni panceva javan\u00e0ni p\u00e0tikankhitabb\u00e0ni. Tasm\u00e0 yad\u00e0 paccuppann\u00e0rammanesu \u00e0p\u00e0tham\u00e0gatesu dharantesvevamaranam hoti, tad\u00e0 patisandhibhavang\u00e0nampi paccupann\u00e0rammanat\u00e0 labbhat\u00ecti katv\u00e0 k\u00e0m\u00e0vacarapatisandhiy\u00e0 chadv\u00e0ragahitam kammanimittam, gatinimittanca paccuppannamat\u00ect\u00e0rammanam upalabbhati, kamman pana at\u00ectameva. Tam ca manodv\u00e0ragahitam. T\u00e0mi pana sabb\u00e0ni pi parittadhammabh\u00f9t\u00e0nev\u00e0ramman\u00e0ni.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Maran\u00e0sannav\u00ecthiyam: Trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m khi g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft. Mandapavatt\u00e0ni: Di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn md\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch y\u1ebfu \u1edbt. P\u00e0tikankhitabb\u00e0ni: Tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i. Paccuppann\u00e0rammanesu \u00e0p\u00e0th\u00e0m\u00e0gatesu: Trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0o trong khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u0103n. Dharantesu: Nhi\u1ebfp tr\u00ec. Parittadhammabh\u00f9t\u00e0ni \u00e0ramman\u00e0ni: C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u ph\u00e1p (thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi).<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 37) \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, trong l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 n\u0103m T\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh t\u00e2m y\u1ebfu \u1edbt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Do v\u1eady, trong khi l\u00e2m chung, khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0o trong khu v\u1ef1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c th\u1eddi Patisandhi v\u00e0 Bhavanga c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, Kammanimitta (nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng) nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t trong s\u00e1u c\u0103n m\u00f4n hay gatinimitta (Th\u00fa t\u01b0\u1edbng) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng Kamma (nghi\u1ec7p) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1edfi \u00fd m\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u ph\u00e1p (D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi).<\/p>\n

\u1ede S\u1eaeC V\u00c0 V\u00d4 S\u1eaeC GI\u1edaI<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 38) R\u00f9p\u00e0vacarapatisandhiy\u00e0 pana pannattibh\u00f9tam kammanimittamev\u00e0rammanam hoti. Tath\u00e0 \u00e0ruppapatisandhiy\u00e0 ca mahaggatabh\u00f9tam pannattibh\u00f9tam ca kammanimittameva yath\u00e0raham \u00e0rammanam hoti. Asannasatt\u00e0nam j\u00ecvitanavakameva patisandhibh\u00e0vena patitth\u00e0ti. Tasm\u00e0 te r\u00f9papatisandhik\u00e0 n\u00e0ma. Ar\u00f9p\u00e0 ar\u00f9papatisandhik\u00e0. Ses\u00e0 r\u00f9p\u00e0-r\u00f9papatisandhik\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Pannattibh\u00f9tam: L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. J\u00ecvitanavakam: M\u1ea1ng c\u0103n ch\u00edn ph\u1ea7n. Ses\u00e0: Nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 38) Khi t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kammanimitta (nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng) thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. Khi t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0\u1edbng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m (nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean), t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 9 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 J\u00ecvitanavaka. (M\u1ea1ng c\u0103n c\u1eedu ph\u1ea7n). Do v\u1eady s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh sanh \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i thu\u1ed9c s\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Kamma nimittam khi t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 patibh\u00e0ganimitta (quan t\u01b0\u1edbng). J\u00ecvitanavaka g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ecba, th\u1ee7y, h\u1ecfa, phong, s\u1eafc, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, oj\u00e0 (D\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng c\u0103n (J\u00ecvitindriya).<\/p>\n

TO\u00c1T Y\u1ebeU<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 39) \u00c0ruppacutiy\u00e0 honti hetthim\u00e0ruppavajjit\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Param\u00e0ruppasandh\u00ec ca tath\u00e0 k\u00e0matihetuk\u00e0.<\/p>\n

R\u00f9p\u00e0vacaracutiy\u00e0 aheturahit\u00e0 siyum.<\/p>\n

Sabb\u00e0 k\u00e0matihetumh\u00e0, k\u00e0mesveva panetar\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Hetthim\u00e0ruppavajjit\u00e0: Tr\u1eeb v\u00f4 s\u1eafc x\u1ee9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. Param\u00e0ruppapatisandh\u00ec: V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c cao h\u01a1n. K\u00e0matihetuk\u00e0: D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi ba nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 39) Khi t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n t\u1eeb c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc, s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc hay m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i cao h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u00f5i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sanh \u1edf c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi ba nh\u00e2n. Khi t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n t\u1eeb c\u00f5i S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e1i sanh l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ba nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i sanh \u1edf m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c (hai nh\u00e2n hay kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– V\u1edbi ba nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 v\u1edbi v\u00f4 tham, v\u00f4 s\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u0129. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra ngu \u0111\u1ea7n, sanh ra \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f9 hay \u0111i\u1ebfc hay sinh ra \u1edf c\u00f5i \u00e1c th\u00fa.<\/p>\n

D\u00d2NG T\u00c2M TH\u1ee8C<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 40) Iccevam gahitapatisandhik\u00e0nam pana patisandhinirodh\u00e0nantaratoppabhuti tamev\u00e0rammariam\u00e0rabbha tadeva cittam y\u00e0va cuticittupp\u00e0d\u00e0 asati v\u00ecthicittupp\u00e0de bhavassa angabh\u00e0vena bhavangasantatisankh\u00e0tam m\u00e0nasam abbhocchinnam nad\u00ecsoto viya pavattati. Pariyos\u00e0ne ca cavanavasena cuticittam hutv\u00e0 nirujjhati. Tato param ca patisandh\u00e0dayo rathacakkamiva yath\u00e0kkamam evameva parivattant\u00e0 pavattanti.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Gahitapatisandhik\u00e0nam: Nh\u1eefng ch\u00fang sanh ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i sanh. Pabhuti: B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb. Abbhocchinnam: Kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Nad\u00ecsoto viya: Nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng. Pariyos\u00e0ne: \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i. Rathacakkam: B\u00e1nh xe.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 40) Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, nh\u1eefng ai b\u1ecb t\u00e1i sanh, li\u1ec1n sau khi Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c di\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y, y c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb ch\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u1edfi l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c khi kh\u1edfi l\u00ean, d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft. D\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bhavanga v\u00ec l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e2m chung, d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh T\u1eed t\u00e2m (cuticittam) r\u1ed3i di\u1ec7t. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3, Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e2m kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn t\u00f9y theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe.<\/p>\n

IV. TH\u00cdCH NGH\u0128A.<\/p>\n

– Patisandhi, Bhavanga v\u00e0 cuti c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1c t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ba t\u00e2m n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nhau. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 danh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c. Li\u1ec1n sau \u0111\u00f3, Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c (patisandhi). H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n (bhavanga) kh\u1edfi l\u00ean. Trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y. Trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 Bhavanga (H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef0 LI\u00caN T\u1ee4C C\u1ee6A D\u00d2NG T\u00c2M TH\u1ee8C<\/h4>\n

I. P\u00c0LI V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 41) Patisandhi-bhavangav\u00ecthiyo cuti ceha tath\u00e0 bhavantare.<\/p>\n

Puna sandhi bhavangamiccayam parivattati cittasantati.<\/p>\n

Patisankh\u00e0ya panetamaddhuvam adhigantv\u00e0 padamaccutam budh\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Susamucchinnasinehabandhan\u00e0 samamessanti cir\u00e0ya subbat\u00e0.<\/p>\n

II. TH\u00cdCH V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– Cittasantati: S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m. Patisankh\u00e0ya: Sau khi suy t\u01b0. Budh\u00e0: C\u00e1c v\u1ecb s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t. Addhuvam: V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. Adhigantv\u00e0: Sau khi ch\u1ee9ng. Padamaccutam: Tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ea5t t\u1eed (Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n). Susamucchinna: Kh\u00e9o c\u1eaft. Sinehabandhan\u00e0: Tri\u1ec1n \u00e1i hay s\u1ef1 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u00e1i. Samamessanti: S\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 thanh t\u1ecbnh. Cir\u00e0ya: Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u. Subbat\u00e0: Kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

III. VI\u1ec6T V\u0102N.<\/p>\n

– 41) C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng v\u1eady \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, kh\u1edfi l\u00ean Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c, H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u1eed t\u00e2m. L\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, v\u1edbi Ki\u1ebft sanh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 H\u1eefu ph\u1ea7n, d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c tr\u00f4i ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed, t\u1ef1 kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, suy t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ebd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1eaft b\u1ecf tri\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a tham \u00e1i, ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp 1 D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3: Th\u00edch Minh Ch\u00e2u *** L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u V\u0103n h\u1ecdc Abhidhamma c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 m\u00f4n T\u00e2m L\u00fd H\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00ec b\u1ed1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em ra gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p [...]","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":172119,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[59],"tags":[95,96],"yoast_head":"\nTh\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp 1 - Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/thang-phap-tap-yeu-luan-tap-1-171394.html\" \/>\n<link rel=\"next\" href=\"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/thang-phap-tap-yeu-luan-tap-1-171394.html\/2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp 1 - Ph\u00e1p B\u1ea3o Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/thang-phap-tap-yeu-luan-tap-1-171394.html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kinh Lu\u1eadt Lu\u1eadn Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-08-01T02:14:20+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-04T14:50:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/phap-bao-6.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1016\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"373 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/thang-phap-tap-yeu-luan-tap-1-171394.html\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/thang-phap-tap-yeu-luan-tap-1-171394.html\",\"name\":\"Th\u1eafng Ph\u00e1p T\u1eadp Y\u1ebfu Lu\u1eadn t\u1eadp 1 - 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