{"id":71293,"date":"2017-07-05T06:03:06","date_gmt":"2017-07-04T23:03:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/ban-tin-phat-su-chua-hoang-phap-so-2-71293.html"},"modified":"2017-07-05T06:03:06","modified_gmt":"2017-07-04T23:03:06","slug":"phap-yeu-tu-tap-toa-thien-chi-quan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/phatphapungdung.com\/phap-bao\/phap-yeu-tu-tap-toa-thien-chi-quan-71293.html","title":{"rendered":"Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu Tu T\u1eadp T\u1ecda Thi\u1ec1n Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu Tu T\u1eadp T\u1ecda Thi\u1ec1n Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/h2>\n

T\u00f9y Tr\u00ed \u1ef7 thu\u1eadt<\/em><\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb<\/strong><\/a><\/em><\/p>\n

***<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng I: Ph\u1ea7n Duy\u00ean Kh\u1edfi<\/h3>\n

Ch\u1edb l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c,<\/p>\n

Tu\u00e2n h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh,<\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 l\u00f3ng t\u00e2m \u00fd m\u00ecnh,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u1eddi ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, nh\u1eadp \u1eaft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ed1i. L\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n-thi\u1ebft nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n. S\u1edf-d\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eb9p ki\u1ebft, qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e1nh-y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p hay nu\u00f4i l\u1edbn t\u00e2m-th\u1ee9c, qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 di\u1ec7u-thu\u1eadt d\u1eabn kh\u1edfi th\u1ea7n-gi\u1ea3i. Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u1eafng-nh\u01a1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u hai ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hu\u1ec7, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0-l\u1ee3i, l\u1ee3i-tha \u0111\u1ea7y-\u0111\u1ee7. Cho n\u00ean kinh Ph\u00e1p-Hoa ch\u00e9p: “Ph\u1eadt \u1edf trong \u0110\u1ea1i-th\u1eeba, nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p minh \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng, s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ec7 trang-nghi\u00eam, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang-sanh”. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft hai ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 hai b\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0 chim hai c\u00e1nh, n\u1ebfu tu t\u1eadp ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch li\u1ec1n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o. Kinh ch\u00e9p: “N\u1ebfu thi\u00ean tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u1edbc-\u0111\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7, g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngu; thi\u00ean h\u1ecdc tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7, kh\u00f4ng tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c, g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed3ng”. L\u1ed7i cu\u1ed3ng, ngu tuy c\u00f3 ch\u00fat \u00edt kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 t\u00e0-ki\u1ebfn lu\u00e2n-chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 sai bi\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu tu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f2n v\u1eb9n, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao ch\u00f3ng l\u00ean c\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3. Kinh l\u1ea1i ch\u00e9p: “Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thinh-v\u0103n v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh-l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt-t\u00e1nh. H\u00e0ng Th\u1eadp-tr\u1ee5 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u, tuy th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5-r\u00e0ng. Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt Nh\u01b0-Lai \u0111\u1ecbnh-hu\u1ec7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt-t\u00e1nh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng”. L\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 x\u00e9t, ch\u1ec9-qu\u00e1n \u0111\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1eeda th\u1eb3ng t\u1eaft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n; l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu-h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 chung h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n ng\u00e0n c\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ee9c; l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1c-qu\u1ea3 V\u00f4-th\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n ch\u1ec9-qu\u00e1n th\u1eadt ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng. Mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u01a1-c\u01a1, ph\u00e1p m\u00ea-m\u1edd m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o, ph\u1ea3i n\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9-qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3i th\u00ec d\u1ec5 m\u00e0 th\u1eadt-h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebft b\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 l\u00fd cao s\u00e2u. Nay l\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ecnh-b\u00e0y m\u01b0\u1eddi \u00fd, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ed1i cho k\u1ebb s\u01a1 t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh-\u0111\u1ea1o bi\u1ebft h\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean n\u1ea5c thang ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111i v\u00e0o ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 n\u00ean t\u1ef1 th\u1ea5y th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1edb ch\u00ea v\u0103n n\u1ea7y thi\u1ec3n-c\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu \u00fd ngh\u0129, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i h\u1ee3p nhau, ch\u1ec9 trong ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft tr\u00ed-\u0111\u1ee9c, \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00f4n xi\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5p su\u00f4ng tr\u00ean v\u0103n ng\u00f4n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd tr\u00e1i nhau. Nh\u01b0 k\u1ebb ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a b\u00e1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c n\u01a1i m\u00ecnh n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u00edch g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

M\u01b0\u1eddi \u00fd:<\/p>\n

1- C\u1ee5-duy\u00ean<\/p>\n

2- Tr\u00e1ch d\u1ee5c<\/p>\n

3- X\u1ea3 c\u00e1i<\/p>\n

4- \u0110i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a<\/p>\n

5- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

6- Ch\u00e1nh tu<\/p>\n

7- Thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n

8- Tri ma<\/p>\n

9- Tr\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

10- Ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ecnh-b\u00e0y m\u01b0\u1eddi \u00fd n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5 l\u1ed1i tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u-ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n-thi\u1ebft cho k\u1ebb m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc t\u1ecda-thi\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e9o h\u1ed9i \u00fd tu-t\u1eadp, kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 an t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh sanh hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng v\u00f4-l\u1eadu th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng II – Ph\u1ea7n Ch\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng<\/h3>\n

I. C\u1ee5 Duy\u00ean<\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c-h\u00e0nh, mu\u1ed1n tu ch\u1ec9-qu\u00e1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m duy\u00ean:<\/p>\n

1- Gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

2- \u0102n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

3- Y\u00ean \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng.<\/p>\n

4- D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng-bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

5- G\u1ea7n-g\u0169i thi\u1ec7n-tri-th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

1. Gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi thanh-t\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 trong kinh d\u1ea1y: “N\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i gi\u1edbi-lu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sanh c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 di\u1ec7t kh\u1ed5. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, T\u1ef3-kheo ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi thanh-t\u1ecbnh”. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi chia ba h\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n

a) Ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec7-t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o t\u1ed9i ng\u0169-ngh\u1ecbch, sau g\u1eb7p th\u1ea7y l\u00e0nh d\u1ea1y th\u1ecd Tam-quy, ng\u0169-gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec7-t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t gia th\u1ecd m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m Sa-di, k\u1ebf th\u1ecd C\u1ee5-t\u00fac gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m t\u1ef3-kheo, t\u1ef3-kheo-ni. T\u1eeb khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 sau g\u00ecn-gi\u1eef thanh-t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ee7y-ph\u1ea1m, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y tu h\u00e0nh Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n \u1eaft ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i \u00e1o tr\u1eafng d\u1ec5 nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u.<\/p>\n

b) N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi r\u1ed3i, tuy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi khinh, v\u00ec tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean theo \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ec-gi\u1edbi thanh-t\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1t sanh tr\u00ed-tu\u1ec7. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i \u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 d\u01a1, nay \u0111em gi\u1eb7c s\u1ea1ch, nhu\u1ed9m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

c) Ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi r\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng ki\u00ean t\u00e2m g\u00ecn gi\u1eef, c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi khinh, gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea1m. N\u1ebfu y theo gi\u00e1o-l\u00fd Ti\u1ec3u-th\u1eeba th\u00ec ph\u1ea1m t\u1ee9 tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu y theo gi\u00e1o-l\u00fd \u0110\u1ea1i-th\u1eeba th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cho n\u00ean kinh ch\u00e9p: “Trong Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 hai h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd: 1- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u00e1c. 2- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m r\u1ed3i, bi\u1ebft s\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i”.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n s\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 10 ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee3 l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u:<\/p>\n

1- Tin ch\u1eafc nh\u00e2n-qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

2- Sanh t\u00e2m kinh s\u1ee3.<\/p>\n

3- Kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n.<\/p>\n

4- C\u1ea7u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i. – Nh\u01b0 trong kinh \u0110\u1ea1i-th\u1eeba d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c-h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 tu-t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

5- Ph\u00e1t l\u1ed3 c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

6- \u0110o\u1ea1n t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng-t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

7- Kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m h\u1ed9-tr\u00ec Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

8- Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ec7-nguy\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t ch\u00fang sanh.<\/p>\n

9- Th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n

10- Qu\u00e1n t\u1ed9i t\u00e1nh v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng sanh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 10 duy\u00ean, h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 trang-nghi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng, t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch-s\u1ebd, \u0111\u1eafp y thanh-t\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed1t h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e1n-hoa, \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc Tam-b\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p S\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i. Ho\u1eb7c 7 ng\u00e0y, 21 ng\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, ba th\u00e1ng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m S\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m, khi n\u00e0o di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed1i tr\u1ecdng di\u1ec7t? – N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 khi ch\u00ed t\u00e2m s\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n-t\u00e2m nh\u1eb9-nh\u00e0ng, th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1m linh, t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1 ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebft thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m khai-ph\u00e1t, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y, nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n. Ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m hi\u1ec3u ng\u1ed9, r\u1ed7ng su\u1ed1t, hay bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u00f9y nghe kinh li\u1ec1n th\u1ea5u-\u0111\u1ea1t ngh\u0129a l\u00fd, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p h\u1ef7, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng lo r\u1ea7u h\u1ed1i-h\u1eadn. Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng \u1ea5y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed9i ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau-di\u1ec7t. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 sau ki\u00ean tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi thanh-t\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i \u00e1o r\u00e1ch v\u00e0 d\u01a1, n\u1ebfu v\u00e1 l\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i, \u0111em gi\u1eb7t s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi r\u1ed3i, e ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh, tuy kh\u00f4ng y c\u00e1c kinh tu c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1p, ch\u1ec9 sanh t\u00e2m r\u1ea5t h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n, \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc Tam-b\u1ea3o ph\u00e1t l\u1ed3 t\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111oan t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c, th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng, qu\u00e1n t\u1ed9i t\u00e1nh v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng, ni\u1ec7m m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt; ho\u1eb7c khi xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n, ch\u00ed t\u00e2m th\u1eafp h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i, s\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i, t\u1ee5ng gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kinh \u0110\u1ea1i-th\u1eeba, tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh-t\u1ecbnh, thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh khai ph\u00e1t. Cho n\u00ean kinh Di\u1ec7u-Th\u1eafng-\u0110\u1ecbnh ch\u00e9p: “N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng, sanh t\u00e2m kinh s\u1ee3, mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu ngo\u00e0i thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y n\u00ean \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng v\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0110\u1ea1i-th\u1eeba, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n”.<\/p>\n

2. \u0102n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7<\/strong><\/p>\n

A) S\u1ef1 m\u1eb7c c\u00f3 3 th\u1ee9:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

a) Nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i-s\u0129 n\u00fai Tuy\u1ebft – \u0110\u1ee9c-Th\u00edch-Ca – ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc y r\u00e1ch che th\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1o trong x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng, s\u1ee9c kham nh\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u.<\/p>\n

b) Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Ca-Di\u1ebfp th\u01b0\u1eddng tu h\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9a ba c\u00e1i y ph\u1ea5n-t\u1ea3o, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c y kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

c) N\u1ebfu \u1edf x\u1ee9 l\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 nh\u1eabn l\u1ef1c ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh, ngo\u00e0i ba y, Nh\u01b0-Lai c\u0169ng cho ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c; nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thuy\u1ebft-t\u1ecbnh, bi\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7, n\u1ebfu tham-c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1t ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m, ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

B) S\u1ef1 \u0103n c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

a) N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1eadc Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng-nh\u01a1n \u0110\u1ea1i-s\u0129 v\u00e0o n\u01a1i th\u00e2m s\u01a1n, xa h\u1eb3n th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y th\u1eddi d\u00f9ng rau qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n

b) Th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0 th\u1ecd ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, ph\u00e1 4 th\u1ee9 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ed1ng theo ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng hay sanh th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o. B\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

1- Tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

2- Xem thi\u00ean v\u0103n.<\/p>\n

3- T\u00ecm c\u00e1ch m\u01b0u sinh.<\/p>\n

4- Dong ru\u1ed5i b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mong c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c coi b\u00f3i, thu\u1ed1c thang…<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i X\u00e1-L\u1ee3i-Ph\u1ea5t v\u00ec Thanh-M\u1ee5c-N\u1eef n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

c) \u1ede ch\u1ed5 v\u1eafng-v\u1ebb nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e0n-vi\u1ec7t \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00fang.<\/p>\n

d) \u1ede trong ch\u00fang t\u0103ng \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng duy\u00ean n\u1ea7y, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0103n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? – V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng duy\u00ean n\u1ea7y th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng an-\u1ed5n, ch\u01b0\u1edbng-ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

3. Y\u00ean \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng-v\u1ebb<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 y\u00ean. Ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng \u1ed3n n\u00e1o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u1eafng-v\u1ebb. C\u00f3 ba ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n

a) Ch\u1ed7 n\u00fai s\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

b) Ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng-v\u1ebb h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0, c\u00e1ch xa l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m \u00edt n\u1eefa c\u0169ng ba, b\u1ed1n d\u1eb7m, b\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

c) \u1ede trong ng\u00f4i gi\u00e0-lam thanh-t\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1ch xa k\u1ebb th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

\u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “y\u00ean \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng-v\u1ebb”.<\/p>\n

4. D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a) D\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n

b) D\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft giao v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n gian. Kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

c) D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee3 kh\u00e9o, th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, th\u1ea7y b\u00f9a, th\u1ea7y b\u00f3i, th\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1edbng, th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1…<\/p>\n

d) D\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao b\u1ecf c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y? – V\u00ec c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i b\u00ea tr\u1ec5, t\u00e2m lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f3 nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

5. G\u1ea7n g\u0169i thi\u1ec7n-tri-th\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7n-tri-th\u1ee9c c\u00f3:<\/p>\n

a) Ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7n-tri-th\u1ee9c. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay kinh doanh, c\u00fang-d\u01b0\u1eddng, \u1ee7ng-h\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu, \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu kh\u1ecfi lo phi\u1ec1n r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

b) \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1nh thi\u1ec7n-tri-th\u1ee9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea1o tu h\u00e0nh, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u1ea3nh-gi\u00e1c l\u1eabn nhau, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5u-lo\u1ea1n nhau.<\/p>\n

c) Gi\u00e1o-th\u1ecd thi\u1ec7n-tri-th\u1ee9c. B\u1eadc th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c n\u1ed9i, ngo\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i h\u1ef7.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

II. Tr\u00e1ch D\u1ee5c<\/h3>\n

N\u00f3i tr\u00e1ch d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c. Ph\u00e0m mu\u1ed1n t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n tu-t\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c: s\u1eafc, thinh, h\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ecb, x\u00fac \u1edf th\u1ebf-gian. N\u00f3 hay l\u00e0m m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e0m phu khi\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3i say \u0111\u1eafm. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 li\u1ec1n xa l\u00eca, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n

1. Tr\u00e1ch s\u1eafc d\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng ki\u1ec1u-di\u1ec5m c\u1ee7a nam, n\u1eef nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft trong, m\u00e0y d\u00e0i, m\u00f4i son, r\u0103ng tr\u1eafng… V\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau m\u00e0u s\u1eafc m\u1ef9 l\u1ec7 xanh, v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1eafng, h\u1ed3ng, t\u00eda, lam, l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u1eadt b\u00e1u \u1edf th\u1ebf-gian. N\u00f3 hay khi\u1ebfn k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m phu tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y sanh l\u00f2ng y\u00eau-m\u1ebfn, t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u00e1c-nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 vua T\u1ea7n-B\u00e0-Ta-La v\u00ec s\u1eafc d\u1ee5c \u0111em th\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbch, cam \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0ng A-Ph\u1ea1m-Ba-La. L\u1ea1i \u01afu-\u0110i\u1ec1n c\u0169ng v\u00ec s\u1eafc d\u1ee5c ch\u1eb7c tay, ch\u00e2n 500 v\u1ecb ti\u00ean. S\u1eafc d\u1ee5c c\u00f2n g\u00e2y bi\u1ebft bao t\u1ed9i-l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

2. Tr\u00e1ch thinh d\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1eddn tranh, \u0111\u1eddn c\u1ea7m, \u1ed1ng ti\u00eau, \u1ed1ng s\u00e1o, ti\u1ebfng ty, ti\u1ebfng tr\u00fac, kim, th\u1ea1ch t\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh \u00e2m-nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 gi\u1ecdng ca ng\u00e2m, t\u00e1n t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nam n\u1eef. N\u00f3 hay c\u00e1m d\u1ed5 k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m phu v\u1eeba nghe li\u1ec1n sanh t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafm nhi\u1ec5m, t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 500 v\u1ecb ti\u00ean \u1edf n\u00fai Tuy\u1ebft nghe gi\u1ecdng ca c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2n-\u0110\u00e0-La li\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m say m\u00ea cu\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1n. M\u00ea \u00e2m thinh t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft bao vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

3. Tr\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nam, n\u1eef, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f4ng, \u01b0\u1edbp, k\u1ebb ngu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft x\u00e9t t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u1eeba ng\u1eedi li\u1ec1n sanh m\u00ea-\u0111\u1eafm, m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho ki\u1ebft-s\u1eed. Nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo \u1edf b\u00ean h\u1ed3 sen, ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a hoa sanh t\u00e2m \u01b0a th\u00edch, b\u1ecb v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n gi\u1eef ao qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch: “T\u1ea1i sao d\u00e1m tr\u1ed9m m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta?” V\u00ec th\u00edch m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ki\u1ebft-s\u1eed \u0111ang n\u1eb1m li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady. C\u00f2n bi\u1ebft bao nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean do h\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u1ee5c g\u00e2y tai h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

4. Tr\u00e1ch v\u1ecb d\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f9i v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng, cay, chua, ng\u1ecdt, m\u1eb7n, l\u1ea1t…,. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 cao-l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ef9-v\u1ecb hay khi\u1ebfn ph\u00e0n phu sanh t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng Sa-di v\u00ec th\u00edch v\u1ecb t\u00f4-l\u1ea1c n\u00ean sau khi ch\u1ebft l\u00e0m con gi\u00f2i \u1edf trong t\u00f4-l\u1ea1c. V\u1ecb d\u1ee5c c\u00f2n l\u1eafm vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

5. Tr\u00e1ch x\u00fac d\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Da th\u1ecbt m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i m\u1ecbn m\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nam, n\u1eef; khi l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea1m \u1ea5m, khi n\u00f3ng x\u00fac m\u00e1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1i x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u, k\u1ebb ngu kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ed v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm, khi\u1ebfn ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1eebng v\u00ec x\u00fac d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 m\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, b\u1ecb d\u00e2m n\u1eef c\u1ee1i c\u1ed5. X\u00fac d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 l\u1eafm vi\u1ec7c tai h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1ch d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u r\u00fat trong lu\u1eadn Ma-Ha-Di\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i than r\u1eb1ng: “Than \u00f4i! Ch\u00fang sanh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n, m\u00e0 m\u00e3i t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c n\u1ea7y, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0ng h\u0103ng; nh\u01b0 l\u1eeda th\u00eam c\u1ee7i, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh. Ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng vui nh\u01b0 ch\u00f3 g\u1eb7m x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4. Ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c g\u00e2y tranh \u0111\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea7y qu\u1ea1 d\u00e0nh th\u1ecbt th\u00fai. Ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c thi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7m \u0111u\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3. Ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1p r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c. Ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a b\u00e1u. Ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1 l\u1eeda. Tr\u00ed-gi\u1ea3 suy x\u00e9t coi n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 gi\u1eb7c th\u00f9; th\u1ebf-nh\u00e2n l\u1ea7m m\u00ea tham \u0111\u1eafm ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf, \u0111\u1eddi sau ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu v\u00f4-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o”.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ebfn c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00fac sanh v\u1eabn c\u00f3 5 d\u1ee5c n\u1ea7y, n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang-sanh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c sai s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u00f4i m\u1ecdi cho ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c; lao m\u00ecnh trong t\u1ec7 d\u1ee5c, ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong tam \u0111\u1ed3. Ta nay tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ch\u00fang ng\u0103n che, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c d\u1eef ph\u1ea3i ch\u00f3ng g\u1ea5p xa l\u00eca. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 kinh Thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ebft s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ee9t<\/p>\n

V\u00ec \u01b0a d\u1ee5c th\u00edch v\u1ecb<\/p>\n

Nu\u00f4i th\u00f9 v\u00e0o g\u00f2 n\u1ed5ng<\/p>\n

Lu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eafng cay<\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n th\u00fai nh\u01b0 t\u1eed thi<\/p>\n

Ch\u00edn l\u1ed7 ch\u1ea3y b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 tr\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n \u01b0a ph\u00e2n<\/p>\n

K\u1ebb ngu th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed n\u00ean x\u00e9t th\u00e2n<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng tham nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ebf l\u1ea1c<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng ham mu\u1ed1n<\/p>\n

\u1ea4y g\u1ecdi ch\u00e2n Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m, nh\u1ea5t \u00fd h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n

S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

\u1ea4y g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

III. X\u1ea3 C\u00e1i<\/h3>\n

X\u1ea3 c\u00e1i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ecf ng\u0169-c\u00e1i: tham-d\u1ee5c, gi\u1eadn-h\u1eddn, m\u00ea-ng\u1ee7, di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i-h\u1eadn, nghi-ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n

1. X\u1ea3 tham-d\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u0169-tr\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i sanh tham mu\u1ed1n, nay n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh trong \u00fd-c\u0103n sanh tham mu\u1ed1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng tu thi\u1ec1n, t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m tham mu\u1ed1n ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i, che \u0111\u1eady thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i li\u1ec1n b\u1ecf. T\u1ea1i v\u00ec sao? – V\u00ec nh\u01b0 n\u00e0ng Thu\u1eadt-B\u00e0-Gia trong t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi tham-d\u1ee5c, c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 thay! Hu\u1ed1ng chi trong t\u00e2m sanh l\u1eeda tham-d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u00eau h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh? Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham-d\u1ee5c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t xa. T\u1ea1i sao? – V\u00ec d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 tr\u00fa c\u1ee7a bao nhi\u00eau s\u1ef1 n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu trong t\u00e2m \u00f4m-\u1ea5p tham-d\u1ee5c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng do \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 “tr\u1eeb c\u00e1i” n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed5-th\u1eb9n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o<\/p>\n

\u00d4m b\u00e1t ph\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang-sanh<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao theo tr\u1ea7n d\u1ee5c<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ecm l\u1eb7n trong ng\u0169 t\u00ecnh?<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 x\u1ea3 ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c-l\u1ea1c<\/p>\n

B\u1ecf n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1eeda<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c d\u1ee5c khi c\u1ea7u kh\u1ed5<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3-h\u00e3i<\/p>\n

Khi m\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i lo r\u1ea7u<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng vui<\/p>\n

H\u1ecda c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf<\/p>\n

Do \u0111\u00e2u x\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3?<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vui s\u00e2u thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n

Li\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u00f3 l\u1eeba.<\/p>\n

2. X\u1ea3 gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gi\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i g\u1ed1c l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p, l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n-duy\u00ean sa v\u00e0o \u00e1c-\u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 oan-gia c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p an-l\u1ea1c, l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c d\u1eef c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m, l\u00e0 t\u1ea1ng ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a bao nhi\u00eau \u00e1c-kh\u1ea9u. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n suy-ngh\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ea7y hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i ta, ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i gia-quy\u1ebfn ta, khen-ng\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ta; suy-ngh\u0129 qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai c\u0169ng th\u1ebf, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ch\u00edn th\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o. Do \u0111\u00f3 sanh s\u00e2n-h\u1eadn, kh\u1edfi s\u00e2n-h\u1eadn n\u00ean sanh o\u00e1n th\u00f9, do t\u00e2m o\u00e1n-th\u00f9, b\u00e8n kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m t\u00e0n h\u1ea1i k\u1ebb \u1ea5y. S\u00e2n-h\u1eadn che \u0111\u1eady t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “C\u00e1i”. Ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p b\u1ecf n\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng cho n\u00f3 t\u0103ng-tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Th\u00edch-\u0110\u1ec1-B\u00e0-Na d\u00f9ng b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 h\u1ecfi Ph\u1eadt:<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt g\u00ec gi\u1ebft an-l\u1ea1c?<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt g\u00ec gi\u1ebft v\u00f4 \u01b0u?<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt g\u00ec g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c?<\/p>\n

Nu\u1ed1t ti\u00eau t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n?<\/p>\n

Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ebft s\u00e2n th\u00ec an-l\u1ea1c<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ebft s\u00e2n th\u00ec v\u00f4-\u01b0u<\/p>\n

S\u00e2n l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c<\/p>\n

S\u00e2n di\u1ec7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 bi\u1ebft s\u00e2n nguy-hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea3i ch\u00f3ng tu t\u1eeb-bi, nh\u1eabn-nh\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t-tr\u1eeb n\u00f3 cho t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh-t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

3. X\u1ea3 m\u00ea ng\u1ee7<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u1ee7 hay ph\u00e1-ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1i vui ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt n\u01a1i t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eddi n\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau, c\u00f9ng c\u00e1i vui c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat thi\u1ec7n. T\u1ea1i sao? – V\u00ec nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9n “C\u00c1I” kh\u00e1c d\u1ec5 bi\u1ebft n\u00ean tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f2n khi ng\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00ean kh\u00f3 tr\u1eeb. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t qu\u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7-t\u1eed m\u00ea ng\u1ee7:<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng d\u1eady! ch\u1edb \u00f4m th\u00e2y th\u00fai n\u1eb1m,<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u1edbp nh\u00faa t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi,<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng, t\u00eam c\u1eafm v\u00e0o th\u00e2n,<\/p>\n

D\u1eaby \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111au kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e2u y\u00ean ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i s\u1eafp \u0111em gi\u1ebft,<\/p>\n

Tai h\u1ea1i k\u1ec1 b\u00ean \u0111\u00e2u th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7!<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eb7c ki\u1ebft ch\u01b0a di\u1ec7t, h\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a tr\u1eeb,<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c chung nh\u00e0 \u1edf,<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn, gi\u1eefa hai \u0111ao b\u00e9n,<\/p>\n

Khi \u1ea5y l\u00e0m sao y\u00ean ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n

Ng\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111en t\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y,<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u01b0\u1edbp m\u1ea5t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ta,<\/p>\n

Do ng\u1ee7 khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,<\/p>\n

H\u1ea1i to nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2u y\u00ean ng\u1ee7?<\/p>\n

C\u00f2n l\u1eafm vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch m\u00ea ng\u1ee7. L\u1ea5y v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3nh-gi\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 khi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt, kh\u00f4ng che m\u1edd t\u00e2m t\u00e1nh. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m m\u00ea ng\u1ee7 qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thi\u1ec1n-tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

4. X\u1ea3 di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i-h\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a) Th\u00e2n di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u00e2n \u01b0a ch\u1ea1y rong \u0111\u00f9a gi\u1ee1n l\u0103ng-x\u0103ng, \u00edt khi ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean.<\/p>\n

b) Mi\u1ec7ng di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng. \u01afa ca h\u00e1t, tranh c\u00e3i ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea5y, n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c v\u00f4 \u00edch, n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf-gian.<\/p>\n

c) T\u00e2m di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u00e2m t\u00ecnh ph\u00f3ng-t\u00fang, \u00fd-ngh\u0129 l\u0103ng-x\u0103ng, suy-ngh\u0129 v\u0103n-ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u1ef9-ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ebf-gian, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u00e9t ngh\u0129 x\u1ea5u \u00e1c…<\/p>\n

Di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng hay ph\u00e1 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t-gia. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed1 nhi\u1ebfp-t\u00e2m v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ed1ng chi k\u1ebb t\u00e1n-lo\u1ea1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m t\u00e1n-lo\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 con voi say m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2u m\u00f3c, con l\u1ea1c-\u0111\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y m\u0169i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec1m gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1o t\u00f3c m\u1eb7c \u00e1o nhu\u1ed9m,<\/p>\n

\u00d4m b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t v\u00e0o x\u00f3m xin \u0103n.<\/p>\n

V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i \u01b0a th\u00edch di\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9ng?<\/p>\n

Bu\u00f4ng-lung \u00fd, m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 m\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p l\u1ee3i, l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i vui \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi, bi\u1ebft l\u1ed7i \u1ea5y r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng, ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh che \u0111\u1eady, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 h\u1ed1i-h\u1eadn m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh. V\u00ec sao? – V\u00ec khi di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i. Trong khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi h\u1ed1i-h\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, lo r\u1ea7u che \u0111\u1eady c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m t\u00ednh. H\u1ed1i h\u1eadn c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

1- Nh\u01a1n di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng, sau m\u1edbi sanh h\u1ed1i-h\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

2- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4m l\u00f2ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, m\u0169i t\u00ean h\u1ed1i-h\u1eadn c\u1eafm s\u00e2u v\u00e0o tim kh\u00f3 nh\u1ed5 ra.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u00e0 l\u00e0m<\/p>\n

N\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n

L\u1eeda h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn thi\u00eau ch\u00e1y,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eddi sau \u0111\u1ecda \u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i n\u00ean h\u1ed1i,<\/p>\n

H\u1ed1i r\u1ed3i ch\u1edb lo phi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u00e2m an vui,<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edb m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 h\u1ed1i:<\/p>\n

Ho\u1eb7c n\u00ean l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

\u1ea4y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebb ngu,<\/p>\n

V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

5. X\u1ea3 nghi ng\u1edd<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do nghi che \u0111\u1eady t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed1i trong ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng tin. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u00edn t\u00e2m, n\u00ean \u1edf trong Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi c\u1ea3. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u00fai v\u00e0ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tay n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng nghi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tai h\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang g\u00ec ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nay n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nghi c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a) Nghi m\u00ecnh.- Ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ta l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ngu t\u1ed1i, t\u1ed9i ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc kia ! T\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi nghi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sanh. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n tu thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1edb c\u00f3 khinh m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec c\u0103n l\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2u th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

b) Nghi th\u1ea7y.- Nghi th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, oai nghi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao d\u1ea1y ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Kh\u1edfi nghi m\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh. Mu\u1ed1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecbnh n\u1ea7y, nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn Ma-Ha-Di\u1ec5n d\u1ea1y: “V\u00ed nh\u01b0 trong \u0111\u00e3y da th\u00fai m\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0ng, v\u00ec ham v\u00e0ng ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3y th\u00fai. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u1ea7y tuy ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thanh-t\u1ecbnh, v\u1eabn t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt”.<\/p>\n

c) Nghi ph\u00e1p.- Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u hay ch\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00ecnh ngh\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i, n\u00ean sau khi th\u1ecd gi\u00e1o-ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 li\u1ec1n sanh t\u00e2m tin k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5ng-h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m d\u1ee5 d\u1ef1 th\u00ec ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec5m t\u00e2m. V\u00ec sao?- V\u00ec nghi l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng-ng\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 trong b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e3 ba,<\/p>\n

Nghi ng\u1edd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1ed1i,<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng,<\/p>\n

Nghi c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady,<\/p>\n

V\u00ec nghi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea7u,<\/p>\n

Th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea5y nghi t\u1eeb si sanh,<\/p>\n

L\u00e0 \u00e1c trong c\u00e1c \u00e1c,<\/p>\n

Trong Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u00e1c,<\/p>\n

Sanh t\u1eed v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n,<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ebft-\u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n

\u1ede trong ch\u1edb sanh nghi,<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng n\u1ebfu \u00f4m l\u00f2ng nghi,<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00faa ng\u1ee5c tr\u00f3i,<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 s\u01b0-t\u1eed ch\u1ee5p nai,<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi,<\/p>\n

\u1ede \u0111\u1eddi tuy c\u00f3 nghi,<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y-h\u1ef7 ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh,<\/p>\n

V\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5y ng\u1ea3 ba<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t, l\u1ee3i n\u00ean \u0111i.<\/p>\n

L\u00f2ng tin hay v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tin, tuy \u1edf trong Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 ho\u00e0n-to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee7 bi\u1ebft nghi l\u00e0 tai h\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y g\u1ea5p b\u1ecf n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi: “Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 b\u1ee5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh h\u1ebft, t\u1ea1i sao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y b\u1ecf 5 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 th\u00f4i?” \u0110\u00e1p: Trong 5 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 tam \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng-ph\u1ea7n, 4 th\u1ee9 n\u1ea7y l\u00e0m c\u0103n-b\u1ea3n, nhi\u1ebfp c\u1ea3 t\u00e1m mu\u00f4n b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n tr\u1ea7n-lao. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

1- Tham mu\u1ed1n thu\u1ed9c tham \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

2- Gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn thu\u1ed9c s\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

3- M\u00ea ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nghi thu\u1ed9c si \u0111\u1ed9c<\/p>\n

4- Di\u00eau-\u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang hi\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh 4 ph\u1ea7n phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o. Trong m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 2 mu\u00f4n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n. H\u1ecdp 4 ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 8 mu\u00f4n 4 ng\u00e0n. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, tr\u1eeb ng\u0169-c\u00e1i l\u00e0 tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu n\u00ean l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u1eeb b\u1ecf ng\u0169-c\u00e1i. Ng\u0169-c\u00e1i b\u1ecf r\u1ed3i, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, nh\u01b0 gi\u1eb7c b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u tho\u00e1t, y\u00ean \u1ed5n kh\u00f4ng lo s\u1ee3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u0169ng v\u1eady, tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0169-c\u00e1i r\u1ed3i, t\u00e2m y\u00ean \u1ed5n, m\u00e1t m\u1ebb an vui, nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng b\u1ecb 5 vi\u1ec7c che t\u1ed1i: kh\u00f3i, b\u1ee5i, m\u00e2y, m\u00f9, nh\u1eadt nguy\u1ec7t th\u1ef1c, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. T\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ng\u0169-c\u00e1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

IV. \u0110i\u1ec1u H\u00f2a<\/h3>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, mu\u1ed1n tu theo gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang-sanh, nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4-th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00e2m ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 kim-cang, tinh t\u1ea5n d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng. N\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt-Ph\u00e1p, ho\u00e0n-to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n r\u1ed3i, nhi\u00ean h\u1eadu trong khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m suy ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u01a1n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd, trong, ngo\u00e0i, c\u0103n, tr\u1ea7n, th\u1ee9c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, sanh-t\u1eed trong tam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01a1n t\u00e2m m\u00e0 c\u00f3. Cho n\u00ean kinh Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba ch\u00e9p: “Tam gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang c\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 do nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh th\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p sanh t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ee9t”. Qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, k\u1ebf n\u00ean theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp kh\u1edfi h\u1ea1nh tu t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a?- D\u00f9ng th\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh cho d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 g\u1ed1m kh\u00e9o tr\u1ed9n n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5t nh\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo, sau m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u00e0 n\u1eb7n. Nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1eddn c\u1ea7m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a gi\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng, sau m\u1edbi kh\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c \u00e2m thanh vi di\u1ec7u. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tu t\u00e2m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u0103m vi\u1ec7c khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00f2a th\u00edch th\u00ec ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ec5 sanh. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00ec sanh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea1n, c\u0103n l\u00e0nh kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sanh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u0103m vi\u1ec7c:<\/p>\n

1. \u0110i\u1ec1u ho\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn tu \u0111\u1ea1o-nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu \u0103n no qu\u00e1 th\u00ec bao t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y, h\u01a1i th\u1edf g\u1ea5p, tr\u0103m m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng, t\u00e2m b\u1ecb b\u1ebf t\u1eafc, ng\u1ed3i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean. N\u1ebfu \u0103n qu\u00e1 \u00edt th\u00ec th\u00e2n g\u1ea7y, bao t\u1eed l\u1ecfng-l\u1ebbo, \u00fd lao l\u01b0 xao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng v\u1eefng. Hai vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu \u0103n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ebf khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i h\u00f4n m\u00ea. N\u1ebfu \u0103n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch nghi hay kh\u01a1i b\u1ec7nh c\u0169, khi\u1ebfn t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ecbch nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi t\u1eadp tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i d\u00e8-d\u1eb7t tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y. Cho n\u00ean kinh ch\u00e9p: “Th\u00e2n y\u00ean th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0a \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng v\u1ebb, t\u00e2m l\u1eb7ng \u01b0a tinh-t\u1ea5n, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt”.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a s\u1ef1 ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ng\u1ee7 l\u00e0 b\u1ecb v\u00f4 minh che \u0111\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ecf b\u00ea s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh, l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng phu, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m \u00e1m mu\u1ed9i, c\u0103n l\u00e0nh tan m\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1c-ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd v\u00f4-th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 tinh-th\u1ea7n trong s\u00e1ng, t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m minh-t\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e1 t\u00e2m n\u01a1i th\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh, ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n. Cho n\u00ean kinh ch\u00e9p: “\u0110\u1ea7u h\u00f4m v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i khuya c\u0169ng ch\u1edb b\u1ecf ph\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng do nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi lu\u1ed1ng tr\u00f4i qua, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda v\u00f4-th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00eau c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf-gian, s\u1edbm c\u1ea7u t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1edb n\u00ean ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9”.<\/p>\n

Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01a1i th\u1edf, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m, ba vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i h\u1ee3p nhau d\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 sau kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eadp, tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

3. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n. Khi \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh-\u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9-nh\u00e0ng th\u01b0 th\u1ea3; n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh-\u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea5p g\u00e1p, n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 th\u00ec h\u01a1i th\u1edf h\u00e0o-h\u1ec3n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf h\u00e0o-h\u1ec3n th\u00ec t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n kh\u00f3 k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u1ed3i b\u1ee9c r\u1ee9c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0-th\u1edbi. Do \u0111\u00f3 tuy ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee5ng \u00fd, s\u1edbm t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u1ea1n-ch\u1ebf n\u00f3 d\u1ea7n. L\u00fac nh\u1eadp-\u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o an th\u00e2n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Khi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean, m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u nghe y\u00ean \u1ed5n, l\u00e2u l\u00e2u th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n ch\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu ng\u1ed3i b\u00e1n gi\u00e0 th\u00ec l\u1ea5y ch\u01a1n tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i m\u1eb7t, k\u00e9o s\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f9i m\u1eb7t, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f9i tr\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu ng\u1ed3i to\u00e0n gi\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i k\u00e9o ch\u00e2n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i. N\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng gi\u00e2y l\u01b0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 \u00e1o, s\u1eeda cho ngay th\u1eb3ng. L\u1ea5y b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay ch\u00f4ng l\u00ean nhau tr\u1eeb ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n, k\u00e9o s\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u00e2n. Th\u00e2n ngay th\u1eb3ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p xoa b\u00f3p, kh\u00f4ng cho tay ch\u00e2n x\u00ea d\u1ecbch. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i gi\u1eef x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng cho th\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 cong v\u1eb9o. C\u1ed5 s\u1eeda cho ngay, \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00fai h\u01a1i, gi\u1eef ch\u00f3t m\u0169i ngay r\u00fan kh\u00f4ng chinh kh\u00f4ng v\u1ea1y, kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00fai, g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean. K\u1ebf d\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng th\u1edf h\u01a1i \u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1ee3c ra, khi th\u1edf h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng cho h\u01a1i ra, \u0111\u1eebng m\u1ea1nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng g\u1ea5p, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eb9, h\u01a1i ra t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u trong th\u00e2n nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u theo h\u01a1i th\u1edf m\u00e0 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i ng\u1eadm mi\u1ec7ng d\u00f9ng m\u0169i h\u00edt h\u01a1i trong s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0o. Th\u1edf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn ba l\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu khi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00ec th\u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1edf xong ng\u1eadm mi\u1ec7ng l\u1ea1i, m\u00f4i v\u00e0 r\u0103ng v\u1eeba kh\u00edt nhau, l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u1ed5 g\u00e0. Con m\u1eaft nh\u1eafm v\u1eeba khu\u1ea5t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00f4i. Th\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i ngay th\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1. Th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n tay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ban \u0111\u1ea7u khi nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e3n m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea5p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

4. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u01a1i th\u1edf c\u00f3 4 t\u01b0\u1edbng: 1- T\u01b0\u1edbng Phong. 2- T\u01b0\u1edbng Xuy\u1ec3n. 3- T\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00ed. 4- T\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ee9c. Ba t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a, t\u01b0\u1edbng sau m\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phong, t\u01b0\u1edbng Xuy\u1ec3n v.v…?<\/p>\n

– Khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o trong m\u0169i nghe c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phong; h\u01a1i th\u1edf tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng m\u00e0 ra v\u00e0o ng\u0103n tr\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Xuy\u1ec3n; h\u01a1i th\u1edf tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng, kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n tr\u1ec7, m\u00e0 ra v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb9-nh\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00ed; h\u01a1i th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4, ra v\u00e0o nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t, tinh-th\u1ea7n an-\u1ed5n, th\u01b0-th\u1edbi, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh Phong th\u00ec t\u00e1n-lo\u1ea1n, b\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh Xuy\u1ec3n th\u00ec ng\u0103n tr\u1ec7, b\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh Kh\u00ed th\u00ec nh\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1n; ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 an-\u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 ba t\u01b0\u1edbng Phong, Xuy\u1ec3n, Kh\u00ed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a; khi \u1ea5y n\u1ebfu d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m th\u00ec h\u1ea1i t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i y ba ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n

1- Chuy\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e2m \u1edf t\u1ea1i r\u00fan.<\/p>\n

2- Bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 th\u00e2n-th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1-t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

3- T\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1eafp l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n-ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ebf-vi th\u00ec h\u01a1i th\u1edf nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng sanh, t\u00e2m d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a h\u01a1i th\u1edf, khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi t\u1eadp ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, h\u01a1i th\u1edf nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eb9, d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

5. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba c\u00e1ch: Nh\u1eadp, Tr\u1ee5, v\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

a) Nh\u1eadp: Nh\u1eadp c\u00f3 hai l\u1ed1i:<\/p>\n

1- \u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c lo\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng cho bu\u00f4ng-lung.<\/p>\n

2- Ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a gi\u1eefa Ph\u00f9, Tr\u1ea7m, Khoan, C\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7m? – N\u1ebfu trong khi ng\u1ed3i t\u00e2m m\u1edd-m\u1ecbt, kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u1edb g\u00ec c\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ea7u \u01b0a g\u1ee5c xu\u1ed1ng, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7m. Khi \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa t\u00e2m t\u1ea1i ch\u00f3t m\u0169i, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m duy\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh, kh\u00f4ng cho \u00fd ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh Tr\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00f9? – N\u1ebfu khi ng\u1ed3i t\u00e2m \u01b0a ph\u00f3ng-t\u00fang lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00e2n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean, nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00f9. Khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e2m t\u1ea1i r\u00fan, ng\u0103n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n ni\u1ec7m, t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u1ecbnh. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7m, kh\u00f4ng Ph\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Khoan, C\u1ea5p. T\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m C\u1ea5p, do trong khi ng\u1ed3i d\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u01a1i x\u00f4ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean h\u00f4ng, ng\u1ef1c \u0111au nh\u00f3i, ph\u1ea3i bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3 t\u00e2m \u1ea5y, t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ed3n xu\u1ed1ng, b\u1ec7nh li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh Khoan th\u00ec t\u00e2m ch\u00ed t\u1ea3n m\u00e1c, th\u00e2n \u01b0a xi\u00eau v\u1eb9o, ho\u1eb7c trong mi\u1ec7ng ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ebfng, ho\u1eb7c khi \u1ea5y m\u1edd m\u1ecbt. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i th\u00fac li\u1ec5m th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean-ni\u1ec7m, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 k\u1ec1m gi\u1eef nhau, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. T\u00e2m c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4 ph\u00f9 hay tr\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng, c\u1ee9 x\u00e9t \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m khi m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e0m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u1eeb th\u00f4 v\u00e0o t\u1ebf, th\u00e2n l\u00e0 th\u00f4, h\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u00e0 trung-b\u00ecnh, t\u00e2m l\u00e0 t\u1ebf-nh\u1ecb, n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1eeb th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebf khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an-t\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n ban \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai vi\u1ec7c.<\/p>\n

b) Tr\u1ee5: H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi-gian t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n t\u00f9y d\u00e0i hay ng\u1eafn, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn hai ba gi\u1edd trong 12 gi\u1edd nhi\u1ebfp ni\u1ec7m d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m. Trong \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf, t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a. N\u1ebfu khi ng\u1ed3i tuy \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n xong, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ec1m th\u00fac, ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00eang, cong, c\u00fai, ng\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ngay th\u1eb3ng, bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i li\u1ec1n s\u1eeda cho th\u1eb3ng khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an-\u1ed5n. S\u1eeda th\u00e2n b\u1eadc trung kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec1m, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea3, b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay th\u1eb3ng an-tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong th\u1eddi-gian ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n th\u00e2n tuy \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a, m\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a. T\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01a1i th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ho\u1eb7c Phong, Xuy\u1ec3n, Kh\u00ed, ho\u1eb7c trong th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7y h\u01a1i, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f9y b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb, khi\u1ebfn h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u00eam, d\u00e0i nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn, trong th\u1eddi-gian ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, th\u00e2n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf tuy \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a, m\u00e0 t\u00e2m ho\u1eb7c Ph\u00f9, Tr\u1ea7m, Khoan, C\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi \u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft n\u00ean d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch-\u1ee9ng b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

Ba vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, sau. T\u00f9y c\u00e1i n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a s\u1eeda cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a, khi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ed3i, th\u00e2n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, ba c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a th\u00edch-\u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1i nhau, dung h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng hai. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 hay tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng-ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng sanh, ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ebft-\u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

c) Xu\u1ea5t: H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n s\u1eafp xong, khi mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00f3ng t\u00e2m duy\u00ean c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c, k\u1ebf h\u1ea3 mi\u1ec7ng th\u1edf h\u01a1i ra, t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1eafp tr\u0103m m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec1u theo \u00fd m\u00e0 l\u01b0u-chuy\u1ec3n. Nhi\u00ean h\u1eadu, nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n, k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9ng vai, b\u1eafp tay (ch\u1ed7 con chu\u1ed9t); l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ebfn tay, \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u1ed9ng hai ch\u00e2n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u00eam-\u00e1i, r\u1ed1t sau l\u1ea5y tay xoa kh\u1eafp l\u1ed7 ch\u01a1n l\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i hai tay xoa nhau cho n\u00f3ng \u00e1p l\u00ean hai con m\u1eaft, sau m\u1edbi m\u1edf m\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi tan h\u1ebft m\u1edbi t\u00f9y \u00fd ra \u0111i. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m, m\u00e0 khi xu\u1ea5t bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3 mau qu\u00e1 th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n vi t\u1ebf ch\u01b0a tan, tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i trong th\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, tr\u0103m l\u00f3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1edd nh\u01b0 m\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng phong lao; v\u1ec1 sau trong khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n b\u1ee9c-r\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n. h\u01a1i th\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, t\u1eeb t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00e9o Nh\u1eadp, Tr\u1ee5 v\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfn d\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1,<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4 t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i nhau.<\/p>\n

V\u00ed nh\u01b0 kh\u00e9o l\u1eadp m\u01b0u,<\/p>\n

T\u00f9y \u00fd mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111i.<\/p>\n

Kinh Ph\u00e1p-Hoa ch\u00e9p: “\u0110\u1ea1i-ch\u00fang v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v.v… \u1edf h\u1ed9i n\u1ea7y, \u0111\u00e3 trong v\u00f4-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ee9c, ki\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec Ph\u1eadt-\u0111\u1ea1o, si\u00eang tu tinh-t\u1ea5n, kh\u00e9o nh\u1eadp, tr\u1ee5, xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n mu\u00f4n \u1ee9c ch\u00e1nh-\u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n-th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u tu h\u1ea1nh thanh-t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00e9o hay th\u1ee9-t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh”.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

V. H\u00e0nh Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n<\/h3>\n

Ph\u00e0m mu\u1ed1n tu ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. Ph\u00e1p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u00f3 n\u0103m:<\/p>\n

1. D\u1ee5c<\/strong>. Mu\u1ed1n l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u00ean-\u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf-gian, mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7. D\u1ee5c c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00ed, l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 \u01afa, l\u00e0 Th\u00edch. V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u01b0a th\u00edch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y: “T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y D\u1ee5c l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c”.<\/p>\n

2. Tinh-t\u1ea5n<\/strong>. Ki\u00ean tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, x\u1ea3 d\u1ee9t ng\u0169-c\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00f4m v\u00e0 khuya tinh chuy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u00ea tr\u1ec5, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9o l\u1eeda ch\u01b0a n\u00f3ng tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tinh-t\u1ea5n thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

3. Ni\u1ec7m.<\/strong> T\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf-gian d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 r\u1ea5t h\u00e8n, nh\u1edb ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00ed. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 v\u00f4-l\u1eadu, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, th\u00e0nh b\u1eadc \u0110\u1eb3ng ch\u00e1nh-gi\u00e1c, r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang-sanh, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00ed n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n

4. X\u1ea3o hu\u1ec7<\/strong>. T\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i vui th\u1ebf-gian v\u00e0 c\u00e1i vui thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc, th\u1ea5t, khinh, tr\u1ecdng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? – C\u00e1i vui th\u1ebf-gian vui \u00edt kh\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u, d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 khinh. C\u00e1i vui thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 vui v\u00f4-l\u1eadu, v\u00f4-vi, l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd th\u00eanh thang, h\u1eb1ng l\u00eca sanh t\u1eed, xa h\u1eb3n kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u1ea3o hu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

5. Nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n-minh<\/strong>. Th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 th\u1ebf-gian \u0111\u00e1ng lo, \u0111\u00e1ng gh\u00e9t, kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh-hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e1ng t\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00ed. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd n\u00ean nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tu t\u1eadp Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n, t\u00e2m c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 Kim-Cang, thi\u00ean ma ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n tr\u1edf ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i; d\u00f9 tu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i g\u00ec, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng hay b\u00edt, sau m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi r\u1eb1ng “X\u1ea3o hu\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m”. Kinh ch\u00e9p: “Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng tu thi\u1ec1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed”, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a n\u1ea7y v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

VI. Ch\u00e1nh Tu<\/h3>\n

Tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9: tu trong khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tu trong khi ti\u1ebfp duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n

A. Tu Trong Khi Ng\u1ed3i Thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n oai nghi \u0111\u1ec1u tu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o trong l\u00fac ng\u1ed3i tu th\u00f9 th\u1eafng h\u01a1n, n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c trong ph\u1ea1m vi ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n. L\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i c\u00f3 5 \u00fd:<\/p>\n

1. Tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m th\u00f4 lo\u1ea1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 khi m\u1edbi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n v\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u00f4 lo\u1ea1n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb n\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u1ec1n n\u00ean tu Qu\u00e1n, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i: “Tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m th\u00f4 lo\u1ea1n ban \u0111\u1ea7u”. Nay n\u00f3i tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n c\u00f3 hai \u00fd:<\/p>\n

a) Tu Ch\u1ec9. C\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9:<\/em><\/p>\n

1) H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean th\u1ee7 c\u00e1nh ch\u1ec9: L\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m t\u1ea1i ch\u00f3t m\u0169i v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa r\u00fan v.v…, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n. Kinh ch\u00e9p: “Bu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng bu\u00f4ng lung, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u00edch con v\u01b0\u1ee3n”.<\/p>\n

2) Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9: L\u00e0 t\u00f9y t\u00e2m v\u1eeba kh\u1edfi li\u1ec1n k\u1ec1m h\u00e3m l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng cho n\u00f3 dong ru\u1ed5i t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n. Kinh ch\u00e9p: “N\u0103m c\u0103n, t\u00e2m l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7, th\u1ebf n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o d\u1ee9t t\u00e2m”.<\/p>\n

Hai ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

3) Th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1n ch\u1ec9: L\u00e0 t\u00f9y t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft do nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean sanh, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1-t\u00e1nh th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p th\u00ec v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m d\u1ee9t, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong kinh:<\/p>\n

“Trong h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n

Nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean sanh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

D\u1ee9t t\u00e2m su\u1ed1t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c,<\/p>\n

G\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u00ed sa-m\u00f4n”.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 khi m\u1edbi t\u1eadp ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, t\u00f9y t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng; tuy d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1n-ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean m\u00e0 v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t, ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m: “qu\u00e1-kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 qua, hi\u1ec7n-t\u1ea1i ch\u1eb3ng d\u1eebng, v\u1ecb-lai ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t ba th\u1eddi tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec t\u00e2m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3; n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng”. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tuy qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi li\u00ean-t\u1ee5c t\u1eebng s\u00e1t-na.<\/p>\n

Lo\u1ea1i qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m-ni\u1ec7m n\u1ea7y do s\u00e1u c\u0103n b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, c\u0103n tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i nhau cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ee9c sanh, c\u0103n tr\u1ea7n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec th\u1ee9c h\u1eb3n kh\u00f4ng sanh. Qu\u00e1n sanh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, qu\u00e1n di\u1ec7t c\u0169ng v\u1eady. Danh-t\u1eeb sanh di\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3-l\u1eadp, t\u00e2m sanh-di\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t th\u00ec t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7n-ti\u1ec1n. Tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1ecdng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eady. Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i-Th\u1eeba Kh\u1edfi-T\u00edn ch\u00e9p: “N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m dong-ru\u1ed5i t\u00e1n-lo\u1ea1n, li\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i thu nhi\u1ebfp tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i ch\u00e1nh-ni\u1ec7m. N\u00f3i ch\u00e1nh-ni\u1ec7m, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh; l\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m n\u1ea7y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng, m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c”. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1 t\u00e2m tu-h\u1ecdc, t\u00e2m ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5. N\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 \u00e9p cho n\u00f3 tr\u1ee5, th\u01b0\u1eddng hay ph\u00e1t cu\u1ed3ng. Ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eadp b\u1eafn, t\u1eadp l\u00e2u m\u1edbi b\u1eafn tr\u00fang.<\/p>\n

b) Tu Qu\u00e1n: Qu\u00e1n c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/em><\/p>\n

1) \u0110\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb qu\u00e1n: Nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t-t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i-tr\u1ecb tham d\u1ee5c, qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb-bi \u0111\u1ed1i-tr\u1ecb gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn, qu\u00e1n gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i-tr\u1ecb ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3, qu\u00e1n s\u1ed5-t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i-tr\u1ecb lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng v.v… \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

2) Ch\u00e1nh qu\u00e1n: Qu\u00e1n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u do nh\u00e2n-duy\u00ean sanh; nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1nh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00f5 c\u1ea3nh b\u1ecb qu\u00e1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec t\u00e2m n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n t\u1ef1-nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 l\u00fd n\u1ea7y, xin \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong kinh n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf trong t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea1t l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

2. Tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i-tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea7m, ph\u00f9<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n t\u00e2m m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb, ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u1ee7 g\u1ee5c, khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean tu Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu ph\u00e1 n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu trong khi ng\u1ed3i, t\u00e2m \u1ea5y ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u0103ng x\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean, khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean tu Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u00f3. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1edbng tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9, tr\u1ea7m; nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i d\u00f9ng, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb sai l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

3. T\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n nghi tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, tuy v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m tr\u1ea7m n\u00ean tu Qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, m\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh s\u00e1ng, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p-l\u1ee3i; khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean th\u1eed tu Ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 ch\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu khi tu Ch\u1ec9 li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n t\u00e2m an-t\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi tu Ch\u1ec9, n\u00ean d\u00f9ng Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 an t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, tuy v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m ph\u00f9-\u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00ean tu Ch\u1ec9, m\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng an-tr\u1ee5, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p-l\u1ee3i, n\u00ean th\u1eed tu Qu\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu trong khi Qu\u00e1n li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n t\u00e2m t\u1ec9nh s\u00e1ng, an-\u1ed5n l\u1eb7ng-l\u1ebd, l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tu Qu\u00e1n, li\u1ec1n n\u00ean d\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 an t\u00e2m. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n-nghi tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n kh\u00e9o ch\u1ecdn ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 tu th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n an-\u1ed5n lo\u1ea1n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o d\u1ee9t, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

4. \u0110\u1ed1i-tr\u1ecb t\u1ebf t\u00e2m trong \u0111\u1ecbnh tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00e1 t\u00e2m th\u00f4 lo\u1ea1n, lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t, li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp-\u0111\u1ecbnh; v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m vi-t\u1ebf, n\u00ean c\u1ea3m bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng th\u1ecd s\u1ef1 kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c, ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m ti\u1ec7n-l\u1ee3i ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi, thu nh\u1eadn t\u00e2m t\u1ebf-vi n\u1ea7y, ch\u1ea5p l\u00fd l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c t\u00e0 v\u1ea1y. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i \u1ea5y, \u1eaft sanh tham tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea5p cho l\u00e0 th\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u01b0-d\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt th\u00ec hai th\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o \u00e1i ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu ch\u1ec9. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafm tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1i ki\u1ebfn k\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t, khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean tu Qu\u00e1n. Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m vi-t\u1ebf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m \u1ea5y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p-\u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn th\u00ec \u00e1i ki\u1ebfn nghi\u1ec7p phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t s\u1ea1ch, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i-tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m vi-t\u1ebf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc duy c\u00f3 ph\u00e1 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn vi-t\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

5. Qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh-hu\u1ec7 tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 trong khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n nh\u01a1n tu Ch\u1ec9, ho\u1eb7c nh\u01a1n tu Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Qu\u00e1n-hu\u1ec7, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 si \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebft. Ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n-hu\u1ec7 k\u00e9m \u00edt th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n hu\u1ec7, \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1c ki\u1ebft-s\u1eed, ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n. Khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean tu Qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1 d\u1eb9p th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh-hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n-b\u00ecnh, hay \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebft-s\u1eed v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 trong khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n nh\u01a1n qu\u00e1n, t\u00e2m r\u1ed7ng-rang khai-ng\u1ed9, tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng-su\u1ed1t, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m k\u00e9m \u00edt, n\u00ean t\u00e2m t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfu r\u00f5 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ly sanh-t\u1eed. Khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean tu Ch\u1ec9, do tu Ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n \u0111\u1ec3 trong nh\u00e0 k\u00edn, hay ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i t\u0103m v\u00e0 soi v\u1eadt r\u00f5-r\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i Qu\u00e1n-b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh hu\u1ec7 tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong khi ng\u1ed3i th\u00e2n ngay th\u1eb3ng kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng 5 \u00fd tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n n\u1ea7y, th\u1ee7 hay x\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9o tu Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p, v\u00ec kh\u00e9o tu n\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng lu\u1ed1ng u\u1ed5ng v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

B. Tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n Khi Tr\u1ea3i Duy\u00ean \u0110\u1ed1i C\u1ea3nh<\/strong><\/p>\n

Th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p th\u00f9-th\u1eafng c\u1ea7n-y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n ng\u1ea1i khi th\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp duy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh. N\u1ebfu khi ti\u1ebfp duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu t\u00e2m c\u00f3 gi\u00e1n-\u0111o\u1ea1n, nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p khi x\u00fac-c\u1ea3nh li\u1ec1n sanh kh\u1edfi, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u00f3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u01b0ng v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u tu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y th\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ea1t Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n khi tr\u1ea3i duy\u00ean? – N\u00f3i duy\u00ean c\u00f3 6 th\u1ee9: 1- \u0110i, 2- \u0110\u1ee9ng, 3- Ng\u1ed3i, 4- N\u1eb1m, 5- L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, 6- N\u00f3i n\u0103ng.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n khi \u0111\u1ed1i-c\u1ea3nh? – N\u00f3i c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 6 tr\u1ea7n: 1- M\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1eafc, 2- Tai \u0111\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfng, 3- M\u0169i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00f9i, 4- L\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1ecb, 5- Th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i x\u00fac, 6- \u00dd \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 t\u00f9y trong 12 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 khi tr\u1ea3i duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1ea3i Duy\u00ean Tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. \u0110i:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu khi \u0111i n\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Ta nay v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec mu\u1ed1n \u0111i? N\u1ebfu b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o sai-s\u1eed v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c, v\u00f4-k\u00fd m\u00e0 \u0111i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111i; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o sai-s\u1eed, v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i-\u00edch, \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p th\u00ec n\u00ean \u0111i. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi \u0111i tu Ch\u1ec9? N\u1ebfu khi \u0111i li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v…, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi \u0111i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec t\u00e2m v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 d\u1ee9t, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi \u0111i tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: do t\u00e2m khi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9ng, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1edbi lui, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111i. Nh\u01a1n vi\u1ec7c \u0111i n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o ph\u00e1p-thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v…, li\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m trong khi \u0111i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi \u0111i r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

2. \u0110\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> Khi \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: ta nay v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ee9ng? N\u1ebfu v\u00ec c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng; n\u1ebfu v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u00ec n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tu Ch\u1ec9? N\u1ebfu khi \u0111\u1ee9ng li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft nh\u01a1n \u0111\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec t\u00e2m v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m d\u1ee9t, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Do t\u00e2m khi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n d\u1eebng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng. V\u00ec nh\u01a1n \u0111\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o, ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m trong khi \u0111\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi \u0111\u1ee9ng r\u1ed1t-r\u00e1o, r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

3. Ng\u1ed3i:<\/strong> Khi ng\u1ed3i n\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Ta nay v\u00ec nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n ng\u1ed3i? N\u1ebfu v\u00ec phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd v.v… th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u1ed3i; v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, l\u1ee3i-\u00edch th\u00ec n\u00ean ng\u1ed3i. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi ng\u1ed3i tu Ch\u1ec9? N\u1ebfu khi ng\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u01a1n ng\u1ed3i n\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… m\u00e0 th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1ecdng-ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng sanh, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi ng\u1ed3i tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Do t\u00e2m ngh\u1ec9 n\u00ean x\u1ebfp ch\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i. Ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i t\u00e2m trong khi ng\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi ng\u1ed3i r\u1ed1t-r\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

4. N\u1eb1m:<\/strong> Khi n\u1eb1m n\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Ta nay v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n n\u1eb1m? N\u1ebfu v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0nh, ph\u00f3ng-t\u00fang v.v… th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u1eb1m; n\u1ebfu v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 n\u1eb1m th\u00ec n\u00ean n\u1eb1m nh\u01b0 S\u01b0-t\u1eed n\u1eb1m. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi n\u1eb1m tu Ch\u1ec9? N\u1ebfu khi n\u1eb1m ng\u1ee7, ngh\u1ec9, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u00ec nh\u01a1n n\u1eb1m m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c… nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi n\u1eb1m tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Do s\u1ef1 nh\u1ecdc-nh\u1eb1n n\u00ean sanh m\u1edd-m\u1ecbt, bu\u00f4ng lung s\u00e1u t\u00ecnh, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… li\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m trong khi n\u1eb1m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb1m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi n\u1eb1m r\u1ed1t-r\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

5. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: Ta nay v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? N\u1ebfu v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, v\u00f4 k\u00fd v.v… th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m; n\u1ebfu v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, l\u1ee3i-\u00edch th\u00ec n\u00ean l\u00e0m. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tu Ch\u1ec9? N\u1ebfu khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u00ec nh\u01a1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v…, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u1ecdng-ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Do t\u00e2m khi\u1ebfn th\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, nay m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o-t\u00e1c c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi l\u00e0m r\u1ed1t-r\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

6. N\u00f3i n\u0103ng:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu khi n\u00f3i l\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Ta nay v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i? N\u1ebfu t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c, v\u00f4 k\u00fd v.v… th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i; n\u1ebfu v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n, l\u1ee3i-\u00edch th\u00ec n\u00ean n\u00f3i. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi n\u00f3i tu Ch\u1ec9? N\u1ebfu khi n\u00f3i li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft b\u1edfi nh\u01a1n l\u1eddi n\u00f3i n\u1ea7y m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o, ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… trong khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec t\u00e2m v\u1ecdng-ni\u1ec7m li\u1ec1n d\u1ee9t, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi n\u00f3i tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Do t\u00e2m x\u00e9t ngh\u0129 k\u00edch-\u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf x\u00f4ng l\u00ean c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng, m\u00f4i, l\u01b0\u1ee1i, r\u0103ng, \u1ed5 g\u00e0, cho n\u00ean xu\u1ea5t ra nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i. B\u1edfi nh\u01a1n ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i n\u1ea7y, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u00f3i. Ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m trong khi n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p trong khi n\u00f3i r\u1ed1t-r\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf l\u00ean 6 ngh\u0129a tu-t\u1eadp Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n t\u00f9y th\u1eddi th\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng, m\u1ed7i ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00fd tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a 5 ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i C\u1ea3nh Tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. Khi m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> T\u00f9y khi th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc, t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 tr\u0103ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng tham \u00e1i, th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1ng gh\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng sanh t\u00e2m gi\u1eadn gh\u00e9t, th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau, kh\u00f4ng gh\u00e9t, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi si-m\u00ea v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 khi m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y, t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng-t\u1ecbch. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec \u1edf trong c\u0103n, tr\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng, minh kia, do nh\u00e2n-duy\u00ean h\u00f2a-hi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi sanh nh\u00e3n-th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebf sanh \u00fd-th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o, thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… Ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1eafc \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft th\u1ea5y s\u1eafc v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u-k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

2. Khi tai nghe ti\u1ebfng tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> T\u00f9y khi nghe ti\u1ebfng, n\u00ean x\u00e9t ti\u1ebfng, nh\u01b0 \u00e2m vang. N\u1ebfu nghe ti\u1ebfng \u00eam tai th\u00edch \u00fd, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng y\u00eau m\u1ebfn, nghe ti\u1ebfng tr\u00e1i tai ngh\u1ecbch \u00fd kh\u00f4ng sanh t\u00e2m gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn, nghe ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi nghe ti\u1ebfng tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng nghe, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c c\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 do c\u0103n, tr\u1ea7n h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p sanh nh\u0129 th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebf sanh \u00fd-th\u1ee9c g\u1eafng kh\u1edfi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o, thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v…, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghe ti\u1ebfng. Ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m nghe ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft nghe ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

3. Khi m\u0169i ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n: <\/strong>T\u00f9y khi m\u0169i ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i, bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 h\u01a1i nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i th\u01a1m th\u00edch \u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng \u0111am m\u00ea, ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i h\u00f4i tr\u00e1i \u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m gh\u00e9t gi\u1eadn, ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i th\u01a1m, kh\u00f4ng h\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng sanh lo\u1ea1n ni\u1ec7m, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i tu Qu\u00e1n? Ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: ta nay ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i tu Qu\u00e1n? Ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: ta nay ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i n\u00f3 h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec c\u0103n tr\u1ea7n h\u00f2a-h\u1ee3p sanh t\u1ef7 th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebf sanh \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f9i, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o, thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v…, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i . Ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u-k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

4. Khi l\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> T\u00f9y l\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u1ebfm li\u1ec1n ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee9c \u0103n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb ngon kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng tham \u0111\u1eafm, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb d\u1edf kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m gi\u1eadn gh\u00e9t, v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ngon, kh\u00f4ng d\u1edf ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi \u00fd ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong khi l\u01b0\u1ee1i n\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean x\u00e9t th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: Ta nay n\u1ebfm c\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec s\u00e1u v\u1ecb trong, ngo\u00e0i t\u00e1nh n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01a1n h\u00f2a-hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t c\u0103n b\u00ean trong m\u00e0 sanh thi\u1ec7t-th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebf sanh sanh \u00fd-th\u1ee9c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ecb, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o, thi\u1ec7n, \u00e1c v.v… Ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean v\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ebfm v\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u-k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng-t\u1ecbch, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

5. Khi th\u00e2n x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> Tuy khi x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng huy\u1ec5n h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, n\u1ebfu x\u00fac c\u00e1i vui th\u00edch \u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi tham tr\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u00e1i kh\u1ed5 tr\u00e1i \u00fd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m gh\u00e9t gi\u1eadn, x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng vui, kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ed5 ch\u1eb3ng kh\u1edfi nh\u1edb t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o khi x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m tu Qu\u00e1n? N\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y: Ch\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i nh\u1eb9, n\u1eb7ng, l\u1ea1nh, n\u00f3ng, tr\u01a1n, nh\u00e1m, v.v…, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u00fac; \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00ecnh s\u00e1u ph\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00e2n; t\u00e1nh x\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0 gi\u1ea3, th\u00e2n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7t, do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p li\u1ec1n sanh th\u00e2n th\u1ee9c, k\u1ebf sanh \u00fd th\u1ee9c nh\u1edb t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u1ed5, vui v.v…, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u00fac. Ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m duy\u00ean x\u00fac n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u-k\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tu qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

6. Trong khi \u00fd bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n:<\/strong> Nh\u01b0 trong \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ea1y s\u01a1 t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5. T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc y s\u00e1u c\u0103n tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n, t\u00f9y \u00fd th\u00edch d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m \u00fd \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u1ed9ng, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i. H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu hay trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed7: \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, ng\u1ed3i, n\u1eb1m, th\u1ea5y, nghe, hi\u1ec3u, bi\u1ebft, v.v…, m\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt tu theo \u0110\u1ea1i-Th\u1eeba. Nh\u01b0 kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ch\u00e9p: “Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng Tu-B\u1ed3-\u0110\u1ec1: N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t khi \u0111i th\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u0111i, khi ng\u1ed3i th\u00ec bi\u1ebft ng\u1ed3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eb7c y T\u0103ng-gi\u00e0-l\u00ea, nh\u00ecn, ch\u1ee3p m\u1eaft… \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m, ra v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u trong thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1i-Th\u1eeba”.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ed7 tu h\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ea1i-Th\u1eeba, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y \u1edf th\u1ebf-gian l\u00e0 b\u1eadc t\u1ed1i th\u1eafng, t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai b\u00ec k\u1ecbp. Trong B\u1ed9-Th\u00edch-Lu\u1eadn, b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

Y\u00ean ng\u1ed3i trong r\u1eebng v\u1eafng,<\/p>\n

L\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c \u00e1c,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ea1m b\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m,<\/p>\n

Vui \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1eddi kh\u00f3 b\u00ec.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf-gian,<\/p>\n

Gi\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ec7m, \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb9p,<\/p>\n

Vui v\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng an \u1ed5n,<\/p>\n

C\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1n nh\u00e0m.<\/p>\n

\u00c1o nhu\u1ed9m \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng t\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ee9t,<\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng,<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1n th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n

Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u do qu\u00e1n nh\u1eadp,<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m gi\u1ea3i hu\u1ec7 l\u00f3ng l\u1eb7ng,<\/p>\n

Ba c\u00f5i kh\u00f4n so k\u00e8.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

VII. T\u01b0\u1edbng Thi\u1ec7n C\u0103n Khai Ph\u00e1t<\/h3>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu hay t\u1eeb Gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1n Trung, tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec trong khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n th\u00e2n t\u00e2m s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t. Khi \u1ea5y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5. Nay l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i T\u01b0\u1edbng-Thi\u1ec7n-C\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

A. T\u01b0\u1edbng Thi\u1ec7n C\u0103n Khai Ph\u00e1t B\u00ean Ngo\u00e0i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n khai ph\u00e1t nh\u01b0: b\u1ed1-th\u00ed, tr\u00ec-gi\u1edbi, \u1edf hi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadn cha m\u1eb9, t\u00f4n tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng Tam-B\u1ea3o v\u00e0 nghe kinh, h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o v.v… N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tu h\u00e0nh ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ma c\u1ea3nh chen v\u00e0o. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

B. T\u01b0\u1edbng Thi\u1ec7n C\u0103n Khai Ph\u00e1t B\u00ean Trong<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t. C\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t c\u00f3 ba \u00fd:<\/p>\n

1. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng Thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a) T\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t: H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 v\u00ec kh\u00e9o tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n n\u00ean th\u00e2n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, v\u1ecdng-ni\u1ec7m d\u1eebng b\u1eb7t, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh D\u1ee5c-gi\u1edbi V\u1ecb-\u0111\u00e1o-\u0111\u1ecba, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd r\u1ed7ng rang, \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m an \u1ed5n. \u1ede trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng-m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n t\u00e2m. V\u1ec1 sau, ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t phen ng\u1ed3i, hai phen ng\u1ed3i, nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, hai ng\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, hai th\u00e1ng l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1eafc th\u1eafc hay lui s\u1ee5t. Ch\u00ednh \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee3t bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u00e1m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea3m-gi\u00e1c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m-gi\u00e1c th\u00e2n \u0111au, ng\u1ee9a, l\u1ea1nh, \u1ea5m, nh\u1eb9, n\u1eb7ng, nh\u00e1m, tr\u01a1n. Trong khi c\u1ea3m-gi\u00e1c th\u00e2n t\u00e2m an-\u0111\u1ecbnh, r\u1ed7ng rang th\u01b0 th\u1edbi, vui-v\u1ebb thanh-t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec s\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng “S\u1ed5-t\u1ee9c Thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0103n-b\u1ea3n thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”. H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh D\u1ee5c-gi\u1edbi v\u1ecb-\u0111\u00e1o-\u0111\u1ecba tho\u1ea1t-nhi\u00ean bi\u1ebft h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra, v\u00e0o, d\u00e0i, ng\u1eafn, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng kh\u1eafp th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed1ng h\u1edf. D\u00f9ng t\u00e2m nh\u00e3n th\u1ea5y c\u1ea3 36 v\u1eadt \u1edf trong th\u00e2n, nh\u01b0 m\u1edf c\u1eeda kho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eadu, m\u00e8 v.v…, t\u00e2m s\u1ee3, m\u1eebng, v\u1eafng-l\u1eb7ng, an vui. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng “T\u00f9y t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eb1ng hi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”.<\/p>\n

b) T\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh quan thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t: H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh D\u1ee5c-gi\u1edbi v\u1ecb-\u0111\u00e1o-\u0111\u1ecba, \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea7y th\u00e2n t\u00e2m r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, tho\u1ea1t nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam, n\u1eef ch\u1ebft; ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t s\u00ecnh, n\u1ee9c n\u1edf, v\u00f4i t\u1eeda, m\u00e1u m\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u01a1m ra, th\u1ea5y x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng b\u1eeba b\u00e3i, trong t\u00e2m sanh bu\u1ed3n, m\u1eebng, nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n s\u1ef1 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng “C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”. Ho\u1eb7c \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng ch\u1ee3t th\u1ea5y b\u00ean trong th\u00e2n nh\u1edbp nh\u00faa, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00e2n s\u00ecnh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t, th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n t\u1eebng l\u00f3ng g\u00e1 nhau. Th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m an-\u1ed5n t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd v\u00f4-th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00e1n nh\u00e0m ng\u0169-d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e3, nh\u01a1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng “B\u1ed9i X\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”. Ho\u1eb7c trong khi \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m th\u1ea5y trong th\u00e2n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 lo\u00e0i phi c\u1ea7m t\u1ea9u th\u00fa, \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1eb7c, th\u1ee9c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, ph\u00f2ng nh\u00e0, r\u1eebng n\u00fai th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng “\u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ea5t T\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”.<\/p>\n

c) T\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t: H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh D\u1ee5c-gi\u1edbi v\u1ecb-\u0111\u00e1o-\u0111\u1ecba, \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea7y tho\u1ea1t-nhi\u00ean ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u1edb t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u00fang-sanh. Ho\u1eb7c vin n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng an vui li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t th\u00e2m-\u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m vui v\u1ebb thanh-t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00ed-d\u1ee5. Ho\u1eb7c vin n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng s\u01a1, k\u1ebb o\u00e1n th\u00f9, nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang-sanh trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Sau khi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m v\u00e3n vui-v\u1ebb th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t c\u0169ng h\u00f2a nh\u00e3. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng “T\u1eeb t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”. T\u01b0\u1edbng Bi t\u00e2m, H\u1ef7 t\u00e2m, X\u1ea3 t\u00e2m khai ph\u00e1t, so c\u00e1i n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

d) T\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean qu\u00e1n thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t: H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 nh\u01a1n tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh D\u1ee5c-gi\u1edbi v\u1ecb-\u0111\u00e1o-\u0111\u1ecba th\u00e2n t\u00e2m an-t\u1ecbnh. Tho\u1ea1t nhi\u00ean t\u00e2m sanh gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, suy t\u1ea7m c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean: v\u00f4 minh, h\u00e0nh v.v… trong ba \u0111\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e2n, ng\u00e3, l\u00eca \u0111o\u1ea1n-ki\u1ebfn, th\u01b0\u1eddng-ki\u1ebfn, ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5p ki\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\ue8cd \u0111\u1ecbnh an \u1ed5n, gi\u1ea3i hu\u1ec7 khai ph\u00e1t, t\u00e2m sanh ph\u00e1p-h\u1ef7, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf-gian, nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn trong ng\u0169 \u1ea5m, th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb-x\u1ee9, th\u1ea5p b\u00e1t-gi\u1edbi ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng “Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean qu\u00e1n thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”.<\/p>\n

e) T\u01b0\u1edbng ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t: H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nh\u01a1n tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh D\u1ee5c-gi\u1edbi v\u1ecb-\u0111\u00e1o-\u0111\u1ecba th\u00e2n t\u00e2m r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng. Tho\u1ea1t nhi\u00ean ngh\u0129 nh\u1edb ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u01b0\u1edbng-h\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n; c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p th\u1eadp-l\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb-v\u00f4-s\u1edf-\u00fay, th\u1eadp-b\u00e1t-b\u1ea5t-c\u1ed9ng, tam-mu\u1ed9i, gi\u1ea3i-tho\u00e1t v.v… kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n; c\u00f3 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, bi\u1ebfn-h\u00f3a, thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i, l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang-sanh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n; nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ee9c v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n. Khi kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n sanh t\u00e2m k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn, tam-mu\u1ed9i khai ph\u00e1t, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m kho\u00e1i-l\u1ea1c, thanh-t\u1ecbnh an-\u1ed5n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u00e1c. Sau khi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ee9c cao v\u1ecdi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau k\u00ednh. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng “ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t”.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, h\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 nh\u01a1n tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e2n t\u00e2m l\u00f3ng s\u1ea1ch, ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4-th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3, b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n s\u1ef1 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh \u1edf th\u1ebf gian, t\u01b0\u1edfng khi ch\u1ebft l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, ni\u1ec7m Ph\u00e1p, ni\u1ec7m T\u0103ng, ni\u1ec7m gi\u1edbi, ni\u1ec7m x\u1ea3, ni\u1ec7m thi\u00ean, ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9, ch\u00e1nh-c\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0-\u00fd, ng\u0169-c\u0103n, ng\u0169-l\u1ef1c, th\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c-chi, b\u00e1t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4-t\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u00f4 t\u00e1c, l\u1ee5c-\u0111\u1ed9, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 ba-la-m\u1eadt, th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v.v…, t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, trong \u1ea5y n\u00ean r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Cho n\u00ean trong kinh n\u00f3i: “Gi\u1eef t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng xong”.<\/p>\n

2. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u01a1n ng\u1ee5y<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a) Bi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec1n t\u00e0-ng\u1ee5y ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu khi ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 Thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p t\u00f9y nh\u01a1n hi\u1ec7n ra: Ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n xao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb v\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111\u00e8 l\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n bay, ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c, ho\u1eb7c xi\u00eau v\u1eb9o ng\u0169 m\u00ea, ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1nh, r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y bao nhi\u00eau c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1, ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m m\u1edd-m\u1ecbt, ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1eef, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1edb c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1p nh\u1ea1p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m t\u00e1n-lo\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c vui m\u1eebng lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c bu\u1ed3n-b\u00e3 lo r\u1ea7u, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 d\u1eef ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o r\u1ee3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00f2ng d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t vui khi\u1ebfn say m\u00ea. Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 t\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e0-ng\u1ee5y.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ea7y, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ea th\u00edch t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng 95 th\u1ee9 qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u01b0ng, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0a m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng. Ho\u1eb7c khi c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu thi\u1ec1n \u01b0a th\u00edch li\u1ec1n gi\u00fap th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e0 tr\u00ed, bi\u1ec7n-t\u00e0i, th\u1ea7n-th\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u00ea l\u1ea7m xao-\u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf-gian. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ngu tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y cho l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3, th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u tin ph\u1ee5c; k\u1ef3 th\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia trong t\u00e2m \u0111i\u00ean-\u0111\u1ea3o, chuy\u00ean h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p qu\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u00ea lo\u1ea1n th\u1ebf gian. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y khi ch\u1ebft h\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p Ph\u1eadt, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecda trong c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu khi ng\u1ed3i ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh theo ph\u00e1p \u00e1c t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecba-ng\u1ee5c. H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 khi tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0-ng\u1ee5y n\u1ea7y li\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3? – Ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i, ch\u00e1nh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm tr\u01b0\u1edbc li\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t; n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ch\u00e1nh qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1 n\u00f3 t\u1ee9c th\u00ec d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n

b) Bi\u1ec7n-t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec1n ch\u00e2n-ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n: H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu trong khi ng\u1ed3i ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0-ng\u1ee5y nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, t\u00f9y m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u01b0ng; s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, thanh-t\u1ecbnh, trong t\u00e2m vui m\u1eebng, l\u1eb7ng-l\u1ebd kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 che \u0111\u1eady, thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m khai ph\u00e1t, l\u00f2ng tin k\u00ednh t\u0103ng-tr\u01b0\u1edfng, tr\u00ed soi x\u00e9t ph\u00e2n-minh, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m \u00eam d\u1ecbu, tinh-t\u1ebf r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n th\u1ebf-gian, kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1c-\u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng tham mu\u1ed1n, ra v\u00e0o t\u1ef1-t\u1ea1i, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e1nh thi\u1ec1n khai ph\u00e1t. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00e1c th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb lo phi\u1ec1n, n\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec h\u1eb1ng g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1t, ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng hai th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n t\u00e0, ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

c) Kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n nu\u00f4i l\u1edbn c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n: N\u1ebfu trong khi ng\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n-c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t n\u00ean d\u00f9ng hai ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n ti\u1ebfn tu, khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 t\u0103ng-tr\u01b0\u1edfng. N\u1ebfu n\u00ean d\u00f9ng Ch\u1ec9 th\u00ec l\u1ea5y Ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 tu, n\u1ebfu n\u00ean d\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n th\u00ec l\u1ea5y Qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 tu. Ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ee7, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea1i-\u00fd.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

VIII. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft Ma S\u1ef1<\/h3>\n

Ti\u1ebfng Ph\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ma-la (Mara), \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 S\u00e1t. N\u00f3 c\u01b0\u1edbp c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu-h\u00e0nh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u00e1c ma. S\u1ef1 l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y c\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ee9c tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t ch\u00fang-sanh v\u00e0o Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt-s\u1ef1; th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1-ho\u1ea1i c\u0103n l\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang-sanh khi\u1ebfn l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n trong v\u00f2ng sanh-t\u1eed l\u00e0 Ma-s\u1ef1. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e9o an t\u00e2m trong ch\u00e1nh-\u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e0ng cao, ma c\u00e0ng th\u1ea1nh. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft Ma-s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

1- Ma phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n

2- Ma \u1ea5m, nh\u1eadp, gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

3- Ma ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

4- Ma qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

Ba lo\u1ea1i ma tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf th\u1ebf-gian v\u00e0 t\u00f9y t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh ra, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i tr\u1eeb n\u00f3, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t. T\u01b0\u1edbng ma qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra. Qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ba lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

a) Ma Tinh-m\u1ecb: L\u00e0 lo\u00e0i th\u00fa theo 12 gi\u1edd, n\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn-h\u00f3a l\u00e0m c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc. Ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3 h\u00f3a ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu-n\u1eef, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 nua, nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00edt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu-h\u00e0nh. C\u00e1c lo\u00e0i Tinh-m\u1ecb n\u1ea7y n\u00e3o h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu, m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn theo gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00e0nh r\u00f5. N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd D\u1ea7n (3 gi\u1edd – 5 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i c\u1ecdp v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd M\u1eb9o (5 gi\u1edd – 7 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i th\u1ecf, nai v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd Th\u00ecn (7 gi\u1edd – 9 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i r\u1ed3ng, tr\u1ea1nh v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd Ty\uf8289 gi\u1edd – 11 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i r\u1eafn, tr\u0103n v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd Ng\u1ecd (11 gi\u1edd – 1 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i ng\u1ef1a, l\u1eeba, l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0 v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd M\u00f9i (1 gi\u1edd – 3 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i d\u00ea v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd Th\u00e2n (3 gi\u1edd – 5 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i kh\u1ec9, v\u01b0\u1ee3n v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd D\u1eadu (5 gi\u1edd – 7 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i g\u00e0, chim v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd Tu\u1ea5t (7 gi\u1edd – 9 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i ch\u00f3, ch\u00f3 s\u00f3i v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd H\u1ee3i (9 gi\u1edd – 11 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i l\u1ee3n v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd T\u00fd (11 gi\u1edd – 1 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i chu\u1ed9t v.v… N\u1ebfu gi\u1edd S\u1eedu (1 gi\u1edd – 3 gi\u1edd) \u0111\u1ebfn, \u1eaft lo\u00e0i tr\u00e2u v.v… H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn, t\u1ee9c bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i tinh th\u00fa \u1ea5y, k\u00eau t\u00ean n\u00f3 m\u00e0 qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch li\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

b) Ma \u0110\u00f4i-d\u1ecbch: N\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c x\u00fac ch\u1ea1m n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh. Ho\u1eb7c h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 con s\u00e2u, con m\u1ecdt b\u00f2 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u, m\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f9i, ch\u00edch, ch\u1edbp nh\u00e1n; ho\u1eb7c b\u01b0\u01a1i, v\u1ea1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi hai n\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi; ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee3t \u00f4m ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi; ho\u1eb7c k\u00eau vang l\u00ean l\u00e0m \u1ed3n h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u00fa r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1ea1. Khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu li\u1ec1n n\u00ean nh\u1ee9t t\u00e2m nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft l\u1ea1i, th\u1ea7m m\u1eafng n\u00f3 th\u1ebf n\u1ea7y: “Ta nay \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u01a1i, ng\u01b0\u01a1i l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i qu\u1ec9 Th\u00e2u-l\u1ea1p-ki\u1ebft-chi t\u00e0-ki\u1ebfn \u01b0a ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i \u0103n l\u1eefa trong c\u00f5i Di\u00eam-ph\u00f9-\u0111\u1ec1, ta nay gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u01a1i”. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t-gia n\u00ean t\u1ee5ng Gi\u1edbi b\u1ed5n, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i-gia n\u00ean t\u1ee5ng tam-qui, ng\u0169-gi\u1edbi v.v… th\u00ec b\u1ecdn qu\u1ec9 n\u1ea7y kh\u00fam-r\u00fam r\u00fat lui. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb, \u1edf trong kinh thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

c) Ma n\u1ea3o: B\u1ecdn ma n\u1ea7y hay h\u00f3a l\u00e0m ba th\u1ee9 c\u1ea3nh-t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u0169-tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1 thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

1) H\u00f3a c\u1ea3nh ngh\u1ecbch \u00fd: Nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a c\u1ecdp, s\u00f3i, s\u01b0-t\u1eed, nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3, l\u00e0 ng\u0169-tr\u1ea7n gh\u00ea s\u1ee3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i khinh kh\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n

2) H\u00f3a c\u1ea3nh thu\u1eadn \u00fd: Nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a h\u00ecnh-t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cha m\u1eb9, anh em, ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 nam, n\u1eef \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau, l\u00e0 ng\u0169-tr\u1ea7n y\u00eau th\u00edch khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi sanh t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafm m\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

3) H\u00f3a c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ecbch: L\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh ng\u0169-tr\u1ea7n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu-h\u00e0nh khi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, ma g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “S\u00e1t”, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “M\u0169i t\u00ean hoa”, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 “n\u0103m m\u0169i t\u00ean”; v\u00ec n\u00f3 b\u1eafn v\u00e0o n\u0103m gi\u00e1c quan c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Gi\u1eefa v\u1eadt-ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 tinh-th\u1ea7n n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra bao nhi\u00eau c\u1ea3nh-gi\u1edbi l\u00e0m m\u00ea-l\u1ea7m n\u00e3o-lo\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ma. Ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u00e2m-thinh: hay, d\u1edf; nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00f9i: th\u01a1m, h\u00f4i; t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 v\u1ecb: ng\u1ecdt, \u0111\u1eafng, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh-gi\u1edbi: kh\u1ed5, vui, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m x\u00fac-n\u00e3o th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ma, t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 h\u1ebft. T\u00f3m ph\u1ea7n tr\u1ecdng-y\u1ebfu, n\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 ng\u0169-tr\u1ea7n l\u00e0m n\u00e3o-lo\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, khi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh, kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n-n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ma-qu\u00e2n. Do n\u00f3 hay ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i t\u00ednh b\u00ecnh-\u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p, kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o: tham-d\u1ee5c, lo bu\u1ed3n, gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn, ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea v.v… Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong Kinh ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n

D\u1ee5c ma qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ee9t,<\/p>\n

\u01afu s\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 hai,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3i kh\u00e1t qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ba,<\/p>\n

M\u1ebfn y\u00eau l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0,<\/p>\n

Ng\u1ee7 m\u00ea qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m,<\/p>\n

Kinh s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u,<\/p>\n

Nghi h\u1ed1i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y,<\/p>\n

Gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m,<\/p>\n

M\u00ea danh-l\u1ee3i th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn,<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e3-m\u1ea1n l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eafm ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t-gia.<\/p>\n

Ta l\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n tr\u00ed<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e1 d\u1eb9p c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n ma,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o r\u1ed3i,<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c ma, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00f3 hai:<\/p>\n

1. Tu ch\u1ec9 \u0111u\u1ed5i:<\/strong> Ph\u00e0m th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh ma b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng lo, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3 hay v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, d\u1ee9t t\u00e2m l\u1eb7ng y\u00ean th\u00ec ma t\u1ef1 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

2. Tu qu\u00e1n \u0111u\u1ed5i<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh ma nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, d\u00f9ng Ch\u1ec9 \u0111u\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng \u0111i, ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m n\u0103ng ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ch\u1ed7 n\u01a1i th\u00ec b\u1ecdn ma kia ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n? Khi qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ma li\u1ec1n di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e1nh t\u00e2m, ch\u1edb sanh t\u01b0\u1edfng kinh s\u1ee3, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng, ch\u00e1nh-ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, bi\u1ebft tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n t\u00e1nh ch\u00e2n-nh\u01b0 ma-gi\u1edbi t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt-gi\u1edbi; n\u1ebfu ma-gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt-gi\u1edbi th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng hai; r\u00f5 bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec ma-gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3, Ph\u1eadt-gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee7, Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n, ma c\u1ea3nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y ma c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo, n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u0169ng ch\u1edb sanh m\u1eebng. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? – V\u00ec ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n th\u1ea5y ma h\u00f3a l\u00e0m c\u1ecdp, s\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0103n th\u1ecbt, c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y ma h\u00f3a l\u00e0 nam, n\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft l\u00e0m v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng, ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 l\u00e0 huy\u1ec3n-h\u00f3a. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 t\u00e2m sanh kinh s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi l\u00f2ng tham \u0111\u1eafm, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u00e2m lo\u1ea1n, m\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 sanh cu\u1ed3ng, t\u1ef1 chu\u1ed1c l\u1ea5y h\u1ecda ho\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 th\u1ecd h\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i ma g\u00e2y n\u00ean. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ma c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0m n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu, ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 n\u0103m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i, ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111oan t\u00e2m ch\u00e1nh-ni\u1ec7m cho ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1edb \u00f4m l\u00f2ng lo s\u1ee3, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kinh \u0110\u1ea1i-th\u1eeba, Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-\u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 Th\u1ea7n-ch\u00fa tr\u1ecb ma, th\u1ea7m t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng nh\u1edb Tam-b\u1ea3o. N\u1ebfu khi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ee5ng ch\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, h\u1ed5-th\u1eb9n v\u00e0 t\u1ee5ng gi\u1edbi-lu\u1eadt, t\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng can ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e1nh, l\u00e2u l\u00e2u n\u00f3 t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t. Ma-s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01a1 t\u00e2m tu-h\u00e0nh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n g\u0169i thi\u1ec7n-tri-th\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nan nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ma nh\u1eadp t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n cu\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c m\u1eebng, ho\u1eb7c lo, nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft. Ho\u1eb7c khi ma cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n-\u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7, th\u1ea7n-th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e0-la-ni, thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5c, v\u1ec1 sau ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t-th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ch\u00e1nh-ph\u00e1p. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c ma nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i sai bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft. Nay l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu trong l\u00fac t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea7m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh-gi\u1edbi ma.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n d\u1eb9p t\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1n th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, kh\u00e9o tu Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i t\u00e0 n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cho n\u00ean trong Kinh Lu\u1eadn ch\u00e9p: “Tr\u1eeb th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, k\u1ef3 d\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ma-s\u1ef1”. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t nh\u1edb t\u01b0\u1edfng,<\/p>\n

T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ma,<\/p>\n

Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t,<\/p>\n

\u1ea4y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

IX. Tr\u1ecb B\u1ec7nh<\/h3>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m tu h\u00e0nh, ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 v\u00ec d\u00f9ng qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m, qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ec7nh c\u0169 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi. Ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a ba vi\u1ec7c – th\u00e2n, t\u00e2m, h\u01a1i th\u1edf – trong, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 sai si\u1ec3n, cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh-ho\u1ea1n. Ph\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n n\u1ebfu kh\u00e9o d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m th\u00ec 404 b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m sai si\u1ec3n th\u00ec 404 b\u1ec7nh nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sanh. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, n\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 tu hay d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft g\u1ed1c b\u1ec7nh, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh trong l\u00fac t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n. M\u1ed9t phen ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 tu-h\u00e0nh, c\u00f2n lo m\u1ea5t m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Nay n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 hai \u00fd:<\/p>\n

1.- T\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n

2.- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

1. T\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tuy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n

a) T\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec7nh do t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m: N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea1i t\u0103ng th\u00ec m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh th\u1ee7ng ki\u1ebft tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4 g\u1ea7y, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf 101 b\u1ec7nh sanh. N\u1ebfu th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ea1i t\u0103ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e0m \u1ea5m d\u1eaby \u0111\u1ea7y, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau, \u0111au b\u1ee5ng, h\u1ea1 h\u01a1i v.v… 101 b\u1ec7nh sanh. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ea1i t\u0103ng th\u00ec ch\u1ee3t l\u1ea1nh, ch\u1ee3t n\u00f3ng to\u00e0n th\u00e2n \u0111au nh\u1ee9c, h\u00f4i mi\u1ec7ng, \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng v.v… 101 b\u1ec7nh sanh. N\u1ebfu phong \u0111\u1ea1i t\u0103ng th\u00ec th\u00e2n-th\u1ec3 l\u01a1 l\u1eedng tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, l\u0103n l\u1ed9n \u0111au nh\u1ee9c, ph\u1ed5i \u01b0ng th\u1edf g\u1ea5p, \u1ee5a m\u1eeda m\u1ec7t l\u1ea3, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v.v… 101 b\u1ec7nh sanh. Cho n\u00ean trong Kinh n\u00f3i: “M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a th\u00ec 404 b\u1ec7nh sanh, t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a th\u00ec 404 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi”. T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ch\u00ednh trong khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 trong khi m\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t cho r\u00f5.<\/p>\n

b) T\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u0169-t\u1ea1ng sanh b\u1ec7nh: T\u1eeb tim sanh b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec th\u00e2n-th\u1ec3 n\u00f3ng, l\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ee9t, mi\u1ec7ng kh\u00f4 v.v…, v\u00ec tim l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec7ng. T\u1eeb ph\u1ed5i sanh b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 m\u1eadp ph\u00f9, t\u1ee9 chi m\u1ecfi m\u00ea, m\u0169i ngh\u1eb9t v.v…, v\u00ec ph\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 m\u0169i. T\u1eeb gan sanh b\u1ec7nh trong l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng vui, bu\u1ed3n r\u1ea7u, th\u01b0\u01a1ng lo, gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn, \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1ee9c, m\u1eaft m\u1edd v.v…, v\u00ec gan ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 con m\u1eaft. T\u1eeb l\u00e1 l\u00e1ch sanh b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec th\u00e2n-th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u1ed5i phong kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3, ng\u1ee9a ng\u00e1y \u0111au nh\u1ee9c, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng ngon v.v…, v\u00ec l\u00e1 l\u00e1ch ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u1edfi. T\u1eeb tr\u00e1i c\u1eadt sanh b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec \u1edf c\u1ed5 sanh n\u1ea5c-c\u1ee5c, b\u1ee5ng no, l\u1ed7 tai b\u00f9ng v.v…, v\u00ec tr\u00e1i c\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 tai. N\u0103m t\u1ea1ng sanh b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t trong khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9ng th\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nguy\u00ean-nh\u00e2n sanh b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u1ee9-\u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u0169-t\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t, t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft. H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n tu ph\u00e1p-m\u00f4n Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ly sanh-t\u1eed, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean-nh\u00e2n sanh b\u1ec7nh. Hai th\u1ee9 b\u1ec7nh n\u1ea7y nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n chung l\u00e0 do trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ho\u1eb7c do d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, qu\u00e1n h\u1ea1nh sai l\u1ea1c, ho\u1eb7c do khi ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t sanh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft gi\u1eef g\u00ecn \u0111\u1ebfn khi\u1ebfn t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u0169 t\u1ea1ng sanh b\u1ec7nh, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ec7nh do b\u00ean trong ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 nh\u01a1n-duy\u00ean khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n

1.- T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i, ng\u0169 t\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng gi\u1ea3m khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n

2.- Qu\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n g\u00e2y n\u00ean khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

3.- Nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u1edbi m\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i s\u1edbm tr\u1ecb r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 qua th\u1eddi-gian l\u00e2u b\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c, th\u00e2n g\u1ea7y b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

2. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ecbnh<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean-nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh, c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng Ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh? – C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i: “Ph\u1ea3i an t\u00e2m ng\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 b\u1ec7nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0nh. T\u1ea1i sao? V\u00ec t\u00e2m l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi-k\u1ef3, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 vua \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o th\u00ec b\u1ecdn tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec1u tan s\u1ea1ch”. L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y b\u1ea3o: “D\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u01a1n-\u0111i\u1ec1n, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0ng t\u00e2m t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1eddi-gian l\u00e2u \u0111a s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ee9t”. C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y b\u1ea3o: “Th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0ng t\u00e2m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n, b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng hay n\u1eb1m ngh\u1ec9 li\u1ec1n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? – V\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi do t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a cho n\u00ean sanh c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c duy\u00ean l\u00ean tr\u00ean khi\u1ebfn t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u-h\u00f2a. N\u1ebfu an t\u00e2m \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00ec t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh”.<\/p>\n

D\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i: D\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m-t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e1u th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf? Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: suy, h\u00f4, hy, ha, h\u01b0, h\u1ee9. S\u00e1u th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u do trong l\u01b0\u1ee1i, mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m-t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eb9. B\u00e0i t\u1ee5ng ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Ha, th\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c Suy.<\/p>\n

T\u1ef3 H\u00f4, ph\u1ed5i H\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

Gan v\u00e0 t\u1ea1ng nhi\u1ec7t do ch\u1eef H\u01b0.<\/p>\n

Tam ti\u00eau ng\u0103n tr\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i Hy.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i: N\u1ebfu kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n 12 th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf th\u00ec tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh. 12 th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf:<\/p>\n

1- H\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

2- H\u01a1i th\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

3- H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7y.<\/p>\n

4- H\u01a1i th\u1edf ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n

5- H\u01a1i th\u1edf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n

6- H\u01a1i th\u1edf di\u1ec7t-ho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

7- H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u1ea5m.<\/p>\n

8- H\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

9- H\u01a1i th\u1edf x\u00f4ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

10- H\u01a1i th\u1edf g\u00ecn gi\u1eef.<\/p>\n

11- H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n

12- H\u01a1i th\u1edf b\u1ed3i b\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

12 th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n-t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 c\u00f3. Nay l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a 12 th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf. H\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u00ean tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. H\u01a1i th\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh l\u01a1 l\u1eefng. H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4 g\u1ea7y. H\u01a1i th\u1edf ti\u00eau tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u1ee7ng ph\u00f9. H\u01a1i th\u1edf t\u0103ng-tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu. H\u01a1i th\u1edf di\u1ec7t ho\u1ea1i tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u0103ng th\u1ea1nh. H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u1ea5m tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea1nh. H\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u1ea1nh tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u00f3ng. H\u01a1i th\u1edf x\u00f4ng l\u00ean tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ng\u0103n ngh\u1eb9n kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng. H\u01a1i th\u1edf g\u00ecn gi\u1eef tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh l\u0103n l\u1ed9n. H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a chung tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t h\u00f2a. H\u01a1i th\u1edf b\u1ed3i b\u1ed5 b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i suy k\u00e9m. Kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 h\u01a1i th\u1edf n\u1ea7y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb l\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh, suy ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i: “Kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u00e1n hay tr\u1ecb h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea1nh, t\u01b0\u1edfng trong th\u00e2n h\u01a1i l\u1eeda x\u00f4ng ra li\u1ec1n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh l\u1ea1nh. C\u00e1ch tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y trong kinh T\u1ea1p-A-H\u00e0m v\u1ec1 72 th\u1ee9 bi ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y b\u1ea3o: “D\u00f9ng Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n ki\u1ec3m x\u00e9t t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i trong th\u00e2n c\u00f3 b\u1ec7nh, t\u00e2m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 sanh b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh t\u1ef1 l\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, bao nhi\u00eau thuy\u1ebft n\u00f3i d\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ed7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00e9o hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

Hai ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e9o hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0o m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eddi nay, c\u0103n-c\u01a1 t\u1ed1i, c\u1ea1n, \u0111a s\u1ed1 t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh-c\u00f4ng n\u00ean ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u00edt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n. L\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y, sanh ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0 d\u1ecb, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e2y, c\u1ecf, v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e1… th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh th\u00ec n\u00ean d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh do qu\u1ec9 ph\u00e1 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i l\u1eadp t\u00e2m cho v\u1eefng. th\u00eam t\u1ee5ng ch\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap s\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 s\u00e1m-h\u1ed1i, b\u1ec7nh \u1eaft ti\u00eau-di\u1ec7t. Hai ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e9o hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 tu v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ea3 hai. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh sanh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ecf b\u00ea s\u1ef1 tu-h\u00e0nh, c\u00f2n e t\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u00e0m sao t\u1ef1 tu v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi? Th\u1ebf n\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. Ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t, hi\u1ec3u \u00fd t\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n-t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n

L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ee7 10 ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i-\u00edch. M\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1p: 1- Tin. 2- D\u00f9ng. 3- Si\u00eang. 4- Th\u01b0\u1eddng-tr\u1ee5 trong duy\u00ean. 5- Ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi. 6- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n. 7- Th\u1ef1c-h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u. 8- Bi\u1ebft th\u1ee7 x\u1ea3. 9- G\u00ecn gi\u1eef. 10- Bi\u1ebft ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 tin? – Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tin ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y hay tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng? – Chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9, \u0111\u1ebfn khi l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh m\u1edbi th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 trong duy\u00ean? – T\u00e2m vi-t\u1ebf lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n y n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng duy\u00ean c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n b\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi? – Nh\u01b0 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n? – L\u00e0 th\u1edf ra, h\u00edt v\u00e0o t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u kh\u00f4ng cho tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c-h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u? – N\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u1eb3ng k\u1ec3 ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ebf b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft th\u1ee7 x\u1ea3? – Bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u00edch li\u1ec1n chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n, c\u00e1i c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i li\u1ec1n x\u1ea3 \u0111i, ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 g\u00ecn-gi\u1eef? – Kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c duy\u00ean x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m m\u00e0 gi\u1eef-g\u00ecn.<\/p>\n

Sao l\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n? – \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00edch l\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i, ch\u01b0a t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng sanh nghi ch\u00ea.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu y m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng d\u1ed1i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

X. Ch\u1ee9ng Qu\u1ea3<\/h3>\n

N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh-gi\u00e3 khi tu Ch\u1ec9-Qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m sanh, nh\u01a1n-duy\u00ean h\u01b0 gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, n\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng; v\u00ec bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng danh-t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt. Khi \u1ea5y, tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt-qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ea7u, d\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ch\u00fang-sanh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed9. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n nh\u1ecb-\u0111\u1ebf, l\u00e0 hu\u1ec7-nh\u00e3n, l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t-th\u1ebf-tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i Qu\u00e1n n\u1ea7y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 sa v\u00e0o qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Thinh-v\u0103n, B\u00edch-Chi Ph\u1eadt. Cho n\u00ean trong kinh n\u00f3i: “C\u00e1c v\u1ecb Thinh-v\u0103n v.v… t\u1ef1 than r\u1eb1ng: ch\u00fang ta n\u1ebfu nghe c\u00f5i Ph\u1eadt thanh-t\u1ecbnh, gi\u00e1o-h\u00f3a ch\u00fang-sanh, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng vui m\u1eebng. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ed5ng l\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng sanh kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, v\u00f4-l\u1eadu v\u00f4-vi, suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng vui m\u1eebng”. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p v\u00f4-vi m\u00e0 v\u00e0o ch\u00e1nh-v\u1ecb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t ba th\u1ee9 t\u00e2m b\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, v\u00ec s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt-t\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang-sanh th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt-Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eef v\u00f4-vi t\u1ef1 t\u1ecbch-di\u1ec7t, khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean tu Qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp Gi\u1ea3. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m-t\u00e1nh tuy kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ed1i duy\u00ean li\u1ec1n sanh ra t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a, tuy kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eadt m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f9, nghe, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v.v… kh\u00e1c nhau. H\u00e0nh-gi\u00e3 khi Qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, tuy bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p r\u1ed1t-r\u00e1o l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, m\u00e0 hay \u1edf trong kh\u00f4ng tu c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0 gieo gi\u1ed1ng trong kh\u00f4ng; c\u0169ng hay ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c-c\u0103n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang-sanh t\u00e1nh d\u1ee5c v\u00f4-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00ean thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng v\u00f4-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i th\u00ec hay l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang-sanh kh\u1eafp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o. \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n t\u00f9y-duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9, l\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp Gi\u1ea3, l\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n b\u00ecnh-\u0111\u1eb3ng, l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e3n, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o-ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed. Tr\u1ee5 trong Qu\u00e1n n\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u, tuy th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t tuy th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u hai ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n tr\u00ean, \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n m\u00f4n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Ch\u00e1nh-qu\u00e1n. Kinh ch\u00e9p: “Hai th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, nh\u01a1n hai th\u1ee9 Qu\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n Trung-\u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a, song chi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ebf, t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tr\u00f4i v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i-Gi\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t mu\u1ed1n \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt-Ph\u00e1p n\u00ean tu “Ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee9t hai b\u00ean ph\u00e2n-bi\u1ec7t”, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Ch\u00e1nh-Qu\u00e1n Trung-\u0110\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 Ch\u00e1nh-Qu\u00e1n? – N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u t\u00e2m t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Ch\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Gi\u1ea3, d\u1ee9t t\u00e2m duy\u00ean Ch\u01a1n. Gi\u1ea3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00e1nh Th\u1eadt Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3. N\u1ebfu hay chi\u1ebfu li\u1ec5u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u1edf n\u01a1i t\u00e2m t\u00e1nh th\u00f4ng-\u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung-\u0111\u1ea1o, vi\u00ean chi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 nh\u1ecb-\u0111\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu hay t\u1ef1 t\u00e2m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebf, th\u00ec th\u1ea5y Trung-\u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u1ecb-\u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p Trung-\u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u1ecb-\u0111\u1ebf. B\u1edfi v\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00e1nh-qu\u00e1n Trung-\u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong Lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n

Nh\u01a1n duy\u00ean sanh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n

Ta n\u00f3i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng,<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3 danh,<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng g\u1ecdi ngh\u0129a Trung-\u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

S\u01b0u t\u1ea7m \u00fd b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u1ea7y, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng Trung-Qu\u00e1n, c\u0169ng g\u1ed3m n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 th\u00fa hai th\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n-m\u00f4n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng-ti\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft Ch\u00e1nh-qu\u00e1n Trung-\u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt-nh\u00e3n, nh\u1ee9t-th\u1ebf ch\u1ee7ng-tr\u00ed. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i qu\u00e1n n\u1ea7y th\u00ec s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1eb3ng, th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt-t\u00e1nh r\u00f5-r\u00e0ng, an tr\u1ee5 trong \u0110\u1ea1i-th\u1eeba, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng nhanh nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o trong bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i-gi\u00e1c. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh Nh\u01b0-Lai, v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 Nh\u01b0-Lai, m\u1eb7c y Nh\u01b0-Lai, ng\u1ed3i t\u00f2a Nh\u01b0-Lai, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3 trang-nghi\u00eam c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0-Lai, m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 trang-nghi\u00eam. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1u c\u0103n thanh-t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh-gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7n-ti\u1ec1n, th\u00e0nh-t\u1ef1u ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i. An tr\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u1ee7-L\u0103ng-Nghi\u00eam, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 hi\u1ec7n s\u1eafc th\u00e2n Tam-mu\u1ed9i, kh\u1eafp v\u00e0o c\u00f5i Ph\u1eadt trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1ea1y b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang-sanh trang-nghi\u00eam t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f5i Ph\u1eadt, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ecd tr\u00ec ph\u00e1p-t\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ea1nh Ba-la-m\u1eadt, ng\u1ed9 nh\u1eadp v\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i-B\u1ed3-T\u00e1t, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i V\u0103n-Th\u00f9, Ph\u1ed5-Hi\u1ec1n k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n. Th\u01b0\u1eddng-tr\u1ee5 trong th\u00e2n ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh, v\u00ec ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt khen ng\u1ee3i th\u1ecd k\u00fd, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 trang-nghi\u00eam \u0110\u1ea9u-Xu\u1ea5t \u0110\u00e0-Thi\u00ean, th\u1ecb-hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1ng tr\u1ea7n trong thai m\u1eb9, xu\u1ea5t-gia, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ea1o-tr\u00e0ng, h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c ma o\u00e1n, th\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh-gi\u00e1c, chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p-lu\u00e2n, v\u00e0o Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. \u1ede c\u00e1c c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafp m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m vi\u00ean-m\u00e3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt-s\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 hai th\u00e2n – ch\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng – \u1ea5y l\u00e0 S\u01a1-Ph\u00e1t-T\u00e2m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Trong kinh Hoa-Nghi\u00eam n\u00f3i: “Khi S\u01a1-ph\u00e1t-t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh Ch\u00e1nh-gi\u00e1c, th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t t\u00e1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ec7-th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ng\u1ed9”. C\u0169ng n\u00f3i: “S\u01a1 ph\u00e1t-t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n Nh\u01b0-Lai l\u00e0m v\u00f4-l\u01b0\u1ee3ng-th\u00e2n”. C\u0169ng n\u00f3i: “S\u01a1 ph\u00e1t-t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u-k\u00ednh-t\u00e2m hai c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, hai t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 kh\u00f3”. Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i-Ph\u1ea9m n\u00f3i: “Tu B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1! C\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t m\u1edbi s\u01a1-ph\u00e1t-t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n t\u1ecda \u0110\u1ea1o-tr\u00e0ng, chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e1nh xe ch\u00e1nh-ph\u00e1p, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u1eady”. Trong Kinh Ph\u00e1p-Hoa n\u00e0ng Long-N\u1eef d\u00e2ng h\u1ea1t ch\u00e2u l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, nh\u1eefng kinh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i s\u01a1-ph\u00e1t-t\u00e2m l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt-ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0 kinh \u0110\u1ea1i-Ph\u1ea9m n\u00f3i “Ch\u1eef A”, kinh Ph\u00e1t-Hoa n\u00f3i “khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sanh khai Ph\u1eadt tri-ki\u1ebfn”, kinh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n n\u00f3i “Th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh cho n\u00ean tr\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n”. \u0110\u00e3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1edbng S\u01a1-ph\u00e1t-t\u00e2m nh\u01a1n tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebf n\u00f3i H\u1eadu-t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3. C\u1ea3nh-gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a H\u1eadu-t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft, nay suy theo gi\u00e1o-l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5, tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng r\u1eddi hai Ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n. T\u1ea1i sao? Kinh Ph\u00e1p-Hoa n\u00f3i: “\u00c2n c\u1ea7n khen ng\u1ee3i tr\u00ed-hu\u1ec7 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a Qu\u00e1n”. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5 qu\u1ea3. Kinh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 “M\u1ed9t tr\u0103m c\u00e2u gi\u1ea3i-tho\u00e1t” \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5 qu\u1ea3. Cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng-t\u1ecbch-\u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ecbnh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a Ch\u1ec9. Trong kinh Ph\u00e1p-Hoa tuy \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5 qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng nhi\u1ebfp Ch\u1ec9. Cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i: Nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee9u-c\u00e1nh ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n th\u01b0\u1eddng-t\u1ecbch-di\u1ec7t tr\u1ecdn qui v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng. Trong Kinh Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n tuy \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5 qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng g\u1ed3m Qu\u00e1n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u1ea5y ba \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n. Hai b\u1ed9 kinh l\u1edbn n\u00e0y tuy v\u0103n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 \u1ea9n kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 hai m\u00f4n Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee9u-c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, g\u1ed3m c\u0103n-c\u1ee9 hai ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ecbnh, Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f5 qu\u1ea3-v\u1ecb c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0nh-gi\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u1eadc gi\u1eefa, r\u1ed1t sau \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n. Cho n\u00ean b\u1ea3n T\u00e2n d\u1ecbch kinh Kim-Quang-Minh n\u00f3i: “Nh\u01b0-Lai l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n, Nh\u01b0-Lai kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa bao nhi\u00eau th\u1ee9 trang-nghi\u00eam. Nh\u01b0-Lai r\u1ed1t sau th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i”. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 hai t\u00e2m tu Ch\u1ec9, Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft-qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong Kinh Ban-Ch\u00e2u-Tam-Mu\u1ed9i ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eeb t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i-tho\u00e1t,<\/p>\n

T\u00e2m \u1ea5y thanh t\u1ecbnh g\u1ecdi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ea1ch-s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng nhu\u1ed1m m\u00e0u,<\/p>\n

H\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p n\u1ea7y th\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i-\u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n tu-h\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb tam-ch\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 ng\u0169-c\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eeb, tuy si\u00eang-n\u0103ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00f9y Tr\u00ed \u1ef7 thu\u1eadt, Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch: Th\u00edch Thanh T\u1eeb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":171733,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[59],"tags":[12,13,27],"yoast_head":"\nPh\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu Tu T\u1eadp T\u1ecda Thi\u1ec1n Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebfu Tu T\u1eadp T\u1ecda Thi\u1ec1n Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n. 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