T\u00f9y Tr\u00ed \u1ef7 Thuy\u1ebft<\/em><\/p>\n B\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Th\u00edch \u0110\u1ea1t Ma Ng\u1ed9 Nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt, trong m\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n Ph\u1ee5 H\u00e0nh Truy\u1ec1n Ho\u1eb1ng Quy\u1ebft 46, tr. 141, sh. 1912 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i (Tr\u1ea1m Nhi\u00ean), g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ec7 Thi\u1ec1n M\u00f4n, (Ti\u1ec7m Th\u1ee9 Ch\u1ec9 Qu\u00e1n) ghi r\u1eb1ng: Do \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Tr\u00ed Kh\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Ng\u00f5a Quan T\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Trang Nghi\u00eam T\u1ef1, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u00e1p Th\u1eadn ghi l\u1ea1i, sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea3nh \u1edf Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng An ch\u1ec9nh l\u00fd th\u00e0nh 10 quy\u1ec3n, chia l\u00e0m 10 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/p>\n 1. \u0110\u1ea0I \u00dd<\/p>\n 2. TH\u00cdCH DANH<\/p>\n 3. MINH M\u00d4N<\/p>\n 4. THUY\u00caN TH\u1ee8<\/p>\n 5. PH\u00c1P, T\u00c2M<\/p>\n 6. PH\u01af\u01a0NG TI\u1ec6N<\/p>\n 7. TU CH\u1ee8NG<\/p>\n 8. QU\u1ea2 B\u00c1O<\/p>\n 9. KH\u1edeI GI\u00c1O<\/p>\n 10. QUY TH\u00da (3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edbt)<\/p>\n Trong ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tu ch\u1ee9ng chia ra b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 tu ch\u1ee9ng. Ba ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1edbt \u1edf trong ph\u1ea7n tu ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i chia 4 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n: 1. Th\u1ebf gian; 2. C\u0169ng th\u1ebf gian c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian; 3. Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian; 4. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf gian ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n: \u0110\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb v\u00f4 l\u1eadu v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean l\u00fd v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. \u0110\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb v\u00f4 l\u1eadu l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 9 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n: C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t ni\u1ec7m, Th\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9, Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft x\u1ee9, C\u1eedu th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, Ph\u1ea5n t\u1ea5n, Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi tu ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. Truy\u1ec7n k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng: \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3ng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea3 n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi 50 quy\u1ec3n\u201d. Nay kh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, mong h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 g\u1ed1c ng\u1ecdn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb sai l\u1ea1c v\u1eady.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n S\u00e1ch n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt chia th\u00e0nh m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1: Tu Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt danh<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3: Minh Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt m\u00f4n<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4: Bi\u1ec7n Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt thuy\u00ean th\u1ee9<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5: Gi\u1ea3ng Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6: Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7: Th\u00edch Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt tu ch\u1ee9ng<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8: Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9: T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt kh\u1edfi gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 10: K\u1ebft h\u1ed9i Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt quy th\u00fa<\/p>\n D\u00f9ng 10 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt tr\u00ean v\u0103n t\u1ef1, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a t\u1eeb x\u01b0a nay c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. V\u1ec1 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd th\u00ec th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t, hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y kho t\u00e0ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt Nh\u01b0 Lai v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi vi di\u1ec7u vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1o l\u00fd, h\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng hay l\u00fd th\u1ec3, t\u1eeb ph\u00e0m phu tu th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 Nh\u00e2n tu, Qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec1u bao h\u00e0m trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea1t, th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u00fd th\u00fa c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p, ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y t\u00e2y n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u. Cho n\u00ean Kinh Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cV\u00ed nh\u01b0 k\u00e9o ch\u00e9o \u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n\u201d.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1<\/strong>: N\u1ed9i dung gi\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ea0I \u00dd V\u1ec0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P H\u00c0NH THI\u1ec0N BA-LA-M\u1eacT, l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1o B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, m\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p vi di\u1ec7u, thanh t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u v\u00e0ng ng\u1ecdc, th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cho n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2:<\/strong> Tuy nhi\u00ean khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 danh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 DANH T\u1ef0 THI\u1ec0N.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3:<\/strong> T\u1eeb n\u01a1i danh t\u1ef1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp l\u00fd thi\u1ec1n th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u1eeda n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t. N\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 THI\u1ec0N M\u00d4N.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4:<\/strong> Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf s\u00e2u xa, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u, n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp m\u00e0 tu. N\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 TH\u1ee8 L\u1edaP C\u1ee6A THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn cao, t\u1eeb c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 PH\u00c1P V\u00c0 T\u00c2M.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6:<\/strong> Sau khi ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m, trong l\u00fac tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o. N\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y N\u00d3I RO C\u00c1C PH\u00c1P PH\u01af\u01a0NG TI\u1ec6N THI\u1ec6N X\u1ea2O.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7:<\/strong> Y theo ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc. N\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 S\u1ef0 TU CH\u1ee8NG C\u1ee6A C\u00c1C THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00edch \u1ee9ng trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m th\u00ec c\u00f3 Nh\u00e2n, t\u1ee9c Qu\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ebfn. Cho n\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 QU\u1ea2 B\u00c1O C\u1ee6A THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9:<\/strong> T\u1eeb tu Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng Qu\u1ea3, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 tu h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n r\u1ed3i, cho n\u00ean c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang sinh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n. N\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 GI\u00c1O M\u00d4N.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 10:<\/strong> L\u00fd ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed3ng quy v\u1ec1 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng. N\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH CH\u1ed6 QUY TH\u00da.<\/p>\n Ngh\u0129a l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y l\u1edbp l\u1edbp li\u00ean quan l\u1eabn nhau. N\u1ebfu \u0111em to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng nhi\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tu h\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 n\u00f3i: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu \u0111\u1ebfn nay, an tr\u1ee5 trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ba-la-m\u1eadt, tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed, l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt. Sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh b\u00e1nh xe ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp v\u1eady.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n (N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd to\u00e0n s\u00e1ch, lu\u1eadn s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t)<\/em><\/p>\n Nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n ba-la- m\u1eadt. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n A. D\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n B. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch, sai l\u1ea7m, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n M\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n 1. V\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n 2. Kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, v\u00ec tham danh ti\u1ebfng, khen ng\u1ee3i m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m Qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n 3. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 b\u00e0 con quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m S\u00fac sanh.<\/p>\n 4. V\u00ec ganh t\u1ef5 mu\u1ed1n h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m A-tu-la(1).<\/p>\n 5. V\u00ec s\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7u thai v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m t\u00e1i sanh l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n 6. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 mong c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m sinh v\u1ec1 s\u00e1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c(2).<\/p>\n 7. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m La-s\u00e1t(3).<\/p>\n 8. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng minh lanh l\u1ee3i, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o(4).<\/p>\n 9. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh l\u00ean c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi S\u1eafc v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc(5).<\/p>\n 10. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 sinh, l\u00e3o, b\u1ec7nh, t\u1eed, mong ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ee9ng Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n M\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, tuy h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c \u00e1c c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t hay tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecda l\u1ea1c v\u00e0o nh\u1ecb bi\u00ean, (\u0110o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfn(6) ch\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o Trung \u0111\u1ea1o(7)). N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng t\u00e2m n\u00e0y tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai \u00fd:<\/p>\n I- V\u00ec sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m<\/p>\n II- V\u00ec sao B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu thi\u1ec1n?<\/p>\n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t qu\u00e1n trung \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, do th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t T\u1ee9 Ho\u1eb1ng Th\u1ec7 Nguy\u1ec7n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u nguy\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn:<\/p>\n 1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t, ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00fang sinh v\u00f4 bi\u00ean th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n 2. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, ta ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3ng r\u00f5 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n 3. N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c, ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n 4. N\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n(8), ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf. Cho n\u00ean Kinh Anh L\u1ea1c ghi: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a an tr\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ea7n an tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf. Ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf khi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf\u201d.<\/p>\n B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu theo t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebf. Ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh, \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd n\u00e0y ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ebf ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu theo t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n. V\u00ec sao v\u1eady? V\u00ec h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tuy bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang sinh m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 Ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n?<\/p>\n – V\u00ec t\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ho\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec t\u00e2m t\u1eeb bi, th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t ch\u00fang sinh, n\u00ean h\u1ea1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh, ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc nh\u01b0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t b\u1ed1n th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, bi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 b\u1ed1n t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n, bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m th\u1eadt ra ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m, m\u00e0 t\u00e2m v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 thanh t\u1ecbnh. Do ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 thanh t\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. V\u00ec th\u1ebf trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi:<\/p>\n Ngay khi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m<\/p>\n Th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua th\u1ebf gian<\/p>\n N\u00ean nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n Khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o ?<\/p>\n V\u00ec c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua s\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8, n\u00ean v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n v\u1eabn \u1edf b\u1edd b\u00ean n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi sang s\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu u\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0m sao l\u00e0nh? Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u, nh\u01b0ng khi th\u1ea5y ch\u00e2u b\u00e1u r\u1ed3i m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ea5y n\u00ean m\u00e3i m\u00e3i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n \u0111i xa l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu b\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u00e1t T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ecbu tu b\u1ed1n h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTa ph\u1ea3i tu ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p vi\u00ean m\u00e3n?\u201d. V\u1eady th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 th\u00e2m s\u00e2u thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi vi\u00ean m\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1n th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i, l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh? N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng phu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec l\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u00e1t. Cho n\u00ean trong kinh c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cThi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eadt th\u00e2m s\u00e2u m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u0169 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng\u201d. Mu\u1ed1n \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n. Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u01a1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ki\u1ebft s\u1eed, b\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e8n ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf t\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cCh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, chuy\u1ec3n b\u00e1nh xe ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh, h\u1ebft duy\u00ean, nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a x\u1ee9 tam-mu\u1ed9i(9), trong m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 mu\u00f4n h\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi S\u1eafc v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Thanh v\u0103n, Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hu\u1ed1ng chi qu\u1ea3 V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng Di\u1ec7u gi\u00e1c v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tam-mu\u1ed9i, l\u00fac n\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean sau khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u1ec1n ng\u1eabm, t\u01b0 duy, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u00ean m\u00e3n T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0 trong b\u00e0i K\u1ec7 Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi:<\/p>\n Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 kho tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7,<\/p>\n Ru\u1ed9ng ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c,<\/p>\n Thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong s\u1ea1ch,<\/p>\n C\u00f4ng n\u0103ng r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch b\u1ee5i<\/p>\n Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 gi\u00e1p kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/p>\n Ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ean phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o,<\/p>\n Tuy ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng v\u00f4 vi(10)<\/p>\n Qu\u1ea3 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n,<\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tam-mu\u1ed9i(11)<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eadp tan n\u00fai ki\u1ebft s\u1eed,<\/p>\n Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee5c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng,<\/p>\n B\u1ee5i tr\u1ea7n che v\u1ea7ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng,<\/p>\n M\u01b0a l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00f4i s\u1ea1ch,<\/p>\n Gi\u00f3 gi\u00e1c qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m,<\/p>\n Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u0103n l\u1eb7ng gi\u00f3.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n T\u1ee9 ho\u1eb1ng th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1p Ba-la-m\u1eadt (B\u1ed1 th\u00ed, Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, Nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c, Tinh t\u1ea5n, Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, B\u00e1t- nh\u00e3, Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, Tr\u00ed, Nguy\u1ec7n, L\u1ef1c) v\u00ec sao ch\u1ec9 t\u00e1n th\u00e1n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: N\u1ebfu so s\u00e1nh b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m, c\u00f2n n\u0103m ph\u00e1p sau th\u00ec ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec1u do n\u01a1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 c\u00f3, n\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t do tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f2n n\u0103m ph\u00e1p sau l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng th\u00eam th\u00f9 th\u1eafng. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho n\u00ean x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gia nghi\u1ec7p, trong th\u00ec b\u1ecf v\u1ee3 con, quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c, ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf t\u00e0i v\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ec9 \u1edf n\u01a1i ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng v\u1ebb t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh, b\u1ed1 th\u00ed t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i b\u1ed1 th\u00ed.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, v\u00ec B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u0103n d\u1ee9t s\u00e1u t\u00ecnh(12) v.v\u2026Nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m x\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Do B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kham nh\u1eabn nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 nh\u1eabn, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng vinh d\u1ef1, ch\u00ea bai, \u0111\u1ec1u an t\u00e2m kham nh\u1eabn. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed c\u00f3 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00ec s\u1ee3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o s\u00e2n h\u1eadn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng sinh kh\u1edfi, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n – B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t do tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t \u00fd tinh t\u1ea5n, d\u00f9 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1i t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. Nh\u01b0 d\u00f9i c\u00e2y l\u1ea5y l\u1eeda, d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, n\u1ebfu ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u1eeda quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, \u00edt n\u1eb1m, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng sinh kh\u1edfi v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3i, cho d\u00f9 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e1ng m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1i t\u00e2m nh\u1ee5t ch\u00ed. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n Do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u00f9 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u00fd tu b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec sao B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt ?<\/p>\n V\u00ec khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 trong ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an tr\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng sinh di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc trong \u0111\u00e1 ph\u00f3ng v\u1ecdt ra. Kinh Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi:<\/p>\n Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt,<\/p>\n L\u00e0 ph\u00e1p ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o,<\/p>\n V\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb,<\/p>\n Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t,<\/p>\n T\u1ed9i ch\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t,<\/p>\n Trong t\u00e2m thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng,<\/p>\n T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec sao B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n ba-la-m\u1eadt ?<\/p>\n V\u00ec nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o \u1ea5y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh m\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn s\u00e2u v\u00e0o thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh, n\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o n\u00e0o th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00ecu d\u1eaft ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec sao B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 L\u1ef1c ba-la-m\u1eadt ?<\/p>\n V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 s\u1ee9c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec sao B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 Nguy\u1ec7n ba-la-m\u1eadt ?<\/p>\n Trong Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cThi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a A-tu-la(13), (Khi mu\u1ed1n nghe \u0111\u00e0n, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n g\u1ea3y \u0111\u00e0n m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t \u00e2m thanh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a A-tu-la), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh, d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a ch\u00fang sinh\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n – V\u00ec sao B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t do tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 Tr\u00ed ba-la-m\u1eadt ?<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng do \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh \u0110\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed(14), Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed v\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed(15). Ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5.<\/p>\n B\u1edfi v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n kh\u00e9o tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1p Ba-la-m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 mu\u00f4n h\u1ea1nh c\u00f9ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. Cho n\u00ean B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t mu\u1ed1n th\u1ec7 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c Ba-la-m\u1eadt, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: C\u00f4ng h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, xa l\u00eca ch\u00fang sinh, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea3nh rang, nh\u00e0n nh\u00e3 th\u00f4i sao?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Tuy B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2m t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecf ch\u00fang sinh. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, n\u00ean t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 sau khi b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0nh r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u0169ng v\u1eady, th\u00e2n tuy xa l\u00e1nh ch\u00fang sinh, m\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edb ngh\u0129 th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u1edf n\u01a1i an nh\u00e0n v\u1eafng v\u1ebb, u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, tr\u1eeb s\u1ea1ch v\u00f4 minh, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, \u0111\u1ee3i sau khi tu h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1ee5c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, s\u1ebd t\u00e1i sinh trong s\u00e1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n Do nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu t\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ba-la-m\u1eadt, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i b\u1ec1n ch\u1eafc nh\u01b0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, thi\u00ean ma ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch g\u00ec ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 1: <\/strong><\/p>\n (1) A-tu-la: m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n hi\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 \u00e1c th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tranh \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch; 1 trong 6 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, 1 trong t\u00e1m b\u1ed9, 1 trong 10 gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Theo Ph\u1ea9m Tu-la-lu\u00e2n trong Kinh T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t A H\u00e0m 3, th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a A-tu-la cao 84.000 do tu\u1ea7n, mi\u1ec7ng r\u1ed9ng m\u1ed7i b\u1ec1 1000 do tu\u1ea7n. C\u00f2n Ph\u1ea9m A-tu- la trong Kinh Tr\u01b0\u1eddng A H\u00e0m 20, Ph\u1ea9m A-tu-la trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i L\u00e2u Th\u00e1n 2, Kinh Kh\u1edfi Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n B\u1ea3n 5, \u0111\u1ec1u ghi r\u00f5 n\u01a1i \u1edf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a A-tu-la. C\u00e1c kinh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00eau, do ba nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n: s\u00e2n, m\u1ea1n, nghi n\u00ean khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sinh sinh v\u00e0o lo\u00e0i A-tu-la. Nh\u01b0ng Kinh Ph\u1eadt V\u1ecb Th\u1ee7 Ca Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1ea3 Thuy\u1ebft Nghi\u1ec7p B\u00e1o Sai Bi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t k\u00ea ra 10 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n sinh v\u00e0o lo\u00e0i A-tu-la:<\/p>\n 1\/ Th\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c nh\u1ecf,<\/p>\n 2\/ Mi\u1ec7ng n\u00f3i l\u1eddi \u00e1c nh\u1eb9,<\/p>\n 3\/ \u00dd ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c nh\u1ecf,<\/p>\n 4\/ Kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m ki\u00eau m\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n 5\/ Kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n 6\/ T\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n 7\/ \u0110\u1ea1i m\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n 8\/ T\u00e2m t\u00e0 m\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n 9\/ T\u00e2m m\u1ea1n m\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n 10\/ Lui s\u1ee5t c\u0103n l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n H\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng A-tu-la c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng A-tu-la c\u00f3 9 \u0111\u1ea7u, 1.000 m\u1eaft, 990 tay ho\u1eb7c 10.000 \u0111\u1ea7u, 20.000 tay ho\u1eb7c 3 \u0111\u1ea7u, 6 tay. C\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng A-tu-la c\u00f3 ba m\u1eb7t, m\u00e0u xanh \u0111en, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng 6 tay, l\u00f5a h\u00ecnh gi\u1eadn d\u1eef.<\/p>\n (2) Tr\u1eddi L\u1ee5c d\u1ee5c (S\u00e1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c):<\/p>\n 1\/ T\u1ee9 Thi\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u0110\u1ea1i Thi\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng, T\u1ee9 V\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u00ean): g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n thi\u00ean t\u1eed Tr\u00ec Qu\u1ed1c, T\u0103ng Tr\u01b0\u1edfng, Qu\u1ea3ng M\u1ee5c, \u0110a V\u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u00ean ch\u00fang ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n 2\/ Tam Th\u1eadp Tam thi\u00ean (\u0110ao L\u1ee3i thi\u00ean): g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 33 c\u00f5i, tr\u1eddi \u0110\u1ebf Th\u00edch \u1edf gi\u1eefa, b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed7i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 8 c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi. 3\/ Di\u1ec7m Ma thi\u00ean (D\u1ea1 Ma thi\u00ean, Vi\u00eam Ma thi\u00ean, Th\u1eddi Ph\u1ea7n thi\u00ean): \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Tu D\u1ea1 Ma thi\u00ean. 4\/ \u0110\u00e2u Xu\u1ea5t thi\u00ean (\u0110\u1ed5 S\u1eed \u0110a thi\u00ean, \u0110\u00e2u Xu\u1ea5t \u0110\u00e0 thi\u00ean, Hy T\u1ee9c thi\u00ean): \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 San \u0110\u00e2u Xu\u1ea5t \u0110\u00e0 thi\u00ean. 5\/ H\u00f3a T\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i thi\u00ean (L\u1ea1c Bi\u1ebfn H\u00f3a thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 Ki\u00eau L\u1ea1c thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 C\u1ed1ng Cao thi\u00ean, Ni Ma La thi\u00ean): \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Vua Thi\u1ec7n H\u00f3a thi\u00ean. 6\/ Tha H\u00f3a T\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i thi\u00ean (Tha H\u00f3a Chuy\u1ec3n thi\u00ean, Tha H\u00f3a L\u1ea1c thi\u00ean, H\u00f3a \u1ee8ng Thinh thi\u00ean, Ba-la-ni-m\u1eadt thi\u00ean): \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f5i tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 T\u1ea1i thi\u00ean. Trong \u0111\u00f3, tr\u1eddi T\u1ee9 Thi\u00ean V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf l\u01b0ng ch\u1eebng n\u00fai Tu Di, tr\u1eddi \u0110ao L\u1ee3i \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3nh n\u00fai Tu Di, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi hai t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecba C\u01b0 thi\u00ean. B\u1ed1n t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi t\u1eeb c\u00f5i D\u1ea1 Ma thi\u00ean tr\u1edf l\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i S\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ee5 gi\u1eefa h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng C\u01b0 thi\u00ean. S\u00e1u t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c n\u00e0y tuy \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gian c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 th\u1ecd d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ecd h\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ee5c, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c sinh. (t\u0111phhq)<\/p>\n (3) La-s\u00e1t (Kh\u1ea3 \u00day, T\u1ed1c T\u1eadt Qu\u1ef7, H\u1ed9 Gi\u1ea3): lo\u00e0i \u00e1c qu\u1ef7 trong th\u1ea7n tho\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y ghi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong b\u1ed9 L\u00ea C\u00e2u Ph\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0, t\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n La-s\u00e1t nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u1ed5 tr\u1ee9 \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi A-ri-a chinh ph\u1ee5c \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, La-s\u00e1t tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 cho k\u1ebb \u00e1c, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung lo\u00e0i \u00e1c qu\u1ef7.<\/p>\n Nam La-s\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u00e2n \u0111en, t\u00f3c \u0111\u1ecf, m\u1eaft xanh; n\u1eef La-s\u00e1t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0: La-xoa-t\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef xinh \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ee9c quy\u1ebfn r\u0169, chuy\u00ean \u0103n th\u1ecbt, u\u1ed1ng m\u00e1u lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n trong \u0111\u1ea3o L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 (T\u00edch Lan) c\u00f3 c\u00f5i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a n\u1eef La-s\u00e1t. Lo\u00e0i La-s\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong Kinh Ph\u1eadt B\u1ea3n H\u1ea1nh, t\u1eadp 49, H\u1eefu B\u1ed9 T\u1ef3 N\u1ea1i Da 47, Hu\u1ec7 L\u00e2m \u00c2m Ngh\u0129a 7 v.v\u2026 Qu\u1ef7 La-s\u00e1t c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bay nhanh trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111i nhanh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1o \u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3.<\/p>\n La-s\u00e1t c\u0169ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i qu\u1ef7 trong \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, coi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t t\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n. H\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00e2u tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 m\u00f3ng tay m\u00f3ng ch\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nai, \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00ea, \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ecf v.v\u2026 Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i La-s\u00e1t k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, trong kinh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ghi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i La-s\u00e1t l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n th\u1ee7 h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 La-s\u00e1t thi\u00ean.<\/p>\n (4) S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (S\u1eafc thi\u00ean, S\u1eafc H\u00e0nh thi\u00ean): g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean m\u1ed9t trong ba c\u00f5i. Ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f5i n\u00e0y tuy kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh m\u1eafc s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p thanh t\u1ecbnh vi t\u1ebf, n\u00ean n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi v\u00f4 s\u1eafc. Ch\u01b0 thi\u00ean c\u00f5i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nam n\u1eef, \u00e1o qu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n ra, l\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng l\u00e0m th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n \u1ede c\u00f5i n\u00e0y y c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n m\u00e0 chia ra l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecba: S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ly sinh h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c, Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh sanh h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c, Tam thi\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ly h\u1ef7 di\u1ec7u l\u1ea1c, T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 X\u1ea3 ni\u1ec7m thanh t\u1ecbnh. Theo Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 8: S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n, Tam thi\u1ec1n m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ri\u00eang ba t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi, T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 t\u00e1m t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi, c\u1ed9ng chung l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi. T\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n: Ph\u1ea1m Ch\u00fang thi\u00ean, Ph\u1ea1m Ph\u1ee5 thi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea1m thi\u00ean; Ba t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n: Thi\u1ec3u Quang thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Quang thi\u00ean, C\u1ef1c Quang T\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean; Ba t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Tam thi\u1ec1n: Thi\u1ec3u T\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean, Bi\u1ebfn T\u1ecbnh thi\u00ean; T\u00e1m t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n: V\u00f4 V\u00e2n thi\u00ean, Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Sinh thi\u00ean, Qu\u1ea3ng Qu\u1ea3 thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 Phi\u1ec1n thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 Nhi\u1ec7t thi\u00ean, Thi\u1ec7n Hi\u1ec7n thi\u00ean, Thi\u1ec7n Ki\u1ebfn thi\u00ean, S\u1eafc C\u1ee9u K\u00ednh thi\u00ean. M\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m kh\u00ed th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 c\u00f5i S\u1eafc, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi \u1edf c\u00f5i S\u1eafc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi (V\u00f4 s\u1eafc thi\u00ean, V\u00f4 s\u1eafc h\u00e0nh thi\u00ean): th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi si\u00eau v\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n s\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t tu T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh, sau khi ch\u1ebft sinh v\u1ec1 c\u00f5i n\u00e0y. S\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p, n\u01a1i ch\u1ed1n, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gian cao th\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng do qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o t\u1ed1t x\u1ea5u sai bi\u1ec7t n\u00ean chia th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n V\u1ec1 th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau, theo Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa 84 ghi: \u201cCh\u01b0 thi\u00ean \u1edf Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, s\u1ed1ng 2 v\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfp, \u1edf c\u00f5i Th\u1ee9c v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, s\u1ed1ng 4 v\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfp, \u1edf V\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu x\u1ee9, s\u1ed1ng 6 v\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u1edf Phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, s\u1ed1ng 8 v\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfp\u201d. Theo Kinh Tr\u01b0\u1eddng A H\u00e0m 20 th\u00ec theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp l\u00e0 10.000 ki\u1ebfp, 21.000 ki\u1ebfp, 42.000 ki\u1ebfp, 84.000 ki\u1ebfp. Theo Lu\u1eadn L\u1eadp Th\u1ebf A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m 7, th\u00ec b\u1ed1n t\u1ea7ng tr\u1eddi m\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea9m: th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trung, h\u1ea1, t\u1eeb 17.500 \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 ph\u1ea9m Kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean x\u1ee9, cho \u0111\u1ebfn 80.000 \u0111\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ecd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sai bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a 12 ph\u1ea9m. Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u00ec \u1edf t\u1ea7ng cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Phi phi t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1eddi H\u1eefu \u0110\u1ea3nh. H\u1eefu t\u00ecnh \u1edf c\u00f5i Tr\u1eddi v\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nam c\u0103n.<\/p>\n (5) Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o Irthaka (Ngo\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o, Ngo\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p, Ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc): t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi danh t\u1eeb \u201cd\u1ecb \u0111oan\u201d c\u1ee7a Nho gi\u00e1o. Ngh\u0129a g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a danh t\u1eeb irthaka l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u1ea9n \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n k\u00ednh. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb ng\u1eef m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: Ch\u00ednh thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3, Kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh gi\u1ea3. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec3n, kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n ngo\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3n. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi sau, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t minh th\u00eam ngh\u0129a \u201cD\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn, T\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft\u201d, cho n\u00ean t\u1eeb \u201cngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh danh t\u1eeb c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00ea bai v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang ch\u00e2n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n Tam Lu\u1eadn Huy\u1ec1n Ngh\u0129a, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ghi: \u201cCh\u00ed di\u1ec7u r\u1ed7ng rang, g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u00e2m \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1o, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d. Trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 n\u00eau l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00f3m L\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o: Ph\u00fa-lan-na Ca-di\u1ebfp, M\u1ea1t-ca-l\u1ee3i-c\u00f9i-l\u00ea-t\u1eed, San- x\u00e0-\u0111a-t\u1ef3-la-chi-t\u1eed, A-k\u1ef3-\u0111a-chi-x\u00e1-kh\u00e2m-b\u00e0-la, Ca- la-c\u00e2u-\u0111\u00e0-ca-chi\u00ean-di\u00ean, Ni-c\u00e0n-\u0111\u00e0 nh\u00e3-\u0111\u1ec1-t\u1eed v\u00e0 6 ph\u00e1i tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc: Lu\u1eadn s\u01b0, Du gi\u00e0, Th\u1eafng lu\u1eadn, Ch\u00ednh l\u00fd, Thanh lu\u1eadn, Ph\u1ec7-\u0111\u00e0n-\u0111a. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o T\u1ee9 ch\u1ea5p, T\u1ee9 ki\u1ebfn, T\u1ee9 k\u1ebf, T\u1ee9 t\u00f4ng: l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i chuy\u00ean ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c; ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i sai kh\u00e1c; ch\u1ea5p th\u1ebf gian l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng; ch\u1ea5p c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3. L\u1ee5c ph\u00e1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o: T\u1ef1 ng\u00e3, \u0110\u1ea7u uy\u00ean, Ph\u00f3 h\u1ecfa, T\u1ef1 t\u1ecda, T\u1ecbch nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 Ng\u01b0u c\u1ea9u (ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp theo tr\u00e2u, ch\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7u sinh l\u00ean c\u00f5i tr\u00ean). Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c t\u00f4ng (Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c d\u1ecb lu\u1eadn, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c k\u1ebf): ch\u00edn m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u ph\u00e1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. Theo Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa 4 th\u00ec L\u1ee5c s\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 15 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0a ra 15 d\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 90 d\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn; ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau, cho n\u00ean 90 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 6 th\u1ea7y th\u00ec th\u00e0nh 96 ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u00f9ng con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 cho ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n 10 th\u00ec n\u00eau l\u00ean 95 ph\u00e1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: Thu\u1eadn th\u1ebf, Xu\u1ea5t gia, (\u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i gia) \u0110\u1ed3 kh\u00f4i, Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o g\u00e1 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o Ca-b\u00e0-ly (k\u1ebf t\u00f3c) v.v\u2026 trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u00f3 chia c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ra l\u00e0m hai lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 Ngo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, hai l\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, Ngo\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 chung cho c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p, h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1i ngo\u00e0i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o theo ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f2n N\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e1 v\u00e0o Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i trong Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c tu h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p. Ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o trong M\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o theo ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng; c\u00f2n N\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba, Thanh v\u0103n v\u00e0 Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c, hai l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i thu\u1ed9c Hi\u1ec3n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n (6) \u0110o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn: lo\u1ea1i ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t. Theo Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 26, \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o t\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u1ed5 vui, \u0111\u1eddi sau v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u Kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n Th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfn: ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t, t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 n\u00e0y sau khi ch\u1ebft c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1i sinh v\u00e0 t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c, t\u1ee9c n\u00f3i ng\u00e3 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00edch T\u00f4n ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 \u0110o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn. C\u00f2n thuy\u1ebft linh h\u1ed3n b\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfn, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u01b0 v\u00f4 th\u00ec thu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5p \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00edch T\u00f4n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng xa l\u00eca hai b\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh trung \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n (7) Trung \u0111\u1ea1o: l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd n\u00e0y th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 do t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i, nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00f5i Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, v\u00ec c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00f3 bao h\u00e0m c\u1ea3 l\u00fd trung \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n (8) Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n: Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i: T\u00ednh t\u1ecbnh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, Vi\u00ean t\u1ecbnh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n v\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ecbnh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt v\u00ec c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh n\u00ean th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n gi\u00e0 huy\u1ec5n, khi h\u1ebft duy\u00ean th\u00ec nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. H\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n, Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 d\u01b0 y Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i t\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba gi\u00e1o, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 d\u01b0 ho\u00e0n sinh. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 xa l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng sai bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ly t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n Theo T\u00f4ng T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9, T\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt A Di \u0110\u00e0 l\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n v\u00f4 vi. Theo T\u00f4ng Duy Th\u1ee9c, Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i: B\u1ea3n lai t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thanh t\u1ecbnh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, H\u1eefu d\u01b0 y Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, V\u00f4 d\u01b0 y Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n v\u00e0 V\u00f4 tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n Trong b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n n\u00e0y, B\u1ea3n lai t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thanh t\u1ecbnh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, T\u00ednh t\u1ecbnh Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 cho ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea3n lai c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt l\u00e0 l\u00fd th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t. V\u00f4 tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 xa l\u00eca phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u1edf tri ch\u01b0\u1edbng, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ec7 v\u00e0o c\u00f5i m\u00ea sinh t\u1eed. V\u00ec t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh n\u00ean qua l\u1ea1i trong ba c\u00f5i m\u00ea m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng tr\u1ec7 n\u01a1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Ma-ha-di\u1ec5n: gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n (9) V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a x\u1ee9 Tam-mu\u1ed9i: Tam-mu\u1ed9i l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp, khi mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa. V\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n nh\u01b0 Tam th\u1eeba, Ng\u0169 th\u1eeba. Ngh\u0129a x\u1ee9 l\u00e0 y ch\u1ed7 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng. Tam-mu\u1ed9i th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n (10) V\u00f4 vi: ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, l\u00eca sinh di\u1ec7t bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ee5, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 t\u00ean kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ni\u1ebft- b\u00e0n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau ngo\u00e0i Ni\u1ebft b\u00e0n l\u1ea1i l\u1eadp ra c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 v\u00f4 vi, do \u0111\u00f3 sinh ra nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft v\u00f4 vi nh\u01b0 : Tam v\u00f4 vi, L\u1ee5c v\u00f4 vi, C\u1eedu v\u00f4 vi. Ph\u00e1i Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9 l\u1eadp tam v\u00f4 vi : Tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi, Phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi v\u00e0 H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi.<\/p>\n (11) Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tam-mu\u1ed9i: ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. Nh\u01b0 kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadt n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u00f3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1.<\/p>\n (12) S\u00e1u t\u00ecnh (S\u00e1u c\u0103n): v\u00ec c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n (c\u1ef1u d\u1ecbch) ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 l\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh, v\u00ec s\u00e1u c\u0103n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n (13) \u0110\u00e0n c\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a A-tu-la: lo\u00e0i A-tu-la do ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n n\u00e0y. Khi A-tu-la mu\u1ed1n nghe m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac nh\u1ea1c, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n, c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t ra \u00e2m thanh theo s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ee5 cho B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1ee9ng theo c\u0103n c\u01a1 ch\u00fang sinh m\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n (14) \u0110\u1ea1o ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 bi\u1ebft kh\u1eafp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n sai bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. T\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean Thai ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tr\u00ed n\u00e0y v\u1edbi Gi\u1ea3 Qu\u00e1n trong ba qu\u00e1n: Kh\u00f4ng, Gi\u1ea3, Trung v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ed h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u do ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n sa ho\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n (15) Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng trong ngo\u00e0i, m\u1ed9t trong ba tr\u00ed. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed c\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a: chung v\u00e0 ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n Ngh\u0129a chung: Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ed. \u0110\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed. Theo Hoa Nghi\u00eam Kinh S\u1edb 16, Nh\u01b0 Lai d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 l\u1eadu th\u00ec tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n Ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang: Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng, xem th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Thanh v\u0103n, Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c. Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng, thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi sai bi\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt tr\u00ed th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng sai bi\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n Nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch danh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 ba ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n A. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n B. D\u1ecbch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/p>\n C. T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/p>\n Chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n a) \u0110\u1ed3ng danh t\u1eeb<\/p>\n C\u0169ng m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d, nh\u01b0ng s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu, ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d.<\/p>\n b) Ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n Ba ch\u1eef \u201cBa-la-m\u1eadt\u201d c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd kia, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd kia.<\/p>\n Trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cThi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng. V\u00ec h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu \u0111\u1eafm ch\u1ea5p, h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc tri ki\u1ebfn, h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1ea1i bi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 sinh, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd kia, n\u00ean n\u00f3i Ba-la-m\u1eadt l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1eady.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n (b\u1ed1n t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n) h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu, ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o, Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n \u201cBa-la-m\u1eadt\u201d, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c, (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 tho\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh h\u01a1n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y). Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. V\u00ec c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t trung \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, ph\u00e1t sinh ch\u00edn lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n l\u1edbn (C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n(1)), ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n(2), do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu, nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn chung, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 chia ra \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, danh t\u1eeb \u201cBa-la-m\u1eadt\u201d c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, cho n\u00ean Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cNg\u1eef ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, h\u1ec5 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt\u201d.<\/p>\n G\u1ed3m c\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n Chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n 1. D\u1ecbch danh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch danh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 1. D\u1ecbch danh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n Danh t\u1eeb \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d l\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft ch\u1eef thi\u1ec1n-na (dhyna), thu\u1ed9c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u1ecbch danh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nay l\u01b0\u1ee3c ra 3 ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n – Trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d l\u00e0 T\u01b0 duy tu.<\/p>\n – V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 ch\u1eef \u0110\u00e0n ba-la-m\u1eadt ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 B\u1ed1 th\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9, cho n\u00ean Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9, v\u00ec l\u1ea5y \u00fd ngh\u0129a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch danh t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n – Trong Lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m d\u1ecbch ch\u1eef \u201cthi\u1ec1n\u201d l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m.<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch danh t\u1eeb thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n Ba \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n a) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ri\u00eang<\/em><\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a danh t\u1eeb T\u01b0 duy tu l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u00e2n. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec t\u01b0 duy ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m suy ngh\u0129, tu l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tu t\u1eadp, n\u00ean tu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n Ch\u1eef Thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? \u0110\u1ecbnh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, t\u1ecbch t\u1ecbnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh d\u1ee9t t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 t\u1ecbch t\u0129nh (v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, y\u00ean t\u0129nh). Sau khi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch tu t\u1eadp, \u0111\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n D\u1ecbch ch\u1eef Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n – C\u00f4ng phu tu t\u1eadp l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – T\u00edch ch\u1ee9a c\u00f4ng phu th\u00e0nh t\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n – C\u00f4ng phu tu t\u1eadp mu\u00f4n h\u1ea1nh l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n – T\u00edch ch\u1ee9a th\u00e0nh mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 g\u1ed9p chung l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m. T\u00f9ng l\u00e2m: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y<\/p>\n c\u1ecf nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdc um t\u00f9m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00f9ng, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y l\u1edbn t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00e2m. C\u00e2y nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdc um t\u00f9m, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u1ecf trong nh\u00e2n, r\u1eebng c\u00e2y l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9c l\u1edbn trong qu\u1ea3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 suy ra th\u00ec danh t\u1eeb C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n b) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chung<\/em><\/p>\n Danh t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n d\u1ecbch ra ba \u00fd ngh\u0129a, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Nh\u01b0 danh t\u1eeb T\u01b0 duy tu, tuy ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec \u201ct\u0129nh l\u1ef1\u201d trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy, tu t\u1eeb th\u1ea5p l\u00ean cao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u1eedu tu(3), (Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9), c\u0103n c\u1ee9 theo \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1eef Tu, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trong qu\u1ea3, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u01b0 duy.<\/p>\n Danh t\u1eeb \u201c\u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0 Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba t\u00e2m s\u1ed1(4), tuy t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ed1ng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh, chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m nhi\u1ebfp ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, v\u00ec sao kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh? Cho n\u00ean trong nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a danh t\u1eeb C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 trong nh\u00e2n, \u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc; do n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng, n\u00ean nh\u00e2n tu m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c. \u00dd ngh\u0129a ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ee9c trong qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i qua, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i ch\u1eef c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u1edf tr\u00ean qu\u1ea3, xa l\u00eca l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m t\u1ecbch t\u0129nh, d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang sinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0nh, g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m.<\/p>\n Do c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch danh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 l\u1eadp ngh\u0129a ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 (kh\u00ed \u00e1c) b\u1ecf \u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 (t\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eadt) nhanh ch\u00f3ng, hay l\u00e0 (tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5) tr\u1ee5 th\u00e2m s\u00e2u. Nh\u1eefng danh t\u1eeb v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p ch\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n Chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n 1. Phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch danh t\u1eeb<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch danh t\u1eeb<\/p>\n 1. Phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch danh t\u1eeb Ba-la-m\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n Danh t\u1eeb Ba-la-m\u1eadt (Pramit) c\u00f3 ba n\u01a1i d\u1ecbch kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n – Trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn, \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch Ba-la-m\u1eadt l\u00e0<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1o b\u1ec9 ng\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n – Trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 C\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n – Kinh Th\u1ee5y \u1ee8ng d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch danh t\u1eeb Ba-la-m\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ba danh t\u1eeb n\u00e0y, chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n: Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ri\u00eang v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chung, trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd.<\/p>\n a) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ri\u00eang<\/em><\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1o b\u1ec9 ng\u1ea1n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd kia, ng\u1ea1n l\u00e0 b\u1edd sinh t\u1eed, b\u1ec9 ng\u1ea1n l\u00e0 b\u1edd kia Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 vi di\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u01b0\u1ee1i thuy\u1ec1n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1eeb b\u1edd sinh t\u1eed v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd kia Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u01a1i l\u00fd th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ch\u1eef C\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00ec ch\u00fang sinh, tu \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng. N\u00ean trong Kinh Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t nh\u00e2n tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf trong t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c tu h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd. Do s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a vi t\u1ebf s\u00e2u xa, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd n\u00ean n\u00f3i Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n b) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chung<\/em><\/p>\n Phi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ea3 ba danh t\u1eeb tr\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd, do t\u00f9y duy\u00ean gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a ch\u00fang sinh, n\u00ean l\u1eadp danh t\u1eeb ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t sinh t\u1eed, l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u00fd h\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u00fd th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt hay kh\u00f4ng Ph\u1eadt, t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tho\u00e1t sinh t\u1eed sao? Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo tu h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1eady.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh c\u0169ng t\u1eeb n\u01a1i l\u00fd m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb tr\u00ean l\u00fd th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi s\u1ef1 tu, n\u00ean n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u00fd th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00f9y theo c\u01a1 duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang sinh, ra v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00fd, l\u1ebd n\u00e0o c\u00f3 chu\u1ea9n t\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n N\u00ean bi\u1ebft danh t\u1eeb thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u00fd th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1eabn nhau, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i, suy ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Ba-la-m\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ed9i quy th\u00fa c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 10 s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi:<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft x\u1ee9 v.v… sao kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi ri\u00eang Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Thi\u1ec1n th\u1eadt v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i danh t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt l\u00e0 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Trong T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 108 tam-mu\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 : B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft x\u1ee9, T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m, Ng\u0169 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, Luy\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh, Th\u1eadp t\u1ee9 bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u00e2m, V\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i(5), Nguy\u1ec7n, Tr\u00ed, \u0110\u1ea3nh, Thi\u1ec1n, Th\u1ee7-l\u0103ng-nghi\u00eam(6) v.v…<\/p>\n 120 tam-mu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf trong Thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n, nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00f9 th\u1eafng vi di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i ch\u1eef \u201cThi\u1ec1n\u201d l\u00e0 bao h\u00e0m th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp h\u1ebft, cho n\u00ean Thi\u1ec1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ecbnh V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 Trung gian thi\u1ec1n th\u00ec tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c \u00edt, T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00ec tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u00edt m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 xe c\u00f3 hai b\u00e1nh, m\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh c\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 m\u1ec1m, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n D\u00f9ng danh t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft minh Ba-la- m\u1eadt th\u00ec bao h\u00e0m th\u00e2u t\u00f3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao? Ch\u1eef Thi\u1ec1n \u1edf Trung Hoa v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 T\u01b0 duy tu, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u do c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u01b0 duy m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, n\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb Ba-la-m\u1eadt. Kinh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 100 lo\u1ea1i ba-la-m\u1eadt, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 n\u00f3i B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9 v.v… c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n (S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n, tam thi\u1ec1n, t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n) l\u00e0 c\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb \u201cThi\u1ec1n\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tam-mu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt v.v… gi\u1ed1ng nhau hay kh\u00e1c nhau ?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: N\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn chung th\u00ec danh v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a qua l\u1ea1i l\u1eabn nhau; n\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn ri\u00eang t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n, danh v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1eafc ri\u00eang.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n (t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n) l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tam-mu\u1ed9i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ecbnh V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 Trung gian thi\u1ec1n, tuy ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh, do kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Tam-mu\u1ed9i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng tam-mu\u1ed9i, V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng tam-mu\u1ed9i v.v\u2026 ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tam-mu\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9, L\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng, T\u1ee9 bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ba th\u1ee9 Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Tam-mu\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tam- mu\u1ed9i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n C\u1eedu th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh tuy c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 ba ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi Thi\u1ec1n tam- mu\u1ed9i, n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c Tam mu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 Gi\u00e1c, c\u00f3 Qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 S\u01b0 t\u1eed tam-mu\u1ed9i, Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i, V\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i v.v… tuy c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ba ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tam-mu\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec7n, Tr\u00ed, \u0110\u1ea3nh v.v\u2026 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 ba ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tam-mu\u1ed9i, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tam-mu\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u1ee7-l\u0103ng-nghi\u00eam nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o trong ba ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt, n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n trong 100 Ba-la-m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Nay ph\u00e2n t\u00edch b\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p: Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tam-mu\u1ed9i, Ba-la-m\u1eadt nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o t\u00f9y duy\u00ean l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00fang sinh, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00ean trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn d\u1ef1ng l\u1eadp c\u00e1c danh t\u1eeb (Thi\u1ec1n, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tam-mu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt) h\u00e0m \u00fd th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 th\u1ea5y, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea7m ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n Trong kinh lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft minh Ba-la-m\u1eadt, v\u00ec b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n (t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n) l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u do b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh, n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 an tr\u1ee5, cho n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang Thi\u1ec1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn danh t\u1eeb Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb hay c\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Trong Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cPh\u1eadt t\u00ednh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 n\u0103m danh t\u1eeb: Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam, B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, Trung \u0111\u1ea1o, Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tam-mu\u1ed9i, \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n\u201d. C\u0169ng g\u1ecdi Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n N\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u, th\u00f9 th\u1eafng c\u00f3 ghi ch\u00e9p trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng danh t\u1eeb, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ba-la-m\u1eadt. N\u00ean Kinh Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i :<\/p>\n B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n Ph\u1eadt thuy\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean,<\/p>\n T\u00f9y m\u1ed7i lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang sinh,<\/p>\n M\u00e0 l\u1eadp ri\u00eang t\u00ean g\u1ecdi.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3,<\/p>\n T\u00e2m h\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u di\u1ec7t,<\/p>\n V\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc,<\/p>\n S\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f3c li\u1ec1n tan s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n Do \u0111\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m sao kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3? N\u1ebfu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh, l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh t\u1eeb Ba-la-m\u1eadt?<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p: Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam, \u0110\u00e1o b\u1ec9 ng\u1ea1n v.v… ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh, v\u00ec sao thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 n\u00f3i qu\u1ea3, t\u00f9y theo ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. Theo \u0110\u1ed1n gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cS\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh, c\u1ea3 hai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sai kh\u00e1c\u201d. Do nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu h\u00e0nh, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ba-la-m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 2: <\/strong><\/p>\n (1) C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n: 9 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n Theo Ph\u00e1p Hoa Huy\u1ec1n Ngh\u0129a 4, khi so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c th\u00ec C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1-h\u1ed3, l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n (2) \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n (Ma-ha b\u00e1t-ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n-na) (\u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0110\u1ea1i vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch): c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Theo Thi\u00ean Thai T\u1ee9 Gi\u00e1o Nghi T\u1eadp Ch\u00fa, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u0110\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n, di\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, l\u00e0 ba \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt. Theo Kinh Ni\u1ebft-B\u00e0n (b\u1ea3n b\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ea1i 12, 521, trung) ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ma-ha-t\u00e1t tu \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1edf ki\u1ebfn, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1edf ki\u1ebfn th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n\u201d.<\/p>\n (3) S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n c\u1eedu tu (s\u1ed1 kinh, s\u1ed1 s\u01b0, s\u1ed1 gia, s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n): t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed9c Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9, (T\u00e1t-ba-\u0111a-b\u1ed9) c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb g\u1ecdi thay cho Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9.<\/p>\n S\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 Hu\u1ec7 s\u1ed1, hai l\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1. N\u00f3i theo ngh\u0129a Hu\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 th\u00ec trong tam h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a tam t\u1ea1ng, Thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 A-t\u1ef3-\u0111\u00e0m, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00f4ng A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m. Gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng hu\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9ng l\u00fd; nh\u01b0ng gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a t\u00f4ng n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1eb7ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m s\u1edf h\u1eefu ph\u00e1p, n\u00ean th\u1eddi x\u01b0a g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1ed1. Do \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft t\u00f4ng n\u00e0y d\u00f9ng hu\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, cho n\u00ean g\u1ecdi lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i theo ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1, thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u1eadp 75 ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1. V\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, n\u00ean gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u00f3i ra ho\u1eb7c lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn. Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i Nam B\u1eafc tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi S\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o quen g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb trong T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ecba Lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecba s\u01b0, T\u00f4ng Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt Lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 Lu\u1eadn gia, Nhi\u1ebfp Lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 Nhi\u1ebfp s\u01b0, theo \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb trong T\u00f4ng A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m l\u00e0 S\u1ed1 gia, S\u1ed1 s\u01b0, S\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong s\u00e1u ph\u00e1i tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn. Gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 suy l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, t\u00ean ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y tuy gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi t\u00ean S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn (A-t\u1ef3- \u0111\u00e0m) c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ngh\u0129a th\u00ec kh\u00e1c xa n\u00ean g\u1ecdi ph\u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 S\u1ed1 Lu\u1eadn Ngo\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi S\u1ed1 lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n (4) Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba t\u00e2m s\u1ed1: l\u00e0 (10 t\u00e2m s\u1edf) t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi sinh kh\u1edfi v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m: th\u1ee5, t\u01b0\u1edfng, t\u01b0, x\u00fac, d\u1ee5c, hu\u1ec7, ni\u1ec7m, t\u00e1c \u00fd, th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i, tam-ma-\u0111\u1ecba, (tam-ma-\u0111\u1ecba l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u00ec t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh).<\/p>\n (5) V\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i: ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ee5 trong l\u00fd Kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u00e0i Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd Kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t, cho n\u00ean trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt, S\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n Kinh Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ea1i 8, 749, h\u1ea1 ghi: \u201cPh\u1eadt n\u00f3i con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc nh\u1ea5t trong lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 A-la-h\u00e1n ly d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t\u201d. Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng L\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u1edb Th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Nguy\u00ean Hi\u1ec1n cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1eadc ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp V\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i, do hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd Kh\u00f4ng cho n\u00ean m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u qu\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m n\u00e3o h\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sinh, c\u0169ng l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng S\u01a1 m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Vi\u00ean gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng khi tu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh Qu\u00e1n, Luy\u1ec7n, Hu\u00e2n, Tu, th\u00ec li\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng Th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i A-la-h\u00e1n, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng, tam minh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n (6) Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam (Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam tam-ma-\u0111\u1ecba, Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Gi\u00e0 Tam-ma-\u0111\u1ec1, Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam \u0111\u1ecbnh): \u00fd ngh\u0129a (\u0110\u1ea1i c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh, Ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng tam mu\u1ed9i, Ki\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh, D\u0169ng ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecbnh, D\u0169ng \u0111\u1ecbnh) \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y nhi\u1ebfp gi\u1eef c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, l\u00e0 1 trong 108 tam-mu\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc. Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 47, \u0111\u1ea1i 25, 398, h\u1ea1, ghi: \u201cTh\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam tam- mu\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Ki\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c tam-mu\u1ed9i s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n, nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt, nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a binh s\u0129 m\u1ea1nh hay y\u1ebfu. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00e1c ma phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb Chuy\u1ec3n Lu\u00e2n Th\u00e1nh V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9i binh t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ecfi, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3\u201d.<\/p>\n Theo Kinh Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam Tam Mu\u1ed9i, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1eedu \u0111\u1ecba ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tam mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam Tam Mu\u1ed9i g\u1ed3m 100 h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c: chuy\u1ec3n t\u00e2m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t c\u00e1c t\u00e2m ch\u00fang sinh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c c\u0103n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed9n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh. Tam- mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c, m\u1ed9t duy\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tam- mu\u1ed9i, th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 \u00fd, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c khe su\u1ed1i, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3. Cho n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n nh\u01b0: tam- mu\u1ed9i, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, \u0111\u00e0-la-ni th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m trong Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam tam-mu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, 25 (b\u1ea3n Nam) cho r\u1eb1ng Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam tam-mu\u1ed9i, tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 5 danh t\u1eeb: Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam tam-mu\u1ed9i, B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt, Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tam-mu\u1ed9i, S\u01b0 t\u1eed h\u1ed1ng tam-mu\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh, \u201cTh\u1ee7 l\u0103ng\u201d ch\u1ec9 cho r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o, \u201cNghi\u00eam\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n (Thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 hai m\u00f4n: S\u1eafc, T\u00e2m v\u00e0 ba lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n: Th\u1ebf gian, Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng)<\/em><\/p>\n Sau khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a danh t\u1eeb Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh Thi\u1ec1n ba- la-m\u1eadt, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn tu, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0o c\u1eeda. Nay gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0o c\u1eeda, c\u00f3 ba ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n A. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n m\u00f4n<\/p>\n B. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch<\/p>\n C. T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu t\u00ecm trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 S\u1eafc v\u00e0 T\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi:<\/p>\n Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc,<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n qu\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt,<\/p>\n C\u0169ng n\u00ean qu\u00e1n danh, s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n Tuy t\u00e2m si nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edfng,<\/p>\n V\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t,<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n Ra ngo\u00e0i danh v\u00e0 s\u1eafc.<\/p>\n N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 S\u1eafc, c\u00f3 hai ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, nh\u01b0 trong kinh ghi: \u201cHai c\u1eeda cam l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n s\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, nh\u01b0 trong kinh ghi: \u201cQu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m t\u00ednh, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d.<\/p>\n Nay chia ri\u00eang ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc v\u00e0 T\u00e2m g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n – Th\u1ebf gian thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n Cho n\u00ean trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eadp c\u00f3 n\u00f3i ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m:<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Sinh \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng sinh kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m<\/p>\n Trong ba m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch.<\/p>\n I- Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ri\u00eang<\/p>\n II- Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chung<\/p>\n Ch\u1eef \u201cM\u00f4n\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf gian, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t qua l\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n D\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, T\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eafng, Th\u00f4ng minh thi\u1ec1n v.v\u2026 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Sinh \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m. N\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu.<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n S\u1eafc l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n D\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh, B\u00e1t ni\u1ec7m, Th\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft x\u1ee9, C\u1eedu th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, S\u01b0 t\u1eed ph\u1ea5n t\u1ea5n tam-mu\u1ed9i, Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i v.v\u2026 \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m. N\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n T\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n D\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, xoay l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u00e2m t\u00ednh, th\u00ec t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i l\u1edbn: Ph\u00e1p Hoa tam-mu\u1ed9i(1), Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i(2), B\u00e1t chu tam-mu\u1ed9i(3), Gi\u00e1c \u00fd(4), Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam cho \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec1n, Thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec1n v.v\u2026 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng sinh kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m. N\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. Do nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, n\u00ean l\u1ea5y ba ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1eeda v\u00e0o thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: C\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, v\u00ec sao ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng ba ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 ba nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u1eadp ba ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n a) Nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n b) T\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n d\u1ecb<\/p>\n c) Nhi\u1ebfp ph\u00e1p t\u1eadn<\/p>\n a) Nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/strong><\/p>\n Trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eadp ghi: \u201cL\u00fac m\u1edbi th\u1ecd thai b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y, thai nhi c\u00f3 ba \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng, no\u00e3n, th\u1ee9c. H\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng. C\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m cho s\u1eafc th\u00e2n thai nhi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u00f4i, b\u1ecb h\u01b0 n\u00e1t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 No\u00e3n\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1eafc th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u01b0 n\u00e1t, h\u00f4i th\u1ed1i. \u00dd trong t\u00e2m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m gi\u00e1c bi\u1ebft trong s\u00e1t-na v\u1eady. Ba ph\u00e1p: no\u00e3n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf, th\u1ee9c h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, khi\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi sinh \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng t\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m. Nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m phu ngu m\u00ea kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft, v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u00e2n, ng\u00e3, ch\u00fang sinh v.v\u2026 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c, nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n, sinh t\u00e2m ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p nhi\u1ec5m \u00f4. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o m\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o sinh t\u1eed qua l\u1ea1i trong Tam gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu truy t\u00ecm t\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c sinh m\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i ba ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, cho n\u00ean l\u1ea5y ba ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m c\u1eeda, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u00edt v\u1eady.<\/p>\n b) T\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n d\u1ecb<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00f9y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n d\u1ec5, n\u00ean l\u1eadp ba ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n 1. Nh\u00e2n qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 tu, th\u00ec c\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh :<\/p>\n – Nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1eafc thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n – D\u1ec5 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n 2. D\u00f9ng S\u1eafc l\u00e0m ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n – \u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m tham d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n – D\u1ec5 li\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u01b0 gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n 3. D\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n T\u00e2m, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n – H\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n – D\u1ec5 ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n c) Nhi\u1ebfp ph\u00e1p t\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf, Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m, Qu\u00e1n s\u1eafc b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, ba ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n m\u00f4n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau ra ba ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n – Nh\u01b0 trong ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf, c\u00f3 l\u00fac d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfm h\u01a1i th\u1edf, ho\u1eb7c theo h\u01a1i th\u1edf, ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu h\u01a1i th\u1edf. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi tu ch\u1ee9ng c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n – Nh\u01b0 trong ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 l\u00fac qu\u00e1n Ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc, ho\u1eb7c N\u1ed9i s\u1eafc, ho\u1eb7c Qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb bi, Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, cho \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u00e1n th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Do ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n – Nh\u01b0 trong ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m, ho\u1eb7c tu Ch\u1ec9, ho\u1eb7c Qu\u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c Gi\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c Li\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ea1t, ho\u1eb7c Gi\u00e1c li\u1ec5u c\u00e1c t\u00e2m nh\u1eadp ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t sinh T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 T\u00e2m Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng t\u00e2m, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 T\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i T\u00e2m. Do tu ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n Cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i ba m\u00f4n n\u00e0y bao h\u00e0m c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, \u00fd n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7 v\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8 ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tu ch\u1ee9ng, m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u00e2m di\u1ec7u trong \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n Th\u1eadt ra c\u1ea3 ba ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n: Th\u1ebf gian, Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec1n. V\u00ec sao?<\/p>\n – Nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n th\u1ebf gian. V\u00ec trong T\u1ef3- ni lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1ng, Ph\u1eadt v\u00ec h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Thanh v\u0103n m\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft 16 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf, \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed y theo \u0111\u00f3 tu h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc Th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3. Cho n\u00ean ph\u00e1p S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Nh\u01b0 trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cPh\u00e1p A-na-ba-na l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ma-ha-di\u1ec5n (\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba)\u201d. Trong Kinh Th\u1ec9nh Qu\u00e1n \u00c2m ghi: \u201cD\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ‘L\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00fa'(5) v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft minh qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Tam th\u1eeba\u201d. Cho n\u00ean ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf, \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf gian?<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n S\u1eafc l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang ph\u00e1p tu c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 ph\u00e0m phu ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec trong Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n ghi: \u201cNgo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb T\u00e2m, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ta r\u1ea5t kh\u00e9o \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m\u201d. Cho n\u00ean ph\u00e0m phu c\u0169ng qu\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p. Ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n S\u1eafc c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, nh\u01b0 trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cQu\u00e1n s\u1eafc th\u00e2n s\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbng, h\u01b0 th\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tu c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ma-ha-di\u1ec5n\u201d. Cho n\u00ean ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n S\u1eafc \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian?<\/p>\n – D\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n T\u00e2m l\u00e0m c\u1eeda thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec h\u00e0ng ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m, do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1edfi (T\u1ee9 th\u1eadp b\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn) 48 th\u1ee9 ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p. Ph\u00e0m phu d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m, nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng, th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ph\u00e1p Thanh v\u0103n. Nh\u01b0 trong Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n ghi: \u201cH\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ta kh\u00e9o \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xa l\u00eca r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c trong tam gi\u1edbi\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n T\u00e2m v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n Cho n\u00ean ba m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, h\u1ed7 th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ea1i l\u1eabn nhau, c\u0103n c\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m tu h\u00e0nh, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ba h\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u00ean khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9, ph\u1ea7n Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt, s\u1ebd n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng th\u00eam.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: \u0110\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chung v\u00e0 ri\u00eang, v\u00ec sao ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i th\u00eam ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung v\u00e0 ri\u00eang, v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang sinh ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh v\u1eady, ch\u1eb3ng n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: C\u1ea3 ba m\u00f4n xen l\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0: C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec1n ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thi\u1ec1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba tu \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i th\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n Ba-la- m\u1eadt th\u00ec t\u00f9y \u00fd v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: V\u00ec sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n: C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i, T\u00e2m t\u1eeb v.v\u2026 th\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1t, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do tu ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, duy\u00ean h\u1ebft th\u00ec c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi di\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp. \u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1edbng, s\u1ebd n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 h\u01a1n. Hai m\u00f4n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3: <\/strong><\/p>\n (1) Ph\u00e1p Hoa tam-mu\u1ed9i (Ph\u00e1p Hoa s\u00e1m): Ph\u00e1p Hoa tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y y c\u1ee9 theo Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa v\u00e0 Kinh Qu\u00e1n Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y 37 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n, v\u1ecb h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ee5ng kinh ho\u1eb7c kinh h\u00e0nh, ho\u1eb7c khi \u0111\u1ee9ng, ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0 duy qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t l\u00fd th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng trung \u0111\u1ea1o. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb nghi ch\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp ng\u0169 h\u1ed1i: s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, khuy\u1ebfn th\u1ec9nh, t\u00f9y h\u1ef7, h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00eam ng\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u00e1u th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n a) Th\u00e2n khai gi\u00e0: Khai l\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111i v\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i, Gi\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7.<\/p>\n b) Kh\u1ea9u thuy\u1ebft m\u1eb7c: mi\u1ec7ng t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, kh\u00f4ng xen t\u1ea1p c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n c) \u00dd ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n – c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n – H\u1eefu t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 y theo ph\u1ea9m Khuy\u1ebfn Ph\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00fac \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam s\u00e1u th\u1eddi s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u c\u0103n.<\/p>\n – V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u00e0nh l\u00e0 y theo ph\u1ea9m An L\u1ea1c H\u1ea1nh, nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e2m s\u00e2u vi di\u1ec7u, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1u c\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t trung \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a tam \u0111\u1ebf.<\/p>\n (2) Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i: qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n a) Nh\u00e2n h\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i: c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, qu\u00e1n th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u01b0ng danh hi\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n b) Qu\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tu th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ba lo\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n h\u00e0nh. V\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ba \u0111\u1eddi m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00ec Ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n, B\u00e1o th\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ee8ng th\u00e2n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t n\u00ean qu\u00e1n ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u01b0ng danh hi\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n (3) B\u00e1t chu tam-mu\u1ed9i: m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1edd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tu t\u1eadp v\u1eeba \u0111i v\u1eeba ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n (4) Gi\u00e1c \u00fd tam-mu\u1ed9i: Tam-mu\u1ed9i phi h\u00e0nh, phi t\u1ecda, tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t trong 4 lo\u1ea1i tam-mu\u1ed9i do T\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean Thai l\u1eadp, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi, l\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ni\u1ec7m kh\u1edfi li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft, \u00fd kh\u1edfi li\u1ec1n tu tam-mu\u1ed9i. Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1c \u00fd tam-mu\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0i Hu\u1ec7 T\u01b0 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00f9y t\u1ef1 \u00fd tam-mu\u1ed9i<\/p>\n (5) L\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00fa: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0-la-ni s\u00e1u ch\u1eef: L\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00fa \u0110\u00e0-la-ni c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m, L\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Qu\u00e1n Th\u1ebf \u00c2m, L\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t V\u0103n Th\u00f9, L\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i minh c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n (Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tu thi\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb s\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3)<\/em><\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n m\u00f4n, h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m cho \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, trong th\u1eddi gian tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1eeb c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u1ee9 b\u1eadc. Nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111em gi\u00e1o l\u00fd kinh v\u00e0 lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ma-ha-t\u00e1t tu h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp, h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp\u201d.<\/p>\n Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n A. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n B. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n tai h\u1ecda n\u01a1i D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, tu t\u1eadp duy\u00ean ni\u1ec7m n\u01a1i h\u01a1i th\u1edf, nh\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u1ee9ng S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ebfn T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 N\u1ed9i s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh (\u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00f5i S\u1eafc).<\/p>\n K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0m c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c l\u1edbn, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sung s\u01b0\u1edbng, vui v\u1ebb, l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh (\u0111\u1ecbnh ngo\u00e0i c\u00f5i S\u1eafc).<\/p>\n T\u00e1m th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y tuy duy\u00ean n\u01a1i hai c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n tai h\u1ecda v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u1ee5c t\u00f9, di\u1ec7t b\u1ecf hai th\u1ee9 N\u1ed9i s\u1eafc v\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1i s\u1eafc, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m duy\u00ean n\u01a1i Kh\u00f4ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua n\u1ea1n S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. M\u01b0\u1eddi hai m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n Thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. Sau khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u1ed3i, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf t\u00e2m ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p trong thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n \u1edf D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi tu L\u1ee5c di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec trong L\u1ee5c di\u1ec7u m\u00f4n th\u00ec ba ph\u00e1p: S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c, T\u00f9y t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f2n ba ph\u00e1p: Qu\u00e1n, Ho\u00e0n v\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb7c s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a L\u1ee5c di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh \u00e1i, Tu\u1ec7 s\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ecbnh \u00e1i: Do tham \u00e1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 H\u1eefu l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n Tu\u1ec7 s\u00e1ch: Do tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 V\u00f4 l\u1eadu. Ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u201cL\u1ee5c di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p\u201d ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u1edf trong \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 khi tu \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n K\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eafng, n\u1ebfu theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ec1u ngang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi T\u1ee9 ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9. Theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do l\u00fac tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1eadp T\u1ee9 ni\u1ec7m x\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t sinh Thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n K\u1ebf l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e1p tu Th\u00f4ng minh qu\u00e1n, v\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eafng \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0 do d\u00f9ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n n\u00ean c\u00f2n th\u00f4, nay tu Th\u00f4ng minh qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00ean r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1p tu Th\u00f4ng minh qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn Phi t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nh\u1eadp Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, ba lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec1n, c\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n thu\u1ed9c trong ph\u1ea1m vi C\u0103n b\u1ea3n thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n Nay n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, c\u00f3 hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng: H\u1ea1nh h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 Tu\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n I- H\u1ea0NH H\u00c0NH TH\u1ee8 L\u1edaP<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n: Qu\u00e1n, Luy\u1ec7n, Hu\u00e2n, Tu.<\/p>\n 1. Qu\u00e1n thi\u1ec1n:<\/strong> g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 6 lo\u1ea1i :<\/p>\n a) \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tu qu\u00e1n C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng: v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n b) K\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 tu B\u00e1t ni\u1ec7m: \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb t\u00e2m s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i ph\u00e1t sinh, trong khi tu ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n c) Qu\u00e1n Th\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edfng: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u00e1p ho\u1ea1i \u1edf trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, tu ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n Th\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o trong Tam gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n d) Tu ph\u00e1p B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1i, d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb tri ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u0103n b\u1ea3n thi\u1ec1n \u1edf Tam gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n e) Tu B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9: l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u1edf trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh duy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n f) Tu Th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft x\u1ee9: l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ecbnh mu\u1ed1n qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, khi\u1ebfn T\u00e2m v\u00e0 S\u1eafc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn tu ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1u th\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Qu\u00e1n thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n 2. Luy\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u1eedu th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, bao qu\u00e1t hai th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, trong l\u00fac nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Cho n\u00ean Tam tam- mu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 qu\u00e1n v.v\u2026 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a Luy\u1ec7n thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n 3. Hu\u00e2n thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 S\u01b0 T\u1eed ph\u1ea5n t\u1ea5n tam-mu\u1ed9i. Xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch hu\u00e2n tu c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00eam t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch.<\/p>\n 4. Tu thi\u1ec1n<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n si\u00eau nh\u1eadp si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n Trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ma-ha-t\u00e1t tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 Ba-la-m\u1eadt, d\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Tam-mu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 tam-mu\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0: tam-mu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Thanh v\u0103n, tam-mu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt, tam-mu\u1ed9i B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v.v… \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadp\u201d.<\/p>\n \u201cC\u00e1c tam-mu\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c\u201d t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tam-mu\u1ed9i Thanh v\u0103n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ba lo\u1ea1i Tam-mu\u1ed9i: Kh\u00f4ng, V\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng, V\u00f4 nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o, T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh. Tam-mu\u1ed9i B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean tam-mu\u1ed9i. Tam-mu\u1ed9i B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec1n v.v… \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tam-mu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1ee5 trong c\u00e1c Tam-mu\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp C\u1eedu th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1eedu th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp S\u01b0 t\u1eed ph\u1ea5n t\u1ea5n tam-mu\u1ed9i, n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i S\u01b0 t\u1eed ph\u1ea5n t\u1ea5n tam-mu\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 thu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecbch xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i. B\u1ed3- t\u00e1t n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i c\u00e1c tam-mu\u1ed9i, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng v.v\u2026 m\u1edbi ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi h\u1ea1nh h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1i A-la-h\u00e1n c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n II- TU\u1ec6 H\u00c0NH TH\u1ee8 L\u1edaP<\/strong><\/p>\n – Do nghe ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, tu Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Tam gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t m\u00f4n. (Kh\u00f4ng, V\u00f4 T\u01b0\u1edbng, V\u00f4 Nguy\u1ec7n) k\u1ebf l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng (Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n)(1) 16 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1eadp tr\u00ed(2), Tam v\u00f4 l\u1eadu(3) c\u0103n, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u C\u1eedu tu(4), ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u1eedu \u0111o\u1ea1n(5). Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu c\u1ee7a Thanh v\u0103n.<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tu Tu\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 l\u1eadu c\u1ee7a B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n – Tu\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 l\u1eadu c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc Tr\u00ed \u0111o\u1ea1n(6), \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1eeb Gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadp Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n.<\/p>\n Cho n\u00ean Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ma-ha- t\u00e1t h\u00e0nh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt, d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb C\u00e0n tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba(7) nh\u1eadp T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba(8), B\u00e1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba(9), Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba(10), Ly d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba(11), A-la-h\u00e1n(12) v\u00e0 B\u00edch-chi Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba(13), \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9ng\u201d.<\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t:<\/p>\n C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n(14):<\/p>\n 1. T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 2. Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129a thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 3. Nan thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 4. Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 5. Thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 6. Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 7. Tr\u1eeb n\u00e3o thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 8. Th\u1eed th\u1ebf tha th\u1ebf l\u1ea1c thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n 9. Thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec1n<\/p>\n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu 9 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea1i B\u1ed3- \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p: Th\u1eadp l\u1ef1c(15), T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u00fay(16), Th\u1eadp b\u00e1t b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng(17) v.v…<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n, n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp tu h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o, cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTr\u1ee5 trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n\u201d. \u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n tu ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7 v\u00e0 trong ph\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 8, s\u1ebd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1i S\u0129 v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, do \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp tu h\u00e0nh, th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp tu h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, hay kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Nay v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n, cho n\u00ean m\u1edbi ph\u00e2n chia th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n, t\u00f9y ch\u1ed7 \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb, h\u1ecd m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tu t\u1eeb c\u1eeda ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, trong An t\u00e2m thi\u1ec1n m\u00f4n s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu thi\u1ec1n, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tu theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp, hay kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n 1. Theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n 2. Kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n 3. Theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp, kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n 4. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n 1. Theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/strong><\/p>\n Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp tu, th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d.<\/p>\n 2. Kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/strong><\/p>\n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu Ph\u00e1p Hoa tam-mu\u1ed9i, Nh\u1ea5t H\u1ea1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i(18) v.v\u2026 qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, kh\u00f4ng s\u00e2u, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp. Kinh V\u00f4 L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 ghi: \u201c\u0110i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng l\u1edbn, kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p kh\u1ed5 n\u1ea1n ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/p>\n 3. Theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/strong><\/p>\n Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cNg\u00e0i Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt: \u2018T\u00e2m n\u00ean th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, n\u00ean sinh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, n\u00ean tu B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ch\u0103ng?\u2019 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y \u00f4ng Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1: \u2018Th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca T\u00e1t-b\u00e0-nh\u00e3 (Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh) l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, l\u00e0 sinh B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, l\u00e0 tu B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3\u2019\u201d.<\/p>\n 4. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/strong><\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 b\u1ea1ch Ph\u1eadt: \u201cH\u1ebft th\u1ea3y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, v\u00ec sao B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba?\u201d. Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i: \u201cDo c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng, n\u00ean B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba\u201d.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: B\u1ed1n c\u00e2u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, c\u00f2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba tu thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: H\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y. V\u00ec sao? Thanh v\u0103n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u201cH\u1ea1nh h\u00e0nh\u201d, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tu t\u1eeb n\u01a1i S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t Tam-mu\u1ed9i m\u1edbi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c c\u0103n t\u00e1nh Thanh v\u0103n nghe Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i \u201cThi\u1ec7n lai!\u201d li\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 Tam minh(19), B\u00e1t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t(20) v.v\u2026 \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c c\u0103n t\u00e1nh Thanh v\u0103n khi tu H\u1ea1nh h\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng Tu\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh, kh\u00e9o qu\u00e1n t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng. T\u1eeb s\u01a1 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c c\u0103n t\u00e1nh Thanh v\u0103n t\u1eeb khi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n tu Tu\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh, do \u201c\u0110i\u1ec7n quang tam-mu\u1ed9i\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1t, ch\u1ee9ng T\u1ee9 qu\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1eefu vi, n\u00ean m\u1edbi th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp tu \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp v\u1eady.<\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 10 trong quy\u1ec3n 7 v\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n 8 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u1ea7n tu ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 r\u00f5.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4: <\/strong><\/p>\n (1) Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n: (Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e1n, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c th\u00e1nh h\u1ea1nh, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebf, T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng)<\/p>\n 16 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p:<\/p>\n 1\/ B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf: V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng: qu\u00e1n 5 th\u1ecd \u1ea5m do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sanh, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n sanh di\u1ec7t; Kh\u1ed5: qu\u00e1n 5 \u1ea5m l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5 v\u00ec v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch; Kh\u00f4ng: qu\u00e1n 5 th\u1ecd \u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng hay d\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng; V\u00f4 ng\u00e3: qu\u00e1n trong 5 \u1ea5m ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc, l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng, l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh v\u00f4 ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n 2\/ B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf: T\u1eadp: qu\u00e1n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o do nghi\u1ec7p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p chi\u00eau qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5; Nh\u00e2n: qu\u00e1n 6 nh\u00e2n sanh qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5; Duy\u00ean: qu\u00e1n 4 duy\u00ean (\u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, b\u00e1nh xe, d\u00e2y v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc) sanh qu\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5; Sinh: sau khi th\u1ecd sanh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 5 \u1ea5m.<\/p>\n 3\/ B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf: T\u1eadn: qu\u00e1n khi Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, c\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft; Di\u1ec7t: qu\u00e1n c\u00e1c l\u1eeda phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eaft; Di\u1ec7u: Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ho\u1ea1n n\u1ea1n; Ly: qu\u00e1n Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n xa l\u00eca sanh t\u1eed th\u1ebf gian v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1c tai \u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n 4\/ B\u1ed1n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf: \u0110\u1ea1o: qu\u00e1n 37 ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n; Ch\u00e1nh: qu\u00e1n 37 ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 kh\u1ebf h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd; T\u00edch: qu\u00e1n 37 ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n \u0111i; Th\u1eeba: qu\u00e1n 37 ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn tam gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u00e1i ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a 16 h\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p. Qu\u00e1n v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p: th\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1ea1c, ng\u00e3 s\u1edf, ng\u00e3 ki\u1ebfn; Qu\u00e1n T\u1eadp, Nh\u00e2n, Duy\u00ean, Sinh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p: v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n, nh\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n, bi\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n, tri ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n; Qu\u00e1n T\u1eadn, Di\u1ec7t, Di\u1ec7u, Ly \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p: kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng, t\u0129nh l\u1ef1, v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng; Qu\u00e1n \u0110\u1ea1o, Ch\u00e1nh, T\u00edch, Th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p: v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o, d\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o, tho\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n (2) Th\u1eadp tr\u00ed: 10 tr\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t theo t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n 1\/ Th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n 2\/ Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu duy\u00ean n\u01a1i l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n 3\/ Lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu t\u00f9y theo ph\u00e1p tr\u00ed m\u00e0 sinh, duy\u00ean theo T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf c\u00f5i s\u1eafc v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n 4\/ Kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n 5\/ T\u1eadp.<\/p>\n 6\/ Di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n 7\/ \u0110\u1ea1o: (B\u1ed1n tr\u00ed 4;5;6;7 n\u00e0y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf.)<\/p>\n 8\/ Tha t\u00e2m tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed r\u00f5 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c, c\u00f5i s\u1eafc, v\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n 9\/ T\u1eadn tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh \u1edf giai v\u1ecb V\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft kh\u1ed5, ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadp, ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng di\u1ec7t, ta \u0111\u00e3 tu \u0111\u1ea1o, l\u00e0 tr\u00ed v\u00f4 l\u1eadu ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi \u201c\u0111\u1eafc\u201d c\u1ee7a l\u1eadu t\u1eadn.<\/p>\n 10\/ V\u00f4 sinh tr\u00ed: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc Th\u00e1nh \u1edf giai v\u1ecb V\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft; ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n; ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng di\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng, ta \u0111\u00e3 tu \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 tu. L\u00e0 tr\u00ed v\u00f4 l\u1eadu ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi \u201c\u0111\u1eafc\u201d c\u1ee7a Phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi.<\/p>\n (3) Tam v\u00f4 l\u1eadu c\u0103n: ba c\u0103n c\u01a1: Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o, Tu \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 V\u00f4 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o. Ba c\u0103n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra do l\u1ea5y<\/p>\n 9 c\u0103n: \u00fd, h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c, x\u1ea3, t\u00edn, c\u1ea7n, ni\u1ec7m, \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0m th\u1ec3, v\u00ec 3 th\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng sinh ra Th\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 l\u1eadu thanh t\u1ecbnh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0103n.<\/p>\n 1\/ V\u1ecb tri \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng tri c\u0103n: c\u0103n c\u01a1 thu\u1ed9c giai v\u1ecb Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 nghe ch\u00e2n l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft ch\u00e2n l\u00fd kia, li\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u1ecb tri d\u1ee5c tri c\u0103n.<\/p>\n 2\/ D\u0129 tri c\u0103n: c\u0103n c\u01a1 thu\u1ed9c giai v\u1ecb Tu \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o m\u00ea l\u00fd, ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb m\u00ea s\u1ef1 n\u00ean ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi qu\u00e1n l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u1ea3nh T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf.<\/p>\n 3\/ C\u1ee5 tri c\u0103n: \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb V\u00f4 h\u1ecdc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 xong, n\u00ean 9 c\u0103n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u1ee5 tri c\u0103n. \u0110\u1ecba v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n (4) C\u1eedu tu (Ch\u00edn ph\u1ea9m phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, Ch\u00edn ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c): ch\u00edn ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o th\u00f4 t\u1ebf m\u00e0 chia 4 ho\u1eb7c: tham, s\u00e2n, m\u1ea1n, v\u00f4 minh, l\u00e0m 3 b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trung, h\u1ea1. Trong 9 c\u00f5i, c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 4 m\u00f3n tu ho\u1eb7c, c\u00f2n T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 3, tr\u1eeb s\u00e2n. T\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba chia ra 9 b\u1eadc t\u1eeb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1 h\u1ea1. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1eedu \u0111\u1ecba g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 81 ph\u1ea9m tu ho\u1eb7c, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. Ph\u00e0m phu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 72 ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a 8 \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0\u1edbi. B\u1eadc th\u00e1nh \u1edf giai v\u1ecb Tu \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 6 ph\u1ea9m tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 hai. \u0110o\u1ea1n 9 ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i d\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 ba. \u0110o\u1ea1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 72 ph\u1ea9m tu ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a hai c\u00f5i S\u1eafc v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1ee9 t\u01b0.<\/p>\n (5) C\u1eedu \u0111o\u1ea1n (C\u1eedu v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o)<\/p>\n (6) Tr\u00ed \u0111o\u1ea1n (Tr\u00ed \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u00e0 Tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9c): soi r\u00f5 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1; \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ebft phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee9c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n (7) C\u00e0n tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecba: giai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Tu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ecbnh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi v\u1ecb Tam hi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Thanh v\u0103n v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1eeb s\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thu\u1eadn nh\u1eabn.<\/p>\n (8) T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba: giai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Thanh v\u0103n v\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, tuy \u0111\u1eafm ch\u1ea5p th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n (9) B\u00e1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba (B\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba): giai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 Tu-\u0111\u00e0-ho\u00e0n h\u01b0\u1edbng trong 15 t\u00e2m Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Thanh v\u0103n v\u00e0 V\u00f4 sinh ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n (10) Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba: h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u1edf giai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 Tu-\u0111\u00e0-ho\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Thanh v\u0103n v\u00e0 v\u1ecb A-b\u1ec7-b\u1ea1t-tr\u00ed (b\u1ea5t tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n) c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tu t\u1eadp B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u1eeba \u1edf giai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ebft 88 ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a 3 c\u00f5i, ph\u00e1t sinh ch\u00e2n tr\u00ed v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed, t\u00e2m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng trong 16 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Theo ph\u1ea9m Ph\u00e1t Th\u00fa, Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t-Nh\u00e3 6: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u1ee5 giai v\u1ecb n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh 10 ph\u00e1p B\u1ea5t x\u1ea3 (kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf): kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9 A-lan-nh\u00e3; \u00edt mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7; kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0; kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m; ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng; t\u00e2m ch\u00e1n th\u1ebf gian; th\u00edch Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n; b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi s\u1edf h\u1eefu; t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm; kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt\u201d.<\/p>\n B\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ecba (V\u1ecb d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba): giai v\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 ph\u1ea9m trong 9 ph\u1ea9m tu Ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 Tu-\u0111\u00e0-ho\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3 T\u01b0-\u0111\u00e0-h\u00e0m. C\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 cho h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00e1c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed m\u1ecfng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1eeb giai v\u1ecb b\u1ea5t tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1edf l\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n (11) Ly d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba: giai v\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1ebft phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 A-na-h\u00e0m v\u00e0 giai v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ly d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0169 th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n (12) A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba (D\u0129 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba): l\u00e0 giai v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadn tr\u00ed, v\u00f4 sinh tr\u00ed, ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n ho\u1eb7c giai v\u1ecb th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n (13) B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t ph\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi hai nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n (14) C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n:<\/p>\n 1\/ T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec1n: do qu\u00e1n t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m m\u00e0 r\u00f5 bi\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb t\u00e2m l\u01b0u xu\u1ea5t, t\u00e2m th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp mu\u00f4n v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1t ch\u00e2u Nh\u01b0 \u00fd; ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 th\u00ec nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n; ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p Qu\u00e1n th\u00ec ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng; ho\u1eb7c Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n song tu th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ec7 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n 2\/ Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129a thi\u1ec1n: ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 tu v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9: Th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, trong m\u1ed7i thi\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9: a) Thi\u1ec1n tr\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1c: l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m d\u1ee9t b\u1eb7t, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n. b) Thi\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t sinh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c tam-mu\u1ed9i: sinh ra c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 tam-mu\u1ed9i thu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u00ec th\u1eadp l\u1ef1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u00ednh, nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c th\u1eafng di\u1ec7u v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i hu\u1ec7, v\u00f4 tr\u00e1nh nguy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed. c) Thi\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00fang sinh: b\u1ed1 th\u00ed cho ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u1ed5, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o n\u00ean thuy\u1ebft, bi\u1ebft \u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1o \u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00fang sinh tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i lo \u00e2u.<\/p>\n 3\/ Nan thi\u1ec1n: lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 tu g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9: a) Tu t\u1eadp l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng di\u1ec7u, t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i trong tam-mu\u1ed9i, v\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t ch\u00fang sinh mu\u1ed1n cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh th\u1ee5c, n\u00ean xa b\u1ecf c\u00e1i vui \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 sinh v\u00e0o c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c. b) N\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c tam-mu\u1ed9i th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u00f4 bi\u00ean b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u1ecb. c) N\u01b0\u01a1ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n 4\/ Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u do ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y ph\u00e1t sinh. C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9: a) S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f5i S\u1eafc (thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1c c\u00f3 qu\u00e1n). b) Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n c\u00f5i S\u1eafc. c) Tam thi\u1ec1n c\u00f5i S\u1eafc. d) \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f5i S\u1eafc.<\/p>\n 5\/ Thi\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec1n: nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n tu t\u1eadp. C\u00f3 5 th\u1ee9: kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p, t\u1eeb, bi, h\u1ef7, x\u1ea3.<\/p>\n 6\/ Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec1n: h\u00e0m nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. C\u00f3 13 th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n: thi\u1ec7n, v\u00f4 k\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u00f3a, ch\u1ec9, qu\u00e1n, t\u1ef1 tha l\u1ee3i, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, xu\u1ea5t sinh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, danh duy\u00ean, ngh\u0129a duy\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean, c\u1eed t\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean, x\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edbng duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n 7\/ Tr\u1eeb n\u00e3o thi\u1ec1n: n\u1ebfu tu ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh. C\u00f3 8 th\u1ee9: a) Ch\u00fa thu\u1eadt s\u1edf y thi\u1ec1n: B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u1ed5 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i s\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1nh b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch. b) Tr\u1eeb b\u1ec7nh thi\u1ec1n: tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh do t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t sinh. c) V\u00e2n v\u0169 thi\u1ec1n: th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u01b0\u1edbi m\u01b0a cam l\u1ed3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1ea1n h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t. d) \u0110\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed9 thi\u1ec1n: c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c n\u1ea1n s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 phi nh\u00e2n \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. e) Nhi\u00eau \u00edch thi\u1ec1n: b\u1ed1 th\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng cho ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t. f) \u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c thi\u1ec1n: d\u00f9ng t\u00e0i v\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang sinh. g) Khai gi\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n: khai ng\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh m\u00ea l\u1ea7m. h) \u0110\u1eb3ng t\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n: khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u.<\/p>\n 8\/ Th\u1eed th\u1ebf tha th\u1ebf l\u1ea1c thi\u1ec1n: tu thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an vui trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai. C\u00f3 9 lo\u1ea1i: a) Thi\u1ec1n d\u00f9ng th\u1ea7n t\u00fac bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang sinh. b) Thi\u1ec1n t\u00f9y theo l\u1eddi n\u00f3i th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang sinh. c) Thi\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c ch\u00fang sinh. d) Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n c\u00f5i \u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh c\u00f3 \u00e1c ki\u1ebfn. e) Thi\u1ec1n d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00fang sinh m\u1ea5t bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i. f) Thi\u1ec1n d\u00f9ng ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang sinh b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t ni\u1ec7m. g) Thi\u1ec1n t\u1ea1o lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o, ca t\u1ee5ng Ma-\u0111\u1eafc-l\u1eb7c-gi\u00e0 (lu\u1eadn) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. h) Thi\u1ec1n \u0111em k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u1ebf gian l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ebfp h\u00f3a ch\u00fang sinh. j) Thi\u1ec1n ph\u00f3ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m d\u1ee9t c\u00f5i \u00e1c.<\/p>\n 9\/ Thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec1n: N\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ho\u1eb7c nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ee9t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 thanh t\u1ecbnh. (ch\u1eef \u201ct\u1ecbnh\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho t\u01b0\u1edbng thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc). C\u00f3 10 lo\u1ea1i: a) Thi\u1ec1n th\u1ebf gian thanh t\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m. b) Thi\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh. c) Thi\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh. d) Thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh. e) Thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u00f9 th\u1eafng ti\u1ebfn thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh. f) Thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh nh\u1eadp tr\u1ee5 kh\u1edfi. g) Thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh x\u1ea3 r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eadp. h) Thi\u1ec1n thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 l\u1ef1c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng. j) Thi\u1ec1n thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p. k) Thi\u1ec1n thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u1ecbnh phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tr\u00ed ch\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n (15) Th\u1eadp l\u1ef1c: 10 th\u1ee9 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 lai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n 1\/ X\u1ee9 phi x\u1ee9 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: X\u1ee9 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd, Nh\u01b0 lai bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eafc th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, n\u1ebfu t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o vui, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tri th\u1ecb x\u1ee9.<\/p>\n 2\/ Nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ecb th\u1ee5c tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: (Nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c) Nh\u01b0 lai bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nghi\u1ec7p duy\u00ean qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, sinh x\u1ee9 trong ba \u0111\u1eddi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n 3\/ T\u0129nh l\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1eb3ng tr\u00ec \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u00ed tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: (\u0110\u1ecbnh l\u1ef1c) Nh\u01b0 lai t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, bi\u1ebft kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n 4\/ C\u0103n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1 tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: (C\u0103n l\u1ef1c) Nh\u01b0 lai bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt c\u0103n t\u00ednh th\u1eafng li\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1eafc qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n 5\/ Ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng th\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: (D\u1ee5c l\u1ef1c) Nh\u01b0 lai bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 d\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c, thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n 6\/ Ch\u1ee7ng ch\u1ee7ng gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: (T\u00ednh l\u1ef1c) Nh\u01b0 lai bi\u1ebft kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh \u1edf th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n 7\/ Bi\u1ebfn th\u00fa h\u00e0nh tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: (T\u00fac m\u1ea1ng l\u1ef1c) Nh\u01b0 lai bi\u1ebft kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1nh h\u1eefu l\u1eadu l\u00e0 \u201cL\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d, n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1nh v\u00f4 l\u1eadu l\u00e0 \u201cNi\u1ebft-b\u00e0n\u201d.<\/p>\n 8\/ T\u00fac tr\u1ee5 t\u00f9y ni\u1ec7m tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: Nh\u01b0 lai bi\u1ebft kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00fac m\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n mu\u00f4n ki\u1ebfp, ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y sinh kia, ch\u1ebft kia sinh \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 vui v\u00e0 th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n 9\/ Sinh t\u1eed l\u1ef1c: (Thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n l\u1ef1c) Nh\u01b0 lai d\u00f9ng thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian sinh t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh v\u00e0 c\u00f5i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f5i \u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p duy\u00ean thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb9p x\u1ea5u, gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n 10\/ L\u1eadu t\u1eadn tr\u00ed l\u1ef1c: Nh\u01b0 lai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1eb3n c\u00e1c t\u1eadp kh\u00ed t\u00e0n d\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n sinh kh\u1edfi; bi\u1ebft kh\u1eafp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n (16) T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u00fay: b\u1ed1n s\u1ef1: t\u1ef1 tin, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh v\u00e0 an \u1ed5n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t khi thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p. Theo Kinh T\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t A H\u00e0m 42 th\u00ec T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u00fay c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt l\u00e0: Ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb3ng gi\u00e1c v\u00f4 \u00fay: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u00e1c bi\u1ebft, tr\u1ee5 trong ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i; Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u1eadu t\u1eadn tr\u00ed v\u00f4 \u00fay: \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea1n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i; Ch\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t h\u01b0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ecd k\u00fd v\u00f4 \u00fay: gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft b\u1ebb n\u00e0o; V\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft c\u1ee5 t\u00fac xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 t\u00ednh v\u00f4 \u00fay: thuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec.<\/p>\n (17) Th\u1eadp b\u00e1t b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng: 18 ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng chung cho B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, Thanh v\u0103n, Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c. 18 ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong Ph\u1ea9m Qu\u1ea3ng Th\u1eeba, \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 5. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n 1\/ Th\u00e2n v\u00f4 th\u1ea5t: \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt t\u1eeb v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ki\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn nay gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh, c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ee9t cho n\u00ean th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n 2\/ Kh\u1ea9u v\u00f4 th\u1ea5t: Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i, ph\u00e1p do Ng\u00e0i n\u00f3i ra t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1c c\u01a1 nghi khi\u1ebfn cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9.<\/p>\n 3\/ Ni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 th\u1ea5t: Ph\u1eadt tu c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm nhi\u1ec5m c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 an \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n 4\/ V\u00f4 d\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edfng: Ph\u1eadt b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a.<\/p>\n 5\/ V\u00f4 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m: m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng l\u00eca th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u00e2u xa, nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 trong thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1i th\u1ea5t th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n 6\/ V\u00f4 b\u1ea5t tri d\u0129 x\u1ea3 t\u00e2m: \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd nh\u01b0: kh\u1ed5… Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1c bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng sinh tr\u1ee5 di\u1ec7t trong t\u1eebng s\u00e1t na v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 trong s\u1ef1 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n 7\/ D\u1ee5c v\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m: Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 thi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh, lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u00e1n b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n 8\/ Tinh t\u1ea5n v\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m: th\u00e2n t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u tinh t\u1ea5n, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9.<\/p>\n 9\/ Ni\u1ec7m v\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m: Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ba \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n 10\/ Hu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m: Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 n\u00e0y v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ba \u0111\u1eddi cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n 11\/ Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m: Ph\u1eadt xa l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 h\u1eefu vi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t v\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1eadp kh\u00ed phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebft gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n 12\/ Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t tri ki\u1ebfn v\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m: Ph\u1eadt th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb che ch\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n 13\/ T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n 14\/ T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kh\u1ea9u nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n 15\/ T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. Ba ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 khi Ph\u1eadt kh\u1edfi ba nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u \u00fd, tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t \u0111\u00fang hay sai r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n 16\/ Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n 17\/ Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft v\u1ecb lai kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n 18\/ Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i. (18) Nh\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i (Ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 tam-mu\u1ed9i, Nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edbng tam-mu\u1ed9i, Nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edbng trang nghi\u00eam tam-mu\u1ed9i): ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh do t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 tu t\u1eadp. C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n 1\/ L\u00fd: Nh\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u1eadp ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 ph\u00e1p th\u00e2n ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u00e2n ch\u00fang sinh v\u1ed1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng hai, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Do \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t tr\u1ef1c t\u00e2m, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh T\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9. Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 47, \u0111\u1ea1i 25, 401, trung, ghi: \u201cH\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp Nh\u1ea5t Trang Nghi\u00eam Tam-mu\u1ed9i th\u00ec qu\u00e1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t… Tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1nh, trong tam-mu\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi T\u1ea5t C\u00e1nh Kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c\u201d.<\/p>\n 2\/ S\u1ef1: Nh\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i l\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam- mu\u1ed9i do nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt. Kinh V\u0103n Th\u00f9 S\u01b0 L\u1ee3i S\u1edf Thuy\u1ebft Ma-ha-b\u00e1t-nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt, h\u1ea1, \u0111\u1ea1i 8, 731 trung, ghi: \u201cN\u00e0y thi\u1ec7n nam t\u1eed, thi\u1ec7n n\u1eef nh\u00e2n, mu\u1ed1n th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp Nh\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00ean \u1edf ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng v\u1ebb bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, bu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, chuy\u00ean ni\u1ec7m danh hi\u1ec7u Ph\u1eadt \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o th\u00ec ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1eef ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec ngay ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 li\u1ec1n th\u1ea5y ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1ecb lai\u201d.<\/p>\n (19) Tam minh (Tam \u0111\u1ea1t, Tam ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00e1p): ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i ba vi\u1ec7c:<\/p>\n 1\/ T\u00fac m\u1ea1ng minh: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u00fang sinh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi cho \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n v\u1ea1n \u1ee9c \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n 2\/ Sinh t\u1eed minh: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng sinh t\u1eed c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh, khi ch\u1ebft khi sinh, s\u1eafc l\u00e0nh, s\u1eafc d\u1eef ho\u1eb7c do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean t\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh x\u1ea5u \u00e1c, sau khi m\u1ea1ng chung sinh v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c ho\u1eb7c nh\u1edd nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh, sau khi m\u1ea1ng chung sinh v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n 3\/ L\u1eadu t\u1eadn minh: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc l\u00fd t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o\u2026 Theo Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa 102 ghi: \u201cT\u00fac m\u1ea1ng minh: th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 n\u00ean sinh t\u00e2m ch\u00e1n l\u00eca. Thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n minh: th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c v\u1ecb lai n\u00ean sinh t\u00e2m ch\u00e1n l\u00eca. L\u1eadu t\u1eadn minh: do ch\u00e1n l\u00eca n\u00ean \u01b0a th\u00edch Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n; ngo\u00e0i ra, T\u00fac m\u1ea1ng minh \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ebfn. Thi\u00ean nh\u00e3n minh \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn. L\u1eadu t\u1eadn minh xa l\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y v\u00e0 an tr\u1ee5 trong trung \u0111\u1ea1o. N\u1ebfu ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u00e1u th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u00ec tam minh n\u00e0y theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 5, 2, 6 trong s\u00e1u th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n (20) B\u00e1t gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 (B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3)<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n (Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1ec1 T\u00e2m v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i: H\u1eefu l\u1eadu, V\u00f4 l\u1eadu, C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. V\u00e0 n\u00f3i Ph\u1eadt nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean T\u1ee9-t\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y).<\/em><\/p>\n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n xong, nh\u01b0ng t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u00f5. Trong ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m chia l\u00e0m ba \u00fd:<\/p>\n A. Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n B. Lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m<\/p>\n C. T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n 1. Ph\u00e1p H\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 2. Ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 3. C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 4. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 1. Ph\u00e1p H\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Th\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n, T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, Ch\u00fang sinh duy\u00ean T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m v\u00e0 T\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u01b0\u1eddi hai ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n 2. Ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu nh\u01b0: C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t ni\u1ec7m, Th\u1eadp t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, B\u00e1t th\u1eafng x\u1ee9, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft x\u1ee9, C\u1eedu th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, S\u01b0 t\u1eed ph\u1ea5n t\u1ea5n tam- mu\u1ed9i, Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i, T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh, Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m, Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o, Tam tam-mu\u1ed9i, Nguy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed(1) \u0110\u1ea3nh thi\u1ec1n(2), Th\u1eadp nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed, Tam v\u00f4 l\u1eadu c\u0103n v.v\u2026 V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, n\u00ean c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb \u201cTam l\u1eadu\u201d(3).<\/p>\n 3. C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u00e0 L\u1ee5c di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eafng v\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng minh qu\u00e1n. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec trong ba lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, tuy c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n 4. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n L\u00e0 108 tam-mu\u1ed9i: Ph\u00e1p Hoa tam-mu\u1ed9i, B\u00e1t Chu tam-mu\u1ed9i, Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i, Th\u1ee7 L\u0103ng Nghi\u00eam tam-mu\u1ed9i, C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng thi\u1ec1n, T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec1n, cho \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f4 duy\u00ean t\u1eeb, \u0110\u1ea1i bi, Th\u1eadp Ba-la-m\u1eadt(4), T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ed(6), Th\u1eadp b\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng(5), Th\u1eadp l\u1ef1c, T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u00fay, Th\u1eadp b\u00e1t b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng, Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed v.v… V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec n\u1ebfu tu nh\u1eefng tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o \u201cnh\u1ecb bi\u00ean\u201d (hai b\u00ean), n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: V\u00ec sao n\u00f3i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p Hoa tam-mu\u1ed9i, B\u00e1t Chu tam-mu\u1ed9i v.v… \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu? Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ea1ng, t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh Th\u00e2n\u201d. L\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai trong T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 s\u1edf \u00fay g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 l\u1eadu \u00fay, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v.v… trong kinh lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f3i l\u00e0 V\u00f4 l\u1eadu. V\u00ec sao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p trung \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, cho n\u00ean m\u1edbi chia ch\u1ebb nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u00e0m phu th\u00ec chuy\u00ean tu ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba chuy\u00ean tu ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, c\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y n\u00f3i ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00e0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u00e0 do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea5p hai b\u00ean th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o hai b\u00ean, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n L\u00e0m sao kh\u1ecfi r\u01a1i v\u00e0o hai b\u00ean? Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Trung \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 hai b\u00ean v\u1eady. N\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n Hai thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u1eddi tuy kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u00fd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng sai tr\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u00fd t\u00ednh m\u00e0 lu\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. N\u00ean Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cS\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, cho \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng bu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u201d. L\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, l\u00e0 do h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u00fd, h\u00e1 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t sao? \u201cKh\u00f4ng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 danh t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: D\u00f9ng b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 tu\u1ec7 th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 d\u0129, c\u00f2n gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: T\u1eeb ph\u00e1p tu Th\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n(7), Tam quy, Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi(8), B\u00e1t quan trai(9), M\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi Sa di(10), 250 gi\u1edbi T\u1ef3-kheo, 10 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t(11), 48 gi\u1edbi khinh, nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, ch\u1eb3ng qua v\u00ec gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c trong ph\u1ea1m vi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 4 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 tu ch\u1ee9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i \u201cH\u1eefu l\u1eadu\u201d, k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u201cC\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu\u201d, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u201cV\u00f4 l\u1eadu\u201d, k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp m\u1edbi n\u00f3i \u201cCh\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu\u201d. Hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00ec sao ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n chia b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, l\u1ea1i l\u1ea5y c\u00e2u th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u th\u1ee9 hai v\u1eady?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay sau c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp t\u1eeb khi tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc. Nay mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m, n\u00ean thu\u1eadn theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, m\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u00ean n\u00f3i: \u201cKhi h\u00e0nh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00f3i, l\u00fac n\u00f3i ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i khi h\u00e0nh\u201d ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n 1. T\u00e2m H\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 2. T\u00e2m V\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 3. T\u00e2m C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 4. T\u00e2m Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/p>\n 1. T\u00e2m H\u1eefu l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00e2m ph\u00e0m phu v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ba th\u1ee9 l\u1eadu, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu. V\u00ec sao? Ph\u00e0m phu v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o khi tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 chia ra b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n?<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m: Khi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, do h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n th\u1ebf gian, ch\u1ec9 mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n – Tu h\u00e0nh: Khi \u0111ang thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m, do \u0111\u00f3 sinh t\u00e2m ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n – Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc: Khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5p cho l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i n\u00ean trong m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n, sinh t\u00e2m b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p ch\u1ed7 tri ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n: Khi xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n Do b\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y, n\u00ean ph\u00e0m phu v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n 2. T\u00e2m V\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m: Khi h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, do t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n tai h\u1ecda \u1edf th\u1ebf gian, kh\u00f4ng tham c\u1ea7u c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m n\u00ean phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4 c\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi, nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n – Tu h\u00e0nh: Khi tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00f9y theo ch\u1ed7 tu ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt, n\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p, kh\u00f4ng sinh kh\u1edfi nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n – Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc: khi nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ebfu trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh khai ph\u00e1t Ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7(12), l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, th\u00ec ba th\u1ee9 l\u1eadu v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n.<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n: h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba sau khi xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n Do nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean n\u00e0y, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. Hai t\u00e2m \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc tuy thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, t\u1eeb trong nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 n\u00f3i qu\u1ea3, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n 3. T\u00e2m C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m: khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m c\u00f2n nghi ng\u1edd ch\u01b0a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 khi c\u0169ng nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n mu\u1ed1n xa l\u00eca sinh t\u1eed, kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh; ho\u1eb7c sinh t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafm ch\u1ea5p, mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi an l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, tham \u00e1i qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c. Do kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n, n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c vi t\u1ebf ch\u00ecm m\u1ea5t, do t\u00e2m mong mu\u1ed1n kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n – Tu h\u00e0nh: Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y tuy th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m ph\u00e1p: T\u00edn, T\u1ea5n, Ni\u1ec7m, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tu\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u0169 c\u0103n. V\u00ec h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu. Do h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t sinh n\u0103m ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n: T\u00edn, T\u1ea5n, Ni\u1ec7m, \u0110\u1ecbnh, Tu\u1ec7, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n – Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc (Th\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n): b\u1ea3y h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eefu h\u1ecdc, khi h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, tuy tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt khai ph\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0a \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1ea1ch, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eadc Tho\u00e1i ph\u00e1p A-la-h\u00e1n(13) c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n n\u00e0y, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 sinh tr\u00ed, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, do ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u1eadu t\u1eadn tr\u00ed, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n: sau khi h\u1ecd xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, t\u00f9y ch\u1ed7 \u0111o\u1ea1n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0a s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f2n sinh t\u00e2m b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu. N\u1ebfu phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eadn, tuy \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n 4. T\u00e2m Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u0169ng chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n:<\/p>\n – Ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m: khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec s\u1ee3 sinh t\u1eed c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec mong c\u1ea7u Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o hai b\u00ean.<\/p>\n – Tu h\u00e0nh: khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n vi\u00ean m\u00e3n ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 v\u00f4 vi; v\u00ec c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5 h\u1eefu vi.<\/p>\n – Ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc: khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ebfu \u1edf trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 V\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn(14), l\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00e2m c\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p n\u01a1i sinh t\u1eed; c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm nhi\u1ec5m n\u01a1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n: khi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi n\u00e0o, t\u00e2m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e1 v\u00e0o hai b\u00ean C\u00f3 v\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n Do nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean n\u00e0y, n\u00ean t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u Kh\u00f4ng, d\u1ee9t tuy\u1ec7t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u00e2u c\u00fa. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n B\u00e1t nh\u00e3 ba-la-m\u1eadt,<\/p>\n V\u00ed nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7m l\u1eeda l\u1edbn,<\/p>\n B\u1ed1n ph\u00eda kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y,<\/p>\n Thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t c\u00e1c t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n Nay \u0111em b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1eb3ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u00fd lu\u1eadn sao?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Trong Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, l\u00fd t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc (kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c), \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec t\u00ednh Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i 12 b\u1ed9 kinh v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. Nay n\u00f3i b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, tuy l\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec, m\u00e0 mu\u00f4n v\u1eadt n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0 Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu tin c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng,<\/p>\n L\u00e0 thu\u1eadn theo l\u00fd th\u1ec3,<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng tin ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng,<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u sai l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ea5p Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng,<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p,<\/p>\n Ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p,<\/p>\n Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,<\/p>\n Ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy l\u01b0\u1eddng,<\/p>\n Ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n t\u00e2m,<\/p>\n L\u1eddi n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e1.<\/p>\n L\u00eca ch\u1ea5p th\u1ea5y C\u00f3, Kh\u00f4ng,<\/p>\n N\u1ed9i t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n Nay d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n khai m\u1edf tri ki\u1ebfn cho h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tu thi\u1ec1n, ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec trong c\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd, m\u00e0 lu\u1eadn th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00fd n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i. Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129a l\u00fd ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e2u c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u v.v… m\u00e0 mong c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ph\u00e1p Kh\u00f4ng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i: C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u; Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u; C\u0169ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u; Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u n\u00e0y tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c, l\u1ebd n\u00e0o \u00f4ng tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u: C\u00f3, Kh\u00f4ng, C\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng, Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng? N\u00ean bi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u, m\u00e0 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i mu\u1ed1n b\u1ecf b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u, m\u00e0 \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t. Nh\u01b0 Thi\u00ean n\u1eef n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t: \u201cKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00eca v\u0103n t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, l\u00eca t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh v\u0103n t\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u201d.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, nay ph\u00e2n chia Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 t\u00e1m c\u00e2u, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n chia xoay v\u1ea7n th\u00ec c\u00f3 36 c\u00e2u, n\u1ebfu chia ch\u1ebb gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9 th\u00ec c\u00f3 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e2u c\u00fa. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n chia bi\u1ec7n lu\u1eadn b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u n\u00e0y, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1edd m\u00e9.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng \u0111em Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n l\u00e0m n\u0103m c\u00e2u?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt ra \u0111\u1eddi, t\u00f9y c\u0103n c\u01a1 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a h\u1ecd, b\u00ean gi\u00e1o m\u00f4n ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0 trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n n\u00f3i c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n:<\/p>\n 1. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n 2. V\u1ecb nh\u00e2n T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n<\/p>\n 3. \u0110\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n 4. \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n T\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p H\u1eefu l\u1eadu, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n. T\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 l\u1eadu, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n T\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 V\u1ecb nh\u00e2n T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n T\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean quan l\u1eabn nhau, n\u1ebfu nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n, d\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a T\u1ea5t-\u0111\u00e0n chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n m\u00f4n. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong lu\u1eadn ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt,<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u0169ng th\u1eadt, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt,<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i n\u0103m c\u00e2u. Nay ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m. Trong c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft d\u00f9 c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng n\u0103m c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t. Cho n\u00ean nay ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, ch\u1ee9 ch\u1eb3ng d\u00f9ng n\u0103m c\u00e2u.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Trong b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 T\u00e2m, c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c nhau? Nh\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00e0 T\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ee9 \u201cPh\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m\u201d n\u00e0y m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 H\u1eefu l\u1eadu hay \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 V\u00f4 l\u1eadu cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 L\u1eadu?<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 H\u1eefu l\u1eadu th\u00ec khi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u00e2m h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 H\u1eefu l\u1eadu sinh kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 V\u00f4 l\u1eadu th\u00ec khi h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 V\u00f4 l\u1eadu sinh kh\u1edfi?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu. V\u00ec sao? N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m l\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, nh\u01b0 b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n khi ch\u1ee9ng l\u1eadu t\u1eadn th\u00ec t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn, ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao? N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 L\u1eadu (phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o), th\u00ec khi Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t sinh L\u1eadu. Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p th\u00ec t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 L\u1eadu. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh L\u1eadu. Khi ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n ch\u01b0a c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, th\u00ec t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1eefu l\u1eadu?<\/p>\n Nay n\u00f3i L\u1eadu n\u00e0y, ch\u1eb3ng ri\u00eang n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang n\u01a1i t\u00e2m, v\u00ec khi ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t sinh h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, cho n\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00e0 T\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n V\u00ed nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed1c ti\u00ean, sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o li\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh ti\u00ean, m\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i t\u1ef1 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u00ean, khi thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh ti\u00ean, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Thu\u1ed1c ti\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh ti\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng do ng\u01b0\u1eddi u\u1ed1ng, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c ti\u00ean; n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c ti\u00ean th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n. Danh t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00e0 T\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ba th\u1ee9: V\u00f4 l\u1eadu, C\u0169ng h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 l\u1eadu v.v… c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 duy\u00ean sinh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i M\u00e3 Th\u1eafng(15) (Asvajit) khai th\u1ecb cho X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb duy\u00ean sinh,<\/p>\n C\u00e1c ph\u00e1p do duy\u00ean di\u1ec7t,<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean,<\/p>\n Th\u1ea7y ta d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu cho r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n Ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu,<\/p>\n Ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu l\u00e0 do t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu,<\/p>\n Ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu l\u00e0 do ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu,<\/p>\n Ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do t\u00e2m m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n V\u00ec c\u1edb sao?<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu cho r\u1eb1ng do ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn, v\u00ec trong t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, m\u00e0 nay th\u1eadt ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh (v\u1ed1n s\u1eb5n c\u00f3) m\u00e0 do t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu (m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Tha t\u00ednh (nh\u1edd b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f3). V\u00ec sao? B\u1edfi v\u00ec ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, nay t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, \u0111\u00e2u ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Tha t\u00ednh sao? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i do tha t\u00ednh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 (ph\u00e1t sinh) ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu. N\u1ebfu tha t\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu th\u00ec ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 hai ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu sao? N\u1ebfu tha t\u00ednh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, (nh\u01b0 v\u1eady) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu? N\u00ean bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do (n\u01a1i) t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu cho r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu do ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f3, t\u1ee9c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng h\u1eefu (\u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3). N\u1ebfu c\u1ed9ng h\u1eefu (\u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3) th\u00ec t\u1eeb trong T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 Tha t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh v\u00e0 Tha t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t sinh m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu cho r\u1eb1ng l\u00eca ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, l\u00eca t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu. T\u1eeb n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu sao? Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1 Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean th\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 n\u00f3i trong Ma-ha ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ba th\u1ee9 l\u1eadu c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, th\u00ec ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p sinh di\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sinh n\u00ean sinh? Hay l\u00e0 v\u00ec di\u1ec7t n\u00ean sinh? Hay l\u00e0 v\u00ec sinh di\u1ec7t n\u00ean c\u00f3 sinh? Hay l\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u00eca sinh l\u00eca di\u1ec7t n\u00ean c\u00f3 sinh?<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu v\u00ec sinh n\u00ean sinh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 sinh. N\u1ebfu v\u00ec di\u1ec7t n\u00ean c\u00f3 sinh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Tha sinh. N\u1ebfu v\u00ec sinh di\u1ec7t n\u00ean sinh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng sinh. N\u1ebfu v\u00ec l\u00eca sinh, l\u00eca di\u1ec7t n\u00ean c\u00f3 sinh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e3 t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu sao? N\u00ean bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng sinh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng sinh di\u1ec7t t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c; n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 sinh di\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1 T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng trong Ma-ha ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ba th\u1ee9 l\u1eadu c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu l\u00e0 sinh, l\u00e0 do sinh sinh n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu? Hay l\u00e0 do ch\u1eb3ng sinh sinh n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu? Hay l\u00e0 do sinh ch\u1eb3ng sinh n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, hay l\u00e0 do ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i sinh n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu do sinh sinh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 t\u00ednh sinh. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do sinh sinh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Tha t\u00ednh sinh. N\u1ebfu do kh\u00f4ng sinh sinh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng sinh. N\u1ebfu do ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i sinh sinh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh.<\/p>\n T\u1eeb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao? V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi trong t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3, m\u00e0 mong ph\u00e1t sinh ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng sinh th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eadu, do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eadu n\u00ean ph\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng trong Ma-ha ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ba th\u1ee9 l\u1eadu c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n N\u00ean bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu trong Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i, m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00ecm trong b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu? N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, m\u00e0 n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u0103n t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 y c\u1ee9 khi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u00fd lu\u1eadn l\u00e0m ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i m\u1eaft tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ba c\u00e2u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1eefu l\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ba c\u00e2u c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng danh t\u1ef1 \u1edf th\u1ebf gian \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a danh t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf trong, ngo\u00e0i hay ch\u1eb7ng gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng. V\u00ec danh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng danh t\u1ef1 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 danh.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y danh t\u1ef1 th\u1ebf gian m\u00e0 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t chia ri\u00eang ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: V\u00ec sao trong v\u0103n t\u1ef1, l\u1ea1i chia ri\u00eang ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1ef1 r\u1ed7ng, th\u00ec d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ri\u00eang t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. Cho n\u00ean trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cN\u00e0y Tu B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1, ch\u1eb3ng ho\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3 danh m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p\u201d.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0 T\u00e2m s\u1ed1(16) l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p, T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. Th\u1ecd, T\u01b0\u1edfng, H\u00e0nh v\u00e0 S\u1eafc \u1ea5m l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p; Th\u1ee9c \u1ea5m l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng(17), T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng(18) v\u00e0 S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p(19), V\u00f4 vi ph\u00e1p(20) l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p; T\u00e2m ph\u00e1p(21) l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m. S\u1edf duy\u00ean(22) l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p; N\u0103ng duy\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. N\u0103ng sinh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p; S\u1edf sinh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. C\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a s\u1edf qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p; Tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. Ph\u00e1p h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 do t\u00e2m, t\u00e2m n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 sinh.<\/p>\n Trong c\u00e1c danh t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ph\u00e2n chia ri\u00eang m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, tuy ph\u00e2n chia nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 huy\u1ec5n h\u00f3a, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng. \u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec3n 10, trong ph\u1ea7n T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft quy th\u00fa c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 5: <\/strong><\/p>\n (1) Nguy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed: di\u1ec7u tr\u00ed do duy\u00ean d\u1eabn sinh, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c chung c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng A-la-h\u00e1n (b\u1eadc cao nh\u1ea5t trong 6 b\u1eadc A-la-h\u00e1n) m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt m\u00e0 d\u00f9ng Th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c tr\u00ed l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, l\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng theo \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 t\u1ef1a, t\u1eeb gia h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh di\u1ec7u tr\u00ed. Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 27 (\u0111\u1ea1i 29, 142 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng) ghi: \u201cL\u1ea5y nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u, di\u1ec7u tr\u00ed ph\u00e1t sinh, nh\u01b0 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 di\u1ec7u tr\u00ed\u201d. Theo Lu\u1eadn Th\u00e0nh Th\u1eadt 16: \u201cNguy\u1ec7n tr\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m tr\u00ed, ch\u1ec9 cho tr\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ecb ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p\u201d.<\/p>\n (2) \u0110\u1ea3nh Thi\u1ec1n (Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i): l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n t\u1ed1i cao c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n Theo Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 17 (\u0111\u1ea1i 25, 187 trung) ghi: \u201cTrong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea3nh thi\u1ec1n\u201d. V\u00ec sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3nh? C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i: A-la-h\u00e1n ho\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p. A-la-h\u00e1n b\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0110\u1ea3nh thi\u1ec1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eafc ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ecd th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u1edbc, chuy\u1ec3n ph\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh th\u1ecd. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f3 thuy\u1ebft cho \u0110\u1ea3nh thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u201cBi\u00ean t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn trong Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa 178, Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 27, Lu\u1eadn Hi\u1ec3n D\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e0nh Gi\u00e1o 2, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea9m trong \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, ho\u1eb7c cho r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ea3nh thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u201csi\u00eau \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn trong Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa 165, Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 28, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n (3) Tam l\u1eadu: ba th\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o l\u00e0m cho h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong ba c\u00f5i.<\/p>\n 1\/ D\u1ee5c l\u1eadu: trong 36 \u201ct\u00f9y mi\u00ean\u201d phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang sinh trong c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c th\u00ec tr\u1eeb 5 b\u1ed9 v\u00f4 minh, 31 m\u00f3n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam 10 tri\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh 41 m\u00f3n D\u1ee5c l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n 2\/ H\u1eefu l\u1eadu: trong 31 \u201ct\u00f9y mi\u00ean\u201d phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c trong c\u00f5i s\u1eafc, c\u00f5i s\u1eafc th\u00ec tr\u1eeb 5 b\u1ed9 v\u00f4 minh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00f5i, c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i 26 m\u00f3n, 2 c\u00f5i h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh<\/p>\n 52 m\u00f3n. Lu\u1eadn Nh\u1eadp A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1t Ma, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u00ec th\u00eam h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed, th\u00e0nh 54 m\u00f3n.<\/p>\n 3\/ V\u00f4 minh l\u1eadu: phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o m\u00ea l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a, l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i g\u1ed1c sinh t\u1eed trong ba c\u00f5i, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang sinh lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i sinh t\u1eed, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Si. Kinh A H\u00e0m cho r\u1eb1ng v\u00f4 minh l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o (T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 V\u00f4 tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n (4) Th\u1eadp Ba-la-m\u1eadt: m\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1nh th\u00f9 th\u1eafng m\u00e0 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n. S\u00e1u ba-la-m\u1eadt th\u00eam b\u1ed1n ba-la-m\u1eadt (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, nguy\u1ec7n, tr\u00ed, l\u1ef1c).<\/p>\n (5) Th\u1eadp b\u00e1t kh\u00f4ng: 18 Kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp ra \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n 1\/ N\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng: ch\u1ec9 cho s\u00e1u c\u0103n trong th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e3, ng\u00e3 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n 2\/ Ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng: ch\u1ec9 cho s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e3, ng\u00e3 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n 3\/ N\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u00e1u c\u0103n, s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ng\u00e3 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n 4\/ Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng: kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm ch\u1ea5p ba th\u1ee9 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n 5\/ \u0110\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2y kia, x\u01b0a nay.<\/p>\n 6\/ \u0110\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4ng: l\u00eca c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ngh\u0129a th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafm tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n 7\/ H\u1eefu vi kh\u00f4ng: ph\u00e1p do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n 8\/ V\u00f4 vi kh\u00f4ng: kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p ph\u00e1p Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n 9\/ T\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng 2 ph\u00e1p: h\u1eefu vi kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec.<\/p>\n 10\/ V\u00f4 th\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng: c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p tuy sinh kh\u1edfi t\u1eeb v\u00f4 th\u1ec9, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng xa l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea5p th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n 11\/ T\u00e1n kh\u00f4ng: c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 n\u00ean r\u1ed1t r\u00e1o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng xa l\u00eca tan di\u1ec7t, v\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n 12\/ T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng: l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng, Ph\u1eadt t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n 13\/ T\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed5ng bi\u1ec7t (chung v\u00e0 ri\u00eang) \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u1ecb (\u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n 14\/ Ch\u01b0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0: u\u1ea9n, x\u1ee9, gi\u1edbi\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00eca t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n 15\/ B\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eafc: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt c\u00f3.<\/p>\n 16\/ V\u00f4 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng: c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, ph\u00e1p v\u1ecb lai c\u0169ng th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n 17\/ H\u1eefu ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 cho nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3, cho n\u00ean hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt c\u00f3.<\/p>\n 18\/ V\u00f4 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi kh\u00f4ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p sinh di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi trong ba \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt c\u00f3.<\/p>\n (6) T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ed (T\u1ee9 bi\u1ec7n t\u00e0i): b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 do t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ec7 ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n B\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ed; n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i; c\u00f2n n\u00f3i theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i bi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ee9 h\u00f3a ph\u00e1p. T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ed n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n Theo Lu\u1eadn C\u00e2u X\u00e1 27 th\u00ec T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i l\u00e0:<\/p>\n 1\/ Ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i: t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n b\u00e0y, l\u00e3nh ng\u1ed9 danh c\u00fa, v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n 2\/ Ngh\u0129a v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i: tinh th\u00f4ng ngh\u0129a l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1edfi ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n 3\/ T\u1eeb v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i: tinh th\u00f4ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n 4\/ Bi\u1ec7n v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i: t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn ch\u00e1nh l\u00fd tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea1o thuy\u1ebft. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00e9o t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn s\u1ef1 mong c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u01b0a th\u00edch n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra Lu\u1eadn Th\u00e0nh Duy Th\u1ee9c 9 cho r\u1eb1ng trong T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t t\u1eeb S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba tr\u1edf l\u00ean ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ecba th\u1ee9 9 th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 4, khi \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u1eadt qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n.<\/p>\n (7) Th\u1eadp thi\u1ec7n: m\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh vi thi\u1ec7n do th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd t\u1ea1o ra. (8) Ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi: n\u0103m gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 s\u0129 t\u1ea1i gia: kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c, v\u1ecdng ng\u1eef, u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u.<\/p>\n (9) B\u00e1t quan trai: \u201cB\u00e1t\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 8, \u201cquan\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng, \u201cgi\u1edbi\u201d c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u0103n vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea5y, ng\u1eeba \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c. \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed t\u1ea1i gia. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi r\u1eddi gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf trong T\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp c\u00e1ch sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia. Gi\u1eef t\u00e1m gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00e1c, d\u1eebng ba nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u \u00fd; l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u00edt c\u1eeda \u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n B\u00e1t quan trai gi\u1edbi g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sanh, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ecdng ng\u1eef, kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng hoa trang s\u1ee9c th\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng xem nghe ca m\u00faa, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i n\u1eb1m gi\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed9ng cao \u0111\u1eb9p, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n phi th\u1eddi. Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o tuy c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed xu\u1ea5t gia v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i gia, nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch, l\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t gia l\u00e0 h\u01a1n h\u1ebft. Th\u1ecd tr\u00ec B\u00e1t quan trai khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i gia h\u1ecdc Ph\u1eadt, hu\u00e2n t\u1eadp nu\u00f4i l\u1edbn thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n (10) M\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi sa di: kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t sinh, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng v\u1ecdng ng\u1eef, kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m trang s\u1ee9c th\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ca m\u00faa, xem nghe, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i n\u1eb1m gi\u01b0\u1eddng cao r\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0103n phi th\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a t\u00e0i v\u1eadt v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n (11) M\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t: trong Kinh Ph\u1ea1m V\u00f5ng, gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m: s\u00e1t sinh, tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp, d\u00e2m d\u1ee5c, v\u1ecdng ng\u1eef, b\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u, n\u00f3i l\u1ed7i t\u1ee9 ch\u00fang, t\u1ef1 khen m\u00ecnh ch\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ecfn x\u1ebbn v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y b\u00e1ng, t\u00e2m s\u00e2n gi\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ec9 b\u00e1ng Tam b\u1ea3o. B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m hay b\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m gi\u1edbi khinh: (gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba n\u00f3i trong Kinh Ph\u1ea1m V\u00f5ng) 48 gi\u1edbi khinh v\u00e0 10 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecba do \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt L\u00f4-x\u00e1-na \u1edf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Li\u00ean Hoa \u0110\u00e0i T\u1ea1ng n\u00f3i ra. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt, B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t trong ba \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, cho n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c quan th\u1ea7n, T\u1ef3-kheo, T\u1ef3-kheo ni, thi\u1ec7n nam, t\u00edn n\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ecd tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n (12) Ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7: tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 l\u00fd th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i m\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i Kh\u00f4ng, H\u1eefu, xa l\u00eca t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng do ki\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5p t\u1ea1o ra.<\/p>\n (13) Tho\u00e1i ph\u00e1p A-la-h\u00e1n: h\u00e0ng A-la-h\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9n c\u0103n nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng A-la-h\u00e1n, h\u00e0ng A-la-h\u00e1n n\u00e0y do g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c duy\u00ean x\u1ea5u nh\u01b0: b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, n\u00ean b\u1ecb lui s\u1ee5t qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 9 v\u1ecb v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n (14) V\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn (V\u00f4 sinh ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn): ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn v\u00f4 sinh, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba nh\u1eabn, nh\u1eabn th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 trong n\u0103m nh\u1eabn n\u00f3i trong Kinh Nh\u00e2n V\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng sinh kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eadn k\u1ef9 l\u00fd \u1ea5y, an tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Theo Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 50 (\u0111\u1ea1i 25, 417 h\u1ea1) ghi: \u201cV\u00f4 sinh ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn l\u00e0 tin nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t, v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t tho\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng sinh di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p\u201d. \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ngh\u0129a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 12 (\u0111\u1ea1i 44, 701 trung) ghi: \u201cTheo c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean, l\u00fd v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 sinh, tu\u1ec7 an tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i l\u00fd n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn\u201d. Theo Lu\u1eadn \u0110\u1ea1i Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ed9 86 t\u1eeb B\u00e1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ebfn D\u0129 bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Thanh v\u0103n, B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba qu\u00e1n t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf, Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft tr\u00ed \u0111o\u1ea1n, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n V\u00f4 sinh ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf: kh\u1ed5, t\u1eadp, di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf Th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, v\u00ec Thanh v\u0103n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9n c\u0103n n\u00ean qu\u00e1n T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f2n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u00ec l\u1ee3i c\u0103n n\u00ean qu\u00e1n th\u1eb3ng th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o. Do \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft, V\u00f4 sinh ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn l\u00e0 khi Thanh v\u0103n v\u00e0o v\u1ecb Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o, th\u1ea5y l\u00fd T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf; c\u00f2n B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t th\u00ec khi nh\u1eadp S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba nh\u1eadn k\u1ef9 l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng sinh kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p, tr\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb b\u1ea5t tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n. Theo Lu\u1eadn Du Gi\u00e0 S\u01b0 \u0110\u1ecba 74 B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb b\u1ea5t tho\u00e1i chuy\u1ec3n n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o ba t\u00ednh: Bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p, Y tha kh\u1edfi, Vi\u00ean th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba lo\u1ea1i V\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn:<\/p>\n 1\/ B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh v\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf s\u1edf ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh v\u00f4 sinh.<\/p>\n 2\/ T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p y tha do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 sinh.<\/p>\n 3\/ Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o kh\u1ed5 c\u1ea5u v\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u00ednh Ch\u00e2n nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a th\u1eadt t\u00ednh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p an tr\u1ee5 v\u00f4 vi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1p nhi\u1ec5m, bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 x\u01b0a nay v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ba t\u00ednh n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn.<\/p>\n Ph\u1ea9m Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba trong Kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam 25 (Lo\u1ea1i 60 Q) ghi: \u201cB\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba ba nghi\u1ec7p thanh t\u1ecbnh, tu h\u1ea1nh v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng, \u0111\u1eafc V\u00f4 sinh ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn, r\u00f5 th\u1ea5u c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p\u201d. C\u00f2n Ph\u1ea9m B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t H\u1ea1nh trong Kinh V\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1t-Nh\u00e3 Ba-La-M\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00ec n\u00eau 5 nh\u1eabn: ph\u1ee5c, t\u00edn, thu\u1eadn, v\u00f4 sinh, t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t. B\u1ed1n nh\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trung, h\u1ea1, c\u00f2n ri\u00eang T\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t nh\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea9m th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1; ba ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a T\u00edn nh\u1eabn ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ecba, nh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba, tam \u0111\u1ecba; ba ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Thu\u1eadn nh\u1eabn ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba, ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ecba, l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba; ba ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a V\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn ph\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba, b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba, c\u1eedu \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n (15) M\u00e3 Th\u1eafng: \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. S\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng uy nghi \u0111oan ch\u00ednh, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch nh\u00ecn, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ec3 khai ng\u1ed9 cho X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n (16) T\u00e2m s\u1ed1: T\u00e2m s\u1edf t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5p to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u00f2n T\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u00ec ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7, t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hay kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa t\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1edf th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v\u00e0 Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 l\u1eadp thuy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau. Theo T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba duy th\u1ee9c th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0a ra thuy\u1ebft T\u1ee9 ngh\u0129a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng (s\u1edf y, s\u1edf duy\u00ean, th\u1eddi, s\u1ef1) l\u1eadp ra 8 th\u1ee9c (6 th\u1ee9c c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam th\u1ee9c M\u1ea1t-na v\u00e0 A-l\u1ea1i-da) l\u00e0m T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 n\u00eau ra 6 v\u1ecb, 51 T\u00e2m s\u1edf, cho r\u1eb1ng T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1edf c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 phi t\u1ee9c phi ly.<\/p>\n (17) T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng: c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9a nh\u00f3m v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng tinh th\u1ea7n (nghi\u1ec7p). C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng vua c\u00f3 oai quy\u1ec1n th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c, th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb thi\u00ean h\u1ea1.<\/p>\n (18) T\u00e2m t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c T\u00e2m s\u1edf (51 m\u00f3n) \u201ct\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng\u201d l\u00e0 \u01b0ng thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n (19) T\u00e2m b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng: (c\u00f3 24 m\u00f3n) t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 24 m\u00f3n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng, T\u00e2m s\u1edf v\u00e0 S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n (20) S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p: l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc, c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m c\u0103n v\u00e0 s\u00e1u tr\u1ea7n. S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ea7n \u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u00e2m s\u1edf.<\/p>\n (21) V\u00f4 vi ph\u00e1p: l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng sanh di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi l\u00e0 T\u00e2m v\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2m s\u1edf, S\u1eafc ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 B\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng. Do c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi (94 m\u00f3n) di\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ph\u00e1p V\u00f4 vi m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n b\u00e0y.<\/p>\n (22) T\u00e2m ph\u00e1p: l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c Th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m s\u1edf m\u00e0 g\u1ecdi t\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a s\u00e1u th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1m th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n (23) N\u0103ng duy\u00ean: \u201cN\u0103ng\u201d l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i S\u1edf duy\u00ean: \u201cS\u1edf\u201d l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 (\u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng) b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. Duy\u00ean c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1edd, phan duy\u00ean, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 sinh kh\u1edfi m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n nh\u1edd ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh ra t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng. N\u0103ng sinh, S\u1edf sinh c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n (Gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 Ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c tu thi\u1ec1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n khai ph\u00e1t n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 an t\u00e2m tu t\u1eadp. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 Ngo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 25 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, k\u1ebf l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.)<\/em><\/p>\n N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u1ed7 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 Thi\u1ec1n ba-la-m\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec ni\u1ec1m tin t\u1eeb n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m khai ph\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc thi\u1ec1n, c\u1ea7n kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. Nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tu thi\u1ec1n, chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n – Ngo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n: l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m khi ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n – N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n: l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m trong l\u00fac thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n Hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cThi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o tu h\u1ecdc\u201d. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc thi\u1ec1n, kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng th\u00ec Ngo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ngo\u00e0i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Hi\u1ec7n nay theo \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, n\u00ean m\u1edbi chia ra hai ph\u00e1p Ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 N\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n A. \u0110\u1ee7 n\u0103m duy\u00ean<\/p>\n B. Tr\u00e1ch n\u0103m d\u1ee5c<\/p>\n C. X\u1ea3 n\u0103m c\u00e1i<\/p>\n D. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a n\u0103m vi\u1ec7c<\/p>\n E. H\u00e0nh n\u0103m ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n Trong n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 n\u0103m ph\u00e1p, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u00fac ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1eafc thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n khi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n I- Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n II- Y th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7<\/p>\n III- \u1ede ch\u1ed7 nh\u00e0n t\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n IV- D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c duy\u00ean<\/p>\n V- G\u1ea7n thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c<\/p>\n Chia ba \u00fd:<\/p>\n 1. C\u00f3 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi<\/p>\n 2. Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi<\/p>\n 3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/p>\n 1. C\u00f3 gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n Sau khi xu\u1ea5t gia th\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi, chia l\u00e0m ba \u00fd :<\/p>\n a) C\u01a1 duy\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n G\u1ed3m c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n 1. T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt, tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n 2. T\u1ef1 th\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i \u0110\u1ea1i Ca Di\u1ebfp, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt, g\u1eb7p l\u00fac \u0110\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt ra \u0111\u1eddi, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n. Ng\u00e0i th\u01b0a v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt: \u201cPh\u1eadt l\u00e0 Th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a con, con l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt\u201d, v\u1eeba n\u00f3i d\u1ee9t l\u1eddi li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n 3. Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: (\u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi) nh\u01b0 n\u0103m anh em Ki\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u01b0, khi Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e1p lu\u00e2n thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p T\u1ee9 \u0110\u1ebf, h\u1ecd li\u1ec1n ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 S\u01a1 qu\u1ea3, nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 4. Quy y Tam b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: Khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebft-ma(1), ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nghe Ph\u1eadt n\u00f3i ba l\u1ea7n li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u1ea1ng c\u0103n t\u00ednh thu\u1ea7n t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n 5. Th\u1ecd b\u00e1t k\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: Di m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef xu\u1ea5t gia, do s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7u xin c\u1ee7a di m\u1eabu, Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y A-nan b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd th\u1ecd B\u00e1t k\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p(2), li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t C\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 6. Lu\u1eadn ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb Sa di t\u00ean l\u00e0 Tu- \u0111\u00e0-na c\u00f9ng Ph\u1eadt lu\u1eadn ngh\u0129a l\u00fd, Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng ta v\u1ec1 l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng v.v\u2026 m\u1ed7i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecfi: \u201cNh\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o\u201d. \u00d4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cTam gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ea1i sao Th\u1ebf T\u00f4n l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 con \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o?\u201d. Ph\u1eadt b\u1ea3o A Nan \u0111\u01b0a Tu-\u0111\u00e0-na tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 cho th\u1ecd C\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi(3), l\u00fac \u1ea5y \u00f4ng m\u1edbi b\u1ea3y tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n 7. Thi\u1ec7n lai \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi c\u0103n c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ea7n th\u1ee5c, Ph\u1eadt g\u1ecdi \u201cThi\u1ec7n lai T\u1ef3-kheo\u201d li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 8. Nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi thay m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: Nh\u01b0 n\u00e0ng B\u00ecnh Ca Thi c\u00f3 nhan s\u1eafc xinh \u0111\u1eb9p, l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau m\u1ebfn, n\u00e0ng mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t gia th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee3 n\u00e0ng \u0111i gi\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t tr\u1eafc, n\u00ean ph\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a T\u0103ng th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi thay, sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ch\u00f9a Ni \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi cho n\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n 9. \u1ede bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba \u00edt T\u1ef3-kheo nh\u01b0ng thanh t\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p: Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n n\u0103m v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo T\u0103ng ch\u1ee9ng minh, gi\u1edbi t\u1eed c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 10. \u1ede \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p th\u1ecbnh h\u00e0nh: Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo T\u0103ng ch\u1ee9ng minh. Gi\u1edbi t\u1eed m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo thanh t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m y\u1ebft-ma, gi\u1edbi t\u1eed m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n b) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 gi\u00e1o l\u00fd b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n – Gi\u00e1o l\u00fd Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba cho r\u1eb1ng gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u201cV\u00f4 t\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p\u201d, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, n\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00f4 t\u00e1c gi\u1edbi, v\u1ec1 sau k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9, nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, thi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, n\u00ean l\u1ea5y \u201cV\u00f4 t\u00e1c\u201d l\u00e0m gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3. Theo thuy\u1ebft T\u00e1t-b\u00e0-\u0111a b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, V\u00f4 t\u00e1c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 bi\u1ec3u s\u1eafc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1eafc v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n – N\u1ebfu theo thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u00e0m-v\u00f4-\u0111\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u201cV\u00f4 t\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3\u201d l\u00e0 phi s\u1eafc phi t\u00e2m ph\u00e1p (kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng duy\u00ean l\u1ef1 n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng<\/p>\n ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m). Thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u00e1i ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. N\u00f3i chung gi\u00e1o m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y \u201cv\u00f4 t\u00e1c\u201d l\u00e0m gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3, ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng sai. N\u1ebfu theo gi\u00e1o m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, n\u00f3i gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb n\u01a1i t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3. Ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y trong Kinh Anh L\u1ea1c c\u00f3 n\u00f3i. C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i: \u201cB\u1ed9 Ma-ha-t\u0103ng-k\u1ef3 cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cV\u00f4 t\u00e1c gi\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 T\u00e2m ph\u00e1p\u201d.<\/p>\n c) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n – N\u1ebfu theo b\u1ea3y ch\u00fang(5) c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, do khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u00ean \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 h\u01a1n k\u00e9m. Nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng \u01afu- b\u00e0-t\u1eafc, \u01afu-b\u00e0-di tu t\u1ea1i gia c\u00f3 n\u0103m gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi nam hay n\u1eef, khi ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ngh\u1ecbch: (gi\u1ebft cha, m\u1eb9, A-a-h\u00e1n, ph\u00e1 h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p t\u0103ng, l\u00e0m th\u00e2n Ph\u1eadt ra m\u00e1u), n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p th\u1ea7y l\u00e0nh, d\u1ea1y quy y Tam b\u1ea3o, th\u1ecd ng\u0169 gi\u1edbi, t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi V\u00f4 t\u00e1c kh\u1edfi, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thanh t\u1ecbnh t\u00edn s\u0129.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, Sa-di c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u1ebfu H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, A-x\u00e0-l\u00ea trao quy y Tam b\u1ea3o thanh t\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, theo Ph\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t gia. N\u1ebfu nh\u1ecb s\u01b0 t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t v\u00f4 t\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 gi\u1edbi Sa-di.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i T\u0103ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng, n\u1ebfu khi l\u00e0m Sa-di kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i, th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ecb (ba v\u1ecb H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3y v\u1ecb A-x\u00e0-l\u00ea thanh t\u1ecbnh) t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p y\u1ebft- ma th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i T\u1ef3-kheo c\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu Sa-di, Th\u1ee9c-xoa v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi ni c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. B\u1ea3y ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea1m tr\u1ecdng gi\u1edbi, n\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p th\u1ea7y l\u00e0nh, duy\u00ean t\u1ed1t, t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng(4), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea3o th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eafc V\u00f4 t\u00e1c gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec sao? Do B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 tu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi, ho\u1eb7c khi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m, g\u1eb7p ngay duy\u00ean t\u1ed1t th\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 2. Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 ba \u00fd :<\/p>\n a) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 Tr\u00ec, Ph\u1ea1m<\/p>\n b) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 Tr\u00ec, Ph\u1ea1m<\/p>\n c) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n a) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 tr\u00ec, ph\u1ea1m<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n a.1. Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n a.2. Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n a.1<\/strong>. Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt sau khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi c\u1ea5m, v\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00ean gi\u1eef g\u00ecn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi, m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ee3i \u00edch nh\u01b0 trong T\u1ef3-ni c\u00f3 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n 1\/ Nhi\u1ebfp t\u0103ng<\/p>\n 2\/ Nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t<\/p>\n 3\/ Mu\u1ed1n t\u0103ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c<\/p>\n 4\/ Chi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e2m c\u1ed1ng cao<\/p>\n 5\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e2m t\u00e0m qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c<\/p>\n 6\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tin<\/p>\n 7\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin th\u00ec ni\u1ec1m tin th\u00eam l\u1edbn<\/p>\n 8\/ Ng\u0103n d\u1ee9t h\u1eefu l\u1eadu \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y<\/p>\n 9\/ \u0110o\u1ea1n vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c \u0111\u1eddi sau<\/p>\n 10\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m cung k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m h\u1ee7y ph\u1ea1m, nh\u01b0 \u00f4m gi\u1eef phao n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m coi th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed9 tr\u00ec, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 hai tay b\u01b0ng ch\u00e9n d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea7y, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u01a1i r\u1edbt m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n a.2<\/strong>. Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng: Ph\u1ea1m ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m. Tuy \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt, mu\u1ed1n ra kh\u1ecfi v\u00f2ng sinh t\u1eed, mong c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, nay g\u1eb7p nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean x\u1ea5u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh, n\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi khinh ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u201cph\u1ea1m\u201d c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m x\u00fac. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c, th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c khuy\u00ean n\u00ean ki\u00eang c\u1eed \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng do kh\u00f4ng nghe l\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, c\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ed9c, cho n\u00ean c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y b\u1ec7nh c\u00e0ng th\u00eam tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eed vong. Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n b) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1eeb s\u01a1 t\u00e2m cho \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, c\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n 1. Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu khuy\u1ebft: Gi\u1eef g\u00ecn b\u1ed1n gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee7y ph\u1ea1m.<\/p>\n 2. Tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi: Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m m\u01b0\u1eddi ba gi\u1edbi T\u0103ng-t\u00e0n.<\/p>\n 3. Tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng xuy\u00ean gi\u1edbi: Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea1m ba thi\u00ean Ba-d\u1eadt-\u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n 4. Tr\u00ec b\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p gi\u1edbi: Kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m t\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ni\u1ec7m phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o gi\u00e1c qu\u00e1n, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u1ed9ng gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 5. Tr\u00ec t\u00f9y \u0111\u1ea1o gi\u1edbi: T\u00e2m h\u00e0nh (Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n) m\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1u ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n, ph\u00e1t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, nh\u1eabn, kh\u1ed5(6) c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o c\u1ed9ng gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 6. Tr\u00ec v\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edbi: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 A-na- h\u00e0m, n\u1ebfu \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00edn ph\u1ea9m t\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110o\u1ea1n lu\u1eadt nghi gi\u1edbi, cho \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ki\u1ebft s\u1eed, tham \u00e1i s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 7. Tr\u00ec tr\u00ed s\u1edf t\u00e1n gi\u1edbi: B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ph\u00e1t B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n n\u00ean tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi. Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed khen ng\u1ee3i, nh\u01b0 tr\u00ec gi\u1eef 10 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 48 gi\u1edbi khinh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, v\u00ec tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 Ph\u1eadt, n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed khen ng\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n 8. Tr\u00ec t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi: H\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, \u1edf trong c\u00e1c duy\u00ean ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 do B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y s\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang sinh m\u00e0 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 9. Tr\u00ec c\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi: B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y ch\u00fang sinh v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t.<\/p>\n 10. Tr\u00ec t\u00f9y \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi: Kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi Di\u1ec7t th\u1ecd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c oai nghi gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh.<\/p>\n B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh gi\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. Hai lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi \u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa, l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian. B\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 T\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian. N\u1ebfu hay th\u1ecd tr\u00ec gi\u1eef g\u00ecn nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u00ean, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1eeb s\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp Tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1eeb c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u. N\u00ean kinh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ph\u1eadt m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi\u201d.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y theo n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c m\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n H\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t tu ph\u00e1p vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb trong m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m s\u01a1 ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu h\u00e0nh, li\u1ec1n th\u1ecd tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1edbi. Cho n\u00ean trong kinh c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cPh\u00e1t t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng hai kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c\u201d.<\/p>\n c) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u201cPh\u00fa ph\u00e1t\u201d ph\u00e1t gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t gi\u1edbi.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai \u00fd:<\/p>\n c.1. V\u00ec sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n c.2. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n c.1<\/strong>. V\u00ec sao g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t: N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi th\u00ec ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian th\u00ec thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf gian khai ph\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00ec ng\u0103n che thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng si\u00eau xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian th\u00ec thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd khai ph\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi th\u00ec b\u1ecb ng\u0103n che thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n c.2<\/strong>. Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh: V\u00ec ch\u00fang sinh tu thi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho n\u00ean chia ra b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch:<\/p>\n – C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n – C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi n\u00ean thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb3ng ph\u00e1t. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n – C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi hay ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n – C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi hay ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n 1\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn ph\u00e1t l\u00e0 do \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n s\u00e2u d\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i, nh\u1edd s\u1ee9c thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, hay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m m\u00e0 sinh t\u00e2m h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1eafc n\u1ee3 ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n tr\u1ea3, cho n\u00ean tuy ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n 2\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy c\u00f3 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, tu thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t l\u00e0 do qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gieo nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi nay tuy c\u00f3 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n 3\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n 4\/ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi hay ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, n\u00ean c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n Suy t\u00ecm t\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n n\u01a1i tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u0103n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00ec sao? N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 t\u1eebng tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Nh\u00e2n tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Do \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, cho n\u00ean thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn ph\u00e1t, khi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eady.<\/p>\n 3. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai \u00fd:<\/p>\n a) Sinh t\u00e2m s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/p>\n b) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/p>\n a) Sinh t\u00e2m s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u1eebng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p duy\u00ean \u00e1c li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y gi\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eb9 ho\u1eb7c n\u1eb7ng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi, do gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u00ec Tam-mu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 y ph\u1ee5c d\u01a1 b\u1ea9n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nhu\u1ed9m m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho n\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Do s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh, tam-mu\u1ed9i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 y ph\u1ee5c b\u1ecb d\u01a1 b\u1ea9n n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eb7t t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch, nhu\u1ed9m v\u1ea3i m\u1edbi th\u1ea5m m\u00e0u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0 duy nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng thanh t\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Trong kinh c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cTrong Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 hai h\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea9m t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c; ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u00e1c r\u1ed3i, bi\u1ebft \u0103n n\u0103n s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu v\u1eady.<\/p>\n S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i ngh\u0129a l\u00e0: \u201cS\u00e1m\u201d g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e1m t\u1ea1, t\u1ea1 l\u1ed7i v\u1edbi Tam b\u1ea3o v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh. \u201cH\u1ed1i\u201d l\u00e0 h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, c\u1ea7u xin s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng vi ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n: \u201cT\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 con vi ph\u1ea1m \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t, t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai d\u00f9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5t th\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m t\u00e1i ph\u1ea1m nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p kh\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf\u201d. C\u00f3 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo th\u01b0a v\u1edbi Ph\u1eadt: \u201cCon th\u00e0 nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o l\u1eeda l\u1edbn b\u1ecb thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t, tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m h\u1ee7y ph\u1ea1m t\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi Nh\u01b0 Lai ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d. Kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, xin nguy\u1ec7n Tam b\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9ng minh nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, \u201cS\u00e1m\u201d l\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng che \u0111\u1eady, \u201cH\u1ed1i\u201d l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebf n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m; \u201cS\u00e1m\u201d l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u \u00e1c, \u201cH\u1ed1i\u201d l\u00e0 lo s\u1ee3 th\u1ecd b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng. Ngh\u0129a s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, nay kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0 gi\u1ea3, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t s\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c, tu nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n b) Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n b.1. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/p>\n b.2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n b.3. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c<\/p>\n b.1<\/strong>. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/p>\n Nguy\u00ean do di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 y ph\u1ee5c b\u1ecb d\u00ednh d\u1ea7u b\u1ea9n, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch ch\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng tro, b\u1ed3 k\u1ebft hay thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea9y, m\u1edbi t\u1ea9y h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, theo gi\u00e1o m\u00f4n th\u00ec r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, n\u00f3i chung c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i ba th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n – T\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1n v\u00f4 sinh s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a ba ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, bao h\u00e0m chung c\u1ea3 Tam t\u1ea1ng, Ma-ha di\u1ec5n, nh\u01b0ng theo \u0111a s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba, hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p sau ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n b.1<\/strong>.a) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch T\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/p>\n L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n xoay chuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0 trong T\u1ef3-ni (t\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadt) th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i. V\u00ec sao? Nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u1edf Thi\u00ean th\u1ee9 hai trong t\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadt quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, hai m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo l\u00e0m ph\u00e9p Y\u1ebft-ma t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p bi\u1ec7t tr\u1ee5, xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed9i v.v\u2026 t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o, c\u0169ng b\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 qu\u00e1n Kh\u00f4ng, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n Y\u1ebft-ma d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0 (5 thi\u00ean) n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n trong t\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ef3-kheo, (3 thi\u00ean) ba ph\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, ngh\u0129a l\u00fd tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, trong t\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadt n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i r\u00f5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i b\u1ed1n t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ri\u00eang trong kinh T\u1ed1i Di\u1ec7u S\u01a1 Gi\u00e1o n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u00ean th\u1ec9nh hai m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo T\u0103ng thanh t\u1ecbnh \u1edf trong \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, T\u1ef3-kheo ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t l\u1ed3 t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m, ch\u01b0 T\u0103ng v\u00ec v\u1ecb \u1ea5y l\u00e0m t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebft-ma th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. T\u1ef3-kheo ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc Tam b\u1ea3o, nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ee5ng gi\u1edbi (ng\u00e0n thi\u00ean) m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n l\u1ea7n li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh\u201d.<\/p>\n C\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea3o l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9ng, t\u1ed9i di\u1ec7t, gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft trong t\u1ea1ng lu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i b\u1ed1n t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng trong kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u00f3 ghi r\u00f5 ph\u00e1p Y\u1ebft-ma n\u00e0y, t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 trong kinh T\u1ed1i Di\u1ec7u S\u01a1 Gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n b.1<\/strong>.b) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 y theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u1edf trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, chuy\u00ean t\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng \u00fd, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0 trong gi\u1edbi B\u1ed3- t\u00e1t c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cN\u1ebfu s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i 10 t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea3o, t\u1ed9i li\u1ec1n di\u1ec7t\u201d. T\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0: th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn xoa \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, hoa sen, t\u1ed9i li\u1ec1n ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ea3o, tuy c\u00f3 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u0169ng v\u00f4 \u00edch.<\/p>\n Ph\u00e1p tu \u0110\u00e0-la-ni trong c\u00e1c Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. Trong tam t\u1ea1ng, Kinh T\u1ea1p A H\u00e0m c\u0169ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c, r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c, t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea1ch h\u00e0o v.v… t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m trong l\u00fac t\u00e2m an \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho n\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0m sao bi\u1ebft t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Kinh n\u00f3i ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u1ed9i ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi khinh, tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nay ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau chung \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/p>\n – T\u01b0\u1edbng trong m\u1ed9ng th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n – Khi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y d\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh linh d\u1ecb.<\/p>\n – Trong khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c, ph\u00e1 gi\u1edbi, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi v.v\u2026<\/p>\n – Th\u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o t\u00e2m khai ph\u00e1t, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9ng m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo t\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng hay nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111o\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee9ng nghi\u1ec7m thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c c\u0103n t\u00ednh s\u1ebd b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn sau.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Thi\u00ean ma c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, t\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu khi hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng, b\u1eadc thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft, cho n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng v\u0103n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y. Cho n\u00ean khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u00e2n c\u1eadn thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e0 hay ch\u00e1nh. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, t\u01b0\u1edbng (hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng) nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y, ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 bi\u1ebft t\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh, hu\u1ed1ng chi t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u trong v\u0103n t\u1ef1, n\u1ebfu kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m mong c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5p v\u00e0o ma s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean g\u1ecdi Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: N\u00f3i qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 khi d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, khi c\u00f4ng phu th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u th\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, theo \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, li\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft t\u1ed9i di\u1ec7t hay ch\u01b0a di\u1ec7t. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i trong l\u00fac h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u00e2m c\u00f2n tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng, sinh t\u00e2m ch\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ma s\u1ef1.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c Kinh Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1eb3ng \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u01a1i kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, y theo v\u0103n t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n b.1<\/strong>.c. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Qu\u00e1n v\u00f4 sinh s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i:<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n Kinh n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 bi\u1ec3n nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0\u1edbng,<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec1u do v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng sinh,<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i,<\/p>\n Ng\u1ed3i th\u1eb3ng ni\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n T\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f3c,<\/p>\n Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfu ti\u00eau tan,<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m,<\/p>\n S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i s\u00e1u c\u0103n.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 h\u1ec5 mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea1i s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i bi, th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh, hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u1ea5u tri\u1ec7t ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. V\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p x\u01b0a nay v\u1ed1n r\u1ed7ng l\u1eb7ng, ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hu\u1ed1ng g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i b\u00e1o sao? Ch\u1ec9 do ch\u00fang sinh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o t\u01b0 duy, v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh c\u00f3 di\u1ec7t v.v\u2026 do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u1edfi tam \u0111\u1ed9c: v\u00f4 minh, tham \u00e1i, s\u00e2n gi\u1eadn, t\u1ea1o v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m ch\u01b0a li\u1ec5u ng\u1ed9 ch\u00e2n t\u00e2m m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n xoay l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, t\u00e2m v\u00f4 minh n\u00e0y t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u sinh kh\u1edfi? N\u1ebfu t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u00ec qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3, ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m l\u00e0 v\u1ecb lai, v\u1ecb lai th\u00ec ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn, ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i sinh kh\u1edfi, ngay hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i t\u1eebng s\u00e1t-na sinh di\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, trong t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, t\u00e2m c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i t\u00e2m l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u1edf trong hay \u1edf ngo\u00e0i, \u1edf ch\u1eb7ng gi\u1eefa hay \u1edf hai b\u00ean? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i t\u00e2m \u1edf trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee3i duy\u00ean t\u1ea1o b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, b\u00ean trong t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i \u1edf ngo\u00e0i th\u00e2n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ta c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 g\u00ec. S\u1eafc tr\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec v\u00f4 tri v\u00f4 gi\u00e1c, ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e2m sao? Trong ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd n\u00e0o \u1edf gi\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1edf gi\u1eefa, th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 t\u00e2m d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecbch (r\u1ed7ng rang, v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng). \u0110\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m, ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m. T\u00e2m qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu sao? \u0110\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e1n, s\u1edf qu\u00e1n, v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111o\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i, th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 v\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 tham \u00e1i s\u00e2n h\u1eadn. Tam \u0111\u1ed9c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u1ed9i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u ph\u00e1t sinh?<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, mu\u00f4n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u do t\u00e2m sinh. T\u00e2m t\u00ednh c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 mu\u00f4n ph\u00e1p? N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 mu\u00f4n ph\u00e1p th\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed9i? N\u1ebfu t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu t\u1ed9i v\u1ed1n ch\u1eb3ng sinh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed9i v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh, m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng thanh t\u1ecbnh. N\u00ean ng\u00e0i Duy Ma C\u1eadt b\u1ea3o ng\u00e0i \u01afu Ba Ly r\u1eb1ng: \u201cHai v\u1ecb t\u1ef3-kheo n\u00e0y v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng ch\u1edb k\u1ebft th\u00eam t\u1ed9i cho h\u1ecd, \u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i, ch\u1edb l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m h\u1ecd\u201d.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 trong Kinh Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n ghi: \u201cQu\u00e1n t\u00e2m v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u00e2m th\u00ec ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ee5, t\u00e2m ta v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec t\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7, cho n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, l\u00e0 Trang nghi\u00eam s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, l\u00e0 S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 S\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y, trong m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt\u201d. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 sinh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, trong ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t t\u00f4n qu\u00fd, r\u1ea5t huy\u1ec1n di\u1ec7u. N\u00ean trong c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i n\u00e0y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Tu qu\u00e1n ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i v\u00f4 sinh, l\u00e0m sao bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: D\u00f9ng t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed1i trong m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed9i, ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m t\u1ef1 di\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 tu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n hay ch\u01b0a, c\u1ea7n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tinh chuy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft r\u00f5. Nh\u01b0 trong ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9ng t\u1ed1t \u0111i\u1ec1m l\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 khai ph\u00e1t v.v… s\u1ebd \u1ee9ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m c\u00f9ng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c. N\u00ean trong Kinh Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cKhi\u1ebfn tu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u1edf trong m\u1ed7i ni\u1ec7m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i sinh t\u1eed tr\u0103m v\u1ea1n \u1ee9c a-t\u0103ng-k\u1ef3 ki\u1ebfp\u201d. Theo kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n tr\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng minh, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00f4 sinh nh\u1eabn, th\u00ec bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed9i. Do gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt thanh t\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n b.2<\/strong>. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 sai kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec ph\u00e1p di\u1ec7t t\u1ed9i c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng. V\u00ec sao? T\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ba ph\u1ea9m:<\/p>\n – T\u1ed9i vi v\u00f4 t\u00e1c<\/p>\n – Th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh<\/p>\n – V\u00f4 minh v\u00e0 Phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o<\/p>\n T\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u00ec ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y hao t\u1ed5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o trong ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 d\u1ee9t s\u1eafc th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n – T\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb t\u1ed9i \u201cVi v\u00f4 t\u00e1c\u201d ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb \u201cTh\u1ec3 t\u00ednh\u201d nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n Trong Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n Lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 ghi: \u201cN\u1ebfu T\u1ef3-kheo ph\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi s\u00e1t sinh, tuy tu ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi thanh t\u1ecbnh, t\u1ed9i ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t, m\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o s\u00e1t sinh kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 ch\u1ee9ng minh ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1n v\u00f4 sinh s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i t\u1ed9i di\u1ec7t: C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh, t\u1eadp kh\u00ed phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh, tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n b.3<\/strong>. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Sau khi tu ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh, gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i \u00e1o b\u1ecb r\u00e1ch li\u1ec1n v\u00e1 l\u1ea1i, tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n r\u00e1ch th\u1ee7ng, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng khi c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean l\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o d\u01a1 b\u1ea9n, sau khi gi\u1eb7t t\u1ea9y s\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0 trong Lu\u1eadt Ng\u0169 Ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5, ph\u1ea1m hai thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea1m ba thi\u00ean sau th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n Kinh S\u01a1 Gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u00e1c y\u1ebft-ma s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, b\u1ed1n t\u1ed9i tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Nay nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u1ea7n l\u1ea5y ba ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, chia l\u00e0m ba \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec3 suy x\u00e9t.<\/p>\n – Ngh\u0129a kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n – Ngh\u0129a v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – Ngh\u0129a t\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n Nay c\u1ea7n m\u01b0\u1ee3n th\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n b\u00e0y ba \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u00ean:<\/p>\n – T\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: Sau khi l\u00e0m ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh, sau khi u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c g\u1eebng, b\u1ec7nh tuy l\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u00f3 khi kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 c\u0169 ho\u1eb7c y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec sao? Do tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng phu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u1ea3m l\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng th\u1ea1ch t\u00e1n v.v… kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh tr\u00e1ng ki\u1ec7n h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n – Qu\u00e1n v\u00f4 sinh s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i: Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n khai ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a t\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n u\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c ti\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0nh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ph\u00e9p th\u1ea7n ti\u00ean, bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i. Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y m\u00e0 suy th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u1eady.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi th\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi th\u00ec sao?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, ph\u1ea3i \u0111i th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi do s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t gi\u1edbi, Kinh Ph\u1ed5 Hi\u1ec1n Qu\u00e1n ghi: \u201cNh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang sinh do nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c g\u1eb7p thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c, ph\u00e1t B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e2m, th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec b\u1ecb lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i trong sinh t\u1eed \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed9i, do qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t n\u00ean vi ph\u1ea1m c\u1ea5m gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1eddi nay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy y Tam b\u1ea3o, nh\u1edd tu t\u1eadp l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt thanh t\u1ecbnh, d\u00f9ng gi\u1edbi b\u1ed5n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tuy kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t\u201d.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0 trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cThi-la \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea7n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 H\u1ea3o thi\u1ec7n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00edch th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n. T\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi-la. Ho\u1eb7c th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi-la\u201d.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi h\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thi-la, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 Thi-la ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tam-mu\u1ed9i sao?<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea7n th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00ec th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a: Tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e2u th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi sao?<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, hay kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0 Kinh Di\u1ec7u Th\u1eafng \u0110\u1ecbnh ghi: \u201cCh\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t\u201d. N\u1ebfu trong l\u00fac t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tu ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n 1. Ph\u00e1p y ph\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n 1\/ Nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1i s\u0129 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf n\u00fai tuy\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng du h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n gian, s\u1ee9c kham nh\u1eabn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3i l\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n 2\/ Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Ca Di\u1ebfp v.v… th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef ba y ph\u1ea5n t\u1ea3o, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a d\u01b0 th\u1eeba, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p y c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc trung.<\/p>\n 3\/ N\u1ebfu \u1edf x\u1ee9 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu l\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec1u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eadc h\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng kham n\u1ed7i, Nh\u01b0 Lai khai m\u1edf, ngo\u00e0i ba y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafm th\u00eam 101 v\u1eadt c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m ph\u00e1p thuy\u1ebft t\u1ecbnh, bi\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7, n\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 tham c\u1ea7u th\u00ec ng\u0103n ch\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n 2. \u0102n u\u1ed1ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n 1\/ Nh\u01b0 b\u1eadc Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1i s\u0129 \u1edf n\u01a1i th\u00e2m s\u01a1n, xa h\u1eb3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y th\u1eddi d\u00f9ng rau qu\u1ea3 nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n.<\/p>\n 2\/ Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0, theo ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng, s\u1ed1ng theo ch\u00e1nh m\u1ea1ng, v\u00ec hay sinh th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh Ch\u1ee7ng. B\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng t\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0: H\u1ea1 kh\u1ea9u th\u1ef1c, Ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u1ea9u th\u1ef1c, Duy kh\u1ea9u th\u1ef1c, Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ea9u th\u1ef1c. B\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t v\u00ec Thanh m\u1ed9c n\u1eef m\u00e0 n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n 3\/ \u1ede ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng v\u1ebb, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00e0n vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0a th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n 4\/ \u1ede trong T\u0103ng, th\u1ecd th\u1ef1c theo ch\u00fang T\u0103ng \u0111\u00fang ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p \u0103n m\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 duy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Y th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00e2n, th\u00ec t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng an \u1ed5n, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cNh\u00e0n\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng \u1ed3n n\u00e1o g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ecbnh\u201d. C\u00f3 ba n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/p>\n a) \u1ede th\u00e2m s\u01a1n, tuy\u1ec7t d\u1ee9t b\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n b) Ch\u1ed7 lan-nh\u00e3 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0. \u201clan-nh\u00e3\u201d l\u00e0 n\u01a1i v\u1eafng v\u1ebb, xa h\u1eb3n x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ba, b\u1ed1n d\u1eb7m, tr\u1ebb ch\u0103n tr\u00e2u, b\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eafng b\u1eb7t ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng \u1ed3n n\u00e1o.<\/p>\n c) Ch\u1ed7 Gi\u00e0-lam (ch\u00f9a, \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng) thanh t\u1ecbnh, xa n\u01a1i \u1edf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c, \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u00e0n t\u1ecbnh\u201d v\u1eafng v\u1ebb.<\/p>\n Duy\u00ean v\u1ee5 (c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c) c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i, t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n – D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c m\u01b0u sinh: l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p (h\u1eefu vi) th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n – D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi: l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, th\u00e2n th\u00edch, d\u1ee9t tuy\u1ec7t s\u1ef1 qua l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n – D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o th\u1ebf gian: l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c ngh\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c, ch\u00fa thu\u1eadt, th\u1ea7y b\u00f3i, th\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ed1 v.v… c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u1edf th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n – D\u1ee9t c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n: l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, lu\u1eadn ngh\u1ecb, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v.v… th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee9t h\u1ebft duy\u00ean v\u1ee5? V\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c th\u00ec b\u1ecf ph\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f3 nhi\u1ebfp ph\u1ee5c t\u00e2m lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n – Ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed9 thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c: ng\u01b0\u1eddi kinh doanh, c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n nhau.<\/p>\n – \u0110\u1ed3ng h\u1ea1nh thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c: ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng tu h\u00e0nh nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf l\u1eabn nhau, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n nhau.<\/p>\n – Gi\u00e1o th\u1ecd thi\u1ec7n tri th\u1ee9c: b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1p h\u1ef7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 an l\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i xong \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 5 duy\u00ean.<\/p>\n Trong kinh n\u00f3i: \u201cD\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u00e1c g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 Qu\u00e1n\u201d. Ly d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xa n\u0103m th\u1ee9 d\u1ee5c, ph\u00e1p \u00e1c l\u00e0 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ng\u0103n che.<\/p>\n N\u0103m th\u1ee9 d\u1ee5c: S\u1eafc, Thanh, H\u01b0\u01a1ng, V\u1ecb, X\u00fac, \u1edf th\u1ebf gian, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e0m phu, ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xa, th\u00ec c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng ki\u1ec1u di\u1ec5m \u0111oan nghi\u00eam c\u1ee7a nam n\u1eef, nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft trong, m\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb9p, m\u00f4i h\u1ed3ng, r\u0103ng tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt qu\u00fd b\u00e1u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian, nh\u1eefng m\u00e0u s\u1eafc vi di\u1ec7u nh\u01b0: xanh, v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf, tr\u1eafng, h\u1ed3ng, t\u00eda, xanh nh\u1ea1t, xanh \u0111\u1eadm v.v… th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu khi th\u1ea5y li\u1ec1n sinh t\u00e2m tham mu\u1ed1n, t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 vua T\u1ea7n-b\u00e0-sa-la do ham s\u1eafc d\u1ee5c, \u0111em th\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eb7c, \u1edf trong ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2m n\u1eef A-ph\u1ea1m-ba-la. Nh\u01b0 vua \u01afu-tr\u1ea5n v\u00ec nhi\u1ec5m s\u1eafc d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t tay ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a 500 v\u1ecb ti\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft s\u1eafc d\u1ee5c g\u00e2y ra bao nhi\u00eau t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Nh\u01b0 trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn.<\/p>\n T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh nh\u01b0: \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ea7m, s\u00e1o, ti\u00eau, ti\u1ebfng tr\u00fac, \u0111\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c v.v\u2026 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdng ca, ti\u1ebfng h\u00e1t, th\u01a1, t\u00e1n, t\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m phu v\u1eeba nghe th\u00ec say m\u00ea, kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o bao \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 500 v\u1ecb ti\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u1edf n\u00fai tuy\u1ebft nghe ti\u1ebfng ca c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng Ch\u00e2n-\u0111\u00e0-la li\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m m\u00ea say cu\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1n. Do nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u201c\u00c2m thanh g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\u201d.<\/p>\n M\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a nam n\u1eef, c\u00e1c th\u1ee9c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 h\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbp \u1edf th\u1ebf gian, k\u1ebb ngu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1n x\u00e9t t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u1eeba ng\u1eedi li\u1ec1n sinh t\u00e2m m\u00ea \u0111\u1eafm, m\u1edf c\u1eeda phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ki\u1ebft s\u1eed. Nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo \u1edf b\u00ean h\u1ed3 sen, ng\u1eedi m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a hoa sen, sinh t\u00e2m \u01b0a th\u00edch, b\u1ecb v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n gi\u1eef h\u1ed3 sen qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch \u201cV\u00ec sao tr\u1ed9m m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ta\u201d. V\u00ec th\u00edch m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady. Do nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft say \u0111\u1eafm m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e2y tai h\u1ea1i t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u1edf trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f9i v\u1ecb: \u0111\u1eafng, cay, chua, ng\u1ecdt, m\u1eb7n, l\u1ea1t, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 cao l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ef9 v\u1ecb \u1ea5y, hay l\u00e0m cho t\u00e2m k\u1ebb ph\u00e0m phu sinh t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafm nhi\u1ec5m, t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng Sa-di v\u00ec \u01b0a th\u00edch v\u1ecb t\u00f4-l\u1ea1c n\u00ean sau khi ch\u1ebft sinh l\u00e0m con gi\u00f2i \u1edf trong t\u00f4-l\u1ea1c. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft m\u00ea \u0111\u1eafm v\u1ecb d\u1ee5c g\u00e2y tai h\u1ea1i t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Da th\u1ecbt m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i, m\u1ecbn m\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a nam n\u1eef, khi l\u1ea1nh ch\u1ea1m \u1ea5m, khi n\u00f3ng ch\u1ea1m th\u1ea5y m\u00e1t, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u01b0a th\u00edch. K\u1ebb ngu kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm, khi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u0103n \u0111\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1eebng v\u00ec x\u00fac d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 m\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng, b\u1ecb d\u00e2m n\u1eef c\u1ee1i c\u1ed5. X\u00fac d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 l\u1eafm vi\u1ec7c tai h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u1edf trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: V\u00ec sao ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1ch ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1ch ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c, trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n ghi: \u201cThan \u00f4i! Ch\u00fang sinh b\u1ecb ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n, m\u00e0 m\u00e3i t\u00ecm c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4i. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0ng h\u0103ng, nh\u01b0 l\u1eeda th\u00eam c\u1ee7i, ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng vui, nh\u01b0 ch\u00f3 g\u1eb7m x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c g\u00e2y tranh \u0111\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea7y qu\u1ea1 gi\u00e0nh th\u1ecbt th\u00fai. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c thi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7m \u0111u\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00f3. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c h\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1p nh\u1eb1m r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng g\u1eb7p c\u1ee7a b\u00e1u. Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m b\u1ee3, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 ch\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1 nh\u00e1ng l\u1eeda. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi ngu m\u00ea, tham \u0111\u1eafm ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf, \u0111\u1eddi sau ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1ed5 n\u00e3o\u201d. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c sai s\u1eed, kh\u00e1c n\u00e0o l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb cho ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c. Do qu\u00e1 tham \u0111\u1eafm ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c, n\u00ean ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm trong ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c. Ta nay tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ch\u00fang ng\u0103n che, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c hung d\u1eef, ph\u1ea3i ch\u00f3ng xa l\u00eca.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong Thi\u1ec1n Kinh(7) ghi:<\/p>\n Sinh t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n,<\/p>\n V\u00ec \u01b0a d\u1ee5c th\u00edch v\u1ecb,<\/p>\n Nu\u00f4i k\u1ebb th\u00f9 trong nh\u00e0,<\/p>\n Lu\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eafng cay.<\/p>\n Th\u00e2n th\u00fai nh\u01b0 x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft,<\/p>\n Ch\u00edn l\u1ed7 ch\u1ea3y b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 tr\u00f9ng ph\u00e2n \u01b0a ph\u00e2n,<\/p>\n K\u1ebb \u0111\u1eafm th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed n\u00ean qu\u00e1n th\u00e2n,<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng tham nhi\u1ec5m th\u1ebf gian.<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng d\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng tham mu\u1ed1n,<\/p>\n \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi ch\u00e2n Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i,<\/p>\n Nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t \u00fd h\u00e0nh,<\/p>\n S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh,<\/p>\n \u1ea4y g\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0110\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0.<\/p>\n T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ng\u0103n che: Tham mu\u1ed1n, gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn, m\u00ea ng\u1ee7, dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn v\u00e0 nghi ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u1ed1i n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i sinh t\u00e2m tham mu\u1ed1n, nay n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh trong \u00fd c\u0103n sinh t\u00e2m tham mu\u1ed1n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi tham mu\u1ed1n, ni\u1ec7m ni\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i, che \u0111\u1eady thi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, sau khi bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i li\u1ec1n b\u1ecf. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? Nh\u01b0 n\u00e0ng Thu\u1eadt-b\u00e0-gi\u00e0 trong t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi tham d\u1ee5c, c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 thay, hu\u1ed1ng chi t\u00e2m sinh l\u1eeda tham d\u1ee5c m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng thi\u00eau c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh sao?<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham d\u1ee5c c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1o r\u1ea5t xa, v\u00ec tham d\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, lo\u1ea1n t\u00e2m, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m \u00f4m \u1ea5p tham d\u1ee5c, th\u00ec kh\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1o. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 Tr\u1eeb C\u00e1i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng:<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1o,<\/p>\n \u00d4m b\u00e1t ph\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang sinh,<\/p>\n T\u1ea1i sao theo tr\u1ea7n t\u1ee5c,<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eafm ch\u00ecm trong ng\u0169 t\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e3 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c,<\/p>\n B\u1ecf n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc,<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1eeda.<\/p>\n C\u1ea7u c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c th\u00ec kh\u1ed5,<\/p>\n Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lo s\u1ee3,<\/p>\n Khi m\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i lo r\u1ea7u,<\/p>\n T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng vui.<\/p>\n H\u1ecda c\u00e1c d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf,<\/p>\n Do \u0111\u00e2u x\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3?<\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c vui s\u00e2u thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh,<\/p>\n Li\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb n\u00f3 l\u1eeba.<\/p>\n S\u00e2n gi\u1eadn l\u00e0 c\u1ed9i g\u1ed1c sinh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecda v\u00e0o ba \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1c, l\u00e0 oan gia c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p an l\u1ea1c, l\u00e0 b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c d\u1eef c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 kho ch\u1ee9a bao nhi\u00eau ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u00f4 \u00e1c. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1i ta, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n ta, khen ng\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a ta\u201d. Suy ngh\u0129 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, v\u1ecb lai c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00edn th\u1ee9 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, do s\u00e2n h\u1eadn n\u00ean sinh o\u00e1n th\u00f9, do t\u00e2m o\u00e1n th\u00f9 n\u00ean kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, s\u00e2n h\u1eadn, o\u00e1n th\u00f9 che \u0111\u1eady t\u00e2m n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00e1i. Ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p b\u1ecf n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i Th\u00edch-\u0111\u1ec1-b\u00e0-na, d\u00f9ng b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 h\u1ecfi Ph\u1eadt:<\/p>\n V\u1eadt g\u00ec gi\u1ebft an l\u1ea1c?<\/p>\n V\u1eadt g\u00ec gi\u1ebft v\u00f4 \u01b0u?<\/p>\n V\u1eadt g\u00ec g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c?<\/p>\n Nu\u1ed1t m\u1ea5t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n?<\/p>\n Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1p:<\/p>\n Gi\u1ebft s\u00e2n th\u00ec an l\u1ea1c,<\/p>\n Gi\u1ebft s\u00e2n th\u00ec v\u00f4 \u01b0u,<\/p>\n S\u00e2n l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c,<\/p>\n S\u00e2n di\u1ec7t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e3 bi\u1ebft s\u00e2n nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tu t\u1eeb bi nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb di\u1ec7t n\u00f3, cho t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thanh t\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n N\u1ed9i t\u00e2m h\u00f4n \u00e1m g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00f9y, ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 t\u1ee9 chi, n\u1eb1m l\u0103n ra ng\u1ee7 v\u00f9i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mi\u00ean. \u00dd th\u1ee9c m\u00ea m\u1edd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00f9y, n\u0103m t\u00ecnh (ng\u0169 c\u0103n) che t\u1ed1i m\u00ea man g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 mi\u00ean. Do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u00f9y mi\u00ean c\u00e1i.<\/p>\n Trong Lu\u1eadn A T\u1ef3 \u0110\u00e0m n\u00f3i m\u00ea ng\u1ee7 l\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u00e2m s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1p (51 t\u00e2m s\u1edf), hay ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1i vui ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt n\u01a1i t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi sau, c\u0169ng ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1u sinh thi\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi v\u1ecb lai. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p \u00e1c, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ng\u0103n che t\u00e2m t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c d\u1ec5 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, n\u00ean c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00f2n khi m\u00ea ng\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00ean kh\u00f3 tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t qu\u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed m\u00ea ng\u1ee7:<\/p>\n \u00d4ng d\u1eady ch\u1edb \u00f4m th\u00e2y th\u00fai n\u1eb1m,<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nh\u01a1 nh\u1edbp g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng t\u00ean c\u1eafm v\u00e0o th\u00e2n,<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea7y d\u1eaby \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn \u0111\u00e2u y\u00ean ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i s\u1eafp \u0111em gi\u1ebft,<\/p>\n Tai h\u1ea1i k\u1ec1 b\u00ean \u0111\u00e2u th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee7,<\/p>\n Gi\u1eb7c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ch\u01b0a di\u1ec7t ch\u01b0a tr\u1eeb,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 c\u00f9ng r\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed9c chung nh\u00e0 \u1edf.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn gi\u1eefa l\u00e0n dao,<\/p>\n Khi \u1ea5y l\u00e0m sao y\u00ean ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,<\/p>\n Ng\u1ee7 l\u00e0 m\u00ea t\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y,<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u01b0\u1edbp m\u1ea5t tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ta.<\/p>\n Do ng\u1ee7 che t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c,<\/p>\n H\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e2u y\u00ean ng\u1ee7.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch m\u00ea ng\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9, khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng cho m\u00ea m\u1edd t\u00e2m t\u00ednh. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m m\u00ea ng\u1ee7 qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng, ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng thi\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00f3.<\/p>\n a) Tr\u1ea1o<\/strong>: L\u00e0 tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed<\/p>\n C\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9: Th\u00e2n, kh\u1ea9u, \u00fd.<\/p>\n – Th\u00e2n tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed: Th\u00e2n \u01b0a th\u00edch ch\u1ea1y rong, \u0111\u00f9a gi\u1ee1n l\u0103ng x\u0103ng, \u00edt khi ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean.<\/p>\n – Kh\u1ea9u tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed: Mi\u1ec7ng \u01b0a ca h\u00e1t, tranh c\u00e3i ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea5y, lu\u1eadn b\u00e0n nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n v\u00f4 \u00edch, n\u00f3i c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c th\u1ebf t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n – T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed: T\u00e2m t\u00ednh ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang, \u00fd ngh\u0129 l\u0103ng x\u0103ng, suy ngh\u0129 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ebf gian, x\u00e9t ngh\u0129 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u \u00e1c v.v… g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed. T\u00e2m tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed hay ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t gia. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed1 nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh, hu\u1ed1ng chi k\u1ebb t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 con voi say kh\u00f4ng m\u00f3c s\u1eaft, con l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2y m\u0169i, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1o t\u00f3c m\u1eb7c \u00e1o nhu\u1ed9m,<\/p>\n \u00d4m b\u00ecnh b\u00e1t v\u00e0o x\u00f3m xin \u0103n,<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i \u01b0a th\u00edch l\u0103ng x\u0103ng,<\/p>\n Bu\u00f4ng lung t\u00e2m \u00fd, m\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e3 m\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p l\u1ee3i trong Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p, l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 vui \u1edf \u0111\u1eddi. Bi\u1ebft tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed l\u00e0 tai h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p b\u1ecf n\u00f3.<\/p>\n b) H\u1ed1i<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn th\u00ec ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh che \u0111\u1eady. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec khi tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed c\u00f2n \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, trong khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edbi h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, khi\u1ebfn lo bu\u1ed3n che \u0111\u1eady t\u00e2m t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n H\u1ed1i h\u1eadn c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9: Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u00e0 l\u00e0m; N\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n Do tr\u1ea1o c\u1eed r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi sinh h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y t\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4m l\u00f2ng lo s\u1ee3, m\u0169i t\u00ean h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn c\u1eafm s\u00e2u v\u00e0o tim kh\u00f3 nh\u1ed5 ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f3 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7:<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u00e0 l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n N\u00ean l\u00e0m m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n L\u1eeda h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn thi\u00eau ch\u00e1y,<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eddi sau \u0111\u1ecda \u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i n\u00ean h\u1ed1i,<\/p>\n H\u1ed1i r\u1ed3i ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n lo,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u00e2m an l\u1ea1c,<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edb m\u00e3i.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9 h\u1ed1i,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 n\u00ean l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n \u1ea4y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ebb ngu.<\/p>\n Do kh\u00f4ng t\u00e2m h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn,<\/p>\n Ch\u1eb3ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n C\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m,<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n D\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch tr\u1ea1o h\u1ed1i che \u0111\u1eady nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. T\u00e2m th\u1ea7n thanh t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u0103n che, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf n\u01a1i t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an l\u1ea1c, v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c sung m\u00e3n.<\/p>\n Do nghi ng\u1edd che \u0111\u1eady t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ed1i trong ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin. V\u00ec l\u00f2ng tin kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00ean \u1edf trong Ph\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch g\u00ec c\u1ea3. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o n\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a b\u00e1u, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tay n\u00ean ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n Nay n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m nghi ng\u0103n ch\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. G\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n 1. Nghi m\u00ecnh: Nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cTa l\u00e0 k\u1ebb ngu, t\u1ed9i ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc kia\u201d. T\u1ef1 kh\u1edfi nghi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u00ec thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1edb c\u00f3 khinh m\u00ecnh, v\u00ec c\u0103n l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2u th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n 2. Nghi th\u1ea7y: Nghi th\u1ea7y \u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1o v\u00e0 oai nghi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, chinh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao d\u1ea1y ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kh\u1edfi nghi m\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n d\u1ea1y: \u201cV\u00ed nh\u01b0 trong \u0111\u00e3y da th\u00fai c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0ng, v\u00ec ham v\u00e0ng ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3y da th\u00fai n\u00e0y\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u0169ng v\u1eady, v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y tuy ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thanh t\u1ecbnh, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u1edfi t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n 3. Nghi ph\u00e1p: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u hay ch\u1ea5p t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh suy ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, n\u00ean sau khi th\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m cung k\u00ednh l\u00e3nh th\u1ecd th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m do d\u1ef1 th\u00ec di\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh h\u1ed9i. V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 tr\u00e1ch t\u00e2m nghi ng\u1edd:<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e3 ba,<\/p>\n Nghi ng\u1edd kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1ed1i,<\/p>\n Trong c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng,<\/p>\n Nghi c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n V\u00ec nghi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea7u,<\/p>\n Th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p,<\/p>\n Th\u1ea5y nghi t\u1eeb si sinh,<\/p>\n L\u00e0 \u00e1c trong c\u00e1c \u00e1c.<\/p>\n Trong ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n,<\/p>\n Sinh t\u1eed v\u00e0 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n,<\/p>\n H\u1eb3n th\u1eadt c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p ch\u00e2n,<\/p>\n Trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1edb sinh nghi.<\/p>\n \u00d4ng n\u1ebfu \u00f4m l\u00f2ng nghi,<\/p>\n Ch\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u00faa ng\u1ee5c tr\u00f3i,<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 s\u01b0 t\u1eed ch\u1ee5p nai,<\/p>\n Ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n \u1ede \u0111\u1eddi tuy c\u00f3 nghi,<\/p>\n Ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y h\u1ef7 ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh,<\/p>\n V\u00ed nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5y ng\u00e3 ba,<\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t, l\u1ee3i n\u00ean \u0111i.<\/p>\n L\u00f2ng tin hay v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tin, tuy \u1edf trong Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ee7 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m nghi ng\u1edd r\u1ea5t tai h\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i g\u1ea5p b\u1ecf n\u00f3.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 b\u1ee5i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh h\u1ebft, t\u1ea1i sao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o b\u1ecf n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 th\u00f4i?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Trong n\u0103m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 tam \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea7n, b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, nhi\u1ebfp c\u1ea3 t\u00e1m mu\u00f4n b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n (84000) tr\u1ea7n lao. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0:<\/p>\n – Tham mu\u1ed1n thu\u1ed9c tham \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n – Gi\u1eadn h\u1eddn thu\u1ed9c s\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n – M\u00ea ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 nghi thu\u1ed9c si \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n – Di\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea7n. Ch\u00fang hi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. Trong m\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 hai v\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n (21000), b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u00e1m mu\u00f4n b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n (84000). Th\u1ebf n\u00ean tr\u1eeb Ng\u0169 c\u00e1i l\u00e0 tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p \u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu n\u00ean l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tr\u1eeb b\u1ecf Ng\u0169 c\u00e1i. Ng\u0169 c\u00e1i b\u1ecf r\u1ed3i, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang v\u1eadt n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf, nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c bao v\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u tho\u00e1t, y\u00ean \u1ed5n kh\u00f4ng lo s\u1ee3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu c\u0169ng v\u1eady, tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u0169 c\u00e1i r\u1ed3i, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m an \u1ed5n m\u00e1t m\u1ebb an vui, nh\u01b0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng b\u1ecb n\u0103m th\u1ee9 che t\u1ed1i: Kh\u00f3i, b\u1ee5i, m\u00e2y, s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9, v\u00e0 b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n A-tu-la che th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng. T\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u0103m vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n che c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n I- \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a \u0103n u\u1ed1ng<\/p>\n II- \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9<\/p>\n III- \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00e2n<\/p>\n IV- \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/p>\n V- \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u00e2m<\/p>\n V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? Nay m\u01b0\u1ee3n m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a n\u00e0y cho d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 g\u1ed1m, mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m c\u00e1c m\u00f3n \u0111\u1ed3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5t cho th\u1eadt d\u1ebbo, kh\u00e9o l\u00e0m sao cho kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e3o, r\u1ed3i sau m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean khu\u00f4n m\u00e0 n\u1eb7n. Nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ea7m, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9nh d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u0103ng, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9n, sau m\u1edbi kh\u1ea3y l\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c \u00e2m thanh vi di\u1ec7u. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tu t\u00e2m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00e9o \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a n\u0103m vi\u1ec7c khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00edch nghi, th\u00ec ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ec5 sinh. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong n\u0103m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, th\u00ec sinh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u1edbng n\u1ea1n, thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n kh\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn tu \u0111\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p. N\u1ebfu \u0103n qu\u00e1 no th\u00ec bao t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7y, h\u01a1i th\u1edf g\u1ea5p, tr\u0103m m\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng, t\u00e2m b\u1ecb b\u1ebf t\u1eafc, ng\u1ed3i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1eb3ng y\u00ean. N\u1ebfu \u0103n u\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 \u00edt th\u00ec th\u00e2n g\u1ea7y, bao t\u1eed l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, \u00fd lao l\u1ef1 xao \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng v\u1eefng. Hai vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu \u0103n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt tr\u01b0\u1ee3c u\u1ebf, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i h\u00f4n m\u00ea. N\u1ebfu \u0103n nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, th\u00ec k\u00edch ph\u00e1t b\u1ec7nh c\u0169, khi\u1ebfn T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ecbch nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi tu t\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t, tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Cho n\u00ean kinh ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n Th\u00e2n an th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o t\u0103ng,<\/p>\n \u0102n u\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9,<\/p>\n Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0a ch\u1ed7 v\u1eafng v\u1ebb,<\/p>\n T\u00e2m l\u1eb7ng \u01b0a tinh t\u1ea5n,<\/p>\n L\u00e0 l\u1eddi ch\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n Ng\u1ee7 l\u00e0 b\u1ecb v\u00f4 minh che \u0111\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ecf b\u00ea vi\u1ec7c tu h\u00e0nh, l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng phu, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m \u00e1m mu\u1ed9i, c\u0103n l\u00e0nh tan m\u1ea5t. Ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 tinh th\u1ea7n trong s\u00e1ng, t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t thanh t\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e1 t\u00e2m n\u01a1i Th\u00e1nh c\u1ea3nh, ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n. Cho n\u00ean trong kinh c\u00f3 ghi: \u201c\u0110\u1ea7u h\u00f4m v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng ch\u1edb c\u00f3 b\u1ecf ph\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng do v\u00ec nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9, khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi lu\u1ed1ng qua, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Ph\u1ea3i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng thi\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gian, s\u1edbm c\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1edb n\u00ean ng\u1ee7 ngh\u1ec9\u201d.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp Tam-mu\u1ed9i, ph\u1ea3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n. Khi ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111i, \u0111\u1ee9ng, n\u1eb1m, ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng th\u01b0 th\u1ea3, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4 th\u00e1o, h\u01a1i th\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00f4, do h\u01a1i th\u1edf th\u00f4 th\u00ec t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n kh\u00f3 k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u1ed3i t\u00e2m b\u1ee9t r\u1ee9t, kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0 th\u00e1i. Do \u0111\u00f3, tuy ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee5ng \u00fd, s\u1edbm t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf n\u00f3 d\u1ea7n. L\u00fac nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o an th\u00e2n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Khi \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean, m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y an \u1ed5n, l\u00e2u sau kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 g\u00ec tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i, m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n ch\u00e2n.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ng\u1ed3i b\u00e1n gi\u00e0(8) th\u00ec l\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i m\u1eb7t, k\u00e9o s\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f9i m\u1eb7t, b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f9i tr\u00e1i.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ng\u1ed3i ki\u1ebft gi\u00e0(9) th\u00ec k\u00e9o b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i l\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i. N\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng d\u00e2y l\u01b0ng, c\u1ed5 \u00e1o, s\u1eeda cho ngay th\u1eb3ng, ch\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 khi ng\u1ed3i r\u1eddi tu\u1ed9t. L\u1ea5y b\u00e0n tay tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n tay m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00f3n tay l\u1eadt ng\u1eeda, ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean nhau, hai ng\u00f3n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i nhau, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n, k\u00e9o s\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1eb1m ngay ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa.<\/p>\n K\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh th\u00e2n ngay th\u1eb3ng, chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p xoa b\u00f3p, kh\u00f4ng cho tay x\u00ea d\u1ecbch. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i gi\u1eef x\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng cho cong v\u1eb9o. K\u1ebf n\u1eefa l\u00e0 s\u1eeda c\u1ed5 cho ngay, \u0111\u1ea7u h\u01a1i c\u00fai, gi\u1eef ch\u00f3p m\u0169i ngay, th\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi r\u00fan, ch\u1eb3ng nghi\u00eang ch\u1eb3ng v\u1eb9o, kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng c\u00fai, n\u00e9t m\u1eb7t b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, th\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n K\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng mi\u1ec7ng th\u1edf h\u01a1i \u00f4 tr\u1ecdc ra, khi th\u1edf h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng cho h\u01a1i ra, \u0111\u1eebng m\u1ea1nh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eebng g\u1ea5p, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u00e8 nh\u1eb9. Khi h\u00edt v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong s\u1ea1ch kh\u1eafp trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u theo h\u01a1i th\u1edf m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng th\u1edf h\u01a1i ra s\u1ea1ch h\u1ebft. Th\u1edf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn ba l\u1ea7n, n\u1ebfu khi th\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, th\u00ec th\u1edf m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1edf xong ng\u1eadm mi\u1ec7ng l\u1ea1i, m\u00f4i v\u00e0 r\u0103ng v\u1eeba kh\u00edt nhau, l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ean v\u00f2m h\u1ecdng. T\u1eeb t\u1eeb nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft, v\u1eeba khu\u1ea5t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n Th\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i ngay th\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ch\u00e2n tay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n khi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e3n c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng g\u1ea5p, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a h\u01a1i th\u1edf khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n t\u01b0\u1edbng:<\/p>\n – T\u01b0\u1edbng phong<\/p>\n – T\u01b0\u1edbng suy\u1ec5n<\/p>\n – T\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00ed<\/p>\n – T\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee9c<\/p>\n Ba t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, t\u01b0\u1edbng sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phong? Khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o trong m\u0169i nghe c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phong.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Suy\u1ec5n? Khi ng\u1ed3i h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng, nh\u01b0ng ng\u0103n tr\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Suy\u1ec5n.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00ed? Khi ng\u1ed3i m\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n tr\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n – Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ee9c? Khi ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u0103n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4, ra v\u00e0o nh\u00e8 nh\u1eb9 nh\u01b0 c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t, tinh th\u1ea7n an \u1ed5n, th\u01b0 th\u00e1i, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu h\u01a1i th\u1edf Phong th\u00ec t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, d\u00f9ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf Suy\u1ec5n th\u00ec ng\u0103n tr\u1ec7, h\u01a1i th\u1edf Kh\u00ed th\u00ec nh\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1n, ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ee9c s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, khi ng\u1ed3i m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ba t\u01b0\u1edbng: phong, suy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 kh\u00ed, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, n\u1ebfu d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m th\u00ec d\u1ec5 sinh b\u1ec7nh, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 an \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i y theo ba ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n 1\/ Chuy\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng an t\u00e2m t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u00fan (huy\u1ec7t \u0111an \u0111i\u1ec1n).<\/p>\n 2\/ Bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n 3\/ T\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u1eafp l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi t\u1ebf th\u00ec h\u01a1i th\u1edf nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. H\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00ec c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng sinh, t\u00e2m d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u T\u1ee9c khi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, h\u01a1i th\u1edf nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 d\u00e0i l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m c\u00f3 ba c\u00e1ch: Nh\u1eadp, Tr\u1ee5, Xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n a) Nh\u1eadp<\/strong>: C\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a:<\/p>\n 1\/ \u0110i\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c lo\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng cho bu\u00f4ng lung.<\/p>\n 2\/ Ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng: Tr\u1ea7m, Ph\u00f9, Khoan, C\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7m?<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu khi ng\u1ed3i m\u00e0 t\u00e2m m\u1edd m\u1ecbt, kh\u00f4ng ghi nh\u1edb, \u0111\u1ea7u \u01b0a g\u1ee5c xu\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ea7m. Khi \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa t\u00e2m n\u01a1i ch\u00f3p m\u0169i, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m duy\u00ean n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh, kh\u00f4ng cho \u00fd ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh Tr\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00f9?<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu khi ng\u1ed3i, t\u00e2m \u01b0a ph\u00f3ng t\u00fang lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00e2n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean, nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u00f9. Khi \u1ea5y n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e2m t\u1ea1i r\u00fan, ng\u0103n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n ni\u1ec7m, t\u00e2m li\u1ec1n d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7m, kh\u00f4ng Ph\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: T\u00e2m \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Khoan, C\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: C\u0169ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n – T\u01b0\u1edbng C\u1ea5p l\u00e0 do trong khi ng\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng ni\u1ec7m nhi\u1ebfp t\u00e2m m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1ebf n\u00ean h\u01a1i x\u00f4ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean ng\u1ef1c, \u0111au nh\u00f3i, ph\u1ea3i bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3 t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0a h\u01a1i th\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng, b\u1ec7nh li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n – N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh Khoan th\u00ec t\u00e2m tr\u00ed b\u1ecb t\u1ea3n m\u00e1t, th\u00e2n \u01b0a xi\u00eau v\u1eb9o, ho\u1eb7c trong mi\u1ec7ng ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ebfng, ho\u1eb7c khi \u1ea5y t\u00e2m m\u1edd m\u1ecbt. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ph\u1ea3i th\u00fac li\u1ec5m th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean ni\u1ec7m, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 k\u1ec1m gi\u1eef nhau, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. T\u00e2m c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4 ph\u00f9 hay h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, c\u1ee9 x\u00e9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e2m khi m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n Khi m\u1edbi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u00f4 v\u00e0o t\u1ebf. Th\u00e2n l\u00e0 th\u00f4, H\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh, T\u00e2m l\u00e0 vi t\u1ebf, n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u1eeb th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebf khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an t\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n b) Tr\u1ee5<\/strong>: Trong khi ng\u1ed3i \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a c\u00f3 ba vi\u1ec7c: H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 trong th\u1eddi gian m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ng\u1ed3i, t\u00f9y th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i hay ng\u1eafn, d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m nhi\u1ebfp ni\u1ec7m. Trong \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9o bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a. N\u1ebfu khi ng\u1ed3i, tuy \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n xong, nh\u01b0ng th\u00e2n bu\u00f4ng th\u1ea3, ho\u1eb7c k\u1ec1m th\u00fac, ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00eang, cong, c\u00fai, ng\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ngay th\u1eb3ng, bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i li\u1ec1n s\u1eeda cho th\u1eb3ng khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u1ed5n. Kh\u00f4ng khoan, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 ngay th\u1eb3ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ee5 \u1edf m\u1ee9c trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, trong khi ng\u1ed3i, th\u00e2n tuy \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, m\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a. T\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01a1i th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, ho\u1eb7c Phong, ho\u1eb7c Suy\u1ec5n, ho\u1eb7c Kh\u00ed, ho\u1eb7c trong th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7y h\u01a1i. Ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f9y b\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 tr\u1ecb, khi\u1ebfn h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u00eam nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 d\u00e0i, nh\u01b0 c\u00f3, nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ed3i thi\u1ec1n, th\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf tuy \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a m\u00e0 t\u00e2m b\u1ecb Ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c Tr\u1ea7m, ho\u1eb7c Khoan, ho\u1eb7c C\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng an \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd n\u00ean d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eeba ch\u1eebng.<\/p>\n Ba vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau, ch\u1ec9 t\u00f9y c\u00e1i n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00ec ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, khi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian ng\u1ed3i, th\u00e2n, t\u00e2m, h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1i nhau, dung h\u00f2a kh\u00f4ng hai. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng sinh, ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u.<\/p>\n c) Xu\u1ea5t<\/strong>: Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n s\u1eafp xong, mu\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e2m duy\u00ean v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c, t\u1ee5ng b\u00e0i h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb m\u1edf mi\u1ec7ng cho h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u0103m m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u trong th\u00e2n theo \u00fd v\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf l\u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n ra ngo\u00e0i, t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o b\u1ec7nh ho\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea9y ra ngo\u00e0i h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed9ng vai, b\u1eafp tay v\u00e0 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ebfn tay, \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u1ed5, k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9ng hai ch\u00e2n, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng tay xoa kh\u1eafp l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng, ch\u00e0 x\u00e1t hai b\u00e0n tay cho \u1ea5m, \u00e1p nh\u1eb9 l\u00ean hai m\u1eaft, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi m\u1edf m\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ee3i h\u01a1i n\u00f3ng trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi tan h\u1ebft m\u1edbi t\u00f9y \u00fd ra \u0111i.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, khi ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m, khi xu\u1ea5t, bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3 mau qu\u00e1, th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n vi t\u1ebf ch\u01b0a tan, tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i trong th\u00e2n khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u, tr\u0103m l\u00f3ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1edd nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng phong lao, sau n\u00e0y khi t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n b\u1ee9t r\u1ee9t kh\u00f4ng an. Th\u1ebf n\u00ean khi m\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ed7i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u \u00fd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00e2n, h\u01a1i th\u1edf v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, t\u1eeb t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00f4, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00e9o Nh\u1eadp, Tr\u1ee5, Xu\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n Ti\u1ebfn d\u1eebng c\u00f3 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1,<\/p>\n Th\u00f4 t\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng tr\u00e1i nhau,<\/p>\n V\u00ed nh\u01b0 kh\u00e9o t\u1eadp ng\u1ef1a,<\/p>\n T\u00f9y \u00fd mu\u1ed1n d\u1eebng \u0111i.<\/p>\n I- D\u1ee5c<\/p>\n II- Tinh t\u1ea5n<\/p>\n III- Ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n IV- X\u1ea3o tu\u1ec7<\/p>\n V- Nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi tu thi\u1ec1n, t\u1eeb trong \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t ra, mong mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00ed, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec7n, l\u00e0 \u01afa, l\u00e0 Th\u00edch. V\u00ec n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ch\u00ed nguy\u1ec7n \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: T\u00e2m hy v\u1ecdng sinh kh\u1edfi, \u0111\u1ed1i trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, v\u00ec sao l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: D\u1ee5c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n \u01b0a th\u00edch mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u ch\u00ed l\u1edbn, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i trong l\u00fac d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m l\u1ea1i kh\u1edfi ni\u1ec7m \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng mong c\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu kh\u1edfi mong mu\u1ed1n th\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f3ng l\u1eb7ng, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng l\u00f3ng l\u1eb7ng, th\u00ec ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9: Th\u00e2n tinh t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tinh t\u1ea5n. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu 12 h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tinh t\u1ea5n. Nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i Ca Di\u1ebfp: \u201c\u1ede n\u01a1i a-lan-nh\u00e3, T\u1ef3-kheo xa l\u00eca hai th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eafm ch\u1ea5p th\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m, thanh t\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0\u201d. H\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0 g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 12 vi\u1ec7c:<\/p>\n 1\/ \u1ede n\u01a1i a-lan-nh\u00e3, xa l\u00eca x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac.<\/p>\n 2\/ Th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1nh kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n 3\/ Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c, (kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o).<\/p>\n 4\/ Th\u1ecd nh\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c ph\u00e1p (ng\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0103n m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa).<\/p>\n 5\/ Ti\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c (ti\u1ebft ch\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n).<\/p>\n 6\/ Sau gi\u1edd ng\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n 7\/ M\u1eb7c y c\u0169 r\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n 8\/ Ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba y.<\/p>\n 9\/ \u1ede g\u00f2 m\u00e3 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ecba.<\/p>\n 10\/ \u1ede g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y.<\/p>\n 11\/ \u1ede n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n 12\/ Ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m.<\/p>\n M\u01b0\u1eddi hai h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0 n\u00e0y, trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea7u \u0110\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n \u201c\u0110\u1ea7u-\u0111\u00e0\u201d c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea9u-t\u1ea9u, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m d\u1ee9t b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu khi tu thi\u1ec1n, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f3ng d\u1eadt, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m tinh t\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng Th\u00e1nh qu\u1ea3 tam th\u1eeba, hu\u1ed1ng g\u00ec c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian. L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec gi\u1eef gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt, x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf Ng\u0169 c\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00f4m v\u00e0 khuya, tinh chuy\u00ean kh\u00f4ng b\u00ea tr\u1ec5, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9o l\u1eeda, n\u1ebfu l\u1eeda ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9, \u1ea5y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p Tinh t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y ng\u00e0i A Nan: \u201cCh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt chuy\u00ean nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m tinh t\u1ea5n, n\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1, hu\u1ed1ng g\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c\u201d.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 trong Lu\u1eadn Ma Ha Di\u1ec5n n\u00f3i: \u201cQu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p h\u00e8n, nh\u1edb ngh\u0129 S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd\u201d. Ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi \u201cL\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n\u201d, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 danh t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n L\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n: l\u00e0 6 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u1eeb T\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n ba th\u1ee9: Kh\u1ed5, Th\u00f4, Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i, th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng \u01b0a th\u00edch ba th\u1ee9: Th\u1eafng, Di\u1ec7u, Xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n r\u1ea5t t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd.<\/p>\n * GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH L\u1ee4C H\u00c0NH QU\u00c1N<\/strong><\/p>\n Chia l\u00e0m hai \u00fd:<\/p>\n 1. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Qu\u1ea3 trong L\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Nh\u00e2n trong L\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n<\/p>\n 1. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Qu\u1ea3 trong L\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n<\/strong><\/p>\n a)<\/strong> Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi: Nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n ba th\u1ee9: Kh\u1ed5, Th\u00f4, Ch\u01b0\u1edbng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n th\u00e2n, t\u00e2m d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi th\u00f4 n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 tai h\u1ecda.<\/p>\n – Kh\u1ed5: H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 suy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cHi\u1ec7n nay b\u00e1o th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y b\u1ecb c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3i kh\u00e1t, n\u00f3ng, l\u1ea1nh, b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, \u0111ao binh v.v… b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5\u201d.<\/p>\n – Th\u00f4: l\u00e0 th\u00e2n n\u00e0y do 36 v\u1eadt b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0: ph\u00e2n, n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ec3u, m\u00e1u m\u1ee7 v.v\u2026 h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00f4. Th\u00f4 l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u x\u00ed.<\/p>\n – Ch\u01b0\u1edbng: l\u00e0 s\u1eafc ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n n\u00e0y ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb n\u00fai s\u00f4ng, v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n b)<\/strong> Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eafng, Di\u1ec7u, Xu\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n – Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eafng: H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cBi\u1ebft c\u00e1i vui c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, c\u00e1i vui c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 kh\u1ed5. C\u00e1i vui c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u00f9 th\u1eafng vi di\u1ec7u, cho n\u00ean khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vui s\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00ec \u01b0a th\u00edch h\u01a1n kh\u1ed5\u201d, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n – Di\u1ec7u: th\u1ecd h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafc th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng trong g\u01b0\u01a1ng, tuy c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1i, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t: khi ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u0169 th\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y th\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 b\u1ecb ng\u0103n ch\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, d\u00f9 v\u00e1ch n\u00fai c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Nh\u00e2n trong L\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n<\/strong><\/p>\n a)<\/strong> Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9: Kh\u1ed5, Th\u00f4, Ch\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – Kh\u1ed5: H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0 duy: \u201cN\u1ebfu \u1edf trong B\u00e1o th\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m, duy\u00ean theo tham d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xa l\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Nh\u01b0 trong kinh ghi: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u1edb c\u1ee7a \u00e1i\u201d, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n – Th\u00f4: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e2m duy\u00ean theo n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00f4.<\/p>\n – Ch\u01b0\u1edbng: do phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o che \u0111\u1eady, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n b)<\/strong> Nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u01b0a th\u00edch<\/p>\n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eafng, Di\u1ec7u, Xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a S\u1eafc gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n – Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eafng: H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cC\u00e1i vui c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 th\u00f9 th\u1eafng, v\u00ec ni\u1ec1m vui n\u00e0y t\u1eeb trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m khai ph\u00e1t\u201d, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eafng. So v\u1edbi c\u00e1i vui tham d\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb n\u0103m tr\u1ea7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o o\u00e1n k\u1ebft, l\u00e0 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m ch\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n – Di\u1ec7u: do ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi an vui c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00e2m an \u1ed5n kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7u. C\u00e1i kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c tham d\u1ee5c khi\u1ebfn n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00f4.<\/p>\n – Xu\u1ea5t: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Xu\u1ea5t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1 ng\u1ea7m, n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb trong k\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt ra.<\/p>\n Nay l\u1ea5y L\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Ni\u1ec7m, h\u00e0m \u00fd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y trong \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Nay n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p L\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong Tam gi\u1edbi, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1edf h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu theo h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt th\u00ec d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p B\u00e1t th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, tu 16 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 xa l\u00eca Ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i g\u00ec? \u1ede trong ph\u1ea7n thuy\u1ebft minh v\u1ec1 Thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 so l\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi an l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ea5t, khinh, tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Nay chia ra hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n 1. So l\u01b0\u1eddng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh.<\/p>\n 2. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ea5t: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c trong D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t, c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi an l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p an l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi an l\u1ea1c S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n – D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1eadt, n\u00ean sinh kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eafc.<\/p>\n – S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n n\u00e0y r\u1ed7ng rang v\u00e0 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd an l\u1ea1c r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3, nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Khinh, Tr\u1ecdng: ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c l\u00e0 khinh, S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao g\u1ecdi D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 khinh? V\u00ec n\u0103m th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi th\u00ec nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5t, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Khinh.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao g\u1ecdi S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng? V\u00ec c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi an l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n c\u00f9ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u01b0ng, d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5 l\u00e2u n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh duy\u00ean, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u1ecdng. Tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng, qu\u00fd b\u00e1u.<\/p>\n C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng, S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 khinh. V\u00ec kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi c\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, n\u00ean n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u1ecdng. C\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi an l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Khinh.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 X\u1ea3o tu\u1ec7 r\u1eb1ng: \u201cKhi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 m\u1edbi t\u1eadp tu thi\u1ec1n, ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i, kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t \u0111i s\u1ef1 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, s\u1ebd mau ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 X\u1ea3o tu\u1ec7\u201d.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e9o d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p X\u1ea3o tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh, kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng cho sai l\u1ea7m, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m tu h\u00e0nh, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng hay b\u00edt, sau m\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00ean n\u00f3i \u201cCh\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tu thi\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ec1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y v\u1eady.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 6: <\/strong><\/p>\n (1) Y\u1ebft-ma (T\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p): c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i, ki\u1ebft gi\u1edbi, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho T\u00e1c ph\u00e1p sinh thi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7t \u00e1c. L\u00fac th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, nh\u1edd y\u1ebft-ma m\u00e0 gi\u1edbi t\u1eed th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n (2) B\u00e1t k\u1ec9nh ph\u00e1p: 8 ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 T\u1ef3-kheo ni ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng T\u1ef3-kheo t\u0103ng:<\/p>\n 1\/ T\u1ef3-kheo ni d\u1ea7u 100 tu\u1ed5i h\u1ea1, nh\u01b0ng khi th\u1ea5y v\u1ecb T\u1ef3-kheo m\u1edbi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n, l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i t\u00f2a s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd m\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n 2\/ T\u1ef3-kheo ni kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ea bai m\u1eafng nhi\u1ebfc T\u1ef3-kheo.<\/p>\n 3\/ T\u1ef3-kheo ni kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed t\u1ed9i, n\u00f3i l\u1ed7i c\u1ee7a T\u1ef3-kheo, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i T\u1ef3-kheo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n n\u00f3i l\u1ed7i T\u1ef3-kheo ni.<\/p>\n 4\/ Th\u1ee9c-xoa-ma-na (h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1p n\u1eef) h\u1ecdc gi\u1edbi xong \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 n\u00ean theo ch\u00fang T\u0103ng c\u1ea7u th\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n 5\/ T\u1ef3-kheo ni m\u00e0 ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i t\u0103ng-t\u00e0n th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i trong n\u1eeda th\u00e1ng \u1edf trong hai b\u1ed9 T\u0103ng h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p Ma-na-\u0111\u1ecfa.<\/p>\n 6\/ T\u1ef3-kheo ni n\u00ean m\u1ed7i n\u1eeda th\u00e1ng theo T\u1ef3-kheo c\u1ea7u th\u1ecd h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n 7\/ T\u1ef3-kheo ni kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an c\u01b0 n\u01a1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 T\u1ef3-kheo.<\/p>\n 8\/ T\u1ef3-kheo ni An c\u01b0 ki\u1ebft h\u1ea1 xong, n\u00ean \u1edf trong ch\u00fang T\u1ef3-kheo c\u1ea7u xin ba vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 T\u1ef1 T\u1ee9 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n (3) C\u1ee5 t\u00fac gi\u1edbi (\u0110\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi): gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 T\u1ef3-kheo, T\u1ef3-kheo ni ph\u1ea3i th\u1ecd tr\u00ec. Theo gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1p quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi C\u1ee5 t\u00fac th\u00ec ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t T\u1ef3-kheo, T\u1ef3-kheo ni.<\/p>\n Gi\u1edbi T\u1ef3-kheo c\u00f3 250 gi\u1edbi, T\u1ef3-kheo ni c\u00f3 348 gi\u1edbi. Lu\u1eadt t\u1ee9 ph\u1ea7n ghi, gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0m 8 lo\u1ea1i: Ba-la-di: T\u1ef3-kheo 4; T\u1ef3-kheo ni 8. T\u0103ng-t\u00e0n: T\u1ef3-kheo 13; T\u1ef3-kheo ni 17. B\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh: T\u1ef3-kheo 2. X\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecda: T\u1ef3-kheo 30; T\u1ef3-kheo ni 30. \u0110\u01a1n \u0111\u1ecda: T\u1ef3-kheo 90; T\u1ef3-kheo ni 178. H\u1ed1i qu\u00e1: T\u1ef3-kheo 4; T\u1ef3-kheo ni<\/p>\n 8. Ch\u00fang h\u1ecdc: T\u1ef3-kheo 100; T\u1ef3-kheo ni 100. Di\u1ec7t tr\u00e1nh: T\u1ef3-kheo 7; T\u1ef3-kheo ni 7.<\/p>\n Ngo\u00e0i ra, v\u1ec1 gi\u1edbi C\u1ee5 t\u00fac, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 Lu\u1eadt Th\u1eadp T\u1ee5ng, Lu\u1eadt Ng\u0169 Ph\u1ea7n, Thi\u1ec7n Ki\u1ebfn Lu\u1eadt T\u1ef3-b\u00e0-sa, Gi\u1edbi b\u1ea3n Paly, Gi\u1edbi b\u1ea3n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ghi ch\u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau. Khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y, t\u00e1c ph\u00e1p th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n: tam s\u01b0 th\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9ng, b\u1ea1ch t\u1ee9 y\u1ebft-ma. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi C\u1ee5 t\u00fac kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea1m 13 n\u1ea1n v\u00e0 10 gi\u00e0. C\u1ee5 t\u00fac ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n: t\u1eeb trong gi\u1edbi C\u1ee5 t\u00fac t\u00f9y theo c\u0103n c\u01a1 r\u00fat ra 5 gi\u1edbi, 8 gi\u1edbi v.v\u2026 theo th\u1ee9 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n \u1ede Trung qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi T\u00f9y, \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 sau t\u0103ng ni \u0111\u1ec1u y theo Lu\u1eadt T\u1ee9 Ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi C\u1ee5 t\u00fac, t\u0103ng ni c\u00f2n th\u1ecd th\u00eam gi\u1edbi B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t g\u1ed3m 10 gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 48 gi\u1edbi khinh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi c\u1ee5 t\u00fac n\u00e0y, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, c\u00e1c c\u0103n \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u1eadt nh\u01b0 \u0111ui, \u0111i\u1ebfc v.v\u2026 th\u00e2n t\u00e2m ph\u1ea3i thanh t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0: bi\u00ean t\u1ed9i, ph\u1ea1m T\u1ef3-kheo ni, t\u1eb7c tr\u1ee5 v.v\u2026 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea1o b\u1ecf r\u00e2u t\u00f3c, m\u1eb7c \u00e1o c\u00e0-sa, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi Sa-di ho\u1eb7c (Sa-di ni) \u0111\u1ee7 20 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 70 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n Gi\u1edbi C\u1ee5 t\u00fac c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau b\u00e0y c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi lu\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu, gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 xa l\u00eca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed9i \u00e1c, tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9c tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, ph\u1ea3i si\u00eang n\u0103ng tu tr\u00ec trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh, gi\u1eef vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0nh b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c.<\/p>\n (3) B\u1ea3y ch\u00fang: 7 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed xu\u1ea5t gia v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i gia, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u00edch T\u00f4n: T\u1ef3-kheo, T\u1ef3 kheo ni, Sa di, Sa di ni, Th\u1ee9c xoa ma na, \u01afu-b\u00e0-t\u1eafc, \u01afu-b\u00e0-di.<\/p>\n (4) T\u00e1c ph\u00e1p s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb3ng: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh th\u00e2n l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i cung k\u00ednh, mi\u1ec7ng x\u01b0ng ni\u1ec7m t\u00e1n t\u1ee5ng, t\u00e2m \u00fd qu\u00e1n t\u01b0\u1edfng di\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, ba nghi\u1ec7p si\u00eang n\u0103ng, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u theo ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc m\u00e0 s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n (5) Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, Nh\u1eabn: b\u1eadc Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o do qu\u00e1n T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u1eabn v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, tr\u00ed v\u00f4 l\u1eadu; Nh\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Tr\u00ed, Tr\u00ed l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eabn Kh\u1ed5: l\u00e0 1 trong 8 Nh\u1eabn; 4 nh\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea5n ch\u1ee9ng cho 4 \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i D\u1ee5c, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 4 ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn: Kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn, T\u1eadp ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn, Di\u1ec7t ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o ph\u00e1p nh\u1eabn; 4 Nh\u1eabn sau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea5n ch\u1ee9ng 4 \u0111\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00f5i s\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u00f5i v\u00f4 s\u1eafc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 4 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eabn: Kh\u1ed5 lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eabn, T\u1eadp lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eabn, Di\u1ec7t lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eabn, \u0110\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eabn. Do 4 th\u1ee9 nh\u1eabn n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a ba c\u00f5i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n (6) Thi\u1ec1n Kinh (T\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i)<\/p>\n (7) B\u00e1n-gi\u00e0: c\u00e1ch ng\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n g\u00e1c l\u00ean b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n kia c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch: 1\/ C\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00e1n gi\u00e0 t\u1ecda: l\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i. 2\/ H\u00e0ng ma b\u00e1n gi\u00e0 t\u1ecda: l\u1ea5y ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i. \u0110\u1eddi sau khi kh\u1eafc v\u1ebd h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eef, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u v\u1ebd theo t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i b\u00e1n gi\u00e0.<\/p>\n (8) Ki\u1ebft-gi\u00e0 (Ki\u1ebft gi\u00e0 phu t\u1ecda, Li\u00ean hoa t\u1ecda): \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a Nh\u01b0 lai khi th\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh gi\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ed9i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 2 lo\u1ea1i: 1\/ H\u00e0ng ma t\u1ecda: tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i tr\u00e1i, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i l\u00ean \u0111\u00f9i ph\u1ea3i, hai l\u00f2ng b\u00e0n ch\u00e2n ng\u1eeda ra, tay tr\u00e1i n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean tay ph\u1ea3i. 2\/ C\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ecda: t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi H\u00e0ng ma t\u1ecda.<\/p>\n ***<\/p>\n (C\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 N\u1ed9i Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Ti\u1ec7n. Ph\u1ea7n M\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft minh Nh\u00e2n tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9, n\u1ed9i ngo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1t. Trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec1n thu\u1ed9c s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t. N\u00eau l\u00ean Nh\u00e2n tu t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u00f3 c\u0103n t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng, cho n\u00ean khi ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau, n\u1ebfu lu\u1eadn sau khi S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n khai ph\u00e1t th\u00ec c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh thu\u1ed9c s\u1ef1 l\u00fd th\u00e2m s\u00e2u vi di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i trong ph\u1ea7n tu ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng.)<\/em><\/p>\n N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chia l\u00e0m n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n *1 Thuy\u1ebft minh Ch\u1ec9 m\u00f4n<\/p>\n *2 Nghi\u1ec7m c\u0103n t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c<\/p>\n *3 Ph\u00e1p an t\u00e2m<\/p>\n *4 Ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh<\/p>\n *5 Bi\u1ebft ma s\u1ef1<\/p>\n C\u1ea3 n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, nh\u00e2n v\u00ec khi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t t\u00e2m tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ni\u1ec7m vi t\u1ebf, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng n\u0103m ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea3o n\u00e0y, th\u1ee7 x\u1ea3 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, v\u1ec1 sau m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadp thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n Nay \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi N\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, l\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh do k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t, n\u00ean trong kinh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i \u201cCh\u1ebf t\u00e2m nh\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 v\u1ea1n s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t bi\u1ec7n\u201d ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00fd t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y v\u1eady.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch trong n\u0103m ph\u00e1p Ngo\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m, v\u00ec sao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i n\u1eefa?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 lu\u1eadn chung v\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m, ch\u01b0a ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf, nay v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu h\u00e0nh bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1p an t\u00e2m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, n\u00ean m\u1edbi n\u00f3i r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e2u, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Trong kinh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 hai ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n cam l\u1ed3, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ban \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00ec sao \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i, \u1edf trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m chung c\u00e1c m\u00f4n, chung th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp ri\u00eang nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp chung, cho n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean d\u1ea1y tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9. N\u1ebfu sau khi tu Ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch chung. N\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch, ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, minh s\u01b0 c\u00f3 hai h\u1ea1ng:<\/p>\n 1. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1o nh\u00e3n (s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea1o) x\u00e9t bi\u1ebft c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n tu t\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0i X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t(1) n\u00f3i ph\u00e1p cho hai \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, do kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u0103n c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, n\u00ean Ng\u00e0i d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n tu ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 gi\u1eb7t y ph\u1ee5c th\u00ec d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p tu S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c. Do tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p tu n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u1edfi t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt d\u1ea1y chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n, c\u1ea3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n 2. V\u1ecb th\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Tha t\u00e2m tr\u00ed(2) ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e3n, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u0103n c\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn tham h\u1ecdc t\u1ecda thi\u1ec1n, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9, sau khi h\u1ecd tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9, t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c an \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c c\u0103n t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n hay \u00e1c li\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7n ra. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n n\u01a1i t\u00e2m an t\u0129nh m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y ph\u1ea3i xem ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecd tu t\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tu t\u1eadp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n sinh kh\u1edfi c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o tham, s\u00e2n, si v.v… L\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y xem x\u00e9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc t\u00f9y theo th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed9c n\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00e9o d\u1ea1y h\u1ecd ph\u00e1p tu \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb, sau khi ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec1n khai ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft minh v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd c\u1ee7a hai v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y trao d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p tu. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec c\u0103n duy\u00ean thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u0103n c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, trao sai ph\u00e1p tu, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p c\u0103n c\u01a1.<\/p>\n Chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n I- Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t Ch\u1ec9 m\u00f4n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n II- \u0110\u1ea1i \u00fd l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n III- Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n IV- T\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai \u00fd:<\/p>\n 1. Lu\u1eadn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n 2. Lu\u1eadn \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/p>\n 1. Lu\u1eadn th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, nay ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau ra ba ph\u00e1p:<\/p>\n a) H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n b) Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n c) Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n S\u1edf d\u0129 g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi Ch\u1ebf ch\u1ec9, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf d\u1eebng d\u1ee9t. K\u1ec1m h\u00e3m kh\u00f4ng cho t\u00e2m dong ru\u1ed7i, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ebf. Chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa t\u00e2m n\u01a1i m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c, d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n a) H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9: bu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m n\u01a1i ch\u00f3p m\u0169i, hay gi\u1eefa r\u1ed1n v.v\u2026 kh\u00f4ng cho t\u00e2m ch\u1ea1y rong,<\/p>\n b) Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9: n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi gi\u00e1c qu\u00e1n (v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng), li\u1ec1n ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng cho d\u1ea5y kh\u1edfi.<\/p>\n c) Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9: th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng, lo ngh\u0129.<\/p>\n 2. Lu\u1eadn \u00fd ngh\u0129a<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u0169ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, nay d\u1eabn ra ba \u00fd:<\/p>\n a) T\u00f9y duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9 b) Nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh Ch\u1ec9 c) Ch\u00e2n t\u00ednh Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n a) T\u00f9y duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9: khi t\u00f9y theo t\u00e2m kh\u1edfi, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 Tam-ma-\u0111\u1ec1 (\u0111\u1ecbnh). N\u00ean trong Kinh Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u1ecbnh trong Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba (t\u00e2m s\u1edf), g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eadc h\u1ea1\u201d.<\/p>\n b) Nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh Ch\u1ec9: khi ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, do ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ec gi\u1eef t\u00e2m n\u00ean t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n c) Ch\u00e2n t\u00ednh Ch\u1ec9: l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u00ednh, th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9. Kinh T\u01b0 \u00cdch n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang sinh, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Di\u1ec7t t\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d.<\/p>\n Nay d\u00f9ng ba \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ba ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 tr\u00ean:<\/p>\n – T\u00f9y theo nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean n\u00f3i H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n – T\u00f9y theo qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean n\u00f3i Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n – Do \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean n\u00f3i Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n 1. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ba ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ba ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n 3. T\u00f9y t\u00e2m tham mu\u1ed1n<\/p>\n 4. T\u00f9y c\u0103n c\u01a1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/p>\n 1. Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ba ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n Nh\u00e2n n\u01a1i th\u00f4 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u1ebf, th\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n. H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tu tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4 c\u1ea1n. Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9 r\u1ea5t vi t\u1ebf n\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u00e2u k\u00edn, vi t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n 2. Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ba ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n a) D\u00f9ng s\u00e2u ph\u00e1 c\u1ea1n<\/p>\n b) H\u1ed3i h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1<\/p>\n a) D\u00f9ng s\u00e2u ph\u00e1 c\u1ea1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y theo duy\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, n\u00ean th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9, v\u00ec t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc ph\u00e1p th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao \u0111em t\u00e2m bu\u1ed9c tr\u00ean ch\u00f3p m\u0169i hay d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ed1n? Do \u0111\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n t\u00e2m v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c duy\u00ean ch\u1ea1y theo ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ea3nh, k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m an \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7. Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9, v\u00ec t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf? Do hi\u1ec3u t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edfi v\u1ecdng ni\u1ec7m, d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, l\u00e0 do n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t sinh, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u1ec9. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 c\u1ea1n, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, n\u00ean l\u1eadp ra ba ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n b) H\u1ed3i h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Trong l\u00fac tu Ch\u1ec9, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec7m tri ki\u1ebfn ph\u00e1t sinh, li\u1ec1n d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n suy x\u00e9t k\u1ef9 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n 3. T\u00f9y t\u00e2m tham mu\u1ed1n<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch an t\u00e2m n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9, hay Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9. N\u00ean v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y t\u00f9y theo s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y, th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc hoan h\u1ef7 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh. N\u1ebfu tr\u00e1i s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00ec t\u00e2m h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng vui v\u1ebb th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n 4. T\u00f9y c\u0103n c\u01a1 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p<\/strong><\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y theo s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u1ebfu t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh, li\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i t\u00f9y theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n th\u00edch nghi m\u00e0 trao d\u1ea1y ph\u00e1p tu.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 ba \u00fd:<\/p>\n 1. Tu H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n 2. Tu Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n 3. Tu Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9<\/p>\n 1. Tu H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0110em t\u00e2m d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i n\u0103m \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m: Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u, gi\u1eefa ch\u1eb7ng m\u00e0y, ch\u00f3p m\u0169i, d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ed1n v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: To\u00e0n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m, v\u00ec sao ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i n\u0103m ch\u1ed7?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: N\u0103m \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n d\u1ee5ng t\u00e2m d\u1ec5 an \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n ch\u1ed7 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 hai b\u00ean s\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean l\u1ec7ch n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u1eddi, ch\u00e2n vu\u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t, r\u00fan l\u00e0 h\u01a1i kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3n, m\u0169i l\u00e0 c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a gi\u00f3, tr\u00e1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 tu qu\u00e1n x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng.<\/p>\n Nay tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m, ng\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u. N\u1ebfu tr\u1ee5 l\u00e2u \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ed3ng b\u1ec1nh nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh phong, ho\u1eb7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n bay l\u00ean, do hay ph\u00e1t sinh nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu \u0111em t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ean m\u00e9 t\u00f3c, ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y t\u00f3c \u0111en, th\u1ecbt tr\u1eafng, t\u00e2m d\u1ec5 an tr\u1ee5. Ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y th\u00ec b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t sinh, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1eaft c\u1ee9 nh\u00ecn l\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc xanh, v\u00e0ng, \u0111\u1ecf v.v… h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 hoa \u0111\u1ed1m, nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m sinh v\u1ecdng l\u1ef1 \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu bu\u1ed9c t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i ch\u00f3p m\u0169i, do m\u0169i l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a h\u01a1i th\u1edf, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 qu\u00e1n s\u00e1t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng, th\u00ec d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u0169ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tu ph\u00e1p S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m an \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1ed1n l\u00e0 huy\u1ec7t Kh\u00ed h\u1ea3i, c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Trung cung, tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ec7nh, ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y 36 v\u1eadt trong n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0: Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eafng v.v…<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t, h\u01a1i theo t\u00e2m xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean, do ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n D\u00f9ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0m duy\u00ean an tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p tu H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9, l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 kh\u1ec9 v\u01b0\u1ee3n leo c\u00e2y, nh\u1ea3y nh\u00f3t l\u0103ng x\u0103ng, n\u1ebfu x\u00edch n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, l\u00e2u d\u1ea7n n\u00f3 t\u1ef1 y\u00ean, ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u00e2m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00e2m v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5 n\u00e0y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0ng t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9. N\u1ebfu khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean r\u1ed7ng rang v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh Ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n 2. Tu Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00e2m v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh s\u1eafc, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0m sao tr\u1ee5 t\u00e2m n\u01a1i c\u1ea3nh? Ch\u1eb3ng qua ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng duy\u00ean l\u1ef1 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee9t t\u00e2m v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 tu Ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: T\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 khi Khoan, C\u1ea5p, Ph\u00f9, Tr\u1ea7m, v\u1eady ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a cho th\u00edch h\u1ee3p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: T\u00e2m tuy ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u00ean hay d\u01b0\u1edbi, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9, tr\u1ea7m, cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 l\u00ean tr\u00ean hay \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tu h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m ph\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u00fd an t\u00e2m tr\u1ee5 xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m h\u00f4n tr\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 l\u00ean tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu \u0111em t\u00e2m an tr\u1ee5 xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nay ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n T\u00e2m d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng sinh.<\/p>\n 3. Tu Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9<\/strong><\/p>\n D\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 qu\u00e1n chi\u1ebfu, th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 trong Tam gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, C\u1eedu th\u1eadp b\u00e1t s\u1eed(3) Tam \u0111\u1ed9c, \u1ea4m, Gi\u1edbi, Nh\u1eadp<\/p>\n v.v… t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng, l\u00e0 t\u1ecbch l\u1eb7ng. Nh\u01b0 trong Kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m ghi: \u201cT\u1ee9c s\u1eafc l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eafc di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1eafc v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1eafc, s\u1eafc t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng, l\u00eca s\u1eafc th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng, l\u00eca kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 s\u1eafc. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p: Th\u1ecd, T\u01b0\u1edfng, H\u00e0nh, Th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf\u201d.<\/p>\n V\u00ec c\u1edb sao? V\u00ec hi\u1ec7n nay th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p: \u1ea4m, Gi\u1edbi, Nh\u1eadp v.v… t\u1ef1 t\u00ednh ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3, th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n ng\u00e3, ch\u00fang sinh, th\u1ecd m\u1ea1ng v.v…<\/p>\n L\u00e0m sao bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng? Nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o l\u00e0m nh\u00e2n, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i th\u00e2n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9 l\u00e0m duy\u00ean, do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean h\u1ee3p th\u00ec c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o th\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp v.v… nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p g\u00ec m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e2m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft, l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp v.v… v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i?<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i t\u00e2m ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e2n khi kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p, nghi\u1ec7p t\u00f9y theo t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn; t\u00e2m chuy\u1ec3n di\u1ec7t n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i theo t\u00e2m m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n di\u1ec7t; n\u1ebfu nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n di\u1ec7t, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp v.v… N\u1ebfu nghi\u1ec7p chuy\u1ec3n di\u1ec7t, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u00ec sao nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn? N\u1ebfu nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, b\u00e1o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1n tr\u1ea3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i t\u00e2m qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 tuy \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft r\u1ed3i, m\u00e0 t\u00e2m k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sinh kh\u1edfi, cho n\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo t\u00e2m m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i nghi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 tuy di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft, nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ebf l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sinh kh\u1edfi, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u1eadt l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec c\u00f3 khi t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft m\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u00e1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sinh, nay c\u0169ng nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 di\u1ec7t m\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c sinh, nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng theo t\u00e2m, th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, l\u00eca t\u00e2m m\u00e0 th\u1ecd qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, th\u1eadt ra \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu vi, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i theo ba t\u01b0\u1edbng: sinh, tr\u1ee5, di\u1ec7t; n\u1ebfu r\u01a1i v\u00e0o ba t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u01b0\u1edbng sinh di\u1ec7t; n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 sinh di\u1ec7t th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i; qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec7t, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169 c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t, v\u1eady ai c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o n\u00e0y? Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t sinh nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi, m\u00e0 v\u00f4 vi t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p, l\u00e0m sao c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o?<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a Kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng sinh di\u1ec7t, \u0111\u00e2u th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7p? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, th\u00ec 3 Ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi(4) c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u00e0m sao n\u00f3i nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o? Do nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1u do nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf trong ph\u00e1t sinh? C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do t\u1eeb duy\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u00e1t sinh, n\u1ebfu t\u1eeb duy\u00ean \u1edf ngo\u00e0i ph\u00e1t sinh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, th\u00ec khi c\u00e1c \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp v.v… nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ee3i nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1eef th\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1edbi c\u00f3 sinh. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1t sinh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do duy\u00ean b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, n\u00ean c\u00f3 sinh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp v.v… N\u1ebfu trong nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 duy\u00ean m\u1ed7i th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sinh, khi h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1i sinh ra. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng sinh, khi h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh? N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i l\u00eca nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n T\u1eeb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh, c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hu\u1ed1ng g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh sao? N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean m\u00e0 c\u00f3 sinh, th\u00ec ngh\u0129a l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u1ecb ho\u1ea1i v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n \u1edf th\u1ebf gian, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u00e1c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o thi\u1ec7n. C\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n tu \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00e0m g\u00ec, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c th\u1ebf gian, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn v\u1eady.<\/p>\n N\u00ean bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p \u1ea5m, gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eadp, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n \u1edf trong m\u00e0 c\u00f3, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do duy\u00ean ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 c\u00f3, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng do nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 c\u00f3, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 c\u00f3.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng C\u00f3 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu trong ch\u1ed7 Kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p th\u1eadt C\u00f3, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 minh \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o, v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p l\u00e0 c\u00f3. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p ch\u1ea5p sai l\u1ea7m \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u01b0 d\u1ed1i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9ng huy\u1ec5n, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 danh t\u1ef1 su\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p danh t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u00ec ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ee9t b\u1eb7t, t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft. R\u1ed1t r\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p r\u1ed7ng rang nh\u01b0 h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00e1, b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p, n\u1ebfu t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3, kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o, nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ea3 sinh t\u1eed th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eebng d\u1ee9t. V\u00f4 vi, v\u00f4 d\u1ee5c, v\u00f4 ni\u1ec7m, v\u00f4 h\u00e0nh, ch\u1eb3ng t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea1nh tranh, th\u1ecb phi, r\u1ed7ng rang thanh t\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1eebng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed7 d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 d\u1ee9t b\u1eb7t, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n ch\u1ec9. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 trong kinh<\/p>\n Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p<\/p>\n Nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean sinh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7,<\/p>\n D\u1ee9t ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1t ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n N\u00ean hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Sa-m\u00f4n.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai ki\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y cho r\u1eb1ng: Tu Ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 s\u1edf ch\u1ee9ng, c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c. \u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cGi\u1ea3i th\u00edch thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t\u201d, s\u1ebd n\u00f3i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i: Ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ng\u0169 Lu\u00e2n thi\u1ec1n. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec c\u00e1c ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p tu t\u1eadp ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 an t\u00e2m, v\u1ec1 sau m\u1edbi th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 khai ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e1p tu Ch\u1ec9 n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, th\u00ec Ng\u0169 lu\u00e2n thi\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khai ph\u00e1t. V\u00ed nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc trong l\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u00f3ng, th\u00ec mu\u00f4n c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5, tu Ch\u1ec9 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Nay gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch do tu Ch\u1ec9, ch\u1ee9ng Ng\u0169 lu\u00e2n thi\u1ec1n. Ng\u0169 lu\u00e2n g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: \u0110\u1ecba lu\u00e2n, Th\u1ee7y lu\u00e2n, Phong lu\u00e2n, Kim sa lu\u00e2n, Kim cang lu\u00e2n. N\u0103m ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng th\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean, g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 lu\u00e2n. Lu\u00e2n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe n\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed7 kia, trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ch\u1eef Lu\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n T\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecba lu\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 do l\u00eca t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, tu t\u1eeb b\u1eadc th\u1ea5p l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi cao h\u01a1n, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Lu\u00e2n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5p chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng t\u1ed9t v\u1eady.<\/p>\n 1. \u0110\u1ecba lu\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0110\u1ecba (\u0111\u1ea5t) c\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a: Tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n sinh mu\u00f4n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 do tu Ch\u1ec9 m\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecbnh V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m l\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft th\u00e2n t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecbnh. Do s\u1ee9c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ec gi\u1eef t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng dao \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec. Nh\u00e2n n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbnh V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea5t sinh ra mu\u00f4n v\u1eadt v\u1eady.<\/p>\n 2. Th\u1ee7y lu\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n Th\u1ee7y (n\u01b0\u1edbc) c\u00f3 hai ngh\u0129a: T\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea9m mu\u00f4n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh nhu nhuy\u1ebfn, m\u1ec1m m\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ecba lu\u00e2n, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng Th\u1ee7y lu\u00e2n tam-mu\u1ed9i, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t. Do n\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea9m cho ru\u1ed9ng t\u00e2m, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n trong n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a t\u01b0\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eady.<\/p>\n Do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, n\u00ean th\u00e2n t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng, h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t t\u00e2m ng\u00e3 m\u1ea1n, t\u00f9y thu\u1eadn theo ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nhu nhuy\u1ebfn, th\u1ea5m \u01b0\u1edbt, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7y lu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n 3. Phong lu\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n Phong (gi\u00f3) c\u00f3 ba ngh\u0129a: D\u1ea1o trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng mu\u00f4n v\u1eadt.<\/p>\n Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 khai ph\u00e1t Phong lu\u00e2n tam-mu\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e2n n\u01a1i thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i, v\u00ed nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 bay trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng: Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ph\u00e1t nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n Ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i: Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c tri ki\u1ebfn, phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng Nh\u1ecb th\u1eeba ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Phong lu\u00e2n tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.(5) N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ch\u1ee9ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp Thi\u1ebft lu\u00e2n th\u1eadp t\u00edn, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Phong lu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n 4. Kim sa lu\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n \u201cKim\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00e0ng, d\u1ee5 cho tr\u00ed ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, \u201cSa\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1t, d\u1ee5 cho t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 khai tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u1ea5y bi\u1ebft ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tam qu\u1ea3 (qu\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 l\u01b0u, qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t lai, qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t ho\u00e0n). N\u1ebfu h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t ch\u1ee9ng Tam-mu\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb Tam hi\u1ec1n(6) Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba(7) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb Tr\u1ea7n sa phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o(8). \u0110\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kim sa lu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n 5. Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn (C\u1eedu V\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o) (9) g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng tam-mu\u1ed9i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee9ng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t s\u1eafc b\u00e9n, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt. S\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng lu\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o h\u01b0 v\u1ecdng x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb c\u00e1c ki\u1ebft s\u1eed phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u qu\u1ea3 A-la-h\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1t-nh\u00e3, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb v\u00f4 minh vi t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9ng Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ch\u1ee7ng tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ecbnh Kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thanh t\u1ecbnh thi\u1ec1n. B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t n\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, n\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i B\u1ed3-\u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a ch\u1eef Lu\u00e2n, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 b\u00e1nh xe, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00e2u k\u00e9o, b\u00e1nh xe kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 l\u0103n, thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ng\u0169 lu\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Tuy n\u01a1i m\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c vi di\u1ec7u, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p tu Th\u1ec3 Ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hu\u00e2n tu t\u00e2m bu\u00f4ng x\u1ea3, th\u00ec m\u1ed7i t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u1eef Lu\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e9o tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 ch\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Th\u1ec3 Ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tu t\u1eeb s\u01a1 t\u00e2m cho \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3 Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n th\u00ec d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef Lu\u00e2n m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang \u00fd ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n Trong Kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u00fang sinh m\u1ed7i ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00ednh m\u1eafc, n\u00ean c\u1ea7n d\u1eabn d\u1eaft h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t\u201d. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e9o tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9, th\u00ec c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 Th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a tam th\u1eeba.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: <\/strong><\/p>\n (1) X\u00e1 L\u1ee3i Ph\u1ea5t: Tr\u00ed Tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 1 trong 10 \u0110\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt<\/p>\n (2) Tha t\u00e2m tr\u00ed (Tha t\u00e2m th\u00f4ng): n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng sai bi\u1ec7t trong t\u00e2m ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0 1 trong 10 tr\u00ed, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 1 trong L\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n (3) C\u1eedu th\u1eadp b\u00e1t s\u1eed (C\u1eedu th\u1eadp b\u00e1t t\u00f9y mi\u00ean): t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 98 lo\u1ea1i t\u00f9y mi\u00ean, Ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 (88 t\u00f9y mi\u00ean) v\u00e0 T\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 (10 t\u00f9y mi\u00ean) trong 3 c\u00f5i do T\u00f4ng C\u00e2u X\u00e1 l\u1eadp. T\u00f9y mi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. V\u00ec phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o th\u01b0\u1eddng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u00f9y, th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 vi t\u1ebf s\u00e2u k\u00edn kh\u00f3 bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh ng\u1ee7 n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mi\u00ean. S\u1edf d\u0129 c\u00f3 98 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p 10 t\u00f9y mi\u00ean: [tham, s\u00e2n, si, m\u1ea1n, nghi, th\u00e2n, bi\u00ean, t\u00e0, th\u1ee7, gi\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi 5 b\u1ed9 (Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf, t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebf, di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 tu \u0111\u1ea1o) trong 3 c\u00f5i] C\u00f5i d\u1ee5c, \u201cki\u1ebfn kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n\u201d c\u00f3 10 th\u1ee9; \u201cki\u1ebfn t\u1eadp s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n\u201d c\u00f3 7 th\u1ee9; \u201cki\u1ebfn di\u1ec7t s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n\u201d c\u00f3 7 th\u1ee9; \u201cki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n\u201d c\u00f3 8 th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 4 th\u1ee9 \u201cTu ho\u1eb7c s\u1edf \u0111o\u1ea1n\u201d, c\u1ed9ng chung l\u00e0 36 th\u1ee9. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f5i S\u1eafc v\u00e0 V\u00f4 s\u1eafc trong 5 b\u1ed9, m\u1ed7i c\u00f5i c\u00f3 31 th\u1ee9 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 98 th\u1ee9.<\/p>\n (4) Ba ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi (Tam v\u00f4 vi): ba ph\u00e1p v\u00f4 vi y c\u1ee9 theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft Nh\u1ea5t Thi\u1ebft H\u1eefu B\u1ed9.<\/p>\n 1\/ H\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00f4 vi: h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ee9c v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00fd ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i l\u00e0m t\u00ednh, dung ch\u1ee9a v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 tr\u00f9m kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n 2\/ Tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi: h\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed ph\u00e2n t\u00edch xa l\u00eca s\u1ef1 tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ebfn, T\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c, ch\u1ee9ng l\u00fd t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n 3\/ Phi tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t v\u00f4 vi: h\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n sau khi ch\u1ee9ng qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c \u201cHo\u1eb7c\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1edfi n\u1eefa, t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean kh\u1ebf ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd t\u1ecbch di\u1ec7t ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edd tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n (5) T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 V\u00f4 l\u1eadu: T\u1ef3 B\u00e0 Sa 5 c\u00f3 n\u00f3i Th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, v\u00ec Th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t h\u1eefu l\u1eadu, th\u00fa h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00f4 l\u1eadu.<\/p>\n (6) Tam hi\u1ec1n: 3 giai v\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0ng ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a. Tam hi\u1ec1n c\u00f3 Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n a) Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba tam hi\u1ec1n v\u1ecb: giai v\u1ecb tu c\u00e1c thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n H\u1eefu l\u1eadu, c\u00f3 3 giai v\u1ecb:<\/p>\n 1\/ Ng\u0169 \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n: qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee9t n\u0103m m\u00f3n: tham, s\u00e2n v.v\u2026<\/p>\n 2\/ Bi\u1ec7t t\u01b0\u1edbng ni\u1ec7m tr\u1ee5: qu\u00e1n t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng: th\u00e2n th\u1ecd t\u00e2m; c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng: v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng, v\u00f4 ng\u00e3.<\/p>\n 3\/ T\u1ed5ng t\u01b0\u1edbng ni\u1ec7m tr\u1ee5 v\u1ecb: giai v\u1ecb qu\u00e1n chung c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ba giai v\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eadp Ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n b) \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba Tam hi\u1ec1n v\u1ecb: giai v\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t, c\u00f3 3 l\u1edbp:<\/p>\n 1\/ Th\u1eadp tr\u1ee5: t\u00e2m h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd, an tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n 2\/ Th\u1eadp h\u1ea1nh: th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh 10 h\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n 3\/ Th\u1eadp h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng: h\u1ed3i nh\u00e2n h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u1ea3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u1edbng, c\u00f3 10 th\u1ee9.<\/p>\n (7) Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba: m\u01b0\u1eddi giai v\u1ecb trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed Ph\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ecba ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 x\u1ee9, tr\u1ee5 tr\u00ec, sinh th\u00e0nh. T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 an tr\u1ee5 n\u01a1i giai v\u1ecb \u1ea5y v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m nh\u00e0, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1eef g\u00ecn ph\u00e1p, tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u00e1p, khi\u1ebfn cho sinh qu\u1ea3. Danh t\u1eeb Th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba m\u00e0 c\u00e1c kinh lu\u1eadn n\u00eau g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 4 lo\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n 1\/ Tam Th\u1eeba C\u1ed9ng Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba, hay C\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ecba, T\u00f4ng Thi\u00ean Thai g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o Th\u1eadp \u0110\u1ecba: t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 10 \u0111\u1ecba chung cho c\u1ea3 3 th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi trong kinh \u0110\u1ea1i Ph\u1ea9m B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3.<\/p>\n 2\/ M\u01b0\u1eddi giai v\u1ecb B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i trong Kinh Hoa Nghi\u00eam 23 (c\u1ef1u d\u1ecbch) 34 (b\u1ea3n t\u00e2n d\u1ecbch).<\/p>\n 3\/ M\u01b0\u1eddi giai v\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n.<\/p>\n 4\/ B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba, Duy\u00ean gi\u00e1c th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba, Chi Ph\u1eadt th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba, \u0110\u1ed9c gi\u00e1c th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 10 giai v\u1ecb tu h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt.<\/p>\n (8) Tr\u1ea7n sa phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o (Tr\u1ea7n sa ho\u1eb7c): \u201cTr\u1ea7n sa\u201d: c\u00e1t b\u1ee5i, d\u1ee5 cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. \u201cHo\u1eb7c\u201d l\u00e0 phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, ho\u1eb7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp trong ngo\u00e0i 3 c\u00f5i, mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng \u201cgi\u1ea3 qu\u00e1n\u201d trong 3 qu\u00e1n. V\u00ec ho\u1eb7c n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 n\u00ean v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1t s\u00f4ng H\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n (9) C\u1eedu V\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o (C\u1eedu v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o): 9 lo\u1ea1i V\u00f4 l\u1eadu \u1edf giai v\u1ecb \u0111ang \u0111o\u1ea1n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o. Gi\u00e1n ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i, gi\u00e1n c\u00e1ch, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 qu\u00e1n l\u00fd ch\u00e2n tr\u00ed ch\u1eb3ng b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c l\u1eadu l\u00e0m ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i. Tuy phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u1eabn c\u00f2n, nh\u01b0ng ni\u1ec7m sau ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t n\u00ean gi\u1eefa phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ch di\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n. T\u1eeb qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb n\u00e0y m\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn Ni\u1ebft-b\u00e0n, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o. Ba c\u00f5i chia l\u00e0m 9 \u0111\u1ecba, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 T\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c, Ki\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c. T\u01b0 ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a 1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u1ea1i chia l\u00e0m 9 ph\u1ea9m \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n \u0111o\u1ea1n 1 ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 V\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o, giai v\u1ecb \u0111o\u1ea1n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o, c\u00f2n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau khi \u0111o\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o. Tu ho\u1eb7c \u1edf m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ecba c\u00f3 9 ph\u1ea9m, cho n\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1o (ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p) \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng c\u00f3 9 b\u1eadc, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u1eedu v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o, hay C\u1eedu gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o. Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1eadc th\u00e1nh v\u00f4 h\u1ecdc trong l\u00fac tu luy\u1ec7n c\u0103n, chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ee7ng t\u00ednh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 C\u1eedu v\u00f4 gi\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1o hay C\u1eedu gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n *<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o tu Ch\u1ec9, d\u1eebng d\u1ee9t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u00ec n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m ng\u01b0ng l\u1eb7ng. Do t\u00e2m ng\u01b0ng l\u1eb7ng, n\u00ean nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean khai ph\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n th\u00ec s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t nh\u1eefng c\u0103n t\u00ednh x\u1ea5u \u00e1c, n\u00ean trong kinh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean d\u00f9ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1eebng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9ng, sau m\u1edbi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t\u201d. Tu ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ban \u0111\u1ea7u, trong hai th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u00e1c n\u00e0y, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 ph\u00e1t ra.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ee7 hay x\u1ea3, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o, cho n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. Nay trong c\u0103n t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c chia l\u00e0m hai ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n A. Th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m c\u0103n t\u00ednh Thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n B. Th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m c\u0103n t\u00ednh \u00c1c<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh c\u0103n t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c th\u00ec c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i t\u00f9y theo m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1c sau v\u1eady.<\/p>\n Chia l\u00e0m b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n I- Ph\u00e1p thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n II- Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1edbng<\/p>\n III- Nghi\u1ec7m bi\u1ebft thi\u1ec1n th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3<\/p>\n IV- T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/p>\n I- PH\u00c1P THI\u1ec6N<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n 1. Ngo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n 2. N\u1ed9i thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n 1. Ngo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9, nay n\u00f3i s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 n\u0103m th\u1ee9: B\u1ed1 th\u00ed, tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, hi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadn cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 s\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng, k\u00ednh tin Tam b\u1ea3o, si\u00eang n\u0103ng c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng nghe ph\u00e1p. N\u0103m th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n n\u00e0y, thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n ngo\u00e0i, n\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. S\u1edf d\u0129 \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i, l\u00e0 do ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ea1o t\u00e1c v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp trong khi t\u00e2m c\u00f2n lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 ra kh\u1ecfi D\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ngo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n 2. N\u1ed9i thi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u0103m ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n: A-na-ban-na (S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c), Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh, Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m t\u1eeb, Qu\u00e1n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i. N\u0103m ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n n\u00e0y, th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec1n v\u00f4 l\u1eadu, n\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 N\u1ed9i thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: N\u1ed9i thi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00f4 lu\u1ee3ng, v\u00ec sao ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i n\u0103m m\u00f4n?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: N\u0103m m\u00f4n tuy \u00edt, m\u00e0 bao h\u00e0m c\u00e1c m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n V\u00ec sao?<\/p>\n 1. Qu\u00e1n s\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c: C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0: T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eafng, Th\u00f4ng minh thi\u1ec1n v.v\u2026<\/p>\n 2. Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh: C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i nh\u01b0: C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3, Si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tam-mu\u1ed9i v.v\u2026<\/p>\n 3. Qu\u00e1n t\u1eeb bi: C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i nh\u01b0: T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m, v.v\u2026<\/p>\n 4. Qu\u00e1n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean: C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n tam-mu\u1ed9i nh\u01b0: Th\u1eadp nh\u1ecb nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, T\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebf v.v…<\/p>\n 5. Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt: C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1eedu ch\u1ee7ng thi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 108 tam-mu\u1ed9i(1).<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p tu thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e0m phu th\u1ebf gian. Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gian c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng Thanh v\u0103n h\u00e0nh. Qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m t\u1eeb, d\u00f9 h\u00e0ng ph\u00e0m phu hay Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u tu, v\u00ec ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n n\u00e0y ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, cho n\u00ean tu qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp T\u1ee9 v\u00f4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2m. K\u1ebf l\u00e0 qu\u00e1n nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a B\u00edch chi Ph\u1eadt, ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t v\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng s\u00e2u c\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u0103m m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n. N\u0103m m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, b\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o ph\u00e1t sinh (84000) t\u00e1m v\u1ea1n b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n tr\u1ea7n lao, th\u00ec n\u0103m m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh (84000) t\u00e1m v\u1ea1n b\u1ed1n ng\u00e0n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau ra n\u0103m m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 bao h\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 thi\u1ec7n \u1edf trong. Theo thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a T\u00e1t-b\u00e0-\u0111a b\u1ed9, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u00f4n Ng\u0169 \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00e2m qu\u00e1n(2) c\u1ee7a b\u1eadc S\u01a1 hi\u1ec1n, so v\u1edbi n\u0103m ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan.<\/p>\n II- THI\u1ec6N C\u0102N PH\u00c1T T\u01af\u1edaNG<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai ph\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n 1. Ngo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n 2. N\u1ed9i thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n 1. Ngo\u1ea1i thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n V\u00ec thi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ea1ng, nay y theo c\u00e1c m\u00f4n \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc chia ra n\u0103m th\u1ee9:<\/p>\n – Trong khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i t\u0129nh t\u1ecda, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 y ph\u1ee5c, ng\u1ecda c\u1ee5, th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u1ef9 v\u1ecb, ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn, ao h\u1ed3, xe ng\u1ef1a v.v… ho\u1eb7c do t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3 b\u1ecf tham lam, keo ki\u1ec7t, t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1ed1 th\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t do qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o tu t\u1eadp b\u1ed1 th\u00ed t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n – Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i t\u0129nh t\u1ecda, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111oan nghi\u00eam, th\u00e2n kho\u00e1c y ph\u1ee5c thanh t\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1p, t\u1eafm r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v.v… Ho\u1eb7c khi t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh t\u00e2m tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c, t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi khinh, gi\u1edbi tr\u1ecdng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i nh\u1ecf c\u0169ng sinh l\u00f2ng lo s\u1ee3 v\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t t\u01b0\u1edbng do qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o tu t\u1eadp tr\u00ec gi\u1edbi, nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n – Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i t\u0129nh t\u1ecda, trong \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y cha m\u1eb9, s\u01b0 t\u0103ng, b\u00e0 con quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c, m\u1eb7c y ph\u1ee5c trang nghi\u00eam thanh t\u1ecbnh, tinh th\u1ea7n hoan h\u1ef7 vui m\u1eebng; Ho\u1eb7c trong khi t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng n\u00ean ph\u00e1t sinh l\u00f2ng t\u1eeb bi, nh\u00e2n \u00e1i, th\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00ednh huynh \u0111\u1ec7. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t, do qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m t\u00f4n k\u00ednh hi\u1ebfu thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u1eady.<\/p>\n – Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i t\u0129nh t\u1ecda, trong \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng trang nghi\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u00f9a th\u00e1p, kinh s\u00e1ch, h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u01b0 t\u0103ng v\u00e2n t\u1eadp n\u01a1i ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i v.v… Ho\u1eb7c trong khi t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, ph\u00e1t sinh t\u00e2m tin k\u00ednh Tam b\u1ea3o, \u01b0a th\u00edch c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, tinh t\u1ea5n d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t, do qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m tin k\u00ednh Tam b\u1ea3o, si\u00eang n\u0103ng tinh t\u1ea5n c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi nay v\u1eady.<\/p>\n – Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 ng\u1ed3i t\u0129nh t\u1ecda, do t\u00e2m ng\u01b0ng l\u1eb7ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch Tam t\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y b\u1ed1n ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t gia v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u1ea1i gia c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng, nghe kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba v.v… Ho\u1eb7c do t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, t\u00f9y theo ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea5y nghe m\u00e0 li\u1ec5u ng\u1ed9. Ho\u1eb7c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u ngh\u0129a l\u00fd Tam t\u1ea1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n ng\u1ea1i. N\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t, do qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o tu t\u1eadp nghe ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ee5ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u1eady.<\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t nh\u1eefng t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i do thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y tu t\u1eadp c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c trong khi t\u00e2m c\u00f2n lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nay do t\u00e2m v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t ra nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n khai ph\u00e1t, c\u0169ng do Nh\u00e2n tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh v\u1eady. Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i h\u1ebft, hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau s\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u00e1t sinh qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 tu t\u1eadp c\u00f3 hai h\u1ea1ng c\u0103n t\u00ednh ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t sinh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng do Qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t Nh\u00e2n tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 khai ph\u00e1t do Nh\u00e2n tu t\u1eadp t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng do Qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp ph\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ee9, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu t\u1eadp m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng khai ph\u00e1t. Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sai l\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong t\u00e2m t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nghi\u1ec7p \u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi nay sinh kh\u1edfi, hu\u1ed1ng chi l\u00fd th\u1ec3 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y sao?<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Khi th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do thi\u00ean ma l\u00e0m ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: C\u0169ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p do ma gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n, ma c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 S\u00e1t. N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, th\u00ec khi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea5y ph\u00e1t sinh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng lo\u1ea1n, ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, t\u00e2m c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, kh\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00e2m, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ma gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n Khi khai ph\u00e1t nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n \u1ea5y, h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y r\u1ed3i, tuy ch\u01b0a ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, m\u00e0 th\u00e2n t\u00e2m s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, c\u00e1c c\u0103n thanh t\u1ecbnh, kh\u00ed s\u1eafc t\u01b0\u01a1i nhu\u1ea7n, th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1c d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o, n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch, nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec7m thi\u1ec7n khai ph\u00e1t; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 sau, t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1c d\u1ec5 th\u00e2u nhi\u1ebfp, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m y\u00ean \u1ed5n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m, tai h\u1ecda, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n L\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t n\u00e0y, l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a B\u00e1o nh\u00e2n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i h\u1ebft; hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1eadp nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n, th\u00ec xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ee9t. N\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbng ma gi\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n, th\u00ec c\u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft, tuy h\u1ebft r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e3o lo\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3; c\u00f2n t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n th\u00ec t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i di\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 khi bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ni\u1ec7m \u00e1c, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e0 hay ch\u00e1nh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, n\u1ebfu t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n g\u0169i b\u1eadc minh s\u01b0, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n H\u1eceI: Nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i khai ph\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ee9ng thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, hay trong khi ch\u1ee9ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, hay khi nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh?<\/p>\n \u0110\u00c1P: Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i khai ph\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, do thi\u1ec7n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00f4, n\u00ean gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n 2. N\u1ed9i thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n ph\u00e1t<\/strong><\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7n nay r\u00fat t\u1eeb trong n\u0103m m\u00f4n thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n \u1edf trong khai ph\u00e1t. Trong n\u0103m m\u00f4n n\u00e0y m\u1ed7i m\u00f4n chia l\u00e0m ba, c\u1ed9ng chung c\u1ea3 n\u0103m m\u00f4n th\u00e0nh m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n a) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n a.1. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n a.2. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a T\u00f9y t\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n a.3. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n a.1. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a S\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t<\/em><\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 kh\u00e9o tu ba ph\u00e1p Ch\u1ec9 (H\u1ec7 duy\u00ean Ch\u1ec9, Ch\u1ebf t\u00e2m Ch\u1ec9, Th\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n Ch\u1ec9) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e2n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, n\u00ean khai ph\u00e1t c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba v.v… th\u00e2n t\u00e2m r\u1ed7ng rang v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, t\u00e2m an \u1ed5n y\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh. Sau khi tr\u1ea3i qua th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, th\u00e2n t\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a t\u1ed1t, t\u00e2m an \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y trong thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ed7ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n t\u00e2m, ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi t\u00e1m th\u1ee9 x\u00fac (\u0111au, ng\u1ee9a, n\u00f3ng, l\u1ea1nh, tr\u01a1n, r\u00edt v.v…), \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n khai ph\u00e1t. Trong \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t sinh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u00e2m thi\u1ec7n an \u1ed5n, h\u1ef7 l\u1ea1c kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n Sau khi ph\u00e1t S\u01a1 thi\u1ec1n, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1ecb thi\u1ec1n, Tam thi\u1ec1n, T\u1ee9 thi\u1ec1n, T\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng v.v…<\/p>\n a.2. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a T\u00f9y t\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t<\/em><\/p>\n C\u0169ng ngay trong khi t\u00e2m an \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o d\u00e0i ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 kh\u1eafp l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ed7ng. H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 d\u00f9ng t\u00e2m s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y ba m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u v\u1eadt trong th\u00e2n, nh\u01b0 m\u1edf nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1eadu m\u00e8, l\u00faa v.v… \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. T\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t vui m\u1eebng, an \u1ed5n, v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng, th\u01b0 th\u00e1i, th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p thi\u1ec7n \u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1ef7, l\u1ea1c v.v… \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Th\u1eadp l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n a.3. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n h\u01a1i th\u1edf ph\u00e1t<\/em><\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 \u0111ang tr\u1ee5 trong \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u1eafng l\u1eb7ng vi t\u1ebf, b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y h\u01a1i th\u1edf ra v\u00e0o kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n l\u00f4ng tr\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea1i, t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 t\u1eeb t\u1eeb s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n, qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed1t, th\u1ecbt v.v… trong th\u00e2n, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 l\u00faa, \u0111\u1eadu v.v… \u1edf trong m\u00e0ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecfng, c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y 84.000 lo\u00e0i vi tr\u00f9ng d\u00e0i, ng\u1eafn, l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf, trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u00e2m thanh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 y\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh an l\u1ea1c, hoan h\u1ef7 g\u1ea5p m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n Ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 th\u1ea5y th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y chu\u1ed1i, nh\u01b0 b\u1ecdt n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 m\u00e2y n\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0 h\u00ecnh v.v… \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng khai ph\u00e1t thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Th\u00f4ng minh thi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n b) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n G\u1ed3m c\u00f3 ba th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n khai ph\u00e1t ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng:<\/p>\n b.1. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n b.2. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n b.3. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n b.1. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u00e1t<\/em><\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ee5 trong \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m ng\u01b0ng l\u1eb7ng, b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft s\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nam v\u00e0 n\u1eef, l\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00f3t th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb l\u00e2u nay ch\u1ecbu m\u00ea l\u1ea7m, n\u00ean nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n tham \u00e1i ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ee9t. Ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft t\u00edm b\u1ea7m, m\u00e1u m\u1ee7, r\u1ee5c r\u00e3, chim ch\u00f3c r\u00fac r\u1ec9a, x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng tan ho\u1ea1i, r\u00e3 r\u1eddi n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed5n ngang v.v… \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a C\u1eedu t\u01b0\u1edfng khai ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n b.2. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3 ph\u00e1t<\/em><\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ee5 trong \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00ecnh nh\u01a1 nh\u1edbp, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2n, t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1t n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n nhau, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00e2m h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 an \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n ng\u0169 d\u1ee5c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00e1i ch\u1ea5p th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a B\u00e1t b\u1ed1i x\u1ea3 khai ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n b.3. Thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t<\/em><\/p>\n H\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 tr\u1ee5 trong \u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ee5c gi\u1edbi, V\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u1ecba, th\u1ea5y trong th\u00e2n v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i th\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i c\u1ea7m th\u00fa bay nh\u1ea3y, ho\u1eb7c y ph\u1ee5c, th\u1ee9c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, n\u00fai r\u1eebng c\u00e2y c\u1ed1i v.v… th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh. Ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda x\u00f3m l\u00e0ng, c\u1ea3 nu\u1edbc, cho \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh. Ho\u1eb7c th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5y x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng trong th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t s\u00e1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e1n b\u1ea5t t\u1ecbnh khai ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n Khi h\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3 qu\u00e1n th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 tr\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m b\u00e1m ch\u1ea5p, d\u00ednh m\u1eafc.<\/p>\n c) Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ph\u00e1p qu\u00e1n t\u00e2m t\u1eeb<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\nT\u1ef0A THI\u1ec0N BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/h3>\n
NGUY\u00caN V\u0102N<\/h3>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG 1: \u0110\u1ea0I \u00dd V\u1ec0 PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P H\u00c0NH THI\u1ec0N BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/h3>\n
A. D\u00d9NG NGUY\u00caN NH\u00c2N KH\u00d4NG CH\u00cdNH \u0110\u00c1NG TU T\u1eacP THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH<\/h4>\n
B. NG\u01af\u1edcI H\u00c0NH H\u1ea0NH B\u1ed2 T\u00c1T TU T\u1eacP THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH<\/h4>\n
I- V\u00cc SAO G\u1eccI L\u00c0 B\u1ed2 T\u00c1T PH\u00c1T T\u00c2M ?<\/h5>\n
II- V\u00cc SAO H\u00c0NH B\u1ed2 T\u00c1T C\u1ea6N PH\u1ea2I TU THI\u1ec0N \u0110\u1ecaNH<\/h5>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG 2: GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH DANH T\u1eea THI\u1ec0N BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/h3>\n
A. PH\u00c2N BI\u1ec6T CH\u1ed6 \u0110\u1ed2NG V\u00c0 B\u1ea4T \u0110\u1ed2NG<\/h4>\n
B. D\u1ecaCH V\u00c0 GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH DANH T\u1eea THI\u1ec0N<\/h4>\n
I- D\u1ecaCH V\u00c0 GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH \u0110\u1ed2NG DANH T\u1eea<\/h5>\n
II- D\u1ecaCH V\u00c0 GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH DANH T\u1eea B\u1ea4T \u0110\u1ed2NG<\/h5>\n
C. T\u1ed4NG K\u1ebeT<\/h4>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG 3: GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH THI\u1ec0N BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/h3>\n
A. TI\u00caU \u0110\u1ec0 THI\u1ec0N M\u00d4N<\/h4>\n
B. GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH THI\u1ec0N M\u00d4N<\/h4>\n
I- GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH RI\u00caNG<\/h5>\n
II- GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH CHUNG<\/h5>\n
C. T\u1ed4NG K\u1ebeT THI\u1ec0N M\u00d4N<\/h4>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG 4: GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 TH\u1ee8 L\u1edaP C\u1ee6A THI\u1ec0N BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/h3>\n
A. GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH \u00dd NGH\u0128A C\u00c1C THI\u1ec0N THEO TH\u1ee8 L\u1edaP<\/h4>\n
B. GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH \u00dd NGH\u0128A C\u00c1C THI\u1ec0N KH\u00d4NG THEO TH\u1ee8 L\u1edaP<\/h4>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG 5: GI\u1ea2I TH\u00cdCH V\u1ec0 PH\u00c1P V\u00c0 T\u00c2M<\/h3>\n
A. LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 PH\u00c1P<\/h4>\n
B. LU\u1eacN V\u1ec0 T\u00c2M<\/h4>\n
C. T\u1ed4NG K\u1ebeT T\u00c2M V\u00c0 PH\u00c1P<\/h4>\n
CH\u01af\u01a0NG 6: PH\u00c2N BI\u1ec6T TI\u1ec0N PH\u01af\u01a0NG TI\u1ec6N THI\u1ec0N BA-LA-M\u1eacT<\/h3>\n
NGO\u1ea0I PH\u01af\u01a0NG TI\u1ec6N<\/h4>\n
A. \u0110\u1ee6 N\u0102M DUY\u00caN<\/h5>\n
I- TR\u00cc GI\u1edaI THANH T\u1ecaNH<\/h6>\n
II- Y TH\u1ef0C \u0110\u1ea6Y \u0110\u1ee6<\/h6>\n
III- \u1ede CH\u1ed6 NH\u00c0N T\u1ecaNH<\/h6>\n
IV- D\u1ee8T C\u00c1C DUY\u00caN V\u1ee4<\/h6>\n
V- TH\u00c2N C\u1eacN THI\u1ec6N TRI TH\u1ee8C<\/h6>\n
B. TR\u00c1CH N\u0102M D\u1ee4C<\/h5>\n
I- TR\u00c1CH S\u1eaeC D\u1ee4C<\/h6>\n
II- TR\u00c1CH THANH D\u1ee4C<\/h6>\n
III- TR\u00c1CH H\u01af\u01a0NG D\u1ee4C<\/h6>\n
IV- TR\u00c1CH V\u1eca D\u1ee4C<\/h6>\n
V- TR\u00c1CH X\u00daC D\u1ee4C<\/h6>\n
C. X\u1ea2 NG\u0168 C\u00c1I<\/h5>\n
I- X\u1ea2 THAM D\u1ee4C<\/h6>\n
II- X\u1ea2 GI\u1eacN H\u1edcN<\/h6>\n
III- X\u1ea2 TH\u00d9Y MI\u00caN (m\u00ea ng\u1ee7)<\/h6>\n
IV- X\u1ea2 TR\u1ea0O H\u1ed0I<\/h6>\n
V- X\u1ea2 NGHI NG\u1edc<\/h6>\n
D. \u0110I\u1ec0U H\u00d2A N\u0102M VI\u1ec6C<\/h5>\n
I- \u0110I\u1ec0U H\u00d2A \u0102N U\u1ed0NG<\/h6>\n
II- \u0110I\u1ec0U H\u00d2A NG\u1ee6 NGH\u1ec8<\/h6>\n
III- \u0110I\u1ec0U H\u00d2A TH\u00c2N<\/h6>\n
IV- \u0110I\u1ec0U H\u00d2A H\u01a0I TH\u1ede<\/h6>\n
V- \u0110I\u1ec0U H\u00d2A T\u00c2M<\/h6>\n
E. H\u00c0NH N\u0102M PH\u00c1P<\/h5>\n
I- D\u1ee4C<\/h6>\n
II- TINH T\u1ea4N<\/h6>\n
III- NI\u1ec6M<\/h6>\n
IV- X\u1ea2O TU\u1ec6<\/h6>\n
V- NH\u1ea4T T\u00c2M<\/h6>\n
N\u1ed8I PH\u01af\u01a0NG TI\u1ec6N<\/h4>\n
*1. THUY\u1ebeT MINH CH\u1ec8 M\u00d4N<\/h5>\n
I- PH\u00c2N BI\u1ec6T CH\u1ec8 M\u00d4N B\u1ea4T \u0110\u1ed2NG<\/h6>\n
II- \u0110\u1ea0I \u00dd L\u1eacP PH\u00c1P TU CH\u1ec8<\/h6>\n
III- PH\u01af\u01a0NG PH\u00c1P TU CH\u1ec8<\/h6>\n
IV- T\u01af\u1edaNG CH\u1ee8NG PH\u00c1P CH\u1ec8<\/h6>\n
*2. NGHI\u1ec6M C\u0102N T\u00cdNH THI\u1ec6N \u00c1C<\/h5>\n
A. TH\u1ec2 NGHI\u1ec6M C\u0102N T\u00cdNH THI\u1ec6N<\/h6>\n